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| From | Keith Thompson <kst-u@mib.org> |
|---|---|
| Newsgroups | comp.lang.c |
| Subject | Re: New directions in C |
| Date | 2015-04-08 13:12 -0700 |
| Organization | None to speak of |
| Message-ID | <87lhi2v0pf.fsf@kst-u.example.com> (permalink) |
| References | (16 earlier) <mg39vf$9oi$1@dont-email.me> <e062b3aa-ca53-4479-867d-bc20fafb57e4@googlegroups.com> <mg3f5t$vb2$1@dont-email.me> <87wq1mv68b.fsf@kst-u.example.com> <mg3ve5$4ac$1@dont-email.me> |
David Brown <david.brown@hesbynett.no> writes:
> On 08/04/15 20:13, Keith Thompson wrote:
[...]
>> C doesn't have built-in support for fixed-point numeric types, but we
>> can emulate them. A 16-bit signed integer representing a voltage level,
>> with 0 representing 0 volts, 1 representing 0.125 volts, etc., can be
>> thought of either as an integer representing voltage in units of 1/8
>> volt *or* as a fixed-point value with an implicit radix point 3 bits
>> from the low end representing fractional volts. They're just two
>> different ways of thinking about the same thing.
>>
>
> However, although the integer in your example /could/ be considered
> "fixed point", it is akin to calling floating point types "rationals"
> -
> technically correct, but not actually helpful. "Fixed point" has a
> more specific meaning in common use in embedded development and
> perhaps especially in DSP development, typically expressed in the Q
> format <http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Q_%28number_format%29>.
Calling floating-point types "rationals" is unhelpful because all
floating-point values are rationals, but not all rationals are
floating-point values. 1/3 cannot be represented exactly in
floating-point, for example (unless you have a trinary system).
The representation I described above seems to match Q12.3 or Q13.3,
depending on which of the two conflicting notations you use (the sign
bit may or may not be included). It only differs from an actual
fixed-point Q12.3 or Q13.3 format in that the language doesn't directly
support it. Is there some important distinction that I'm missing?
> Your voltage data here would normally be considered a "scaled integer"
> -
> i.e., an integer, with a particular scale of units - rather than a
> "fixed-point" type.
In terms of both representation and operations, it seems to me that
fixed-point *is* scaled integers. (If you treat the values as integers,
you have to apply the scaling explicitly; is that what you're referring
to?)
>> Ada, for example, does have built-in support fixed-point types. In Ada,
>> you could define either:
>> type Eigth_Volts is range -2**15 .. 2**15-1; -- an integer type
>> or
>> type Volts is delta 0.125 range -4096.0 .. 4095.875;
>> C doesn't have built-in mechanisms to express that distinction.
>>
>
> It would be nice if C had such types. I guess we have to make them as
> C++ template classes :-)
>
>> [...]
>>
>> I've taken a brief look at TR-18037-embedded-c.pdf, which adds
>> fixed-point types to C. The _Fract types represent values from -1.0 to
>> +1.0 as scaled integers; they have fractional bits and no integral bits.
>
> Yes, they implement types like Q16 and Q1.15
>
>> Each of the _Accum types, if I understand it correctly, has both
>> fractional and integral bits. The number of integral bits must be at
>> least 8, but is determined by the whim of the implementation. If type
>> `unsigned _Accum` is 32 bits, for example, the implementation might
>> choose to give it 16 integral bits and 16 fractional bits; there is then
>> no way to define a type with 24 integral bits and 8 fractional bits.
>>
>> I presume the authors know more about the real-world requirements for
>> fixed-point types than I do, but I'm having difficulty imagining that
>> that's a good design. It seems to me that both the width and the
>> precision of a fixed-point type should depend on the application. I
>> might need 8 fractional bits for one quantity and 24 fractional bits for
>> another quantity in the same application. Supporting that would mean
>> adding new syntax to the language, perhaps something like
>>
>> unsigned _Fixed<24, 8>;
>
> You may not be an embedded programmer, but you appear understand the
> issues a lot better than the TR authors! One would think they would
> have learned that the most important C99 enhancement in the eyes of
> embedded developers was the standardisation of fixed-size types in
> <stdint.h>.
