Re: quick & easy random dir vector, how?

From	David Brown <david.brown@hesbynett.no>
Newsgroups	comp.lang.c
Subject	Re: quick & easy random dir vector, how?
Date	2019-05-31 16:12 +0200
Organization	A noiseless patient Spider
Message-ID	<qcrcoa$28b$1@dont-email.me> (permalink)
References	(1 earlier) <2cc42775-59ec-476e-a874-2a80f6360801@googlegroups.com> <87a7f3ig67.fsf@bsb.me.uk> <e3bf2bf2-1919-4fdd-b442-daa834bdc62a@googlegroups.com> <678a85fc-ee82-4a00-af6e-739b0432d7e4@googlegroups.com> <e0f63976-6c03-4ca0-bd75-18228329f655@googlegroups.com>

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On 31/05/2019 15:15, Rick C. Hodgin wrote:
> On Friday, May 31, 2019 at 8:55:04 AM UTC-4, Malcolm McLean wrote:
>> On Friday, 31 May 2019 13:20:21 UTC+1, Rick C. Hodgin  wrote:
>>> On Thursday, May 30, 2019 at 9:08:57 PM UTC-4, Ben Bacarisse wrote:
>>>> "Rick C. Hodgin" <rick.c.hodgin@gmail.com> writes:
>>>>> The discussion of good random algorithms came up a few months ago.
>>>>> Chris Thomasson posted a great algorithm:
>>>>>
>>>>>     https://groups.google.com/d/msg/comp.lang.c/RI0rdENv59s/BVUWgMBFDQAJ
>>>>>
>>>>> Use multi-channels, one for each [axis], with different seeds, and
>>>>> then perform the math to determine your values between 0.0 and 1.0.
>>>>
>>>> I think it's unlikely that that is the problematic part.  Once you have
>>>> a source of uniformly distributed floating-point numbers, the question
>>>> remains of how to pick a point on the unit sphere so that every point
>>>> (AKA direction) is equally likely.
>>>
>>> If he's looking for random vectors, you would not seek to move on
>>> the unit sphere, but in whatever directions there are on each axis.
>>>
>>> One could calculate the distance from your starting point to the
>>> ending point so that you move one logical unit.  An arbitrary velo-
>>> city on each axis (within reason), and an arbitrary direction on
>>> each axis, and you can move 1 unit at a time using completely ran-
>>> dom values without worrying anything about the unit sphere.  You
>>> could calculate them as random values 0..2pi and then resolve their
>>> (axis-relative) cos,sin coordinates to get real vector values, but
>>> that's just one way to do it.
>>>
>>> Is mine a correct thinking?
>>>
>> No, you want each point on the sphere surrounding your origin to have
>> an equal chance of being hit.
>> So if you take a random point of longitude, you get a random point on
>> the equator, which is a good start. But if you then take a random point
>> of latitude, the points cluster up near the poles - not so good.
>>
>> Another approach might be to take random x, y, z on a uniform box.
>> However then you get more random points towards the corners of the box.
>> You can get round this be excluding all points that don't lie within
>> the unit sphere. That's a bit icky, but it will work and is your first
>> method.
> 
> If you're using vectors, you have an arbitrary X, arbitrary Y, and
> arbitrary Z direction you're moving.  It should not bunch up on any
> axis, and should be linear across the spectrum of random values.
> 
> A random value for each axis computed between 0.0 and 2.0, then sub-
> tract 1.0 to make it -1.0 to 1.0, and then scale by your velocity
> vector whatever that is (a random value, or a known variable).
> 
> I may be thinking incorrectly, but I don't think I am. :-)
> 

You are thinking incorrectly - at least if the OP wants a uniform
distribution.

It is worth noting, however, that he asked for random direction but did
not specify the distribution.  If the distribution doesn't matter, then
your suggestions are simpler to implement.

Imagine he had asked for random numbers between 2 and 12.  An answer of
"roll two dice and add them" will give such random numbers.  But it
won't be uniformly distributed - it will bunch around 7.  Your
suggestions for directions will also span the range requested, but will
bunch up instead of being even across the sphere.

