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| From | "Carlos E.R." <robin_listas@es.invalid> |
|---|---|
| Newsgroups | comp.os.linux.misc, alt.usage.english |
| Subject | Re: GNU |
| Date | 2026-03-17 15:33 +0100 |
| Message-ID | <ib5o8mx1p1.ln2@Telcontar.valinor> (permalink) |
| References | (23 earlier) <n1r85mF2hu3U11@mid.individual.net> <10p9std$2bvlt$1@dont-email.me> <10pa2nb$2dmau$2@dont-email.me> <nhom8mxs5c.ln2@Telcontar.valinor> <1rs492j.1skf24w1c7x012N%nospam@de-ster.demon.nl> |
Cross-posted to 2 groups.
On 2026-03-17 13:24, J. J. Lodder wrote: > Carlos E.R. <robin_listas@es.invalid> wrote: > >> On 2026-03-17 00:11, Nuno Silva wrote: >>> On 2026-03-16, Bobbie Sellers wrote: >>> >>>> On 3/16/26 13:40, rbowman wrote: >>>>> On Mon, 16 Mar 2026 13:19:57 +0000, The Natural Philosopher wrote: >>>>> >>>>>> On 16/03/2026 13:13, Rich Ulrich wrote: >>>>>>> On Mon, 16 Mar 2026 12:55:40 +0000, The Natural Philosopher >>>>>>> <tnp@invalid.invalid> wrote: >> >> >>>>>>> >>>>>> Since Australia the same size as the USA (excluding Alaska/Hawaii) I >>>>>> find that problematic... >>>>> >>>>> True, but it's really, really hard to miss the Americas sailing west. >>>>> >>>> But in those days sailing in any open direction was problematic due to >>>> the small ships and the lack of later navigational instruments. It >>>> still is not >>>> easy as the Oceans and seas present enormous challenges then and now. >>> >>> I'm a bit rusty in my knowledge of these topics (and it probably was >>> never that much knowledge to begin with), but weren't there astronomical >>> tools that allowed at least some degree of position awareness? >> >> The North-South position you can determine by looking at the position >> (height) of the Sun at local noon (you need to know the date and have >> some tables). But to know the East-West position, you need to look at >> what hour is the local noon. The stars give similar information. So you >> need an accurate clock that keeps the correct time for months. >> >> I do not know if it is possible to calculate the position of a land >> without a chronometer (or a radio), somehow. > > Of course it is possible, by astronomical observation. > That is why the English and others set up observatories > in strategic locations. (such as Cape Town, Jamaica, etc.) > > In harbour near an observatory captains could take the time signals > in order to know how far theur chronometer(s) had drifted, [1] > > Jan > > [1] The noon gun at Cape Town is still being fired daily. > It is the last surviving one of its kind, > and also the oldest surviving and still functional guns. I asked ChatGPT. In the past, say XIX century, ships calculated their longitude by comparing the local noon time with a cronometer. Was there some way to calculate the precise longitude in a land, without depending on a precise cronometer? Yes — and interestingly, the problem of determining longitude on land was solved in several ways that didn’t rely on carrying a super-precise chronometer like sailors did. The key idea is always the same: **longitude = time difference from a reference meridian**. At sea, that required a clock. On land, you could sometimes *replace the clock with other synchronized phenomena or astronomical observations*. Here are the main methods used in the 18th–19th centuries: --- ## 1. Astronomical events observed simultaneously Instead of carrying time, you could **observe an event whose timing is predictable everywhere**. ### Examples: * Eclipses of Jupiter’s moons * Lunar eclipses * Occultations (when the Moon covers a star) These events were tabulated in advance (for example in the Nautical Almanac). **How it worked:** * You observe the exact local time of the event. * Compare it with the predicted time at a reference meridian (e.g., Greenwich). * The time difference → longitude. 