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Groups > comp.lang.c++ > #69594
| From | Manfred <noname@add.invalid> |
|---|---|
| Newsgroups | comp.lang.c++ |
| Subject | Re: two's complement idea |
| Date | 2019-11-06 15:38 +0100 |
| Organization | Aioe.org NNTP Server |
| Message-ID | <qpult3$a44$1@gioia.aioe.org> (permalink) |
| References | (5 earlier) <qps1q0$a0a$1@dont-email.me> <qps668$s0h$1@news.albasani.net> <qpsjg8$srn$1@dont-email.me> <qpuej0$16e1$1@gioia.aioe.org> <qpuia9$u6s$1@dont-email.me> |
On 11/6/2019 2:37 PM, David Brown wrote:
> On 06/11/2019 13:33, Manfred wrote:
>> On 11/5/2019 8:45 PM, Paavo Helde wrote:
>>> On 5.11.2019 17:58, Bonita Montero wrote:
>>>>
>>>> With the same reasoning you could say that unsigneds might never
>>>> wrap; but in fact they're specified to wrap.
>>>
>>> In retrospect, this (wrapping unsigneds) looks like a major design
>>> mistake.
>>
>> No, it isn't.
>>
>>>
>>> IMO, wrapping integers (signed or unsigned) are an example of
>>> "optimization which nobody asked for", and they are there basically
>>> only because the hardware happened to support such operations.
>>>
>>
>> Look at the following code and see for yourself how efficient it is to
>> check for integer overflow if unsigned integers do wrap.
>> Achieving the same would be much more verbose (and less efficient) if
>> unsigned overflow were not defined behavior.
>>
>> (taken from http://www.open-std.org/jtc1/sc22/wg14/www/docs/n1969.htm)
>>
>> char* make_pathname (const char *dir, const char *fname, const char *ext)
>> {
>> size_t dirlen = strlen (dir);
>> size_t filelen = strlen (fname);
>> size_t extlen = strlen (ext);
>>
>> size_t pathlen = dirlen;
>>
>> // detect and handle integer wrapping
>> if ( (pathlen += filelen) < filelen
>> || (pathlen += extlen) < extlen
>> || (pathlen += 3) < 3)
>> return 0;
>
> That is just silly, in all sorts of ways.
You realize that this comes from the glibc maintainers, don't you?
You can say they wrote silly code for this example (I don't), but I
doubt there are many more knowledgeable people about this kind of matter
than them.
Moreover, I took this as an example of detection of integer overflow.
The fact that it happens to be about pathname strings is irrelevant to
this discussion.
>
> First, decide if the function is an "internal" function where you can
> trust the parameters, and have undefined behaviour if assumptions don't
> hold, or an "external" function where you have to check the validity of
> the parameters.
This example was written about code safety, so yes, I believe it is
pretty clear the assumption is that strings come from an external source.
Obviously this applies to string /contents/; the pointer themselves can
only be internal to the program (can't they?), so no need to check for
null pointer.
On the other hand, contents of the string is checked by ensuring that
the result of strlen and their combination is valid. This is ensured
/exactly/ by making use of unsigned wrapping behavior.
>
> If it is internal, you know the lengths of the passed strings will not
> sum to more than 4G - or you don't care if someone does something
> ridiculous. (And on most modern systems, size_t is 64-bit - overflowing
> here would require 16 EB ram for storing the strings.)
>
> If it is external, the checking is too little - if you have char*
> pointers from an unknown source, you should be wary about running
> strlen() on them because you don't know if it will actually end with a 0
> in a reasonable limit.
This code handles C strings, so there is no way to check for their
length other than running strlen.
The fact that you seem to miss is that it is exactly thanks to the check
that you call "silly" that it is ensured that they "actually end with a
0 in a reasonable limit".
We could argue about what happens with /read/ access to a
non-0-terminated string, but I would simply assume that the strings are
0 terminated, since the function is going to be called by some other
part of the program that can take care that there is a 0 at the end of
the buffer. What is not guaranteed is that the strings actually contain
pathnames, and don't contain very long malicious text instead (e.g. they
could come from stdin).
