Re: rational numbers

From	David Brown <david.brown@hesbynett.no>
Newsgroups	comp.lang.c++
Subject	Re: rational numbers
Date	2021-09-17 11:15 +0200
Organization	A noiseless patient Spider
Message-ID	<si1mc4$u4h$1@dont-email.me> (permalink)
References	<shvf4c$ark$3@gioia.aioe.org> <shvhfq$mt2$1@dont-email.me> <shvr5o$ovs$1@gioia.aioe.org> <si08gc$sc9$1@dont-email.me> <si1hed$unn$1@gioia.aioe.org>

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On 17/09/2021 09:50, alessandro volturno wrote:
> Il 16/09/2021 22:12, Paavo Helde ha scritto:
>> 16.09.2021 19:24 alessandro volturno kirjutas:
>>> Il 16/09/2021 15:40, Paavo Helde ha scritto:
> 
>>>> What are the use cases for rationals? If something is not in the
>>>> standard, then often there are different use cases which cannot be
>>>> easily covered by a common "standard" implementation.
> 
>> I notice that you still haven't presented any use case for rationals.
>> I have to admit I also wrote a C++ class for rational numbers ca 20
>> years ago, but so far I have not found any usage for it in my work
>> (which also involves a lot of heavy numeric computations).
> 
> I am not a mathematician nor a physicist but probably solving systems of
> linear equations with Gauss or Gauss-Jordan methods can be an
> application of rational numbers.
> 

You will quickly get meaninglessly big numbers if you use rationals for
that kind of thing.  Calculations with rationals usually only makes
sense for pure mathematics and number theory, not applied mathematics or
physics.

> Many years ago trying to use the Common lisp programming language, I was
> impressed by its natural handling of rational numbers and by its use of
> integers or floating point numbers of arbitrary precision. Common Lisp
> is an ANSI standard dated 1990 but it inherits properties and behaviours
> from ancient LISP dialects. So it seemed to me a bit strange that a
> programming language as widespread as C++ doesn't offer that same
> facilities.
> 

C++ arithmetic aims for efficiency, predictability, and fixed sizes.
Fixed size rationals are of quite limited use - you can't do much
arithmetic on them before the sizes overflow.  As I mentioned earlier,
there is a lot of fun and learning from making classes to support these,
but little practical use - therefore no point in having them in the
standard library.  (The C++ standard library has support for
compile-time rational arithmetic, mainly as a convenient way to handle
magnitudes of SI units.)

So for useful rationals, you need arbitrary precision integers.  And
that is a whole different ballgame from fixed sizes - you are now
talking about memory management, big complicated algorithms, and all
sorts of trade-offs in the implementation.  For some languages, it's
okay to pick one "reasonable" implementation.  It might be big and
incorporate a range of algorithms for different sizes - that's fine for
a language like Python that already has huge libraries.  It might be
small and simple, and do a reasonable job for smaller sizes but be less
optimal for huge values - that made sense for Bart in his language.

For C++, it's a /lot/ harder to decide what to do for the standard
library, as C++ programmers have such different needs.  Someone who just
wants to do arithmetic up to 4K bits for cryptography will not want the
cost to support megabit sizes.  Someone who needs a lot of decimal I/O
might want a base-10 model rather than a base-2 model.  People with
particular processors might want a model optimised for the SIMD
instructions they have, though it might be much less efficient on other
processors.

C++ does not try to put /everything/ a programmer might need into its
standard library - it aims to have the tools and basics there, so that
others can make libraries as needed.  That's the case here.

>> The only advantage what rationals offer above floating-point is that
>> the calculation results are always exact. However, in numeric
>> programming the input data often comes from a physical measurement,
>> meaning that it already contains measurement inaccuracies. Thus the
>> end result will not be absolutely accurate anyway, so there is no need
>> to use absolutely precise computations.
> 
> there are not only physical measures, you could develop examples with
> integer numbers just for didactic goals. C++ must be learned like any
> other discipline. And having wide numerical facilities can be very
> useful permitting to develop new strategies by tackling numerical
> problems in a different way.
> 

I agree with those aims.  And a C++ standard library for rational
numbers would be completely against that aim - how could you learn about
making good classes and abstractions using rational numbers if the
library already supported them?  Make it yourself - that's how you will
learn.