👉 This method was used earlier (17th–18th century), but it had limitations: * Required telescopes and clear skies * Some events were rare or hard to time precisely --- ## 2. The Lunar Distance Method This was one of the most important non-chronometer techniques. **Idea:** Measure the angle between the Moon and a star or the Sun. * The Moon moves quickly (~13° per day), so its position acts like a clock. * Tables predicted these angles for every hour at Greenwich. **Process:** 1. Measure the angular distance between the Moon and a known star. 2. Correct for observational errors. 3. Compare with tables → gives Greenwich time. 4. Compare with your local solar time → longitude. This method was widely used both at sea and on land before chronometers became common. --- ## 3. Transported time (but less precise clocks) On land, you could **transport time more easily than at sea**. * Carry a clock from a known observatory (like Royal Observatory Greenwich). * Even if it drifted slightly, you could: * Recalibrate it at intermediate stations * Use multiple clocks and average them This was often used in geodetic surveys. --- ## 4. Telegraph synchronization (19th century breakthrough) Once the telegraph appeared, longitude determination became dramatically easier. * Observatories in different cities sent time signals via telegraph. * Observers recorded local noon or star transits. * Comparing signals gave longitude differences **to very high precision**. This became the standard for mapping and surveying in the late 1800s. --- ## 5. Triangulation (indirect method) Sometimes longitude wasn’t measured astronomically at every point. * First determine longitude precisely at a few key observatories. * Then extend positions across land using **triangulation networks**. This was how large parts of Europe were mapped in the 18th–19th centuries. --- ## Bottom line Yes — on land, you didn’t strictly need a precision chronometer because you could: * Use **predictable celestial events** * Use the **Moon as a moving clock** * Synchronize time via **telegraph** * Or avoid direct measurement through **triangulation** At sea, these alternatives were much harder, which is why the chronometer (famously solved by John Harrison) became so crucial for navigation. --- If you want, I can walk you through a concrete example (like actually computing longitude using lunar distances) — it’s surprisingly hands-on and quite clever. -- Cheers, Carlos. ES🇪🇸, EU🇪🇺;
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Re: GNU rbowman <bowman@montana.com> - 2026-03-07 04:32 +0000
Re: GNU Peter Moylan <peter@pmoylan.org> - 2026-03-07 15:50 +1100
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Re: GNU rbowman <bowman@montana.com> - 2026-03-07 21:56 +0000
Re: GNU Peter Moylan <peter@pmoylan.org> - 2026-03-08 09:50 +1100
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Re: GNU Steve Hayes <hayesstw@telkomsa.net> - 2026-03-08 19:30 +0200
Re: GNU The Natural Philosopher <tnp@invalid.invalid> - 2026-03-07 12:31 +0000
Re: GNU "Carlos E.R." <robin_listas@es.invalid> - 2026-03-07 12:22 +0100
Re: GNU Bertel Lund Hansen <rundtosset@lundhansen.dk> - 2026-03-07 12:46 +0100
Re: GNU "Carlos E.R." <robin_listas@es.invalid> - 2026-03-07 13:01 +0100
Re: GNU Bertel Lund Hansen <rundtosset@lundhansen.dk> - 2026-03-07 13:57 +0100
Re: GNU The Natural Philosopher <tnp@invalid.invalid> - 2026-03-07 13:48 +0000