Thread

quick & easy random dir vector, how? fir <profesor.fir@gmail.com> - 2019-05-30 13:47 -0700
  Re: quick & easy random dir vector, how? "Rick C. Hodgin" <rick.c.hodgin@gmail.com> - 2019-05-30 13:56 -0700
    Re: quick & easy random dir vector, how? Ben Bacarisse <ben.usenet@bsb.me.uk> - 2019-05-31 02:08 +0100
      Re: quick & easy random dir vector, how? fir <profesor.fir@gmail.com> - 2019-05-31 00:51 -0700
      Re: quick & easy random dir vector, how? Malcolm McLean <malcolm.arthur.mclean@gmail.com> - 2019-05-31 02:12 -0700
        Re: quick & easy random dir vector, how? Eli the Bearded <*@eli.users.panix.com> - 2019-05-31 19:27 +0000
          Re: quick & easy random dir vector, how? fir <profesor.fir@gmail.com> - 2019-05-31 12:49 -0700
            Re: quick & easy random dir vector, how? Eli the Bearded <*@eli.users.panix.com> - 2019-05-31 20:36 +0000
              Re: quick & easy random dir vector, how? fir <profesor.fir@gmail.com> - 2019-05-31 14:00 -0700
                Re: quick & easy random dir vector, how? fir <profesor.fir@gmail.com> - 2019-05-31 14:19 -0700
      Re: quick & easy random dir vector, how? mark.bluemel@gmail.com - 2019-05-31 03:56 -0700
        Re: quick & easy random dir vector, how? queequeg@trust.no1 (Queequeg) - 2019-05-31 11:57 +0000
        Re: quick & easy random dir vector, how? Ben Bacarisse <ben.usenet@bsb.me.uk> - 2019-05-31 15:22 +0100
          Re: quick & easy random dir vector, how? fir <profesor.fir@gmail.com> - 2019-05-31 07:42 -0700
            Re: quick & easy random dir vector, how? fir <profesor.fir@gmail.com> - 2019-05-31 08:25 -0700
      Re: quick & easy random dir vector, how? "Rick C. Hodgin" <rick.c.hodgin@gmail.com> - 2019-05-31 05:20 -0700
        Re: quick & easy random dir vector, how? Bart <bc@freeuk.com> - 2019-05-31 13:39 +0100
          Re: quick & easy random dir vector, how? Ben Bacarisse <ben.usenet@bsb.me.uk> - 2019-05-31 15:51 +0100
          Re: quick & easy random dir vector, how? James Kuyper <jameskuyper@alumni.caltech.edu> - 2019-06-03 08:26 -0400
        Re: quick & easy random dir vector, how? Malcolm McLean <malcolm.arthur.mclean@gmail.com> - 2019-05-31 05:54 -0700
          Re: quick & easy random dir vector, how? "Rick C. Hodgin" <rick.c.hodgin@gmail.com> - 2019-05-31 06:15 -0700
            Re: quick & easy random dir vector, how? fir <profesor.fir@gmail.com> - 2019-05-31 06:23 -0700
            Re: quick & easy random dir vector, how? David Brown <david.brown@hesbynett.no> - 2019-05-31 16:12 +0200
              Re: quick & easy random dir vector, how? "Rick C. Hodgin" <rick.c.hodgin@gmail.com> - 2019-05-31 08:14 -0700
                Re: quick & easy random dir vector, how? David Brown <david.brown@hesbynett.no> - 2019-05-31 18:18 +0200
                Rick should killfile everybody. (Was: quick & easy random dir vector, how?) gazelle@shell.xmission.com (Kenny McCormack) - 2019-05-31 17:39 +0000
                Re: Rick should killfile everybody. (Was: quick & easy random dir vector, how?) "Rick C. Hodgin" <rick.c.hodgin@gmail.com> - 2019-05-31 10:55 -0700
                Re: Rick should killfile everybody. (Was: quick & easy random dir vector, how?) Bart <bc@freeuk.com> - 2019-05-31 22:33 +0100
                Re: Rick should killfile everybody. (Was: quick & easy random dir vector, how?) Keith Thompson <kst-u@mib.org> - 2019-05-31 16:26 -0700
                Re: Rick should killfile everybody. (Was: quick & easy random dir vector, how?) gazelle@shell.xmission.com (Kenny McCormack) - 2019-05-31 23:29 +0000
                Re: Rick should killfile everybody. (Was: quick & easy random dir vector, how?) gazelle@shell.xmission.com (Kenny McCormack) - 2019-05-31 23:28 +0000
                Re: quick & easy random dir vector, how? waterwitch86@gmail.com - 2019-06-09 03:47 -0700
            Re: quick & easy random dir vector, how? Ben Bacarisse <ben.usenet@bsb.me.uk> - 2019-05-31 15:43 +0100
