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Groups > comp.lang.c++ > #69706

Re: two's complement idea

From Manfred <noname@invalid.add>
Newsgroups comp.lang.c++
Subject Re: two's complement idea
Date 2019-11-10 19:02 +0100
Organization Aioe.org NNTP Server
Message-ID <qq9jbb$gap$1@gioia.aioe.org> (permalink)
References (5 earlier) <qps1q0$a0a$1@dont-email.me> <qps668$s0h$1@news.albasani.net> <qpsjg8$srn$1@dont-email.me> <86lfspcekw.fsf@linuxsc.com> <qq96vl$7iq$1@dont-email.me>

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On 11/10/19 3:31 PM, Paavo Helde wrote:
> On 9.11.2019 16:24, Tim Rentsch wrote:
>> Paavo Helde <myfirstname@osa.pri.ee> writes:
>>
>>> On 5.11.2019 17:58, Bonita Montero wrote:
>>>
>>>> With the same reasoning you could say that unsigneds might never
>>>> wrap;  but in fact they're specified to wrap.
>>>
>>> In retrospect, this (wrapping unsigneds) looks like a major design 
>>> mistake.
>>>
>>> IMO, wrapping integers (signed or unsigned) are an example of
>>> "optimization which nobody asked for", and they are there basically
>>> only because the hardware happened to support such operations.
>>
>> Apparently you think how the hardware behaves (specifically, for
>> unsigned or two's complement operands) is some sort of accident
>> of history.  It isn't.  It was a deliberate choice, made by smart
>> people.  It isn't just a coincidence that the semantics of
>> wrapping works nicely in a variety of applications.
> 
> The hardware which I am familiar with properly sets the carry and 
> overflow flags for arithmetic operations. In case of multiplication it 
> also produces the result twice larger than the operands, in order to not 
> lose information. So at the hardware level the results are always 
> well-defined and complete, this is very fine. The calling program can 
> study the flags and decide what to do about this.

The main difference between the hardware and the language is that 1) the 
former can count on accessory entities that are not part of a variable 
(the flags register) and 2) it does not have to fit within the semantics 
of a type system, so that it is OK for WORD op WORD to yield DWORD

If you go into the specifics, you may see that:
1) flags information would need to be handled by the compiler, with the 
possible result of littering the generated code with branches for every 
integer expression.

2) Having an arithmetic operator (multiplication) yield a different type 
than the operands would pose significant complications to the language - 
if you really want this, try mimicking that with some C++ wrapper 
classes and operators thereof, and see where you go.
The solution, when the full range is needed, is to tell the compiler 
that this is what you want by casting the /operands/.
In this way the compiler can deliver the result you want (while 
optimizing away the extra space for the operands themselves).

> 
> The problem with C is that they decided the best way to deal with this 
> is just to ignore the overflow flag and the upper half of the 
> multiplication result. Not sure about PDP-11 itself, but they had to 
> think about other hardware too, and at some point they decided that the 
> best way to deal with the problem was just to ignore all the extra 
> information the current or future CPU-s might provide

See above.
Moreover, given the impact of the choice, and its business consequences, 
it is hard to believe that this was just sloppiness.

> 
> An imaginary conversation:
> 
> A: BTW, what should we do with the arithmetic overflow? There are 
> overflow flags and extended precision results in some hardware that we 
> could use.
> 
> B: Because of speed and simplicity, we just ignore it. Each extra opcode 
> would slow us down!
> 
> A: But in case of multiplication, we might lose half of the result!
> 
> B. Just ignore it.
> 
> A. But what we write down in the specs? We can't just say we carry out 
> an hardware operation and then ignore everything except the first result 
> register.
> 
> B. Let's see... Isn't there a nice name for that behavior? Yep, it's 
> called wrapping! Write this down in the specs!
> 
> A. But, but, with signed integers, there are different representations, 
> so that on some hardware it does not actually wrap!
> 
> B. Ouch, my head is hurting. Just declare it undefined then!
> 
> 

This is fiction.