Re: GNU rbowman <bowman@montana.com> - 2026-03-07 23:13 +0000
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Re: GNU Bertel Lund Hansen <rundtosset@lundhansen.dk> - 2026-03-08 07:33 +0100
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Re: GNU Bertel Lund Hansen <rundtosset@lundhansen.dk> - 2026-03-08 09:06 +0100
Re: GNU Aidan Kehoe <kehoea@parhasard.net> - 2026-03-08 20:35 +0000
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Re: GNU rbowman <bowman@montana.com> - 2026-03-09 00:58 +0000
Re: GNU Tony Cooper <tonycooper214@gmail.com> - 2026-03-09 01:07 -0400
Re: GNU Lawrence D’Oliveiro <ldo@nz.invalid> - 2026-03-09 06:22 +0000
Re: GNU rbowman <bowman@montana.com> - 2026-03-09 08:00 +0000
Re: GNU athel.cb@gmail.com <user12588@newsgrouper.org.invalid> - 2026-03-09 10:09 +0000
Re: GNU Aidan Kehoe <kehoea@parhasard.net> - 2026-03-09 06:16 +0000
Re: GNU Lawrence D’Oliveiro <ldo@nz.invalid> - 2026-03-09 06:24 +0000
Re: GNU Aidan Kehoe <kehoea@parhasard.net> - 2026-03-09 06:54 +0000
Re: GNU Hibou <vpaereru-unmonitored@yahoo.com.invalid> - 2026-03-09 07:37 +0000
Re: GNU Steve Hayes <hayesstw@telkomsa.net> - 2026-03-10 09:37 +0200
Re: GNU The Natural Philosopher <tnp@invalid.invalid> - 2026-03-10 10:37 +0000
Re: GNU Peter Moylan <peter@pmoylan.org> - 2026-03-11 10:09 +1100
Re: GNU Hibou <vpaereru-unmonitored@yahoo.com.invalid> - 2026-03-10 13:25 +0000
Re: GNU Richard Harnden <richard.nospam@gmail.invalid> - 2026-03-10 14:26 +0000
Re: GNU Charlie Gibbs <cgibbs@kltpzyxm.invalid> - 2026-03-10 19:35 +0000
Re: GNU snipeco.2@gmail.com (Sn!pe) - 2026-03-10 15:49 +0000
Re: GNU "Carlos E.R." <robin_listas@es.invalid> - 2026-03-15 12:54 +0100
Re: GNU The Natural Philosopher <tnp@invalid.invalid> - 2026-03-15 12:07 +0000
Re: GNU Peter Moylan <peter@pmoylan.org> - 2026-03-16 12:11 +1100
Re: GNU Hibou <vpaereru-unmonitored@yahoo.com.invalid> - 2026-03-16 07:07 +0000
Re: GNU Lawrence D’Oliveiro <ldo@nz.invalid> - 2026-03-16 07:50 +0000
Re: GNU Ross Clark <benlizro@ihug.co.nz> - 2026-03-16 22:03 +1300
Re: GNU The Natural Philosopher <tnp@invalid.invalid> - 2026-03-16 13:00 +0000
Re: GNU Robert Riches <spamtrap42@jacob21819.net> - 2026-03-17 18:08 +0000
Re: GNU Hibou <vpaereru-unmonitored@yahoo.com.invalid> - 2026-03-16 09:28 +0000
Re: GNU athel.cb@gmail.com <user12588@newsgrouper.org.invalid> - 2026-03-16 10:36 +0000
Re: GNU Bertel Lund Hansen <rundtosset@lundhansen.dk> - 2026-03-16 08:58 +0100
Re: GNU Hibou <vpaereru-unmonitored@yahoo.com.invalid> - 2026-03-16 09:28 +0000
Re: GNU Ross Clark <benlizro@ihug.co.nz> - 2026-03-16 09:34 +1300
Re: GNU "Carlos E.R." <robin_listas@es.invalid> - 2026-03-15 22:23 +0100
Re: GNU Richard Kettlewell <invalid@invalid.invalid> - 2026-03-15 23:38 +0000
Re: GNU Bobbie Sellers <bliss-sf4ever@dslextreme.com> - 2026-03-15 21:24 -0700
Re: GNU The Natural Philosopher <tnp@invalid.invalid> - 2026-03-16 12:56 +0000
Re: GNU Janet <nobody@home.com> - 2026-03-16 12:27 +0000
Re: GNU Lawrence D’Oliveiro <ldo@nz.invalid> - 2026-03-15 22:27 +0000
Re: GNU Peter Moylan <peter@pmoylan.org> - 2026-03-16 13:29 +1100
Re: GNU rbowman <bowman@montana.com> - 2026-03-16 06:29 +0000
Re: GNU Peter Moylan <peter@pmoylan.org> - 2026-03-16 17:52 +1100
Re: GNU Bobbie Sellers <bliss-sf4ever@dslextreme.com> - 2026-03-16 00:32 -0700
Re: GNU Janet <nobody@home.com> - 2026-03-16 12:41 +0000
Re: GNU John Ames <commodorejohn@gmail.com> - 2026-03-16 08:55 -0700
Re: GNU Peter Moylan <peter@pmoylan.org> - 2026-03-17 10:03 +1100
Re: GNU rbowman <bowman@montana.com> - 2026-03-17 01:01 +0000
Re: GNU Bertel Lund Hansen <rundtosset@lundhansen.dk> - 2026-03-17 08:18 +0100