That risk is avoided by the code you call silly.
So, no there is not too little checking.
>
>
> You only need to check for overflow if it is possible for the
> calculations to overflow. If the operands are too small to cause an
> overflow, there will not be an overflow.
>
> And until you are talking about large integers for cryptography or that
> sort of thing, adding up realistic numbers will not overflow a 64-bit type.
In fact cryptography is another example where unsigned wrap is useful,
but it would be much more complex (and off topic) to draw an example of
this (not that I claim to be an expert in this area)
And no, just assuming that "adding up realistic numbers will not
overflow a 64-bit type" is not what safe code is about.
>
> So /if/ you have an old 32-bit size_t system, and /if/ you have
> maliciously crafted parameters that point to huge strings (and you'll
> have to make them point within the same string - you don't get over 4 GB
> user memory address space with 32-bit size_t), then you can do your
> adding up using 64-bit types and you get zero risk of overflow.
>
>
> uint_least64_t dirlen = strlen (dir);
> uint_least64_t filelen = strlen (fname);
> uint_least64_t extlen = strlen (ext);
>
> uint_least64_t pathlen = dirlen + filelen + extlen;
>
> if (big_size_t > MAX_SANE_PATHLENGTH) return 0;
You realize that this code is less efficient than the original one,
don't you?
And what would be the correct value for MAX_SANE_PATHLENGTH? Are you
aware of the trouble that has been caused by Windows MAX_PATH?
The example I posted achieves the same level of safety, using less
resources, and allowing for the maximum string length that the system
can /safely/ handle (don't miss the check after malloc). What more do
you want?
>
>
> There are times when unsigned wrapping overflow is useful. This is not
> one of them.
>
I suggest you read the code again (and its source - it is instructive)
Back to comp.lang.c++ | Previous | Next — Previous in thread | Next in thread | Find similar | Unroll thread
two's complement idea Bonita Montero <Bonita.Montero@gmail.com> - 2019-11-04 20:48 +0100
Re: two's complement idea Bonita Montero <Bonita.Montero@gmail.com> - 2019-11-04 21:19 +0100
Re: two's complement idea Öö Tiib <ootiib@hot.ee> - 2019-11-04 14:39 -0800
Re: two's complement idea David Brown <david.brown@hesbynett.no> - 2019-11-05 10:31 +0100
Re: two's complement idea Bonita Montero <Bonita.Montero@gmail.com> - 2019-11-05 11:23 +0100
Re: two's complement idea David Brown <david.brown@hesbynett.no> - 2019-11-05 15:43 +0100
Re: two's complement idea Bonita Montero <Bonita.Montero@gmail.com> - 2019-11-05 16:58 +0100
Re: two's complement idea Paavo Helde <myfirstname@osa.pri.ee> - 2019-11-05 21:45 +0200
Re: two's complement idea Manfred <noname@add.invalid> - 2019-11-06 13:33 +0100
Re: two's complement idea Bonita Montero <Bonita.Montero@gmail.com> - 2019-11-06 13:51 +0100
Re: two's complement idea David Brown <david.brown@hesbynett.no> - 2019-11-06 14:37 +0100