> I'm sorry for my general argumentation and lack of practical examples,
> but as I had already written, I do program just for fun.
> 
>> [...]
> 
> And talking about features offered by a programming language, there is
> just another addition that could help developing large applications or
> bigger projects, and that is 2d and GUI facilities.
> 
> http://www.open-std.org/jtc1/sc22/wg21/docs/papers/2019/p0267r10.pdf
> 

The proposal for adding gui facilities to the C++ standard is /highly/
controversial.  Some people think it would be nice to have in the
standard because "everyone" needs graphics and a gui.  Others think it
is a terrible idea because there are several dozen popular gui
libraries, with wildly varying pros and cons, and making a "standard C++
gui library" would be as bad an idea as a country's roads department
picking a standard car.

> Thank you again for the opportunity of this discussion.
> 
> alessandro
> 
>

Thread

rational numbers alessandro volturno <alessandro.volturno@libero.it> - 2021-09-16 14:59 +0200
  Re: rational numbers Paavo Helde <myfirstname@osa.pri.ee> - 2021-09-16 16:40 +0300
    Re: rational numbers alessandro volturno <alessandro.volturno@libero.it> - 2021-09-16 18:24 +0200
      Re: rational numbers scott@slp53.sl.home (Scott Lurndal) - 2021-09-16 17:05 +0000
        Re: rational numbers Manfred <noname@add.invalid> - 2021-09-16 19:58 +0200
        Re: rational numbers Christian Gollwitzer <auriocus@gmx.de> - 2021-09-17 09:21 +0200
          Re: rational numbers David Brown <david.brown@hesbynett.no> - 2021-09-17 10:34 +0200
            Re: rational numbers Christian Gollwitzer <auriocus@gmx.de> - 2021-09-17 15:55 +0200
              Re: rational numbers David Brown <david.brown@hesbynett.no> - 2021-09-17 17:49 +0200
                Re: rational numbers Christian Gollwitzer <auriocus@gmx.de> - 2021-09-17 18:22 +0200
          Re: rational numbers Ian Collins <ian-news@hotmail.com> - 2021-09-17 22:07 +1200
            Re: rational numbers David Brown <david.brown@hesbynett.no> - 2021-09-17 13:32 +0200
              Re: rational numbers Ian Collins <ian-news@hotmail.com> - 2021-09-18 09:15 +1200
            Re: rational numbers scott@slp53.sl.home (Scott Lurndal) - 2021-09-17 14:06 +0000
      Re: rational numbers David Brown <david.brown@hesbynett.no> - 2021-09-16 20:41 +0200
        Re: rational numbers Bart <bc@freeuk.com> - 2021-09-16 21:11 +0100
          Re: rational numbers Ben Bacarisse <ben.usenet@bsb.me.uk> - 2021-09-16 21:26 +0100
            Re: rational numbers Bart <bc@freeuk.com> - 2021-09-16 21:54 +0100
            Re: rational numbers "Alf P. Steinbach" <alf.p.steinbach@gmail.com> - 2021-09-16 23:07 +0200
              Re: rational numbers "Alf P. Steinbach" <alf.p.steinbach@gmail.com> - 2021-09-16 23:27 +0200
      Re: rational numbers Paavo Helde <myfirstname@osa.pri.ee> - 2021-09-16 23:12 +0300
        Re: rational numbers alessandro volturno <alessandro.volturno@libero.it> - 2021-09-17 09:50 +0200
          Re: rational numbers David Brown <david.brown@hesbynett.no> - 2021-09-17 11:15 +0200
            Re: rational numbers alessandro volturno <alessandro.volturno@libero.it> - 2021-09-17 19:19 +0200
              Re: rational numbers James Kuyper <jameskuyper@alumni.caltech.edu> - 2021-09-17 19:00 -0400