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Thread

two's complement idea Bonita Montero <Bonita.Montero@gmail.com> - 2019-11-04 20:48 +0100
  Re: two's complement idea Bonita Montero <Bonita.Montero@gmail.com> - 2019-11-04 21:19 +0100
    Re: two's complement idea Öö Tiib <ootiib@hot.ee> - 2019-11-04 14:39 -0800
      Re: two's complement idea David Brown <david.brown@hesbynett.no> - 2019-11-05 10:31 +0100
        Re: two's complement idea Bonita Montero <Bonita.Montero@gmail.com> - 2019-11-05 11:23 +0100
          Re: two's complement idea David Brown <david.brown@hesbynett.no> - 2019-11-05 15:43 +0100
            Re: two's complement idea Bonita Montero <Bonita.Montero@gmail.com> - 2019-11-05 16:58 +0100
              Re: two's complement idea Paavo Helde <myfirstname@osa.pri.ee> - 2019-11-05 21:45 +0200
                Re: two's complement idea Manfred <noname@add.invalid> - 2019-11-06 13:33 +0100
                Re: two's complement idea Bonita Montero <Bonita.Montero@gmail.com> - 2019-11-06 13:51 +0100
                Re: two's complement idea David Brown <david.brown@hesbynett.no> - 2019-11-06 14:37 +0100
                Re: two's complement idea Manfred <noname@add.invalid> - 2019-11-06 15:38 +0100
                Re: two's complement idea Bonita Montero <Bonita.Montero@gmail.com> - 2019-11-06 15:53 +0100
                Re: two's complement idea James Kuyper <jameskuyper@alumni.caltech.edu> - 2019-11-06 10:06 -0500
                Re: two's complement idea "Alf P. Steinbach" <alf.p.steinbach+usenet@gmail.com> - 2019-11-06 17:00 +0100
                Re: two's complement idea Manfred <noname@add.invalid> - 2019-11-06 17:47 +0100
                Re: two's complement idea Bonita Montero <Bonita.Montero@gmail.com> - 2019-11-06 17:54 +0100
                Re: two's complement idea Bo Persson <bo@bo-persson.se> - 2019-11-06 20:00 +0100
                Re: two's complement idea Bonita Montero <Bonita.Montero@gmail.com> - 2019-11-06 20:13 +0100
                Re: two's complement idea David Brown <david.brown@hesbynett.no> - 2019-11-06 20:44 +0100
                Re: two's complement idea David Brown <david.brown@hesbynett.no> - 2019-11-06 20:36 +0100
                Re: two's complement idea Manfred <noname@add.invalid> - 2019-11-06 22:54 +0100
                Re: two's complement idea David Brown <david.brown@hesbynett.no> - 2019-11-07 00:52 +0100
                Re: two's complement idea Paavo Helde <myfirstname@osa.pri.ee> - 2019-11-06 17:54 +0200
                Re: two's complement idea Manfred <noname@add.invalid> - 2019-11-06 18:15 +0100
                Re: two's complement idea Bonita Montero <Bonita.Montero@gmail.com> - 2019-11-06 18:33 +0100
                Re: two's complement idea Öö Tiib <ootiib@hot.ee> - 2019-11-06 10:55 -0800
                Re: two's complement idea Bonita Montero <Bonita.Montero@gmail.com> - 2019-11-06 20:15 +0100
                Re: two's complement idea Manfred <noname@add.invalid> - 2019-11-06 20:53 +0100
                Re: two's complement idea Paavo Helde <myfirstname@osa.pri.ee> - 2019-11-06 22:25 +0200
                Re: two's complement idea Manfred <noname@add.invalid> - 2019-11-06 23:05 +0100
                Re: two's complement idea Paavo Helde <myfirstname@osa.pri.ee> - 2019-11-07 10:23 +0200
                Re: two's complement idea David Brown <david.brown@hesbynett.no> - 2019-11-06 22:20 +0100
                Re: two's complement idea Paavo Helde <myfirstname@osa.pri.ee> - 2019-11-06 22:12 +0200
                Re: two's complement idea Tim Rentsch <tr.17687@z991.linuxsc.com> - 2019-11-09 06:24 -0800
                Re: two's complement idea Siri Cruise <chine.bleu@yahoo.com> - 2019-11-09 07:14 -0700