Re: two's complement idea Manfred <noname@add.invalid> - 2019-11-06 15:38 +0100
Re: two's complement idea Bonita Montero <Bonita.Montero@gmail.com> - 2019-11-06 15:53 +0100
Re: two's complement idea James Kuyper <jameskuyper@alumni.caltech.edu> - 2019-11-06 10:06 -0500
Re: two's complement idea "Alf P. Steinbach" <alf.p.steinbach+usenet@gmail.com> - 2019-11-06 17:00 +0100
Re: two's complement idea Manfred <noname@add.invalid> - 2019-11-06 17:47 +0100
Re: two's complement idea Bonita Montero <Bonita.Montero@gmail.com> - 2019-11-06 17:54 +0100
Re: two's complement idea Bo Persson <bo@bo-persson.se> - 2019-11-06 20:00 +0100
Re: two's complement idea Bonita Montero <Bonita.Montero@gmail.com> - 2019-11-06 20:13 +0100
Re: two's complement idea David Brown <david.brown@hesbynett.no> - 2019-11-06 20:44 +0100
Re: two's complement idea David Brown <david.brown@hesbynett.no> - 2019-11-06 20:36 +0100
Re: two's complement idea Manfred <noname@add.invalid> - 2019-11-06 22:54 +0100
Re: two's complement idea David Brown <david.brown@hesbynett.no> - 2019-11-07 00:52 +0100
Re: two's complement idea Paavo Helde <myfirstname@osa.pri.ee> - 2019-11-06 17:54 +0200
Re: two's complement idea Manfred <noname@add.invalid> - 2019-11-06 18:15 +0100
Re: two's complement idea Bonita Montero <Bonita.Montero@gmail.com> - 2019-11-06 18:33 +0100
Re: two's complement idea Öö Tiib <ootiib@hot.ee> - 2019-11-06 10:55 -0800
Re: two's complement idea Bonita Montero <Bonita.Montero@gmail.com> - 2019-11-06 20:15 +0100
Re: two's complement idea Manfred <noname@add.invalid> - 2019-11-06 20:53 +0100
Re: two's complement idea Paavo Helde <myfirstname@osa.pri.ee> - 2019-11-06 22:25 +0200
Re: two's complement idea Manfred <noname@add.invalid> - 2019-11-06 23:05 +0100
Re: two's complement idea Paavo Helde <myfirstname@osa.pri.ee> - 2019-11-07 10:23 +0200
Re: two's complement idea David Brown <david.brown@hesbynett.no> - 2019-11-06 22:20 +0100
Re: two's complement idea Paavo Helde <myfirstname@osa.pri.ee> - 2019-11-06 22:12 +0200
Re: two's complement idea Tim Rentsch <tr.17687@z991.linuxsc.com> - 2019-11-09 06:24 -0800
Re: two's complement idea Siri Cruise <chine.bleu@yahoo.com> - 2019-11-09 07:14 -0700
Re: two's complement idea David Brown <david.brown@hesbynett.no> - 2019-11-10 11:52 +0100
Re: two's complement idea Paavo Helde <myfirstname@osa.pri.ee> - 2019-11-10 16:31 +0200
Re: two's complement idea Manfred <noname@invalid.add> - 2019-11-10 19:02 +0100
Re: two's complement idea Paavo Helde <myfirstname@osa.pri.ee> - 2019-11-11 12:08 +0200
Re: two's complement idea scott@slp53.sl.home (Scott Lurndal) - 2019-11-11 13:59 +0000
Re: two's complement idea Paavo Helde <myfirstname@osa.pri.ee> - 2019-11-11 17:09 +0200
Re: two's complement idea Richard Damon <Richard@Damon-Family.org> - 2019-11-18 07:40 -0500
Re: two's complement idea Tim Rentsch <tr.17687@z991.linuxsc.com> - 2019-11-28 12:27 -0800
Re: two's complement idea cdalten@gmail.com - 2020-01-24 05:39 -0800
Re: two's complement idea Paavo Helde <myfirstname@osa.pri.ee> - 2020-01-24 17:53 +0200