>>
>> Mixed-type operations are complicated; perhaps that could be handled by
>> requiring both operands to have the same type, requiring casts to
>> resolve ambiguities.
>
> Usually mixed-type operations can be implemented as a normal integer
> operation followed by a shift (for multiply/divide), or a shift
> followed by the integer operation (for add/subtract).
But you don't know what shift to apply unless you know the target type
as well as both operand types.
For example, multiplying two UQ12.4 values (unsigned, 16 bits, 12
integral, 4 fractional) would logically yield a UQ24.8 result if you
don't want to lose precision. In Ada, fixed-point multiplication and
division are defined as overloaded operators taking arguments and
yielding results of type *universal-fixed* -- which must always be
converted to some specific type. The context of a fixed-by-fixed
multiplication or division must specify the type to which the result is
converted. The compiler then has to figure out how to generate code to
combine 3 possibly distinct types.
One tricky aspect is that one of the operand types might have more range
but less precision than the other.
In C, assuming something like `unsigned _Fixed<24, 8>` is added, you
could require the result of any fixed-by-fixed multiplication or
division to be cast to some specific fixed-point (or arithmetic?) type.
>> Fixed-by-integer multiplication and division are easily defined and
>> probably nice to have. Fixed-by-fixed multiplication is more
>> complicated, and fixed-by-fixed division can be *really* messy.
--
Keith Thompson (The_Other_Keith) kst-u@mib.org <http://www.ghoti.net/~kst>
Working, but not speaking, for JetHead Development, Inc.
"We must do something. This is something. Therefore, we must do this."
-- Antony Jay and Jonathan Lynn, "Yes Minister"
Back to comp.lang.c | Previous | Next — Previous in thread | Next in thread | Find similar | Unroll thread
New directions in C jacob navia <jacob@spamsink.net> - 2015-03-14 23:05 +0100
Re: New directions in C Ian Collins <ian-news@hotmail.com> - 2015-03-15 13:08 +1300
Re: New directions in C Johannes Bauer <dfnsonfsduifb@gmx.de> - 2015-03-17 14:49 +0100
Re: New directions in C Anand Hariharan <mailto.anand.hariharan@gmail.com> - 2015-04-07 10:03 -0700
Re: New directions in C fir <profesor.fir@gmail.com> - 2015-03-16 01:36 -0700
Re: New directions in C fir <profesor.fir@gmail.com> - 2015-03-16 02:07 -0700
Re: New directions in C jacob navia <jacob@spamsink.net> - 2015-03-16 11:10 +0100
Re: New directions in C Richard Heathfield <rjh@cpax.org.uk> - 2015-03-16 10:36 +0000
Re: New directions in C jacob navia <jacob@spamsink.net> - 2015-03-16 11:43 +0100
Re: New directions in C Richard Heathfield <rjh@cpax.org.uk> - 2015-03-16 11:01 +0000
Re: New directions in C jacob navia <jacob@spamsink.net> - 2015-03-16 13:11 +0100
Re: New directions in C Richard Heathfield <rjh@cpax.org.uk> - 2015-03-16 12:51 +0000
Re: New directions in C Malcolm McLean <malcolm.mclean5@btinternet.com> - 2015-03-16 06:11 -0700
Re: New directions in C Richard Heathfield <rjh@cpax.org.uk> - 2015-03-16 13:37 +0000
Re: New directions in C Ben Bacarisse <ben.usenet@bsb.me.uk> - 2015-03-16 13:44 +0000
Re: New directions in C jacob navia <jacob@spamsink.net> - 2015-03-16 15:23 +0100