                Re: two's complement idea David Brown <david.brown@hesbynett.no> - 2019-11-10 11:52 +0100
                Re: two's complement idea Paavo Helde <myfirstname@osa.pri.ee> - 2019-11-10 16:31 +0200
                Re: two's complement idea Manfred <noname@invalid.add> - 2019-11-10 19:02 +0100
                Re: two's complement idea Paavo Helde <myfirstname@osa.pri.ee> - 2019-11-11 12:08 +0200
                Re: two's complement idea scott@slp53.sl.home (Scott Lurndal) - 2019-11-11 13:59 +0000
                Re: two's complement idea Paavo Helde <myfirstname@osa.pri.ee> - 2019-11-11 17:09 +0200
                Re: two's complement idea Richard Damon <Richard@Damon-Family.org> - 2019-11-18 07:40 -0500
                Re: two's complement idea Tim Rentsch <tr.17687@z991.linuxsc.com> - 2019-11-28 12:27 -0800
                Re: two's complement idea cdalten@gmail.com - 2020-01-24 05:39 -0800
                Re: two's complement idea Paavo Helde <myfirstname@osa.pri.ee> - 2020-01-24 17:53 +0200
                Re: two's complement idea Jorgen Grahn <grahn+nntp@snipabacken.se> - 2020-01-24 17:31 +0000
              Re: two's complement idea David Brown <david.brown@hesbynett.no> - 2019-11-05 21:48 +0100
                Re: two's complement idea Bonita Montero <Bonita.Montero@gmail.com> - 2019-11-06 07:08 +0100
                Re: two's complement idea David Brown <david.brown@hesbynett.no> - 2019-11-06 09:30 +0100
                Re: two's complement idea Bonita Montero <Bonita.Montero@gmail.com> - 2019-11-06 09:57 +0100
        Re: two's complement idea Öö Tiib <ootiib@hot.ee> - 2019-11-05 09:02 -0800
          Re: two's complement idea scott@slp53.sl.home (Scott Lurndal) - 2019-11-05 17:15 +0000
            Re: two's complement idea Öö Tiib <ootiib@hot.ee> - 2019-11-05 10:19 -0800
          Re: two's complement idea Manfred <noname@invalid.add> - 2019-11-05 19:31 +0100
            Re: two's complement idea Öö Tiib <ootiib@hot.ee> - 2019-11-05 11:55 -0800
              Re: two's complement idea Manfred <noname@add.invalid> - 2019-11-05 22:48 +0100
                Re: two's complement idea Öö Tiib <ootiib@hot.ee> - 2019-11-05 15:49 -0800
                Re: two's complement idea Tim Rentsch <tr.17687@z991.linuxsc.com> - 2019-11-09 06:13 -0800
                Re: two's complement idea Manfred <noname@invalid.add> - 2019-11-10 18:37 +0100
            Re: two's complement idea David Brown <david.brown@hesbynett.no> - 2019-11-05 23:14 +0100
          Re: two's complement idea David Brown <david.brown@hesbynett.no> - 2019-11-05 23:00 +0100
            Re: two's complement idea Öö Tiib <ootiib@hot.ee> - 2019-11-06 05:26 -0800
              Re: two's complement idea David Brown <david.brown@hesbynett.no> - 2019-11-06 21:50 +0100
                Re: two's complement idea Öö Tiib <ootiib@hot.ee> - 2019-11-08 02:01 -0800
                Re: two's complement idea David Brown <david.brown@hesbynett.no> - 2019-11-08 14:03 +0100
                Re: two's complement idea Öö Tiib <ootiib@hot.ee> - 2019-11-08 12:08 -0800
                Re: two's complement idea David Brown <david.brown@hesbynett.no> - 2019-11-10 13:17 +0100
                Re: two's complement idea "Alf P. Steinbach" <alf.p.steinbach+usenet@gmail.com> - 2019-11-10 14:37 +0100
                Re: two's complement idea David Brown <david.brown@hesbynett.no> - 2019-11-10 17:08 +0100
                Re: two's complement idea Manfred <noname@invalid.add> - 2019-11-10 18:34 +0100
                Re: two's complement idea Ian Collins <ian-news@hotmail.com> - 2019-11-11 07:48 +1300
                Re: two's complement idea David Brown <david.brown@hesbynett.no> - 2019-11-10 21:31 +0100