Re: GNU rbowman <bowman@montana.com> - 2026-03-17 19:03 +0000
Re: GNU Bobbie Sellers <bliss-sf4ever@dslextreme.com> - 2026-03-17 12:27 -0700
Re: GNU Bertel Lund Hansen <rundtosset@lundhansen.dk> - 2026-03-17 22:23 +0100
Re: GNU Bertel Lund Hansen <rundtosset@lundhansen.dk> - 2026-03-17 22:18 +0100
Re: GNU Peter Moylan <peter@pmoylan.org> - 2026-03-18 10:42 +1100
Re: GNU lar3ryca <larry@invalid.ca> - 2026-03-17 22:29 -0600
Re: GNU Charlie Gibbs <cgibbs@kltpzyxm.invalid> - 2026-03-17 19:35 +0000
Re: GNU John Ames <commodorejohn@gmail.com> - 2026-03-17 12:39 -0700
Re: GNU Bobbie Sellers <bliss-sf4ever@dslextreme.com> - 2026-03-17 15:55 -0700
Re: GNU Bertel Lund Hansen <rundtosset@lundhansen.dk> - 2026-03-18 07:47 +0100
Re: GNU The Natural Philosopher <tnp@invalid.invalid> - 2026-03-18 09:42 +0000
Re: GNU Charlie Gibbs <cgibbs@kltpzyxm.invalid> - 2026-03-18 18:02 +0000
Re: GNU The Natural Philosopher <tnp@invalid.invalid> - 2026-03-17 09:06 +0000
Re: GNU rbowman <bowman@montana.com> - 2026-03-09 08:08 +0000
Re: GNU Charles Hope <clh@candehope.me.uk> - 2026-03-09 09:45 +0000
Re: GNU The Natural Philosopher <tnp@invalid.invalid> - 2026-03-09 14:12 +0000
Re: GNU rbowman <bowman@montana.com> - 2026-03-09 21:52 +0000
Re: GNU Charlie Gibbs <cgibbs@kltpzyxm.invalid> - 2026-03-09 23:07 +0000
Re: GNU Peter Moylan <peter@pmoylan.org> - 2026-03-10 16:28 +1100
Re: GNU Aidan Kehoe <kehoea@parhasard.net> - 2026-03-10 08:57 +0000
Re: GNU The Natural Philosopher <tnp@invalid.invalid> - 2026-03-10 10:30 +0000
Re: GNU rbowman <bowman@montana.com> - 2026-03-10 17:53 +0000
Re: GNU "Carlos E.R." <robin_listas@es.invalid> - 2026-03-15 19:24 +0100
Re: GNU rbowman <bowman@montana.com> - 2026-03-10 05:34 +0000
Re: GNU The Natural Philosopher <tnp@invalid.invalid> - 2026-03-10 10:32 +0000
Re: GNU Bertel Lund Hansen <rundtosset@lundhansen.dk> - 2026-03-10 12:43 +0100
Re: GNU The Natural Philosopher <tnp@invalid.invalid> - 2026-03-10 11:47 +0000
Re: GNU rbowman <bowman@montana.com> - 2026-03-10 18:10 +0000
Re: GNU Charlie Gibbs <cgibbs@kltpzyxm.invalid> - 2026-03-10 19:35 +0000
Re: GNU rbowman <bowman@montana.com> - 2026-03-10 18:06 +0000
Re: GNU Charlie Gibbs <cgibbs@kltpzyxm.invalid> - 2026-03-10 19:35 +0000
Re: GNU Charlie Gibbs <cgibbs@kltpzyxm.invalid> - 2026-03-10 19:35 +0000
Re: GNU Peter Moylan <peter@pmoylan.org> - 2026-03-11 10:13 +1100
Re: GNU The Natural Philosopher <tnp@invalid.invalid> - 2026-03-11 09:57 +0000
Re: GNU Peter Moylan <peter@pmoylan.org> - 2026-03-11 21:41 +1100
Re: GNU The Natural Philosopher <tnp@invalid.invalid> - 2026-03-11 12:19 +0000
Re: GNU vallor <vallor@vallor.earth> - 2026-03-11 14:19 +0000
Re: GNU Robert Riches <spamtrap42@jacob21819.net> - 2026-03-12 02:49 +0000
Re: GNU Lawrence D’Oliveiro <ldo@nz.invalid> - 2026-03-12 04:51 +0000
Encodings (was: Re: GNU) Nuno Silva <nunojsilva@invalid.invalid> - 2026-03-12 10:36 +0000
Re: GNU liz@poppyrecords.invalid.invalid (Liz Tuddenham) - 2026-03-11 17:55 +0000
Re: GNU snipeco.2@gmail.com (Sn!pe) - 2026-03-11 19:03 +0000
Re: GNU richard@cogsci.ed.ac.uk (Richard Tobin) - 2026-03-11 19:11 +0000
Re: GNU The Natural Philosopher <tnp@invalid.invalid> - 2026-03-11 20:22 +0000
Re: GNU snipeco.2@gmail.com (Sn!pe) - 2026-03-11 22:06 +0000
Re: GNU lar3ryca <larry@invalid.ca> - 2026-03-11 11:40 -0600
Re: GNU lar3ryca <larry@invalid.ca> - 2026-03-10 13:56 -0600
Re: GNU lar3ryca <larry@invalid.ca> - 2026-03-09 22:10 -0600
Re: GNU Peter Moylan <peter@pmoylan.org> - 2026-03-09 21:17 +1100
Re: GNU Ross Clark <benlizro@ihug.co.nz> - 2026-03-10 11:40 +1300
Re: GNU Peter Moylan <peter@pmoylan.org> - 2026-03-10 16:34 +1100