Re: New directions in C Ben Bacarisse <ben.usenet@bsb.me.uk> - 2015-03-16 15:07 +0000
Re: New directions in C Malcolm McLean <malcolm.mclean5@btinternet.com> - 2015-03-16 10:24 -0700
Re: New directions in C Ben Bacarisse <ben.usenet@bsb.me.uk> - 2015-03-16 19:36 +0000
Re: New directions in C Malcolm McLean <malcolm.mclean5@btinternet.com> - 2015-03-16 16:19 -0700
Re: New directions in C raltbos@xs4all.nl (Richard Bos) - 2015-03-16 15:51 +0000
Re: New directions in C jacob navia <jacob@spamsink.net> - 2015-03-16 20:41 +0100
Re: New directions in C Johannes Bauer <dfnsonfsduifb@gmx.de> - 2015-03-17 15:23 +0100
Re: New directions in C jacob navia <jacob@spamsink.net> - 2015-03-17 15:34 +0100
Re: New directions in C Johannes Bauer <dfnsonfsduifb@gmx.de> - 2015-03-17 15:37 +0100
Re: New directions in C jacob navia <jacob@spamsink.net> - 2015-03-17 15:48 +0100
Re: New directions in C Johannes Bauer <dfnsonfsduifb@gmx.de> - 2015-03-17 15:52 +0100
Re: New directions in C jacob navia <jacob@spamsink.net> - 2015-03-17 16:05 +0100
Re: New directions in C raltbos@xs4all.nl (Richard Bos) - 2015-03-17 18:58 +0000
Re: New directions in C fir <profesor.fir@gmail.com> - 2015-03-17 12:15 -0700
Re: New directions in C fir <profesor.fir@gmail.com> - 2015-03-17 12:31 -0700
Re: New directions in C Richard Heathfield <rjh@cpax.org.uk> - 2015-03-17 16:13 +0000
Re: New directions in C fir <profesor.fir@gmail.com> - 2015-03-17 09:50 -0700
Re: New directions in C jacob navia <jacob@spamsink.net> - 2015-03-17 17:59 +0100
Re: New directions in C Greg Martin <greg.at.softsprocket@dot.com> - 2015-03-17 17:16 +0000
Re: New directions in C jacob navia <jacob@spamsink.net> - 2015-03-17 18:24 +0100
Re: New directions in C Greg Martin <greg.at.softsprocket@dot.com> - 2015-03-17 17:46 +0000
Re: New directions in C Richard Heathfield <rjh@cpax.org.uk> - 2015-03-17 18:02 +0000
Re: New directions in C glen herrmannsfeldt <gah@ugcs.caltech.edu> - 2015-03-17 18:58 +0000
Re: New directions in C fmassei@gmail.com - 2015-03-17 13:04 -0700
Re: New directions in C Malcolm McLean <malcolm.mclean5@btinternet.com> - 2015-03-18 01:17 -0700
Re: New directions in C Greg Martin <greg.at.softsprocket@dot.com> - 2015-03-18 14:58 +0000
Re: New directions in C Keith Thompson <kst-u@mib.org> - 2015-03-17 11:38 -0700
Re: New directions in C Richard Damon <Richard@Damon-Family.org> - 2015-03-17 22:59 -0400
Re: New directions in C jacob navia <jacob@jacob.remcomp.fr> - 2015-03-18 09:05 +0100
Re: New directions in C Richard Damon <Richard@Damon-Family.org> - 2015-03-18 08:56 -0400
Re: New directions in C David Brown <david.brown@hesbynett.no> - 2015-03-18 10:27 +0100
Re: New directions in C Keith Thompson <kst-u@mib.org> - 2015-03-17 09:35 -0700
Re: New directions in C Johannes Bauer <dfnsonfsduifb@gmx.de> - 2015-03-17 17:44 +0100
Re: New directions in C Malcolm McLean <malcolm.mclean5@btinternet.com> - 2015-03-18 01:11 -0700
Re: New directions in C raltbos@xs4all.nl (Richard Bos) - 2015-03-21 22:14 +0000
Re: New directions in C Malcolm McLean <malcolm.mclean5@btinternet.com> - 2015-03-16 05:24 -0700
Re: New directions in C Ian Collins <ian-news@hotmail.com> - 2015-03-17 16:50 +1300
Re: New directions in C jacob navia <jacob@spamsink.net> - 2015-03-17 07:21 +0100