  Re: two's complement idea Bo Persson <bo@bo-persson.se> - 2019-11-04 23:55 +0100
    Re: two's complement idea David Brown <david.brown@hesbynett.no> - 2019-11-05 10:32 +0100
  Re: two's complement idea Siri Cruise <chine.bleu@yahoo.com> - 2019-11-04 19:55 -0700
    Re: two's complement idea "Alf P. Steinbach" <alf.p.steinbach+usenet@gmail.com> - 2019-11-05 05:52 +0100
      Re: two's complement idea Ian Collins <ian-news@hotmail.com> - 2019-11-05 18:17 +1300
      Re: two's complement idea Tim Rentsch <tr.17687@z991.linuxsc.com> - 2019-11-09 05:55 -0800
        Re: two's complement idea Siri Cruise <chine.bleu@yahoo.com> - 2019-11-09 06:33 -0700
          Re: two's complement idea Öö Tiib <ootiib@hot.ee> - 2019-11-09 07:46 -0800
        Re: two's complement idea Öö Tiib <ootiib@hot.ee> - 2019-11-09 06:46 -0800
          Re: two's complement idea Tim Rentsch <tr.17687@z991.linuxsc.com> - 2019-11-28 12:19 -0800
            Re: two's complement idea "Alf P. Steinbach" <alf.p.steinbach+usenet@gmail.com> - 2019-11-29 00:14 +0100
              Re: two's complement idea David Brown <david.brown@hesbynett.no> - 2019-11-29 09:15 +0100
                Re: two's complement idea Bo Persson <bo@bo-persson.se> - 2019-11-29 10:58 +0100
                Re: two's complement idea David Brown <david.brown@hesbynett.no> - 2019-11-29 12:49 +0100
              Re: two's complement idea Tim Rentsch <tr.17687@z991.linuxsc.com> - 2019-12-07 07:53 -0800
                Re: two's complement idea Öö Tiib <ootiib@hot.ee> - 2019-12-07 08:22 -0800
                Re: two's complement idea Tim Rentsch <tr.17687@z991.linuxsc.com> - 2020-01-10 20:44 -0800
                Re: two's complement idea Öö Tiib <ootiib@hot.ee> - 2020-01-10 23:44 -0800
                Re: two's complement idea Tim Rentsch <tr.17687@z991.linuxsc.com> - 2020-01-14 07:08 -0800
                Re: two's complement idea Öö Tiib <ootiib@hot.ee> - 2020-01-14 08:42 -0800
                Re: two's complement idea Tim Rentsch <tr.17687@z991.linuxsc.com> - 2020-01-21 02:09 -0800
                Re: two's complement idea James Kuyper <jameskuyper@alumni.caltech.edu> - 2020-01-21 05:14 -0800
                Re: two's complement idea Daniel <danielaparker@gmail.com> - 2020-01-21 13:08 -0800
                Re: two's complement idea James Kuyper <jameskuyper@alumni.caltech.edu> - 2020-01-22 00:07 -0500
                Re: two's complement idea Öö Tiib <ootiib@hot.ee> - 2020-01-21 23:21 -0800
                Re: two's complement idea Keith Thompson <Keith.S.Thompson+u@gmail.com> - 2020-01-22 01:51 -0800
                Re: two's complement idea David Brown <david.brown@hesbynett.no> - 2020-01-22 11:28 +0100
                Re: two's complement idea Bonita Montero <Bonita.Montero@gmail.com> - 2020-01-22 11:52 +0100
                Re: two's complement idea Öö Tiib <ootiib@hot.ee> - 2020-01-22 04:47 -0800
                Re: two's complement idea Tim Rentsch <tr.17687@z991.linuxsc.com> - 2020-04-02 07:19 -0700
                Re: two's complement idea James Kuyper <jameskuyper@alumni.caltech.edu> - 2020-04-02 08:07 -0700
                Re: two's complement idea boltar@nowhere.org - 2020-01-21 16:44 +0000
                Re: two's complement idea Jorgen Grahn <grahn+nntp@snipabacken.se> - 2020-01-21 20:01 +0000
                Re: two's complement idea boltar@nowhere.org - 2020-01-22 11:26 +0000
                Re: two's complement idea Christian Gollwitzer <auriocus@gmx.de> - 2020-01-22 20:04 +0100
                Re: two's complement idea Keith Thompson <Keith.S.Thompson+u@gmail.com> - 2020-01-22 11:30 -0800
                Re: two's complement idea Chris Vine <chris@cvine--nospam--.freeserve.co.uk> - 2020-01-22 19:57 +0000