Re: GNU rbowman <bowman@montana.com> - 2026-03-09 08:07 +0000
Re: GNU Aidan Kehoe <kehoea@parhasard.net> - 2026-03-09 13:29 +0000
Re: GNU athel.cb@gmail.com <user12588@newsgrouper.org.invalid> - 2026-03-09 15:48 +0000
Re: GNU rbowman <bowman@montana.com> - 2026-03-09 20:49 +0000
Re: GNU snipeco.2@gmail.com (Sn!pe) - 2026-03-09 14:36 +0000
Re: GNU lar3ryca <larry@invalid.ca> - 2026-03-09 11:35 -0600
Re: GNU The Natural Philosopher <tnp@invalid.invalid> - 2026-03-09 14:07 +0000
Re: GNU Aidan Kehoe <kehoea@parhasard.net> - 2026-03-09 14:11 +0000
Re: GNU The Natural Philosopher <tnp@invalid.invalid> - 2026-03-09 14:25 +0000
Re: GNU Charles Hope <clh@candehope.me.uk> - 2026-03-09 15:45 +0000
Re: GNU Tony Cooper <tonycooper214@gmail.com> - 2026-03-09 00:49 -0400
Re: GNU Peter Moylan <peter@pmoylan.org> - 2026-03-09 16:42 +1100
Re: GNU Hibou <vpaereru-unmonitored@yahoo.com.invalid> - 2026-03-09 08:18 +0000
Re: GNU The Natural Philosopher <tnp@invalid.invalid> - 2026-03-09 14:14 +0000
Re: GNU Lawrence D’Oliveiro <ldo@nz.invalid> - 2026-03-09 20:32 +0000
Re: GNU rbowman <bowman@montana.com> - 2026-03-09 08:10 +0000
Re: GNU lar3ryca <larry@invalid.ca> - 2026-03-09 12:51 -0600
Re: GNU Tony Cooper <tonycooper214@gmail.com> - 2026-03-09 15:23 -0400
Re: GNU Steve Hayes <hayesstw@telkomsa.net> - 2026-03-10 09:42 +0200
Re: GNU Steve Hayes <hayesstw@telkomsa.net> - 2026-03-10 09:46 +0200
Re: GNU "Carlos E.R." <robin_listas@es.invalid> - 2026-03-11 20:59 +0100
Re: GNU rbowman <bowman@montana.com> - 2026-03-08 20:58 +0000
Re: GNU John Ames <commodorejohn@gmail.com> - 2026-03-09 09:04 -0700
Re: GNU athel.cb@gmail.com <user12588@newsgrouper.org.invalid> - 2026-03-09 10:00 +0000
Re: GNU lar3ryca <larry@invalid.ca> - 2026-03-08 22:06 -0600
Re: GNU Aidan Kehoe <kehoea@parhasard.net> - 2026-03-09 06:25 +0000
Re: GNU athel.cb@gmail.com <user12588@newsgrouper.org.invalid> - 2026-03-09 10:28 +0000
Re: GNU The Natural Philosopher <tnp@invalid.invalid> - 2026-03-08 11:38 +0000
Re: GNU rbowman <bowman@montana.com> - 2026-03-08 16:59 +0000
Re: GNU The Natural Philosopher <tnp@invalid.invalid> - 2026-03-07 12:34 +0000
Re: GNU "Carlos E.R." <robin_listas@es.invalid> - 2026-03-07 22:37 +0100
Re: GNU athel.cb@gmail.com <user12588@newsgrouper.org.invalid> - 2026-03-07 17:00 +0000
Re: GNU "Carlos E.R." <robin_listas@es.invalid> - 2026-03-07 22:35 +0100
Re: GNU lar3ryca <larry@invalid.ca> - 2026-03-07 16:25 -0600
Re: GNU "Carlos E.R." <robin_listas@es.invalid> - 2026-03-08 14:30 +0100
Re: GNU The Natural Philosopher <tnp@invalid.invalid> - 2026-03-08 06:02 +0000
Re: GNU Bertel Lund Hansen <rundtosset@lundhansen.dk> - 2026-03-08 07:42 +0100
Re: GNU The Natural Philosopher <tnp@invalid.invalid> - 2026-03-08 11:42 +0000
Re: GNU Snidely <snidely.too@gmail.com> - 2026-03-08 16:40 -0700
Re: GNU The Natural Philosopher <tnp@invalid.invalid> - 2026-03-09 14:20 +0000
Re: GNU Charlie Gibbs <cgibbs@kltpzyxm.invalid> - 2026-03-07 18:41 +0000
Re: GNU rbowman <bowman@montana.com> - 2026-03-07 23:37 +0000
Re: GNU rbowman <bowman@montana.com> - 2026-03-07 22:33 +0000
Re: GNU "Carlos E.R." <robin_listas@es.invalid> - 2026-03-15 22:05 +0100
Re: GNU Peter Moylan <peter@pmoylan.org> - 2026-03-08 09:53 +1100
Re: GNU Bertel Lund Hansen <rundtosset@lundhansen.dk> - 2026-03-08 07:45 +0100
Re: GNU The Natural Philosopher <tnp@invalid.invalid> - 2026-03-08 11:56 +0000
Re: GNU Aidan Kehoe <kehoea@parhasard.net> - 2026-03-08 20:54 +0000
Re: GNU Ross Clark <benlizro@ihug.co.nz> - 2026-03-09 22:08 +1300
Re: GNU Aidan Kehoe <kehoea@parhasard.net> - 2026-03-09 13:31 +0000
Re: GNU The Natural Philosopher <tnp@invalid.invalid> - 2026-03-07 12:28 +0000