Re: two's complement idea Jorgen Grahn <grahn+nntp@snipabacken.se> - 2020-01-24 17:31 +0000
Re: two's complement idea David Brown <david.brown@hesbynett.no> - 2019-11-05 21:48 +0100
Re: two's complement idea Bonita Montero <Bonita.Montero@gmail.com> - 2019-11-06 07:08 +0100
Re: two's complement idea David Brown <david.brown@hesbynett.no> - 2019-11-06 09:30 +0100
Re: two's complement idea Bonita Montero <Bonita.Montero@gmail.com> - 2019-11-06 09:57 +0100
Re: two's complement idea Öö Tiib <ootiib@hot.ee> - 2019-11-05 09:02 -0800
Re: two's complement idea scott@slp53.sl.home (Scott Lurndal) - 2019-11-05 17:15 +0000
Re: two's complement idea Öö Tiib <ootiib@hot.ee> - 2019-11-05 10:19 -0800
Re: two's complement idea Manfred <noname@invalid.add> - 2019-11-05 19:31 +0100
Re: two's complement idea Öö Tiib <ootiib@hot.ee> - 2019-11-05 11:55 -0800
Re: two's complement idea Manfred <noname@add.invalid> - 2019-11-05 22:48 +0100
Re: two's complement idea Öö Tiib <ootiib@hot.ee> - 2019-11-05 15:49 -0800
Re: two's complement idea Tim Rentsch <tr.17687@z991.linuxsc.com> - 2019-11-09 06:13 -0800
Re: two's complement idea Manfred <noname@invalid.add> - 2019-11-10 18:37 +0100
Re: two's complement idea David Brown <david.brown@hesbynett.no> - 2019-11-05 23:14 +0100
Re: two's complement idea David Brown <david.brown@hesbynett.no> - 2019-11-05 23:00 +0100
Re: two's complement idea Öö Tiib <ootiib@hot.ee> - 2019-11-06 05:26 -0800
Re: two's complement idea David Brown <david.brown@hesbynett.no> - 2019-11-06 21:50 +0100
Re: two's complement idea Öö Tiib <ootiib@hot.ee> - 2019-11-08 02:01 -0800
Re: two's complement idea David Brown <david.brown@hesbynett.no> - 2019-11-08 14:03 +0100
Re: two's complement idea Öö Tiib <ootiib@hot.ee> - 2019-11-08 12:08 -0800
Re: two's complement idea David Brown <david.brown@hesbynett.no> - 2019-11-10 13:17 +0100
Re: two's complement idea "Alf P. Steinbach" <alf.p.steinbach+usenet@gmail.com> - 2019-11-10 14:37 +0100
Re: two's complement idea David Brown <david.brown@hesbynett.no> - 2019-11-10 17:08 +0100
Re: two's complement idea Manfred <noname@invalid.add> - 2019-11-10 18:34 +0100
Re: two's complement idea Ian Collins <ian-news@hotmail.com> - 2019-11-11 07:48 +1300
Re: two's complement idea David Brown <david.brown@hesbynett.no> - 2019-11-10 21:31 +0100
Re: two's complement idea Bo Persson <bo@bo-persson.se> - 2019-11-04 23:55 +0100
Re: two's complement idea David Brown <david.brown@hesbynett.no> - 2019-11-05 10:32 +0100
Re: two's complement idea Siri Cruise <chine.bleu@yahoo.com> - 2019-11-04 19:55 -0700
Re: two's complement idea "Alf P. Steinbach" <alf.p.steinbach+usenet@gmail.com> - 2019-11-05 05:52 +0100
Re: two's complement idea Ian Collins <ian-news@hotmail.com> - 2019-11-05 18:17 +1300
Re: two's complement idea Tim Rentsch <tr.17687@z991.linuxsc.com> - 2019-11-09 05:55 -0800
Re: two's complement idea Siri Cruise <chine.bleu@yahoo.com> - 2019-11-09 06:33 -0700
Re: two's complement idea Öö Tiib <ootiib@hot.ee> - 2019-11-09 07:46 -0800