Re: New directions in C Malcolm McLean <malcolm.mclean5@btinternet.com> - 2015-03-17 01:50 -0700
Re: New directions in C Ian Collins <ian-news@hotmail.com> - 2015-03-18 21:22 +1300
Re: New directions in C Malcolm McLean <malcolm.mclean5@btinternet.com> - 2015-03-18 01:55 -0700
Re: New directions in C Ian Collins <ian-news@hotmail.com> - 2015-03-18 22:08 +1300
Re: New directions in C Malcolm McLean <malcolm.mclean5@btinternet.com> - 2015-03-18 07:01 -0700
Re: New directions in C James Kuyper <jameskuyper@verizon.net> - 2015-03-16 08:27 -0400
Re: New directions in C jacob navia <jacob@spamsink.net> - 2015-03-16 13:31 +0100
Re: New directions in C Martin Shobe <martin.shobe@yahoo.com> - 2015-03-16 09:47 -0500
Re: New directions in C Kaz Kylheku <kaz@kylheku.com> - 2015-03-16 17:16 +0000
Re: New directions in C raltbos@xs4all.nl (Richard Bos) - 2015-03-21 22:15 +0000
Re: New directions in C James Kuyper <jameskuyper@verizon.net> - 2015-03-23 12:41 -0400
Re: New directions in C Malcolm McLean <malcolm.mclean5@btinternet.com> - 2015-03-23 10:20 -0700
Re: New directions in C David Brown <david.brown@hesbynett.no> - 2015-03-16 12:54 +0100
Re: New directions in C Keith Thompson <kst-u@mib.org> - 2015-03-16 09:30 -0700
Re: New directions in C James Kuyper <jameskuyper@verizon.net> - 2015-03-16 13:14 -0400
Jacob (Was: New directions in C) gazelle@shell.xmission.com (Kenny McCormack) - 2015-03-16 18:07 +0000
Re: New directions in C jacob navia <jacob@spamsink.net> - 2015-03-16 15:27 +0100
Re: New directions in C David Brown <david.brown@hesbynett.no> - 2015-03-16 16:26 +0100
Re: New directions in C Malcolm McLean <malcolm.mclean5@btinternet.com> - 2015-03-16 10:09 -0700
Re: New directions in C Keith Thompson <kst-u@mib.org> - 2015-03-16 11:14 -0700
Re: New directions in C David Brown <david.brown@hesbynett.no> - 2015-03-17 13:42 +0100
Re: New directions in C Johannes Bauer <dfnsonfsduifb@gmx.de> - 2015-03-17 14:59 +0100
Re: New directions in C jacob navia <jacob@spamsink.net> - 2015-03-17 15:27 +0100
Re: New directions in C Johannes Bauer <dfnsonfsduifb@gmx.de> - 2015-03-17 15:34 +0100
Re: New directions in C Richard Heathfield <rjh@cpax.org.uk> - 2015-03-17 16:18 +0000
Re: New directions in C raltbos@xs4all.nl (Richard Bos) - 2015-03-21 22:35 +0000
Re: New directions in C Malcolm McLean <malcolm.mclean5@btinternet.com> - 2015-03-22 01:23 -0700
Re: New directions in C Bartc <bc@freeuk.com> - 2015-03-22 11:00 +0000
Re: New directions in C raltbos@xs4all.nl (Richard Bos) - 2015-03-29 16:56 +0000
Re: New directions in C asetofsymbols@gmail.com - 2015-03-29 10:04 -0700
Re: New directions in C Malcolm McLean <malcolm.mclean5@btinternet.com> - 2015-03-29 10:56 -0700
Re: New directions in C Bartc <bc@freeuk.com> - 2015-03-29 19:30 +0100
Re: New directions in C Malcolm McLean <malcolm.mclean5@btinternet.com> - 2015-03-29 12:25 -0700
Re: New directions in C Bartc <bc@freeuk.com> - 2015-03-29 20:46 +0100
Re: New directions in C glen herrmannsfeldt <gah@ugcs.caltech.edu> - 2015-03-29 21:46 +0000
Re: New directions in C Tim Rentsch <txr@alumni.caltech.edu> - 2015-03-30 07:43 -0700
Re: New directions in C David Brown <david.brown@hesbynett.no> - 2015-04-07 00:33 +0200
Re: New directions in C glen herrmannsfeldt <gah@ugcs.caltech.edu> - 2015-04-06 23:13 +0000