Re: GNU Steve Hayes <hayesstw@telkomsa.net> - 2026-03-08 03:01 +0200
Re: GNU snipeco.2@gmail.com (Sn!pe) - 2026-03-08 01:40 +0000
Re: GNU rbowman <bowman@montana.com> - 2026-03-08 04:37 +0000
Re: GNU The Natural Philosopher <tnp@invalid.invalid> - 2026-03-08 06:22 +0000
Re: GNU rbowman <bowman@montana.com> - 2026-03-08 07:32 +0000
Re: GNU Peter Moylan <peter@pmoylan.org> - 2026-03-08 20:27 +1100
Re: GNU The Natural Philosopher <tnp@invalid.invalid> - 2026-03-08 11:30 +0000
Re: GNU richard@cogsci.ed.ac.uk (Richard Tobin) - 2026-03-08 11:41 +0000
Re: GNU Peter Moylan <peter@pmoylan.org> - 2026-03-09 10:09 +1100
Re: GNU rbowman <bowman@montana.com> - 2026-03-08 16:56 +0000
Re: GNU Peter Moylan <peter@pmoylan.org> - 2026-03-09 10:13 +1100
Re: GNU "Carlos E.R." <robin_listas@es.invalid> - 2026-03-15 22:13 +0100
Re: GNU Bobbie Sellers <bliss-sf4ever@dslextreme.com> - 2026-03-15 15:27 -0700
Re: GNU The Natural Philosopher <tnp@invalid.invalid> - 2026-03-16 12:55 +0000
Re: GNU Rich Ulrich <rich.ulrich@comcast.net> - 2026-03-16 09:13 -0400
Re: GNU The Natural Philosopher <tnp@invalid.invalid> - 2026-03-16 13:19 +0000
Re: GNU rbowman <bowman@montana.com> - 2026-03-16 20:40 +0000
Re: GNU Bobbie Sellers <bliss-sf4ever@dslextreme.com> - 2026-03-16 14:32 -0700
Re: GNU Tony Cooper <tonycooper214@gmail.com> - 2026-03-16 17:48 -0400
Re: GNU Bobbie Sellers <bliss-sf4ever@dslextreme.com> - 2026-03-16 15:15 -0700
Re: GNU Tony Cooper <tonycooper214@gmail.com> - 2026-03-16 20:00 -0400
Re: GNU Peter Moylan <peter@pmoylan.org> - 2026-03-17 11:23 +1100
Re: GNU Lawrence D’Oliveiro <ldo@nz.invalid> - 2026-03-17 00:51 +0000
Re: GNU rbowman <bowman@montana.com> - 2026-03-17 01:23 +0000
Re: GNU "Carlos E.R." <robin_listas@es.invalid> - 2026-03-17 02:41 +0100
Re: GNU The Natural Philosopher <tnp@invalid.invalid> - 2026-03-17 08:50 +0000
Re: GNU "Carlos E.R." <robin_listas@es.invalid> - 2026-03-17 12:58 +0100
Re: GNU The Natural Philosopher <tnp@invalid.invalid> - 2026-03-17 12:22 +0000
Re: GNU "Carlos E.R." <robin_listas@es.invalid> - 2026-03-17 15:24 +0100
Re: GNU The Natural Philosopher <tnp@invalid.invalid> - 2026-03-17 19:05 +0000
Re: GNU Tony Cooper <tonycooper214@gmail.com> - 2026-03-17 10:16 -0400
Re: GNU The Natural Philosopher <tnp@invalid.invalid> - 2026-03-17 19:05 +0000
Re: GNU Rich Ulrich <rich.ulrich@comcast.net> - 2026-03-17 11:49 -0400
Re: GNU Snidely <snidely.too@gmail.com> - 2026-03-17 17:14 -0700
Re: GNU Lawrence D’Oliveiro <ldo@nz.invalid> - 2026-03-18 00:18 +0000
Re: GNU rbowman <bowman@montana.com> - 2026-03-17 19:09 +0000
Re: GNU Janet <nobody@home.com> - 2026-03-17 13:38 +0000
Re: GNU John Ames <commodorejohn@gmail.com> - 2026-03-16 15:08 -0700
Re: GNU Bobbie Sellers <bliss-sf4ever@dslextreme.com> - 2026-03-16 15:18 -0700
Re: GNU rbowman <bowman@montana.com> - 2026-03-17 01:25 +0000
Re: GNU Bobbie Sellers <bliss-sf4ever@dslextreme.com> - 2026-03-16 21:47 -0700
Re: GNU Steve Hayes <hayesstw@telkomsa.net> - 2026-03-18 05:35 +0200
Re: GNU The Natural Philosopher <tnp@invalid.invalid> - 2026-03-18 10:16 +0000
Re: GNU Steve Hayes <hayesstw@telkomsa.net> - 2026-03-20 05:53 +0200
Re: GNU The Natural Philosopher <tnp@invalid.invalid> - 2026-03-20 08:46 +0000
Re: GNU nospam@de-ster.demon.nl (J. J. Lodder) - 2026-03-20 11:32 +0100
Re: GNU The Natural Philosopher <tnp@invalid.invalid> - 2026-03-20 10:36 +0000
Re: GNU nospam@de-ster.demon.nl (J. J. Lodder) - 2026-03-20 11:32 +0100
Re: GNU Bobbie Sellers <bliss-sf4ever@dslextreme.com> - 2026-03-20 08:26 -0700
Re: GNU The Natural Philosopher <tnp@invalid.invalid> - 2026-03-17 08:51 +0000
Re: GNU John Ames <commodorejohn@gmail.com> - 2026-03-17 09:26 -0700