Re: two's complement idea Öö Tiib <ootiib@hot.ee> - 2019-11-09 06:46 -0800
Re: two's complement idea Tim Rentsch <tr.17687@z991.linuxsc.com> - 2019-11-28 12:19 -0800
Re: two's complement idea "Alf P. Steinbach" <alf.p.steinbach+usenet@gmail.com> - 2019-11-29 00:14 +0100
Re: two's complement idea David Brown <david.brown@hesbynett.no> - 2019-11-29 09:15 +0100
Re: two's complement idea Bo Persson <bo@bo-persson.se> - 2019-11-29 10:58 +0100
Re: two's complement idea David Brown <david.brown@hesbynett.no> - 2019-11-29 12:49 +0100
Re: two's complement idea Tim Rentsch <tr.17687@z991.linuxsc.com> - 2019-12-07 07:53 -0800
Re: two's complement idea Öö Tiib <ootiib@hot.ee> - 2019-12-07 08:22 -0800
Re: two's complement idea Tim Rentsch <tr.17687@z991.linuxsc.com> - 2020-01-10 20:44 -0800
Re: two's complement idea Öö Tiib <ootiib@hot.ee> - 2020-01-10 23:44 -0800
Re: two's complement idea Tim Rentsch <tr.17687@z991.linuxsc.com> - 2020-01-14 07:08 -0800
Re: two's complement idea Öö Tiib <ootiib@hot.ee> - 2020-01-14 08:42 -0800
Re: two's complement idea Tim Rentsch <tr.17687@z991.linuxsc.com> - 2020-01-21 02:09 -0800
Re: two's complement idea James Kuyper <jameskuyper@alumni.caltech.edu> - 2020-01-21 05:14 -0800
Re: two's complement idea Daniel <danielaparker@gmail.com> - 2020-01-21 13:08 -0800
Re: two's complement idea James Kuyper <jameskuyper@alumni.caltech.edu> - 2020-01-22 00:07 -0500
Re: two's complement idea Öö Tiib <ootiib@hot.ee> - 2020-01-21 23:21 -0800
Re: two's complement idea Keith Thompson <Keith.S.Thompson+u@gmail.com> - 2020-01-22 01:51 -0800
Re: two's complement idea David Brown <david.brown@hesbynett.no> - 2020-01-22 11:28 +0100
Re: two's complement idea Bonita Montero <Bonita.Montero@gmail.com> - 2020-01-22 11:52 +0100
Re: two's complement idea Öö Tiib <ootiib@hot.ee> - 2020-01-22 04:47 -0800
Re: two's complement idea Tim Rentsch <tr.17687@z991.linuxsc.com> - 2020-04-02 07:19 -0700
Re: two's complement idea James Kuyper <jameskuyper@alumni.caltech.edu> - 2020-04-02 08:07 -0700
Re: two's complement idea boltar@nowhere.org - 2020-01-21 16:44 +0000
Re: two's complement idea Jorgen Grahn <grahn+nntp@snipabacken.se> - 2020-01-21 20:01 +0000
Re: two's complement idea boltar@nowhere.org - 2020-01-22 11:26 +0000
Re: two's complement idea Christian Gollwitzer <auriocus@gmx.de> - 2020-01-22 20:04 +0100
Re: two's complement idea Keith Thompson <Keith.S.Thompson+u@gmail.com> - 2020-01-22 11:30 -0800
Re: two's complement idea Chris Vine <chris@cvine--nospam--.freeserve.co.uk> - 2020-01-22 19:57 +0000
Re: two's complement idea Ian Collins <ian-news@hotmail.com> - 2020-01-23 10:03 +1300
Re: two's complement idea boltar@nowhere.org - 2020-01-23 09:24 +0000
Re: two's complement idea Ian Collins <ian-news@hotmail.com> - 2020-01-24 07:29 +1300
Re: two's complement idea Ian Collins <ian-news@hotmail.com> - 2020-01-23 10:03 +1300
Re: two's complement idea "Fred. Zwarts" <F.Zwarts@KVI.nl> - 2020-01-23 10:09 +0100