              Re: rational numbers David Brown <david.brown@hesbynett.no> - 2021-09-18 11:39 +0200
                Re: rational numbers alessandro volturno <alessandro.volturno@libero.it> - 2021-09-18 11:56 +0200
                Re: rational numbers Bart <bc@freeuk.com> - 2021-09-18 11:01 +0100
  Re: rational numbers Juha Nieminen <nospam@thanks.invalid> - 2021-09-17 05:36 +0000
    Re: rational numbers alessandro volturno <alessandro.volturno@libero.it> - 2021-09-17 09:55 +0200
      Re: rational numbers Juha Nieminen <nospam@thanks.invalid> - 2021-09-17 11:16 +0000
        Re: rational numbers alessandro volturno <alessandro.volturno@libero.it> - 2021-09-17 18:33 +0200
        Re: rational numbers Tim Rentsch <tr.17687@z991.linuxsc.com> - 2021-10-06 13:06 -0700
    Re: rational numbers scott@slp53.sl.home (Scott Lurndal) - 2021-09-17 14:03 +0000
      Re: rational numbers Christian Gollwitzer <auriocus@gmx.de> - 2021-09-17 17:12 +0200
        Re: rational numbers Christian Gollwitzer <auriocus@gmx.de> - 2021-09-17 17:16 +0200
          Re: rational numbers Manfred <noname@add.invalid> - 2021-09-17 18:59 +0200
            Re: rational numbers scott@slp53.sl.home (Scott Lurndal) - 2021-09-17 17:13 +0000
              Re: rational numbers Juha Nieminen <nospam@thanks.invalid> - 2021-09-19 10:17 +0000
                Re: rational numbers scott@slp53.sl.home (Scott Lurndal) - 2021-09-19 14:07 +0000
                Re: rational numbers Juha Nieminen <nospam@thanks.invalid> - 2021-09-19 15:58 +0000
                Re: rational numbers scott@slp53.sl.home (Scott Lurndal) - 2021-09-19 21:53 +0000
      Re: rational numbers Ian Collins <ian-news@hotmail.com> - 2021-09-18 09:34 +1200
        Re: rational numbers David Brown <david.brown@hesbynett.no> - 2021-09-18 12:00 +0200
          Re: rational numbers scott@slp53.sl.home (Scott Lurndal) - 2021-09-18 14:54 +0000
            Re: rational numbers Bart <bc@freeuk.com> - 2021-09-18 17:36 +0100
              Re: rational numbers Christian Gollwitzer <auriocus@gmx.de> - 2021-09-18 23:29 +0200
                Re: rational numbers Bart <bc@freeuk.com> - 2021-09-19 01:09 +0100
                Re: rational numbers red floyd <no.spam.here@its.invalid> - 2021-09-18 23:45 -0700
              Re: rational numbers scott@slp53.sl.home (Scott Lurndal) - 2021-09-18 22:48 +0000
                Re: rational numbers Bart <bc@freeuk.com> - 2021-09-19 00:46 +0100
                Re: rational numbers Christian Gollwitzer <auriocus@gmx.de> - 2021-09-19 08:06 +0200
                Re: rational numbers Bart <bc@freeuk.com> - 2021-09-19 10:26 +0100
              Re: rational numbers Juha Nieminen <nospam@thanks.invalid> - 2021-09-19 10:23 +0000
                Re: rational numbers Bart <bc@freeuk.com> - 2021-09-19 12:04 +0100
                Re: rational numbers Juha Nieminen <nospam@thanks.invalid> - 2021-09-19 16:01 +0000
                Re: rational numbers Bart <bc@freeuk.com> - 2021-09-19 17:39 +0100
                Re: rational numbers Juha Nieminen <nospam@thanks.invalid> - 2021-09-20 05:25 +0000
                Re: rational numbers Bart <bc@freeuk.com> - 2021-09-20 10:37 +0100
                Re: rational numbers Juha Nieminen <nospam@thanks.invalid> - 2021-09-22 04:58 +0000