Re: GNU The Natural Philosopher <tnp@invalid.invalid> - 2026-03-17 19:10 +0000
Re: GNU Nuno Silva <nunojsilva@invalid.invalid> - 2026-03-16 23:11 +0000
Re: GNU Peter Moylan <peter@pmoylan.org> - 2026-03-17 10:27 +1100
Re: GNU rbowman <bowman@montana.com> - 2026-03-17 01:27 +0000
Re: GNU "Kerr-Mudd, John" <admin@127.0.0.1> - 2026-03-17 10:33 +0000
Re: GNU "Carlos E.R." <robin_listas@es.invalid> - 2026-03-17 02:49 +0100
Re: GNU Lawrence D’Oliveiro <ldo@nz.invalid> - 2026-03-17 02:59 +0000
Re: GNU Ross Clark <benlizro@ihug.co.nz> - 2026-03-17 23:08 +1300
Re: GNU nospam@de-ster.demon.nl (J. J. Lodder) - 2026-03-17 13:24 +0100
Re: GNU "Carlos E.R." <robin_listas@es.invalid> - 2026-03-17 15:33 +0100
Re: GNU Bobbie Sellers <bliss-sf4ever@dslextreme.com> - 2026-03-16 21:51 -0700
Re: GNU rbowman <bowman@montana.com> - 2026-03-17 06:23 +0000
Re: GNU The Natural Philosopher <tnp@invalid.invalid> - 2026-03-17 08:58 +0000
Re: GNU The Natural Philosopher <tnp@invalid.invalid> - 2026-03-17 08:55 +0000
Re: GNU nospam@de-ster.demon.nl (J. J. Lodder) - 2026-03-17 13:24 +0100
Re: GNU rbowman <bowman@montana.com> - 2026-03-17 18:56 +0000
Re: GNU Lawrence D’Oliveiro <ldo@nz.invalid> - 2026-03-17 22:59 +0000
Re: GNU "Carlos E.R." <robin_listas@es.invalid> - 2026-03-18 03:07 +0100
Re: GNU Lawrence D’Oliveiro <ldo@nz.invalid> - 2026-03-18 04:01 +0000
Re: GNU nospam@de-ster.demon.nl (J. J. Lodder) - 2026-03-18 14:03 +0100
Re: GNU rbowman <bowman@montana.com> - 2026-03-17 01:20 +0000
Re: GNU Bobbie Sellers <bliss-sf4ever@dslextreme.com> - 2026-03-16 22:08 -0700
Re: GNU The Natural Philosopher <tnp@invalid.invalid> - 2026-03-17 09:02 +0000
Re: GNU The Natural Philosopher <tnp@invalid.invalid> - 2026-03-17 08:47 +0000
Re: GNU The Natural Philosopher <tnp@invalid.invalid> - 2026-03-17 08:47 +0000
Re: GNU "Kerr-Mudd, John" <admin@127.0.0.1> - 2026-03-17 10:41 +0000
Re: GNU Peter Moylan <peter@pmoylan.org> - 2026-03-18 11:04 +1100
Re: GNU nospam@de-ster.demon.nl (J. J. Lodder) - 2026-03-18 14:03 +0100
Re: GNU The Natural Philosopher <tnp@invalid.invalid> - 2026-03-18 13:14 +0000
Re: GNU Peter Moylan <peter@pmoylan.org> - 2026-03-17 10:21 +1100
Re: GNU Lawrence D’Oliveiro <ldo@nz.invalid> - 2026-03-17 00:55 +0000
Re: GNU "Carlos E.R." <robin_listas@es.invalid> - 2026-03-17 02:53 +0100
Re: GNU The Natural Philosopher <tnp@invalid.invalid> - 2026-03-17 09:10 +0000
Re: GNU Rich Ulrich <rich.ulrich@comcast.net> - 2026-03-17 11:43 -0400
Re: GNU "Carlos E.R." <robin_listas@es.invalid> - 2026-03-17 22:37 +0100
Re: GNU Rich Ulrich <rich.ulrich@comcast.net> - 2026-03-17 18:43 -0400
Re: GNU "Carlos E.R." <robin_listas@es.invalid> - 2026-03-18 03:15 +0100
Re: GNU Charlie Gibbs <cgibbs@kltpzyxm.invalid> - 2026-03-18 02:19 +0000
Re: GNU snipeco.2@gmail.com (Sn!pe) - 2026-03-18 02:29 +0000
Re: GNU Bobbie Sellers <bliss-sf4ever@dslextreme.com> - 2026-03-17 20:17 -0700
Re: GNU The Natural Philosopher <tnp@invalid.invalid> - 2026-03-18 09:31 +0000
Re: GNU "Carlos E.R." <robin_listas@es.invalid> - 2026-03-18 11:41 +0100
Re: GNU rbowman <bowman@montana.com> - 2026-03-18 18:28 +0000
Re: GNU The Natural Philosopher <tnp@invalid.invalid> - 2026-03-18 18:31 +0000
Re: GNU rbowman <bowman@montana.com> - 2026-03-18 23:26 +0000
Re: GNU nospam@de-ster.demon.nl (J. J. Lodder) - 2026-03-19 11:48 +0100
Re: GNU The Natural Philosopher <tnp@invalid.invalid> - 2026-03-19 12:17 +0000
Re: GNU "Carlos E.R." <robin_listas@es.invalid> - 2026-03-19 13:31 +0100
Re: GNU nospam@de-ster.demon.nl (J. J. Lodder) - 2026-03-19 14:24 +0100
Re: GNU Andreas Eder <a_eder_muc@web.de> - 2026-04-01 14:30 +0200