              Re: quick & easy random dir vector, how? "Rick C. Hodgin" <rick.c.hodgin@gmail.com> - 2019-05-31 08:13 -0700
                Re: quick & easy random dir vector, how? Ben Bacarisse <ben.usenet@bsb.me.uk> - 2019-05-31 22:49 +0100
            Re: quick & easy random dir vector, how? Richard Damon <Richard@Damon-Family.org> - 2019-05-31 23:01 -0400
              Re: quick & easy random dir vector, how? "Rick C. Hodgin" <rick.c.hodgin@gmail.com> - 2019-06-01 04:10 -0700
                Re: quick & easy random dir vector, how? Ben Bacarisse <ben.usenet@bsb.me.uk> - 2019-06-01 13:47 +0100
                Re: quick & easy random dir vector, how? fir <profesor.fir@gmail.com> - 2019-06-01 12:04 -0700
                Re: quick & easy random dir vector, how? fir <profesor.fir@gmail.com> - 2019-06-01 12:35 -0700
                Re: quick & easy random dir vector, how? fir <profesor.fir@gmail.com> - 2019-06-01 12:53 -0700
                Re: quick & easy random dir vector, how? fir <profesor.fir@gmail.com> - 2019-06-01 14:52 -0700
                Re: quick & easy random dir vector, how? fir <profesor.fir@gmail.com> - 2019-06-01 15:04 -0700
                Re: quick & easy random dir vector, how? fir <profesor.fir@gmail.com> - 2019-06-01 15:41 -0700
            Re: quick & easy random dir vector, how? Anton Shepelev <anton.txt@gmail.com> - 2019-06-01 15:30 +0300
              Re: quick & easy random dir vector, how? "Rick C. Hodgin" <rick.c.hodgin@gmail.com> - 2019-06-03 05:30 -0700
                Re: quick & easy random dir vector, how? "Rick C. Hodgin" <rick.c.hodgin@gmail.com> - 2019-06-03 05:39 -0700
                Re: quick & easy random dir vector, how? Ben Bacarisse <ben.usenet@bsb.me.uk> - 2019-06-03 15:17 +0100
                Re: quick & easy random dir vector, how? "Rick C. Hodgin" <rick.c.hodgin@gmail.com> - 2019-06-03 07:32 -0700
                Re: quick & easy random dir vector, how? David Brown <david.brown@hesbynett.no> - 2019-06-03 18:09 +0200
                Re: quick & easy random dir vector, how? Ben Bacarisse <ben.usenet@bsb.me.uk> - 2019-06-03 21:14 +0100
                Re: quick & easy random dir vector, how? "Rick C. Hodgin" <rick.c.hodgin@gmail.com> - 2019-06-03 13:18 -0700
                Re: quick & easy random dir vector, how? Ben Bacarisse <ben.usenet@bsb.me.uk> - 2019-06-03 22:42 +0100
                Re: quick & easy random dir vector, how? "Rick C. Hodgin" <rick.c.hodgin@gmail.com> - 2019-06-03 16:21 -0700
                Re: quick & easy random dir vector, how? James Kuyper <jameskuyper@alumni.caltech.edu> - 2019-06-03 15:40 -0700
                Re: quick & easy random dir vector, how? "Rick C. Hodgin" <rick.c.hodgin@gmail.com> - 2019-06-04 05:19 -0700
                Re: quick & easy random dir vector, how? Ben Bacarisse <ben.usenet@bsb.me.uk> - 2019-06-04 16:31 +0100
                Re: quick & easy random dir vector, how? "Rick C. Hodgin" <rick.c.hodgin@gmail.com> - 2019-06-04 11:48 -0400
                Re: quick & easy random dir vector, how? "Chris M. Thomasson" <invalid_chris_thomasson_invalid@invalid.com> - 2019-06-04 21:09 -0700
                Re: quick & easy random dir vector, how? "Chris M. Thomasson" <invalid_chris_thomasson_invalid@invalid.com> - 2019-06-04 21:11 -0700
                Re: quick & easy random dir vector, how? jadill33@gmail.com - 2019-06-05 12:41 -0700
                Re: quick & easy random dir vector, how? jadill33@gmail.com - 2019-06-05 12:46 -0700
                Re: quick & easy random dir vector, how? "Chris M. Thomasson" <invalid_chris_thomasson_invalid@invalid.com> - 2019-06-05 13:53 -0700
                Re: quick & easy random dir vector, how? Eli the Bearded <*@eli.users.panix.com> - 2019-06-05 21:45 +0000
                Re: quick & easy random dir vector, how? "Chris M. Thomasson" <invalid_chris_thomasson_invalid@invalid.com> - 2019-06-05 23:06 -0700