                Re: rational numbers Bart <bc@freeuk.com> - 2021-09-22 11:26 +0100
                Re: rational numbers Ian Collins <ian-news@hotmail.com> - 2021-09-22 23:13 +1200
                Re: rational numbers Bart <bc@freeuk.com> - 2021-09-22 13:45 +0100
                Re: rational numbers Ian Collins <ian-news@hotmail.com> - 2021-09-24 21:37 +1200
                Re: rational numbers Paavo Helde <myfirstname@osa.pri.ee> - 2021-09-22 15:29 +0300
                Re: rational numbers Juha Nieminen <nospam@thanks.invalid> - 2021-09-23 07:26 +0000
                Re: rational numbers scott@slp53.sl.home (Scott Lurndal) - 2021-09-19 21:54 +0000
                Re: rational numbers Bart <bc@freeuk.com> - 2021-09-20 00:31 +0100
                Re: rational numbers David Brown <david.brown@hesbynett.no> - 2021-09-20 08:33 +0200
                Re: rational numbers Bart <bc@freeuk.com> - 2021-09-20 16:11 +0100
                Re: rational numbers David Brown <david.brown@hesbynett.no> - 2021-09-20 18:08 +0200
                Re: rational numbers Bart <bc@freeuk.com> - 2021-09-20 18:39 +0100
                Re: rational numbers David Brown <david.brown@hesbynett.no> - 2021-09-20 19:49 +0200
                Re: rational numbers Bart <bc@freeuk.com> - 2021-09-20 19:04 +0100
                Re: rational numbers David Brown <david.brown@hesbynett.no> - 2021-09-20 21:35 +0200
                Re: rational numbers Bart <bc@freeuk.com> - 2021-09-20 21:38 +0100
                Re: rational numbers Ian Collins <ian-news@hotmail.com> - 2021-09-21 10:28 +1200
                Re: rational numbers Bo Persson <bo@bo-persson.se> - 2021-09-21 09:08 +0200
                Re: rational numbers David Brown <david.brown@hesbynett.no> - 2021-09-21 09:39 +0200
                Re: rational numbers Bart <bc@freeuk.com> - 2021-09-21 11:12 +0100
                Re: rational numbers Paavo Helde <myfirstname@osa.pri.ee> - 2021-09-21 15:45 +0300
                Re: rational numbers Bart <bc@freeuk.com> - 2021-09-21 14:37 +0100
                Re: rational numbers Paavo Helde <myfirstname@osa.pri.ee> - 2021-09-21 17:09 +0300
                Re: rational numbers Bart <bc@freeuk.com> - 2021-09-21 16:26 +0100
                Re: rational numbers David Brown <david.brown@hesbynett.no> - 2021-09-21 18:04 +0200
                Re: rational numbers Keith Thompson <Keith.S.Thompson+u@gmail.com> - 2021-09-21 11:51 -0700
                Re: rational numbers David Brown <david.brown@hesbynett.no> - 2021-09-22 11:09 +0200
                Re: rational numbers scott@slp53.sl.home (Scott Lurndal) - 2021-09-21 15:38 +0000
                Re: rational numbers scott@slp53.sl.home (Scott Lurndal) - 2021-09-21 15:36 +0000
                Re: rational numbers HorseyWorsey@the_stables.com - 2021-09-21 15:49 +0000
                Re: rational numbers scott@slp53.sl.home (Scott Lurndal) - 2021-09-21 16:21 +0000
                Re: rational numbers HorseyWorsey@the_stables.com - 2021-09-22 09:21 +0000
                Re: rational numbers Bart <bc@freeuk.com> - 2021-09-21 17:45 +0100
                Re: rational numbers scott@slp53.sl.home (Scott Lurndal) - 2021-09-21 17:02 +0000
                Re: rational numbers Bart <bc@freeuk.com> - 2021-09-21 18:16 +0100