Re: two's complement idea boltar@nowhere.org - 2020-01-23 09:29 +0000
Re: two's complement idea Bart <bc@freeuk.com> - 2020-01-24 01:08 +0000
Re: two's complement idea boltar@nowhere.org - 2020-01-24 12:27 +0000
Re: two's complement idea Bart <bc@freeuk.com> - 2020-01-24 01:06 +0000
Re: two's complement idea Bo Persson <bo@bo-persson.se> - 2020-01-24 10:07 +0100
Re: two's complement idea Paavo Helde <myfirstname@osa.pri.ee> - 2020-01-24 11:36 +0200
Re: two's complement idea Öö Tiib <ootiib@hot.ee> - 2020-01-24 17:34 -0800
Re: two's complement idea Siri Cruise <chine.bleu@yahoo.com> - 2020-01-24 17:57 -0800
Re: two's complement idea Bart <bc@freeuk.com> - 2020-01-24 12:19 +0000
Re: two's complement idea Bo Persson <bo@bo-persson.se> - 2020-01-24 14:19 +0100
Re: two's complement idea Bart <bc@freeuk.com> - 2020-01-24 14:11 +0000
Re: two's complement idea Jorgen Grahn <grahn+nntp@snipabacken.se> - 2020-01-24 17:26 +0000
Re: two's complement idea Bart <bc@freeuk.com> - 2020-01-24 17:35 +0000
Re: two's complement idea Paavo Helde <myfirstname@osa.pri.ee> - 2020-01-24 22:27 +0200
Re: two's complement idea James Kuyper <jameskuyper@alumni.caltech.edu> - 2020-01-24 23:21 -0500
Re: two's complement idea Ian Collins <ian-news@hotmail.com> - 2020-01-25 11:06 +1300
Re: two's complement idea Jorgen Grahn <grahn+nntp@snipabacken.se> - 2020-01-24 22:12 +0000
Re: two's complement idea James Kuyper <jameskuyper@alumni.caltech.edu> - 2020-01-24 23:24 -0500
Re: two's complement idea Jorgen Grahn <grahn+nntp@snipabacken.se> - 2020-01-25 09:04 +0000
Re: two's complement idea Öö Tiib <ootiib@hot.ee> - 2020-01-25 04:15 -0800
Re: two's complement idea David Brown <david.brown@hesbynett.no> - 2020-01-25 19:55 +0100
Re: two's complement idea David Brown <david.brown@hesbynett.no> - 2020-01-25 00:05 +0100
Re: two's complement idea Bart <bc@freeuk.com> - 2020-01-25 01:19 +0000
Re: two's complement idea Ian Collins <ian-news@hotmail.com> - 2020-01-25 19:50 +1300
Re: two's complement idea Bart <bc@freeuk.com> - 2020-01-25 11:57 +0000
Re: two's complement idea Chris Vine <chris@cvine--nospam--.freeserve.co.uk> - 2020-01-25 13:42 +0000
Re: two's complement idea Bart <bc@freeuk.com> - 2020-01-25 14:58 +0000
Re: two's complement idea Ian Collins <ian-news@hotmail.com> - 2020-01-26 07:58 +1300
Re: two's complement idea David Brown <david.brown@hesbynett.no> - 2020-01-25 20:34 +0100
Re: two's complement idea Öö Tiib <ootiib@hot.ee> - 2020-01-25 12:41 -0800
Re: two's complement idea Paavo Helde <myfirstname@osa.pri.ee> - 2020-01-26 16:08 +0200
Re: two's complement idea Tim Rentsch <tr.17687@z991.linuxsc.com> - 2020-01-27 02:20 -0800
Re: two's complement idea Paavo Helde <myfirstname@osa.pri.ee> - 2020-01-27 15:03 +0200
Re: two's complement idea Tim Rentsch <tr.17687@z991.linuxsc.com> - 2020-02-15 06:44 -0800
Re: two's complement idea Paavo Helde <myfirstname@osa.pri.ee> - 2020-03-06 10:18 +0200
Re: two's complement idea Tim Rentsch <tr.17687@z991.linuxsc.com> - 2020-04-02 07:05 -0700