Re: New directions in C Ian Collins <ian-news@hotmail.com> - 2015-04-07 15:46 +1200
Re: New directions in C Malcolm McLean <malcolm.mclean5@btinternet.com> - 2015-04-07 01:37 -0700
Re: New directions in C Ian Collins <ian-news@hotmail.com> - 2015-04-07 21:08 +1200
Re: New directions in C Malcolm McLean <malcolm.mclean5@btinternet.com> - 2015-04-07 02:52 -0700
Re: New directions in C Richard Heathfield <rjh@cpax.org.uk> - 2015-04-07 11:09 +0100
Re: New directions in C David Brown <david.brown@hesbynett.no> - 2015-04-07 13:18 +0200
Re: New directions in C David Brown <david.brown@hesbynett.no> - 2015-04-07 13:03 +0200
Re: New directions in C Malcolm McLean <malcolm.mclean5@btinternet.com> - 2015-04-07 06:16 -0700
Re: New directions in C David Brown <david.brown@hesbynett.no> - 2015-04-07 16:18 +0200
Re: New directions in C Malcolm McLean <malcolm.mclean5@btinternet.com> - 2015-04-07 07:37 -0700
Re: New directions in C David Brown <david.brown@hesbynett.no> - 2015-04-07 23:31 +0200
Re: New directions in C glen herrmannsfeldt <gah@ugcs.caltech.edu> - 2015-04-18 00:45 +0000
Re: New directions in C Richard Damon <Richard@Damon-Family.org> - 2015-04-07 22:40 -0400
Re: New directions in C Ian Collins <ian-news@hotmail.com> - 2015-04-08 16:57 +1200
Re: New directions in C David Brown <david.brown@hesbynett.no> - 2015-04-08 09:14 +0200
Re: New directions in C raltbos@xs4all.nl (Richard Bos) - 2015-04-19 14:14 +0000
Re: New directions in C Malcolm McLean <malcolm.mclean5@btinternet.com> - 2015-04-08 01:52 -0700
Re: New directions in C Ian Collins <ian-news@hotmail.com> - 2015-04-08 21:36 +1200
Re: New directions in C Malcolm McLean <malcolm.mclean5@btinternet.com> - 2015-04-08 02:51 -0700
Re: New directions in C Ian Collins <ian-news@hotmail.com> - 2015-04-08 22:23 +1200
Re: New directions in C David Brown <david.brown@hesbynett.no> - 2015-04-08 13:14 +0200
Re: New directions in C Malcolm McLean <malcolm.mclean5@btinternet.com> - 2015-04-08 04:27 -0700
Re: New directions in C David Brown <david.brown@hesbynett.no> - 2015-04-08 14:29 +0200
Re: New directions in C Malcolm McLean <malcolm.mclean5@btinternet.com> - 2015-04-08 06:01 -0700
Re: New directions in C David Brown <david.brown@hesbynett.no> - 2015-04-08 15:21 +0200
Re: New directions in C Malcolm McLean <malcolm.mclean5@btinternet.com> - 2015-04-08 06:44 -0700
Re: New directions in C David Brown <david.brown@hesbynett.no> - 2015-04-08 16:50 +0200
Re: New directions in C Malcolm McLean <malcolm.mclean5@btinternet.com> - 2015-04-08 08:19 -0700
Re: New directions in C fir <profesor.fir@gmail.com> - 2015-04-08 10:55 -0700
Re: New directions in C asetofsymbols@gmail.com - 2015-04-08 22:27 -0700
Re: New directions in C Keith Thompson <kst-u@mib.org> - 2015-04-08 11:13 -0700
Re: New directions in C David Brown <david.brown@hesbynett.no> - 2015-04-08 21:27 +0200
Re: New directions in C Keith Thompson <kst-u@mib.org> - 2015-04-08 13:12 -0700
Re: New directions in C David Brown <david.brown@hesbynett.no> - 2015-04-09 09:34 +0200
Re: New directions in C Malcolm McLean <malcolm.mclean5@btinternet.com> - 2015-04-09 00:59 -0700
Re: New directions in C David Brown <david.brown@hesbynett.no> - 2015-04-09 12:31 +0200
Re: New directions in C Keith Thompson <kst-u@mib.org> - 2015-04-09 08:41 -0700