                Re: rational numbers Keith Thompson <Keith.S.Thompson+u@gmail.com> - 2021-09-21 11:53 -0700
                Re: rational numbers Bart <bc@freeuk.com> - 2021-09-21 20:48 +0100
                Re: rational numbers scott@slp53.sl.home (Scott Lurndal) - 2021-09-21 20:23 +0000
                Re: rational numbers Bart <bc@freeuk.com> - 2021-09-21 23:29 +0100
                Re: rational numbers Keith Thompson <Keith.S.Thompson+u@gmail.com> - 2021-09-21 13:47 -0700
                Re: rational numbers Paavo Helde <myfirstname@osa.pri.ee> - 2021-09-21 20:11 +0300
                Re: rational numbers Bart <bc@freeuk.com> - 2021-09-21 18:33 +0100
                Re: rational numbers Paavo Helde <myfirstname@osa.pri.ee> - 2021-09-21 20:43 +0300
                Re: rational numbers Bart <bc@freeuk.com> - 2021-09-21 18:59 +0100
                Re: rational numbers Paavo Helde <myfirstname@osa.pri.ee> - 2021-09-21 21:20 +0300
                Re: rational numbers Bart <bc@freeuk.com> - 2021-09-21 20:32 +0100
                Re: rational numbers scott@slp53.sl.home (Scott Lurndal) - 2021-09-21 20:24 +0000
                Re: rational numbers scott@slp53.sl.home (Scott Lurndal) - 2021-09-21 18:52 +0000
                Re: rational numbers Bo Persson <bo@bo-persson.se> - 2021-09-21 18:34 +0200
                Re: rational numbers Paavo Helde <myfirstname@osa.pri.ee> - 2021-09-21 01:16 +0300
                Re: rational numbers Bart <bc@freeuk.com> - 2021-09-21 00:39 +0100
                Re: rational numbers Manfred <noname@add.invalid> - 2021-09-22 23:45 +0200
                Re: rational numbers David Brown <david.brown@hesbynett.no> - 2021-09-22 23:51 +0200
                Re: rational numbers Manfred <noname@add.invalid> - 2021-09-23 18:42 +0200
                Re: rational numbers David Brown <david.brown@hesbynett.no> - 2021-09-23 21:52 +0200
                Re: rational numbers Bart <bc@freeuk.com> - 2021-09-23 00:17 +0100
                Re: rational numbers Branimir Maksimovic <branimir.maksimovic@gmail.com> - 2021-09-23 02:03 +0000
                Re: rational numbers Bart <bc@freeuk.com> - 2021-09-23 11:18 +0100
                Re: rational numbers HorseyWorsey@the_stables.com - 2021-09-23 10:26 +0000
                Re: rational numbers Bart <bc@freeuk.com> - 2021-09-23 12:21 +0100
                Re: rational numbers Bart <bc@freeuk.com> - 2021-09-23 12:40 +0100
                Re: rational numbers Richard Damon <Richard@Damon-Family.org> - 2021-09-23 08:05 -0400
                Re: rational numbers Bart <bc@freeuk.com> - 2021-09-23 15:02 +0100
                Re: rational numbers Ian Collins <ian-news@hotmail.com> - 2021-09-24 08:48 +1200
                Re: rational numbers Bart <bc@freeuk.com> - 2021-09-23 23:05 +0100
                Re: rational numbers Branimir Maksimovic <branimir.maksimovic@gmail.com> - 2021-09-23 23:47 +0000
                Re: rational numbers Keith Thompson <Keith.S.Thompson+u@gmail.com> - 2021-09-23 16:56 -0700
                Re: rational numbers Bart <bc@freeuk.com> - 2021-09-24 01:58 +0100
                Re: rational numbers Branimir Maksimovic <branimir.maksimovic@gmail.com> - 2021-09-24 01:40 +0000