Re: two's complement idea Paavo Helde <myfirstname@osa.pri.ee> - 2020-04-02 20:03 +0300
Re: two's complement idea Tim Rentsch <tr.17687@z991.linuxsc.com> - 2020-04-04 12:37 -0700
Re: two's complement idea Ian Collins <ian-news@hotmail.com> - 2020-01-26 07:45 +1300
Re: two's complement idea Bart <bc@freeuk.com> - 2020-01-25 19:56 +0000
Re: two's complement idea Ian Collins <ian-news@hotmail.com> - 2020-01-26 09:49 +1300
Re: two's complement idea Bart <bc@freeuk.com> - 2020-01-25 21:33 +0000
Re: two's complement idea Ian Collins <ian-news@hotmail.com> - 2020-01-26 11:00 +1300
Re: two's complement idea Bart <bc@freeuk.com> - 2020-01-25 22:23 +0000
Re: two's complement idea Ian Collins <ian-news@hotmail.com> - 2020-01-26 11:46 +1300
Re: two's complement idea Paavo Helde <myfirstname@osa.pri.ee> - 2020-01-26 10:55 +0200
Re: two's complement idea Öö Tiib <ootiib@hot.ee> - 2020-01-26 03:47 -0800
Re: two's complement idea Tim Rentsch <tr.17687@z991.linuxsc.com> - 2020-01-27 01:28 -0800
Re: two's complement idea Jorgen Grahn <grahn+nntp@snipabacken.se> - 2020-01-25 22:22 +0000
Re: two's complement idea James Kuyper <jameskuyper@alumni.caltech.edu> - 2020-01-25 18:24 -0500
Re: two's complement idea David Brown <david.brown@hesbynett.no> - 2020-01-26 12:54 +0100
Re: two's complement idea Bart <bc@freeuk.com> - 2020-01-26 12:44 +0000
Re: two's complement idea David Brown <david.brown@hesbynett.no> - 2020-01-26 14:58 +0100
Re: two's complement idea Bart <bc@freeuk.com> - 2020-01-26 14:53 +0000
Re: two's complement idea David Brown <david.brown@hesbynett.no> - 2020-01-26 19:10 +0100
Re: two's complement idea Robert Wessel <robertwessel2@yahoo.com> - 2020-01-26 13:20 -0600
Re: two's complement idea Bart <bc@freeuk.com> - 2020-01-26 20:51 +0000
Re: two's complement idea Robert Wessel <robertwessel2@yahoo.com> - 2020-01-26 21:02 -0600
Re: two's complement idea Keith Thompson <Keith.S.Thompson+u@gmail.com> - 2020-01-26 19:06 -0800
Re: two's complement idea Bart <bc@freeuk.com> - 2020-01-27 18:50 +0000
Re: two's complement idea Robert Wessel <robertwessel2@yahoo.com> - 2020-01-27 14:18 -0600
Re: two's complement idea David Brown <david.brown@hesbynett.no> - 2020-01-27 22:13 +0100
Re: two's complement idea Bart <bc@freeuk.com> - 2020-01-27 21:38 +0000
Re: two's complement idea Robert Wessel <robertwessel2@yahoo.com> - 2020-01-27 19:37 -0600
Re: two's complement idea Keith Thompson <Keith.S.Thompson+u@gmail.com> - 2020-01-27 19:15 -0800
Re: two's complement idea "Fred. Zwarts" <F.Zwarts@KVI.nl> - 2020-01-28 11:45 +0100
Re: two's complement idea Ian Collins <ian-news@hotmail.com> - 2020-01-27 16:31 +1300
Re: two's complement idea Manfred <noname@add.invalid> - 2020-01-26 18:50 +0100
Re: two's complement idea Jorgen Grahn <grahn+nntp@snipabacken.se> - 2020-01-26 18:57 +0000
Re: two's complement idea David Brown <david.brown@hesbynett.no> - 2020-01-26 20:46 +0100
Re: two's complement idea Robert Wessel <robertwessel2@yahoo.com> - 2020-01-26 13:14 -0600
Re: two's complement idea David Brown <david.brown@hesbynett.no> - 2020-01-26 22:15 +0100