Re: New directions in C Bartc <bc@freeuk.com> - 2015-04-08 22:48 +0100
Re: New directions in C Morris Dovey <mrdovey@iedu.com> - 2015-04-08 19:03 -0500
Re: New directions in C David Brown <david.brown@hesbynett.no> - 2015-04-09 10:01 +0200
Re: New directions in C David Brown <david.brown@hesbynett.no> - 2015-04-09 09:50 +0200
Re: New directions in C Malcolm McLean <malcolm.mclean5@btinternet.com> - 2015-04-09 01:18 -0700
Re: New directions in C fir <profesor.fir@gmail.com> - 2015-04-08 12:32 -0700
Re: New directions in C Richard Damon <Richard@Damon-Family.org> - 2015-04-08 08:49 -0400
Re: New directions in C Malcolm McLean <malcolm.mclean5@btinternet.com> - 2015-04-08 06:15 -0700
Re: New directions in C Richard Damon <Richard@Damon-Family.org> - 2015-04-10 23:18 -0400
Re: New directions in C Malcolm McLean <malcolm.mclean5@btinternet.com> - 2015-04-10 23:50 -0700
Re: New directions in C David Brown <david.brown@hesbynett.no> - 2015-04-11 15:02 +0200
Re: New directions in C Malcolm McLean <malcolm.mclean5@btinternet.com> - 2015-04-11 06:44 -0700
Re: New directions in C David Brown <david.brown@hesbynett.no> - 2015-04-12 16:53 +0200
Re: New directions in C Morris Dovey <mrdovey@iedu.com> - 2015-04-11 10:01 -0500
Re: New directions in C Malcolm McLean <malcolm.mclean5@btinternet.com> - 2015-04-11 09:23 -0700
Re: New directions in C Richard Damon <Richard@Damon-Family.org> - 2015-04-11 13:53 -0400
Re: New directions in C Morris Dovey <mrdovey@iedu.com> - 2015-04-12 02:08 -0500
Re: New directions in C Malcolm McLean <malcolm.mclean5@btinternet.com> - 2015-04-12 03:02 -0700
Re: New directions in C Richard Damon <Richard@Damon-Family.org> - 2015-04-12 17:07 -0400
Re: New directions in C Malcolm McLean <malcolm.mclean5@btinternet.com> - 2015-04-13 01:59 -0700
Re: New directions in C Richard Damon <Richard@Damon-Family.org> - 2015-04-13 08:13 -0400
Re: New directions in C Malcolm McLean <malcolm.mclean5@btinternet.com> - 2015-04-13 06:50 -0700
Re: New directions in C Richard Damon <Richard@Damon-Family.org> - 2015-04-15 09:12 -0400
Re: New directions in C Malcolm McLean <malcolm.mclean5@btinternet.com> - 2015-04-15 07:33 -0700
Re: New directions in C Richard Damon <Richard@Damon-Family.org> - 2015-04-16 22:03 -0400
Re: New directions in C Malcolm McLean <malcolm.mclean5@btinternet.com> - 2015-04-17 04:00 -0700
Re: New directions in C Richard Damon <Richard@Damon-Family.org> - 2015-04-18 17:26 -0400
Re: New directions in C Malcolm McLean <malcolm.mclean5@btinternet.com> - 2015-04-19 09:46 -0700
Re: New directions in C raltbos@xs4all.nl (Richard Bos) - 2015-04-19 14:38 +0000
Re: New directions in C raltbos@xs4all.nl (Richard Bos) - 2015-04-19 14:16 +0000
Re: New directions in C Richard Damon <Richard@Damon-Family.org> - 2015-04-11 11:57 -0400
Re: New directions in C Richard Damon <Richard@Damon-Family.org> - 2015-04-08 08:36 -0400
Re: New directions in C David Brown <david.brown@hesbynett.no> - 2015-04-08 15:01 +0200
Re: New directions in C Morris Dovey <mrdovey@iedu.com> - 2015-04-07 04:58 -0500
Re: New directions in C Richard Heathfield <rjh@cpax.org.uk> - 2015-04-07 11:16 +0100
Re: New directions in C David Brown <david.brown@hesbynett.no> - 2015-04-07 13:30 +0200
Re: New directions in C Bartc <bc@freeuk.com> - 2015-04-07 12:03 +0100