                Re: rational numbers Keith Thompson <Keith.S.Thompson+u@gmail.com> - 2021-09-23 19:35 -0700
                Re: rational numbers "daniel...@gmail.com" <danielaparker@gmail.com> - 2021-09-24 09:07 -0700
                Re: rational numbers "daniel...@gmail.com" <danielaparker@gmail.com> - 2021-09-24 09:21 -0700
                Re: rational numbers HorseyWorsey@the_stables.com - 2021-09-23 14:58 +0000
                Re: rational numbers Bart <bc@freeuk.com> - 2021-09-23 17:02 +0100
                Re: rational numbers HorseyWorsey@the_stables.com - 2021-09-23 16:21 +0000
                Re: rational numbers Bart <bc@freeuk.com> - 2021-09-23 18:31 +0100
                Re: rational numbers HorseyWorsey@the_stables.com - 2021-09-24 09:12 +0000
                Re: rational numbers Bart <bc@freeuk.com> - 2021-09-24 12:10 +0100
                Re: rational numbers Branimir Maksimovic <branimir.maksimovic@gmail.com> - 2021-09-24 11:23 +0000
                Re: rational numbers HorseyWorsey@the_stables.com - 2021-09-24 15:19 +0000
                Re: rational numbers Bart <bc@freeuk.com> - 2021-09-24 17:25 +0100
                Re: rational numbers HorseyWorsey@the_stables.com - 2021-09-25 09:27 +0000
                Re: rational numbers Bart <bc@freeuk.com> - 2021-09-25 11:07 +0100
                Re: rational numbers HorseyWorsey@the_stables.com - 2021-09-25 10:14 +0000
                Re: rational numbers Bart <bc@freeuk.com> - 2021-09-25 11:53 +0100
                Re: rational numbers HorseyWorsey@the_stables.com - 2021-09-25 11:23 +0000
                Re: rational numbers Branimir Maksimovic <branimir.maksimovic@gmail.com> - 2021-09-25 12:34 +0000
                Re: rational numbers Paavo Helde <myfirstname@osa.pri.ee> - 2021-09-25 15:37 +0300
                Re: rational numbers Bart <bc@freeuk.com> - 2021-09-25 15:46 +0100
                Re: rational numbers HorseyWorsey@the_stables.com - 2021-09-25 15:19 +0000
                Re: rational numbers Branimir Maksimovic <branimir.maksimovic@gmail.com> - 2021-09-25 17:16 +0000
                Re: rational numbers Christian Gollwitzer <auriocus@gmx.de> - 2021-09-27 23:51 +0200
                Re: rational numbers Bart <bc@freeuk.com> - 2021-09-27 23:41 +0100
                Re: rational numbers Branimir Maksimovic <branimir.maksimovic@gmail.com> - 2021-09-23 10:26 +0000
                Re: rational numbers scott@slp53.sl.home (Scott Lurndal) - 2021-09-23 14:04 +0000
                Re: rational numbers Manfred <noname@add.invalid> - 2021-09-23 17:47 +0200
                Re: rational numbers scott@slp53.sl.home (Scott Lurndal) - 2021-09-23 17:07 +0000
                Re: rational numbers scott@slp53.sl.home (Scott Lurndal) - 2021-09-23 17:08 +0000
                Re: rational numbers Manfred <noname@add.invalid> - 2021-09-23 19:30 +0200
                Re: rational numbers Ian Collins <ian-news@hotmail.com> - 2021-09-24 10:06 +1200
                Re: rational numbers Juha Nieminen <nospam@thanks.invalid> - 2021-09-22 05:06 +0000
                Re: rational numbers Bart <bc@freeuk.com> - 2021-09-22 10:51 +0100
                Re: rational numbers HorseyWorsey@the_stables.com - 2021-09-22 10:54 +0000
                Re: rational numbers Bart <bc@freeuk.com> - 2021-09-22 11:59 +0100
