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Re: Kernel 4.9.0-7-686 Installed RAM vs. uabale RAM

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Le 07/08/2018 à 14:53, basti a écrit :
> Hello, I have a system with Kernel 4.9.0-7-686, installed RAM are 3x 1GB
> but free -m only show 2GB.
> 
> Whats wrong here?
(...)
> As I know 686 can address 4GB RAM

No. It can address 4 GiB memory space. Memory space does not contain 
only RAM, it is also used to address system devices such as the graphics 
controller. The part of the memory address space which is reserved for 
system devices is often called "PCI hole". Some motherboards reserve a 
very large amount of address space for the PCI hole, up to 2 GiB as I 
have already seen. When you are lucky, the RAM which cannot be mapped in 
the PCI hole can be remapped beyond the 4 GiB boundary. Sometimes it 
requires to enable an option in the BIOS settings. But you need a 
686-pae or amd64 kernel to use RAM beyond 4 GiB, as Michael pointed out.

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Kernel 4.9.0-7-686 Installed RAM vs. uabale RAM basti <mailinglist@unix-solution.de> - 2018-08-07 15:00 +0200
  Re: Kernel 4.9.0-7-686 Installed RAM vs. uabale RAM Michael Stone <mstone@debian.org> - 2018-08-07 15:10 +0200
  Re: Kernel 4.9.0-7-686 Installed RAM vs. uabale RAM Pascal Hambourg <pascal@plouf.fr.eu.org> - 2018-08-07 23:00 +0200
    Re: Kernel 4.9.0-7-686 Installed RAM vs. uabale RAM deloptes <deloptes@gmail.com> - 2018-08-08 00:30 +0200
      Re: Kernel 4.9.0-7-686 Installed RAM vs. uabale RAM Michael Stone <mstone@debian.org> - 2018-08-08 01:50 +0200
        Re: Kernel 4.9.0-7-686 Installed RAM vs. uabale RAM basti <mailinglist@unix-solution.de> - 2018-08-08 08:30 +0200
  Re: Kernel 4.9.0-7-686 Installed RAM vs. uabale RAM deloptes <deloptes@gmail.com> - 2018-08-12 20:00 +0200
    Re: Kernel 4.9.0-7-686 Installed RAM vs. uabale RAM Pascal Hambourg <pascal@plouf.fr.eu.org> - 2018-08-12 20:20 +0200
      Re: Kernel 4.9.0-7-686 Installed RAM vs. uabale RAM mick crane <mick.crane@gmail.com> - 2018-08-13 00:20 +0200

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