                Re: quick & easy random dir vector, how? Eli the Bearded <*@eli.users.panix.com> - 2019-06-06 06:47 +0000
                Re: quick & easy random dir vector, how? "Chris M. Thomasson" <invalid_chris_thomasson_invalid@invalid.com> - 2019-06-06 18:32 -0700
                Re: quick & easy random dir vector, how? "Chris M. Thomasson" <invalid_chris_thomasson_invalid@invalid.com> - 2019-06-06 18:44 -0700
                Re: quick & easy random dir vector, how? richard@cogsci.ed.ac.uk (Richard Tobin) - 2019-06-05 13:43 +0000
                Re: quick & easy random dir vector, how? Malcolm McLean <malcolm.arthur.mclean@gmail.com> - 2019-06-05 07:24 -0700
                Re: quick & easy random dir vector, how? fir <profesor.fir@gmail.com> - 2019-06-05 13:29 -0700
                Re: quick & easy random dir vector, how? Tim Rentsch <tr.17687@z991.linuxsc.com> - 2019-06-05 08:05 -0700
                Re: quick & easy random dir vector, how? James Kuyper <jameskuyper@alumni.caltech.edu> - 2019-06-04 19:01 -0700
                Re: quick & easy random dir vector, how? James Kuyper <jameskuyper@alumni.caltech.edu> - 2019-06-06 22:57 -0400
                Re: quick & easy random dir vector, how? James Kuyper <jameskuyper@alumni.caltech.edu> - 2019-06-06 09:14 -0400
                Re: quick & easy random dir vector, how? "Rick C. Hodgin" <rick.c.hodgin@gmail.com> - 2019-06-06 08:10 -0700
                Re: quick & easy random dir vector, how? "F. Russell" <fr@random.info> - 2019-06-06 16:17 +0000
                Re: quick & easy random dir vector, how? James Kuyper <jameskuyper@alumni.caltech.edu> - 2019-06-06 20:18 -0400
                Re: quick & easy random dir vector, how? fir <profesor.fir@gmail.com> - 2019-06-06 23:22 -0700
                Re: quick & easy random dir vector, how? James Kuyper <jameskuyper@alumni.caltech.edu> - 2019-06-07 07:15 -0700
                Re: quick & easy random dir vector, how? Malcolm McLean <malcolm.arthur.mclean@gmail.com> - 2019-06-07 00:41 -0700
                Re: quick & easy random dir vector, how? "Rick C. Hodgin" <rick.c.hodgin@gmail.com> - 2019-06-09 13:57 -0700
                Re: quick & easy random dir vector, how? Richard Damon <Richard@Damon-Family.org> - 2019-06-10 08:18 -0400
                Re: quick & easy random dir vector, how? "Rick C. Hodgin" <rick.c.hodgin@gmail.com> - 2019-06-10 08:49 -0400
                Re: quick & easy random dir vector, how? Richard Damon <Richard@Damon-Family.org> - 2019-06-10 20:59 -0400
                Re: quick & easy random dir vector, how? "Rick C. Hodgin" <rick.c.hodgin@gmail.com> - 2019-06-10 18:27 -0700
                Rick is a Marine!!! (Was: quick & easy random dir vector, how?) gazelle@shell.xmission.com (Kenny McCormack) - 2019-06-10 13:53 +0000
                Re: Rick is a Marine!!! (Was: quick & easy random dir vector, how?) "Rick C. Hodgin" <rick.c.hodgin@gmail.com> - 2019-06-10 09:14 -0700
                Re: quick & easy random dir vector, how? James Kuyper <jameskuyper@alumni.caltech.edu> - 2019-06-10 07:24 -0700
            Re: quick & easy random dir vector, how? James Kuyper <jameskuyper@alumni.caltech.edu> - 2019-06-03 08:30 -0400
          Re: quick & easy random dir vector, how? fir <profesor.fir@gmail.com> - 2019-05-31 06:21 -0700
            Re: quick & easy random dir vector, how? fir <profesor.fir@gmail.com> - 2019-05-31 06:26 -0700
              Re: quick & easy random dir vector, how? fir <profesor.fir@gmail.com> - 2019-05-31 06:33 -0700
                Re: quick & easy random dir vector, how? fir <profesor.fir@gmail.com> - 2019-05-31 07:00 -0700
                Re: quick & easy random dir vector, how? fir <profesor.fir@gmail.com> - 2019-05-31 07:14 -0700
                Re: quick & easy random dir vector, how? fir <profesor.fir@gmail.com> - 2019-05-31 10:15 -0700
                Re: quick & easy random dir vector, how? fir <profesor.fir@gmail.com> - 2019-05-31 10:40 -0700