Re: GNU Peter Moylan <peter@pmoylan.org> - 2026-04-02 10:48 +1100
Re: GNU Charlie Gibbs <cgibbs@kltpzyxm.invalid> - 2026-03-18 06:15 +0000
Re: GNU lar3ryca <larry@invalid.ca> - 2026-03-18 10:16 -0600
Re: GNU Bobbie Sellers <bliss-sf4ever@dslextreme.com> - 2026-03-18 09:40 -0700
Re: GNU The Natural Philosopher <tnp@invalid.invalid> - 2026-03-18 16:56 +0000
Re: GNU "Carlos E.R." <robin_listas@es.invalid> - 2026-03-18 20:00 +0100
Re: GNU rbowman <bowman@montana.com> - 2026-03-18 23:49 +0000
Re: GNU nospam@de-ster.demon.nl (J. J. Lodder) - 2026-03-19 11:48 +0100
Re: GNU "Carlos E.R." <robin_listas@es.invalid> - 2026-03-19 13:34 +0100
Re: GNU nospam@de-ster.demon.nl (J. J. Lodder) - 2026-03-19 14:24 +0100
Re: GNU The Natural Philosopher <tnp@invalid.invalid> - 2026-03-19 14:06 +0000
Re: GNU nospam@de-ster.demon.nl (J. J. Lodder) - 2026-03-19 22:32 +0100
Re: GNU The Natural Philosopher <tnp@invalid.invalid> - 2026-03-20 07:38 +0000
Re: GNU "Carlos E.R." <robin_listas@es.invalid> - 2026-03-20 11:07 +0100
Re: GNU "Carlos E.R." <robin_listas@es.invalid> - 2026-03-19 22:22 +0100
Re: GNU nospam@de-ster.demon.nl (J. J. Lodder) - 2026-03-20 11:32 +0100
Re: GNU "Carlos E.R." <robin_listas@es.invalid> - 2026-03-21 20:34 +0100
Re: GNU nospam@de-ster.demon.nl (J. J. Lodder) - 2026-03-21 22:32 +0100
Re: GNU snipeco.2@gmail.com (Sn!pe) - 2026-03-19 15:24 +0000
Re: GNU The Natural Philosopher <tnp@invalid.invalid> - 2026-03-19 17:50 +0000
Re: GNU rbowman <bowman@montana.com> - 2026-03-19 19:58 +0000
Re: GNU nospam@de-ster.demon.nl (J. J. Lodder) - 2026-03-20 11:32 +0100
Re: GNU The Natural Philosopher <tnp@invalid.invalid> - 2026-03-19 12:19 +0000
Re: GNU Snidely <snidely.too@gmail.com> - 2026-03-18 17:36 -0700
Re: GNU "Carlos E.R." <robin_listas@es.invalid> - 2026-03-19 03:01 +0100
Re: GNU Bobbie Sellers <bliss-sf4ever@dslextreme.com> - 2026-03-18 19:16 -0700
Re: GNU "Carlos E.R." <robin_listas@es.invalid> - 2026-03-19 13:36 +0100
Re: GNU Charlie Gibbs <cgibbs@kltpzyxm.invalid> - 2026-03-18 18:02 +0000
Re: GNU Lawrence D’Oliveiro <ldo@nz.invalid> - 2026-03-19 00:24 +0000
Re: GNU lar3ryca <larry@invalid.ca> - 2026-03-18 22:48 -0600
Re: GNU Andreas Eder <a_eder_muc@web.de> - 2026-03-18 22:45 +0100
Re: GNU nospam@de-ster.demon.nl (J. J. Lodder) - 2026-03-19 10:01 +0100
Re: GNU "Carlos E.R." <robin_listas@es.invalid> - 2026-03-18 11:42 +0100
Re: GNU nospam@de-ster.demon.nl (J. J. Lodder) - 2026-03-20 12:39 +0100
Re: GNU "Carlos E.R." <robin_listas@es.invalid> - 2026-03-21 20:38 +0100
Re: GNU Nuno Silva <nunojsilva@invalid.invalid> - 2026-03-21 20:22 +0000
Re: GNU nospam@de-ster.demon.nl (J. J. Lodder) - 2026-03-21 22:32 +0100
Re: GNU "Carlos E.R." <robin_listas@es.invalid> - 2026-03-22 03:19 +0100
Re: GNU nospam@de-ster.demon.nl (J. J. Lodder) - 2026-03-22 10:52 +0100
Re: GNU "Carlos E.R." <robin_listas@es.invalid> - 2026-03-22 15:12 +0100
Re: GNU nospam@de-ster.demon.nl (J. J. Lodder) - 2026-03-22 18:37 +0100
Re: GNU Tony Cooper <tonycooper214@gmail.com> - 2026-03-22 16:31 -0400
Re: GNU nospam@de-ster.demon.nl (J. J. Lodder) - 2026-03-22 23:31 +0100
Re: GNU Lawrence D’Oliveiro <ldo@nz.invalid> - 2026-03-22 23:18 +0000
Re: GNU nospam@de-ster.demon.nl (J. J. Lodder) - 2026-03-23 11:57 +0100
Re: GNU Peter Moylan <peter@pmoylan.org> - 2026-03-23 22:15 +1100
Re: GNU The Natural Philosopher <tnp@invalid.invalid> - 2026-03-23 11:30 +0000
Re: GNU nospam@de-ster.demon.nl (J. J. Lodder) - 2026-03-23 13:55 +0100
Re: GNU Lawrence D’Oliveiro <ldo@nz.invalid> - 2026-03-24 09:15 +0000
Re: GNU Pancho <Pancho.Jones@protonmail.com> - 2026-03-24 10:17 +0000
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