                Re: rational numbers HorseyWorsey@the_stables.com - 2021-09-22 11:04 +0000
                Re: rational numbers "Alf P. Steinbach" <alf.p.steinbach@gmail.com> - 2021-09-22 14:17 +0200
                Re: rational numbers Bart <bc@freeuk.com> - 2021-09-22 14:32 +0100
                Re: rational numbers "Alf P. Steinbach" <alf.p.steinbach@gmail.com> - 2021-09-22 16:23 +0200
                Re: rational numbers Paavo Helde <myfirstname@osa.pri.ee> - 2021-09-22 15:18 +0300
                Re: rational numbers "Alf P. Steinbach" <alf.p.steinbach@gmail.com> - 2021-09-22 16:16 +0200
                Re: rational numbers HorseyWorsey@the_stables.com - 2021-09-22 15:15 +0000
                Re: rational numbers "Alf P. Steinbach" <alf.p.steinbach@gmail.com> - 2021-09-22 17:57 +0200
                Re: rational numbers HorseyWorsey@the_stables.com - 2021-09-22 16:05 +0000
                Re: rational numbers Keith Thompson <Keith.S.Thompson+u@gmail.com> - 2021-09-22 14:13 -0700
                Re: rational numbers HorseyWorsey@the_stables.com - 2021-09-23 09:01 +0000
                Re: rational numbers James Kuyper <jameskuyper@alumni.caltech.edu> - 2021-09-23 12:08 -0400
                Re: rational numbers Keith Thompson <Keith.S.Thompson+u@gmail.com> - 2021-09-23 10:55 -0700
                Re: rational numbers Paavo Helde <myfirstname@osa.pri.ee> - 2021-09-22 20:46 +0300
                Re: rational numbers "daniel...@gmail.com" <danielaparker@gmail.com> - 2021-09-22 14:42 -0700
                Re: rational numbers Paavo Helde <myfirstname@osa.pri.ee> - 2021-09-23 09:15 +0300
                Re: rational numbers scott@slp53.sl.home (Scott Lurndal) - 2021-09-22 14:04 +0000
                Re: rational numbers Keith Thompson <Keith.S.Thompson+u@gmail.com> - 2021-09-22 07:18 -0700
                Re: rational numbers Juha Nieminen <nospam@thanks.invalid> - 2021-09-23 07:31 +0000
                Re: rational numbers Paavo Helde <myfirstname@osa.pri.ee> - 2021-09-23 11:05 +0300
                Re: rational numbers Juha Nieminen <nospam@thanks.invalid> - 2021-09-23 08:28 +0000
                Re: rational numbers Paavo Helde <myfirstname@osa.pri.ee> - 2021-09-24 00:51 +0300
                Re: rational numbers Juha Nieminen <nospam@thanks.invalid> - 2021-09-24 04:37 +0000
                Re: rational numbers Branimir Maksimovic <branimir.maksimovic@gmail.com> - 2021-09-24 07:46 +0000
                Re: rational numbers "daniel...@gmail.com" <danielaparker@gmail.com> - 2021-09-24 08:59 -0700
                Re: rational numbers Paavo Helde <myfirstname@osa.pri.ee> - 2021-09-24 22:49 +0300
                Re: rational numbers Branimir Maksimovic <branimir.maksimovic@gmail.com> - 2021-09-25 00:55 +0000
                Re: rational numbers Paavo Helde <myfirstname@osa.pri.ee> - 2021-09-24 12:17 +0300
                Re: rational numbers Juha Nieminen <nospam@thanks.invalid> - 2021-09-27 05:25 +0000
                Re: rational numbers Paavo Helde <myfirstname@osa.pri.ee> - 2021-09-27 11:37 +0300
                Re: rational numbers Juha Nieminen <nospam@thanks.invalid> - 2021-09-28 04:49 +0000
                Re: rational numbers Bart <bc@freeuk.com> - 2021-09-23 11:29 +0100