Re: New directions in C Morris Dovey <mrdovey@iedu.com> - 2015-04-07 11:32 -0500
Re: New directions in C glen herrmannsfeldt <gah@ugcs.caltech.edu> - 2015-04-07 17:12 +0000
Re: New directions in C jacob navia <jacob@jacob.remcomp.fr> - 2015-03-29 19:41 +0200
Re: New directions in C Kaz Kylheku <kaz@kylheku.com> - 2015-03-29 18:21 +0000
Re: New directions in C Richard Heathfield <rjh@cpax.org.uk> - 2015-03-29 21:29 +0100
Re: New directions in C Malcolm McLean <malcolm.mclean5@btinternet.com> - 2015-03-29 14:26 -0700
Re: New directions in C Les Cargill <lcargill99@comcast.com> - 2015-03-29 19:10 -0500
Re: New directions in C raltbos@xs4all.nl (Richard Bos) - 2015-03-30 09:48 +0000
Re: New directions in C jacob navia <jacob@jacob.remcomp.fr> - 2015-03-30 13:14 +0200
Re: New directions in C raltbos@xs4all.nl (Richard Bos) - 2015-04-06 12:39 +0000
Re: New directions in C fir <profesor.fir@gmail.com> - 2015-03-29 10:53 -0700
Re: New directions in C Michael Angelo Ravera <maravera@prodigy.net> - 2015-04-09 18:17 -0700
Re: New directions in C fir <profesor.fir@gmail.com> - 2015-04-10 01:08 -0700
Re: New directions in C fir <profesor.fir@gmail.com> - 2015-04-11 17:44 -0700
Re: New directions in C Malcolm McLean <malcolm.mclean5@btinternet.com> - 2015-04-10 02:06 -0700
Re: New directions in C Bartc <bc@freeuk.com> - 2015-04-10 10:21 +0100
Re: New directions in C Richard Heathfield <rjh@cpax.org.uk> - 2015-04-10 10:31 +0100
Re: New directions in C Bartc <bc@freeuk.com> - 2015-04-10 11:26 +0100
Re: New directions in C Richard Heathfield <rjh@cpax.org.uk> - 2015-04-10 11:53 +0100
Re: New directions in C Bartc <bc@freeuk.com> - 2015-04-10 12:22 +0100
Re: New directions in C Richard Heathfield <rjh@cpax.org.uk> - 2015-04-10 12:46 +0100
Re: New directions in C Bartc <bc@freeuk.com> - 2015-04-10 13:46 +0100
Re: New directions in C Richard Heathfield <rjh@cpax.org.uk> - 2015-04-10 13:51 +0100
Re: New directions in C Steve Thompson <stevet810@gmail.com> - 2015-04-10 18:54 +0000
Re: New directions in C fir <profesor.fir@gmail.com> - 2015-04-10 13:11 -0700
Re: New directions in C fir <profesor.fir@gmail.com> - 2015-04-10 14:10 -0700
Re: New directions in C Steve Thompson <stevet810@gmail.com> - 2015-04-11 17:46 +0000
Re: New directions in C Bartc <bc@freeuk.com> - 2015-04-11 23:38 +0100
Re: New directions in C fir <profesor.fir@gmail.com> - 2015-04-11 16:35 -0700
Re: New directions in C fir <profesor.fir@gmail.com> - 2015-04-11 17:19 -0700
Re: New directions in C fir <profesor.fir@gmail.com> - 2015-04-12 00:54 -0700
Re: New directions in C fir <profesor.fir@gmail.com> - 2015-04-12 01:29 -0700
Re: New directions in C fir <profesor.fir@gmail.com> - 2015-04-11 17:32 -0700
Re: New directions in C Steve Thompson <stevet810@gmail.com> - 2015-04-11 23:33 +0000
Re: New directions in C Reinhardt Behm <rbehm@hushmail.com> - 2015-04-10 09:23 -0300
Re: New directions in C Richard Heathfield <rjh@cpax.org.uk> - 2015-04-10 13:31 +0100
Re: New directions in C Robert Wessel <robertwessel2@yahoo.com> - 2015-04-10 13:29 -0500
Re: New directions in C fir <profesor.fir@gmail.com> - 2015-04-10 12:12 -0700
Re: New directions in C Keith Thompson <kst-u@mib.org> - 2015-04-10 13:46 -0700