                Re: quick & easy random dir vector, how? fir <profesor.fir@gmail.com> - 2019-05-31 14:01 -0700
            Re: quick & easy random dir vector, how? Malcolm McLean <malcolm.arthur.mclean@gmail.com> - 2019-05-31 07:07 -0700
              Re: quick & easy random dir vector, how? fir <profesor.fir@gmail.com> - 2019-05-31 07:15 -0700
  Re: quick & easy random dir vector, how? Anton Shepelev <anton.txt@gmail.com> - 2019-06-01 00:40 +0300
    Re: quick & easy random dir vector, how? fir <profesor.fir@gmail.com> - 2019-05-31 14:54 -0700
    Re: quick & easy random dir vector, how? Clifford Heath <no.spam@please.net> - 2019-06-02 23:00 +1000
      Re: quick & easy random dir vector, how? Tim Rentsch <tr.17687@z991.linuxsc.com> - 2019-06-03 00:00 -0700
        Re: quick & easy random dir vector, how? Clifford Heath <no.spam@please.net> - 2019-06-03 17:33 +1000
          Re: quick & easy random dir vector, how? Malcolm McLean <malcolm.arthur.mclean@gmail.com> - 2019-06-03 00:55 -0700
          Re: quick & easy random dir vector, how? Tim Rentsch <tr.17687@z991.linuxsc.com> - 2019-06-04 10:00 -0700
  Re: quick & easy random dir vector, how? "Chris M. Thomasson" <invalid_chris_thomasson_invalid@invalid.com> - 2019-06-01 18:34 -0700
    Re: quick & easy random dir vector, how? Ben Bacarisse <ben.usenet@bsb.me.uk> - 2019-06-02 03:13 +0100
      Re: quick & easy random dir vector, how? "Chris M. Thomasson" <invalid_chris_thomasson_invalid@invalid.com> - 2019-06-01 21:47 -0700
    Re: quick & easy random dir vector, how? Anton Shepelev <anton.txt@gmail.com> - 2019-06-02 13:16 +0300
      Re: quick & easy random dir vector, how? "Rick C. Hodgin" <rick.c.hodgin@gmail.com> - 2019-06-02 05:38 -0700
        Re: quick & easy random dir vector, how? fir <profesor.fir@gmail.com> - 2019-06-02 05:54 -0700
          Re: quick & easy random dir vector, how? "Rick C. Hodgin" <rick.c.hodgin@gmail.com> - 2019-06-02 06:08 -0700
            Re: quick & easy random dir vector, how? fir <profesor.fir@gmail.com> - 2019-06-02 06:24 -0700
              Re: quick & easy random dir vector, how? fir <profesor.fir@gmail.com> - 2019-06-02 06:34 -0700
              Re: quick & easy random dir vector, how? "Rick C. Hodgin" <rick.c.hodgin@gmail.com> - 2019-06-02 06:43 -0700
                Re: quick & easy random dir vector, how? fir <profesor.fir@gmail.com> - 2019-06-02 07:06 -0700
                Re: quick & easy random dir vector, how? "Rick C. Hodgin" <rick.c.hodgin@gmail.com> - 2019-06-02 13:12 -0700
              Re: quick & easy random dir vector, how? "Rick C. Hodgin" <rick.c.hodgin@gmail.com> - 2019-06-02 06:58 -0700
                Re: quick & easy random dir vector, how? gazelle@shell.xmission.com (Kenny McCormack) - 2019-06-02 14:08 +0000
                Re: quick & easy random dir vector, how? "Chris M. Thomasson" <invalid_chris_thomasson_invalid@invalid.com> - 2019-06-02 21:56 -0700
                Re: quick & easy random dir vector, how? "Chris M. Thomasson" <invalid_chris_thomasson_invalid@invalid.com> - 2019-06-02 21:56 -0700
                Re: quick & easy random dir vector, how? "Rick C. Hodgin" <rick.c.hodgin@gmail.com> - 2019-06-03 02:47 -0700
                Re: quick & easy random dir vector, how? "Chris M. Thomasson" <invalid_chris_thomasson_invalid@invalid.com> - 2019-06-07 01:32 -0700
  Re: quick & easy random dir vector, how? "F. Russell" <frussell@random.info> - 2019-06-03 12:33 +0000
    Re: quick & easy random dir vector, how? fir <profesor.fir@gmail.com> - 2019-06-03 07:36 -0700
      Re: quick & easy random dir vector, how? "F. Russell" <frussell@random.info> - 2019-06-03 14:46 +0000
        Re: quick & easy random dir vector, how? fir <profesor.fir@gmail.com> - 2019-06-03 08:13 -0700
      Re: quick & easy random dir vector, how? fir <profesor.fir@gmail.com> - 2019-06-03 07:51 -0700

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