                Re: two's complement idea Ian Collins <ian-news@hotmail.com> - 2020-01-23 10:03 +1300
                Re: two's complement idea boltar@nowhere.org - 2020-01-23 09:24 +0000
                Re: two's complement idea Ian Collins <ian-news@hotmail.com> - 2020-01-24 07:29 +1300
                Re: two's complement idea Ian Collins <ian-news@hotmail.com> - 2020-01-23 10:03 +1300
                Re: two's complement idea "Fred. Zwarts" <F.Zwarts@KVI.nl> - 2020-01-23 10:09 +0100
                Re: two's complement idea boltar@nowhere.org - 2020-01-23 09:29 +0000
                Re: two's complement idea Bart <bc@freeuk.com> - 2020-01-24 01:08 +0000
                Re: two's complement idea boltar@nowhere.org - 2020-01-24 12:27 +0000
                Re: two's complement idea Bart <bc@freeuk.com> - 2020-01-24 01:06 +0000
                Re: two's complement idea Bo Persson <bo@bo-persson.se> - 2020-01-24 10:07 +0100
                Re: two's complement idea Paavo Helde <myfirstname@osa.pri.ee> - 2020-01-24 11:36 +0200
                Re: two's complement idea Öö Tiib <ootiib@hot.ee> - 2020-01-24 17:34 -0800
                Re: two's complement idea Siri Cruise <chine.bleu@yahoo.com> - 2020-01-24 17:57 -0800
                Re: two's complement idea Bart <bc@freeuk.com> - 2020-01-24 12:19 +0000
                Re: two's complement idea Bo Persson <bo@bo-persson.se> - 2020-01-24 14:19 +0100
                Re: two's complement idea Bart <bc@freeuk.com> - 2020-01-24 14:11 +0000
                Re: two's complement idea Jorgen Grahn <grahn+nntp@snipabacken.se> - 2020-01-24 17:26 +0000
                Re: two's complement idea Bart <bc@freeuk.com> - 2020-01-24 17:35 +0000
                Re: two's complement idea Paavo Helde <myfirstname@osa.pri.ee> - 2020-01-24 22:27 +0200
                Re: two's complement idea James Kuyper <jameskuyper@alumni.caltech.edu> - 2020-01-24 23:21 -0500
                Re: two's complement idea Ian Collins <ian-news@hotmail.com> - 2020-01-25 11:06 +1300
                Re: two's complement idea Jorgen Grahn <grahn+nntp@snipabacken.se> - 2020-01-24 22:12 +0000
                Re: two's complement idea James Kuyper <jameskuyper@alumni.caltech.edu> - 2020-01-24 23:24 -0500
                Re: two's complement idea Jorgen Grahn <grahn+nntp@snipabacken.se> - 2020-01-25 09:04 +0000
                Re: two's complement idea Öö Tiib <ootiib@hot.ee> - 2020-01-25 04:15 -0800
                Re: two's complement idea David Brown <david.brown@hesbynett.no> - 2020-01-25 19:55 +0100
                Re: two's complement idea David Brown <david.brown@hesbynett.no> - 2020-01-25 00:05 +0100
                Re: two's complement idea Bart <bc@freeuk.com> - 2020-01-25 01:19 +0000
                Re: two's complement idea Ian Collins <ian-news@hotmail.com> - 2020-01-25 19:50 +1300
                Re: two's complement idea Bart <bc@freeuk.com> - 2020-01-25 11:57 +0000
                Re: two's complement idea Chris Vine <chris@cvine--nospam--.freeserve.co.uk> - 2020-01-25 13:42 +0000
                Re: two's complement idea Bart <bc@freeuk.com> - 2020-01-25 14:58 +0000
                Re: two's complement idea Ian Collins <ian-news@hotmail.com> - 2020-01-26 07:58 +1300
                Re: two's complement idea David Brown <david.brown@hesbynett.no> - 2020-01-25 20:34 +0100
                Re: two's complement idea Öö Tiib <ootiib@hot.ee> - 2020-01-25 12:41 -0800
                Re: two's complement idea Paavo Helde <myfirstname@osa.pri.ee> - 2020-01-26 16:08 +0200
                Re: two's complement idea Tim Rentsch <tr.17687@z991.linuxsc.com> - 2020-01-27 02:20 -0800