Re: New directions in C Robert Wessel <robertwessel2@yahoo.com> - 2015-04-10 18:30 -0500
Re: New directions in C Keith Thompson <kst-u@mib.org> - 2015-04-11 12:21 -0700
Re: New directions in C Robert Wessel <robertwessel2@yahoo.com> - 2015-04-12 01:01 -0500
Re: New directions in C Keith Thompson <kst-u@mib.org> - 2015-04-12 13:03 -0700
Re: New directions in C Bartc <bc@freeuk.com> - 2015-04-12 23:29 +0100
Re: New directions in C Keith Thompson <kst-u@mib.org> - 2015-04-12 18:54 -0700
Re: New directions in C Robert Wessel <robertwessel2@yahoo.com> - 2015-04-13 00:52 -0500
Re: New directions in C James Kuyper <jameskuyper@verizon.net> - 2015-04-13 08:39 -0400
Re: New directions in C Robert Wessel <robertwessel2@yahoo.com> - 2015-04-14 02:44 -0500
Re: New directions in C jacob navia <jacob@spamsink.net> - 2015-03-17 15:02 +0100
Re: New directions in C jacob navia <jacob@spamsink.net> - 2015-03-17 15:07 +0100
Re: New directions in C David Brown <david.brown@hesbynett.no> - 2015-03-17 16:09 +0100
Re: New directions in C raltbos@xs4all.nl (Richard Bos) - 2015-03-21 22:19 +0000
Re: New directions in C Richard Heathfield <rjh@cpax.org.uk> - 2015-03-16 18:05 +0000
Re: New directions in C Ian Collins <ian-news@hotmail.com> - 2015-03-17 15:55 +1300
Re: New directions in C Richard Heathfield <rjh@cpax.org.uk> - 2015-03-17 08:48 +0000
Re: New directions in C Malcolm McLean <malcolm.mclean5@btinternet.com> - 2015-03-17 03:01 -0700
Re: New directions in C Richard Heathfield <rjh@cpax.org.uk> - 2015-03-17 10:32 +0000
Re: New directions in C Malcolm McLean <malcolm.mclean5@btinternet.com> - 2015-03-18 01:32 -0700
Re: New directions in C Ian Collins <ian-news@hotmail.com> - 2015-03-18 21:33 +1300
Re: New directions in C Richard Heathfield <rjh@cpax.org.uk> - 2015-03-18 08:55 +0000
Re: New directions in C Ian Collins <ian-news@hotmail.com> - 2015-03-18 22:13 +1300
Re: New directions in C Ian Collins <ian-news@hotmail.com> - 2015-03-18 21:31 +1300
Re: New directions in C fir <profesor.fir@gmail.com> - 2015-03-16 09:35 -0700
Re: New directions in C fir <profesor.fir@gmail.com> - 2015-03-16 09:49 -0700
Re: New directions in C Lőrinczy Zsigmond <zsiga@nospam.for.me> - 2015-03-16 10:07 +0100
Re: New directions in C jacob navia <jacob@spamsink.net> - 2015-03-16 10:51 +0100
Re: New directions in C Richard Heathfield <rjh@cpax.org.uk> - 2015-03-16 10:25 +0000
Re: New directions in C Bartc <bc@freeuk.com> - 2015-03-16 11:32 +0000
Re: New directions in C David Brown <david.brown@hesbynett.no> - 2015-03-16 13:06 +0100
Re: New directions in C Malcolm McLean <malcolm.mclean5@btinternet.com> - 2015-03-16 05:35 -0700
Re: New directions in C raltbos@xs4all.nl (Richard Bos) - 2015-03-16 13:46 +0000
Re: New directions in C Kaz Kylheku <kaz@kylheku.com> - 2015-03-16 17:07 +0000
Re: New directions in C Malcolm McLean <malcolm.mclean5@btinternet.com> - 2015-03-16 10:19 -0700
Re: New directions in C Ian Collins <ian-news@hotmail.com> - 2015-03-17 16:37 +1300
Re: New directions in C Malcolm McLean <malcolm.mclean5@btinternet.com> - 2015-03-16 05:42 -0700
Re: New directions in C raltbos@xs4all.nl (Richard Bos) - 2015-03-16 10:55 +0000
Re: New directions in C fir <profesor.fir@gmail.com> - 2015-03-16 09:41 -0700
Re: New directions in C fir <profesor.fir@gmail.com> - 2015-03-18 08:29 -0700
csiph-web