Re: two's complement idea Robert Wessel <robertwessel2@yahoo.com> - 2020-01-27 21:06 -0600
Re: two's complement idea David Brown <david.brown@hesbynett.no> - 2020-01-28 13:08 +0100
Re: two's complement idea Tim Rentsch <tr.17687@z991.linuxsc.com> - 2020-01-27 01:50 -0800
Re: two's complement idea Ian Collins <ian-news@hotmail.com> - 2020-01-27 08:21 +1300
Re: two's complement idea David Brown <david.brown@hesbynett.no> - 2020-01-25 20:14 +0100
Re: two's complement idea David Brown <david.brown@hesbynett.no> - 2020-01-25 20:12 +0100
Re: two's complement idea Tim Rentsch <tr.17687@z991.linuxsc.com> - 2020-01-27 07:48 -0800
Re: two's complement idea Bonita Montero <Bonita.Montero@gmail.com> - 2020-02-18 18:46 +0100
Re: two's complement idea Bonita Montero <Bonita.Montero@gmail.com> - 2019-11-09 17:03 +0100
Re: two's complement idea Bonita Montero <Bonita.Montero@gmail.com> - 2019-11-05 06:56 +0100
Re: two's complement idea Christian Gollwitzer <auriocus@gmx.de> - 2019-11-05 08:24 +0100
Re: two's complement idea Bonita Montero <Bonita.Montero@gmail.com> - 2019-11-05 08:35 +0100
Re: two's complement idea Öö Tiib <ootiib@hot.ee> - 2019-11-04 23:36 -0800
Re: two's complement idea James Kuyper <jameskuyper@alumni.caltech.edu> - 2019-11-05 09:19 -0500
Re: two's complement idea Bonita Montero <Bonita.Montero@gmail.com> - 2020-01-22 08:32 +0100
Re: two's complement idea "Alf P. Steinbach" <alf.p.steinbach+usenet@gmail.com> - 2020-01-22 09:23 +0100
Re: two's complement idea Bonita Montero <Bonita.Montero@gmail.com> - 2020-01-22 14:20 +0100
Re: two's complement idea Chris Vine <chris@cvine--nospam--.freeserve.co.uk> - 2020-01-22 13:37 +0000
Re: two's complement idea Tim Rentsch <tr.17687@z991.linuxsc.com> - 2020-01-27 01:17 -0800
Re: two's complement idea "Alf P. Steinbach" <alf.p.steinbach+usenet@gmail.com> - 2020-01-27 12:35 +0100
Re: two's complement idea Tim Rentsch <tr.17687@z991.linuxsc.com> - 2020-02-15 05:56 -0800
Re: two's complement idea "Alf P. Steinbach" <alf.p.steinbach+usenet@gmail.com> - 2020-02-16 09:17 +0100
Re: two's complement idea Richard Damon <Richard@Damon-Family.org> - 2020-02-21 19:35 -0500
Re: two's complement idea "Alf P. Steinbach" <alf.p.steinbach+usenet@gmail.com> - 2020-02-22 07:01 +0100
Re: two's complement idea Tim Rentsch <tr.17687@z991.linuxsc.com> - 2020-02-24 08:22 -0800
Re: two's complement idea cross@spitfire.i.gajendra.net (Dan Cross) - 2020-02-24 03:12 +0000
Re: two's complement idea cdalten@gmail.com - 2020-02-24 05:53 -0800
Re: two's complement idea Tim Rentsch <tr.17687@z991.linuxsc.com> - 2020-02-25 07:56 -0800
Re: two's complement idea cross@spitfire.i.gajendra.net (Dan Cross) - 2020-02-25 22:00 +0000
Re: two's complement idea Tim Rentsch <tr.17687@z991.linuxsc.com> - 2020-02-25 16:14 -0800
Re: two's complement idea cdalten@gmail.com - 2020-02-25 18:18 -0800
Re: two's complement idea cross@spitfire.i.gajendra.net (Dan Cross) - 2020-02-26 02:22 +0000
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