                Re: rational numbers Juha Nieminen <nospam@thanks.invalid> - 2021-09-24 04:38 +0000
                Re: rational numbers Bart <bc@freeuk.com> - 2021-09-24 11:15 +0100
                Re: rational numbers Branimir Maksimovic <branimir.maksimovic@gmail.com> - 2021-09-24 10:19 +0000
                Re: rational numbers Juha Nieminen <nospam@thanks.invalid> - 2021-09-27 05:34 +0000
                Re: rational numbers scott@slp53.sl.home (Scott Lurndal) - 2021-09-23 14:07 +0000
                Re: rational numbers Branimir Maksimovic <branimir.maksimovic@gmail.com> - 2021-09-23 14:50 +0000
                Re: rational numbers Juha Nieminen <nospam@thanks.invalid> - 2021-09-20 05:20 +0000
                Re: rational numbers Ian Collins <ian-news@hotmail.com> - 2021-09-24 21:45 +1200
                Re: rational numbers Paavo Helde <myfirstname@osa.pri.ee> - 2021-09-25 16:15 +0300
                Re: rational numbers Juha Nieminen <nospam@thanks.invalid> - 2021-09-27 05:36 +0000
                Re: rational numbers Paavo Helde <myfirstname@osa.pri.ee> - 2021-09-27 11:19 +0300
                Re: rational numbers Ian Collins <ian-news@hotmail.com> - 2021-09-27 21:27 +1300
                Re: rational numbers Paavo Helde <myfirstname@osa.pri.ee> - 2021-09-27 15:49 +0300
                Re: rational numbers Juha Nieminen <nospam@thanks.invalid> - 2021-09-28 04:53 +0000
                Re: rational numbers Bart <bc@freeuk.com> - 2021-09-28 10:16 +0100
                Re: rational numbers Juha Nieminen <nospam@thanks.invalid> - 2021-09-29 12:10 +0000
                Re: rational numbers Bart <bc@freeuk.com> - 2021-09-29 14:34 +0100
                Re: rational numbers Bart <bc@freeuk.com> - 2021-09-29 15:54 +0100
                Re: rational numbers Paavo Helde <myfirstname@osa.pri.ee> - 2021-09-28 13:23 +0300
                Re: rational numbers Ian Collins <ian-news@hotmail.com> - 2021-09-29 10:34 +1300
                Re: rational numbers Paavo Helde <myfirstname@osa.pri.ee> - 2021-09-29 12:18 +0300
                Re: rational numbers Ian Collins <ian-news@hotmail.com> - 2021-09-29 22:46 +1300
                Re: rational numbers Paavo Helde <myfirstname@osa.pri.ee> - 2021-09-29 13:07 +0300
                Re: rational numbers Paavo Helde <myfirstname@osa.pri.ee> - 2021-10-02 22:57 +0300
                Re: rational numbers Juha Nieminen <nospam@thanks.invalid> - 2021-09-29 12:16 +0000
                Re: rational numbers Paavo Helde <myfirstname@osa.pri.ee> - 2021-09-29 20:15 +0300
                Re: rational numbers Juha Nieminen <nospam@thanks.invalid> - 2021-09-30 04:46 +0000
            Re: rational numbers Ian Collins <ian-news@hotmail.com> - 2021-09-19 11:03 +1200
      Re: rational numbers Juha Nieminen <nospam@thanks.invalid> - 2021-09-19 10:12 +0000
  Re: rational numbers Siri Cruise <chine.bleu@yahoo.com> - 2021-09-23 07:38 -0700
    Re: rational numbers alessandro volturno <alessandro.volturno@libero.it> - 2021-09-24 09:45 +0200
      Re: rational numbers Branimir Maksimovic <branimir.maksimovic@gmail.com> - 2021-09-24 07:50 +0000
      Re: rational numbers David Brown <david.brown@hesbynett.no> - 2021-09-24 10:58 +0200
        Re: rational numbers Siri Cruise <chine.bleu@yahoo.com> - 2021-09-24 02:48 -0700

csiph-web