                Re: two's complement idea Paavo Helde <myfirstname@osa.pri.ee> - 2020-01-27 15:03 +0200
                Re: two's complement idea Tim Rentsch <tr.17687@z991.linuxsc.com> - 2020-02-15 06:44 -0800
                Re: two's complement idea Paavo Helde <myfirstname@osa.pri.ee> - 2020-03-06 10:18 +0200
                Re: two's complement idea Tim Rentsch <tr.17687@z991.linuxsc.com> - 2020-04-02 07:05 -0700
                Re: two's complement idea Paavo Helde <myfirstname@osa.pri.ee> - 2020-04-02 20:03 +0300
                Re: two's complement idea Tim Rentsch <tr.17687@z991.linuxsc.com> - 2020-04-04 12:37 -0700
                Re: two's complement idea Ian Collins <ian-news@hotmail.com> - 2020-01-26 07:45 +1300
                Re: two's complement idea Bart <bc@freeuk.com> - 2020-01-25 19:56 +0000
                Re: two's complement idea Ian Collins <ian-news@hotmail.com> - 2020-01-26 09:49 +1300
                Re: two's complement idea Bart <bc@freeuk.com> - 2020-01-25 21:33 +0000
                Re: two's complement idea Ian Collins <ian-news@hotmail.com> - 2020-01-26 11:00 +1300
                Re: two's complement idea Bart <bc@freeuk.com> - 2020-01-25 22:23 +0000
                Re: two's complement idea Ian Collins <ian-news@hotmail.com> - 2020-01-26 11:46 +1300
                Re: two's complement idea Paavo Helde <myfirstname@osa.pri.ee> - 2020-01-26 10:55 +0200
                Re: two's complement idea Öö Tiib <ootiib@hot.ee> - 2020-01-26 03:47 -0800
                Re: two's complement idea Tim Rentsch <tr.17687@z991.linuxsc.com> - 2020-01-27 01:28 -0800
                Re: two's complement idea Jorgen Grahn <grahn+nntp@snipabacken.se> - 2020-01-25 22:22 +0000
                Re: two's complement idea James Kuyper <jameskuyper@alumni.caltech.edu> - 2020-01-25 18:24 -0500
                Re: two's complement idea David Brown <david.brown@hesbynett.no> - 2020-01-26 12:54 +0100
                Re: two's complement idea Bart <bc@freeuk.com> - 2020-01-26 12:44 +0000
                Re: two's complement idea David Brown <david.brown@hesbynett.no> - 2020-01-26 14:58 +0100
                Re: two's complement idea Bart <bc@freeuk.com> - 2020-01-26 14:53 +0000
                Re: two's complement idea David Brown <david.brown@hesbynett.no> - 2020-01-26 19:10 +0100
                Re: two's complement idea Robert Wessel <robertwessel2@yahoo.com> - 2020-01-26 13:20 -0600
                Re: two's complement idea Bart <bc@freeuk.com> - 2020-01-26 20:51 +0000
                Re: two's complement idea Robert Wessel <robertwessel2@yahoo.com> - 2020-01-26 21:02 -0600
                Re: two's complement idea Keith Thompson <Keith.S.Thompson+u@gmail.com> - 2020-01-26 19:06 -0800
                Re: two's complement idea Bart <bc@freeuk.com> - 2020-01-27 18:50 +0000
                Re: two's complement idea Robert Wessel <robertwessel2@yahoo.com> - 2020-01-27 14:18 -0600
                Re: two's complement idea David Brown <david.brown@hesbynett.no> - 2020-01-27 22:13 +0100
                Re: two's complement idea Bart <bc@freeuk.com> - 2020-01-27 21:38 +0000
                Re: two's complement idea Robert Wessel <robertwessel2@yahoo.com> - 2020-01-27 19:37 -0600
                Re: two's complement idea Keith Thompson <Keith.S.Thompson+u@gmail.com> - 2020-01-27 19:15 -0800
                Re: two's complement idea "Fred. Zwarts" <F.Zwarts@KVI.nl> - 2020-01-28 11:45 +0100
                Re: two's complement idea Ian Collins <ian-news@hotmail.com> - 2020-01-27 16:31 +1300
                Re: two's complement idea Manfred <noname@add.invalid> - 2020-01-26 18:50 +0100
                Re: two's complement idea Jorgen Grahn <grahn+nntp@snipabacken.se> - 2020-01-26 18:57 +0000
                Re: two's complement idea David Brown <david.brown@hesbynett.no> - 2020-01-26 20:46 +0100
                Re: two's complement idea Robert Wessel <robertwessel2@yahoo.com> - 2020-01-26 13:14 -0600
                Re: two's complement idea David Brown <david.brown@hesbynett.no> - 2020-01-26 22:15 +0100
                Re: two's complement idea Robert Wessel <robertwessel2@yahoo.com> - 2020-01-27 21:06 -0600
                Re: two's complement idea David Brown <david.brown@hesbynett.no> - 2020-01-28 13:08 +0100
                Re: two's complement idea Tim Rentsch <tr.17687@z991.linuxsc.com> - 2020-01-27 01:50 -0800
                Re: two's complement idea Ian Collins <ian-news@hotmail.com> - 2020-01-27 08:21 +1300
                Re: two's complement idea David Brown <david.brown@hesbynett.no> - 2020-01-25 20:14 +0100
                Re: two's complement idea David Brown <david.brown@hesbynett.no> - 2020-01-25 20:12 +0100
                Re: two's complement idea Tim Rentsch <tr.17687@z991.linuxsc.com> - 2020-01-27 07:48 -0800
                Re: two's complement idea Bonita Montero <Bonita.Montero@gmail.com> - 2020-02-18 18:46 +0100
        Re: two's complement idea Bonita Montero <Bonita.Montero@gmail.com> - 2019-11-09 17:03 +0100
    Re: two's complement idea Bonita Montero <Bonita.Montero@gmail.com> - 2019-11-05 06:56 +0100
      Re: two's complement idea Christian Gollwitzer <auriocus@gmx.de> - 2019-11-05 08:24 +0100
        Re: two's complement idea Bonita Montero <Bonita.Montero@gmail.com> - 2019-11-05 08:35 +0100
        Re: two's complement idea Öö Tiib <ootiib@hot.ee> - 2019-11-04 23:36 -0800
          Re: two's complement idea James Kuyper <jameskuyper@alumni.caltech.edu> - 2019-11-05 09:19 -0500
  Re: two's complement idea Bonita Montero <Bonita.Montero@gmail.com> - 2020-01-22 08:32 +0100
    Re: two's complement idea "Alf P. Steinbach" <alf.p.steinbach+usenet@gmail.com> - 2020-01-22 09:23 +0100
      Re: two's complement idea Bonita Montero <Bonita.Montero@gmail.com> - 2020-01-22 14:20 +0100
        Re: two's complement idea Chris Vine <chris@cvine--nospam--.freeserve.co.uk> - 2020-01-22 13:37 +0000
      Re: two's complement idea Tim Rentsch <tr.17687@z991.linuxsc.com> - 2020-01-27 01:17 -0800
        Re: two's complement idea "Alf P. Steinbach" <alf.p.steinbach+usenet@gmail.com> - 2020-01-27 12:35 +0100
          Re: two's complement idea Tim Rentsch <tr.17687@z991.linuxsc.com> - 2020-02-15 05:56 -0800
            Re: two's complement idea "Alf P. Steinbach" <alf.p.steinbach+usenet@gmail.com> - 2020-02-16 09:17 +0100
              Re: two's complement idea Richard Damon <Richard@Damon-Family.org> - 2020-02-21 19:35 -0500
                Re: two's complement idea "Alf P. Steinbach" <alf.p.steinbach+usenet@gmail.com> - 2020-02-22 07:01 +0100
              Re: two's complement idea Tim Rentsch <tr.17687@z991.linuxsc.com> - 2020-02-24 08:22 -0800
      Re: two's complement idea cross@spitfire.i.gajendra.net (Dan Cross) - 2020-02-24 03:12 +0000
        Re: two's complement idea cdalten@gmail.com - 2020-02-24 05:53 -0800
        Re: two's complement idea Tim Rentsch <tr.17687@z991.linuxsc.com> - 2020-02-25 07:56 -0800
          Re: two's complement idea cross@spitfire.i.gajendra.net (Dan Cross) - 2020-02-25 22:00 +0000
            Re: two's complement idea Tim Rentsch <tr.17687@z991.linuxsc.com> - 2020-02-25 16:14 -0800
              Re: two's complement idea cdalten@gmail.com - 2020-02-25 18:18 -0800
              Re: two's complement idea cross@spitfire.i.gajendra.net (Dan Cross) - 2020-02-26 02:22 +0000

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