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Re: A counterintuitive breaking change related to new comparisons

From Andrey Tarasevich <andreytarasevich@hotmail.com>
Newsgroups comp.lang.c++
Subject Re: A counterintuitive breaking change related to new comparisons
Date 2022-01-03 14:24 -0800
Organization A noiseless patient Spider
Message-ID <sqvt2d$as4$1@dont-email.me> (permalink)
References <sqvcts$h94$1@dont-email.me>

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On 1/3/2022 9:48 AM, Andrey Tarasevich wrote:
> A colleague discovered that switching from `-stc=c++17` to `-std=c++20` 
> in their project resulted in a different behavior from some associative 
> containers. A bit of research allowed to narrow down the culprit to what 
> can be demonstrated by the following minimalist example
> 
>    #include <iostream>
> 
>    struct S
>    {
>      char c;
> 
>      operator const char *() const { return &c; }
> 
>      friend bool operator <(const S& lhs, const S& rhs)
>        { return lhs.c < rhs.c; }
>    };
> 
>    int main()
>    {
>      std::pair<int, S> p1{}, p2{};
>      std::cout << (p1 < p2) << (p2 < p1) << std::endl;
>    }
> 
> C++17 compilers output `00`. C++20 compilers output `01` (or, perhaps, 
> `10`).
> 
> The obvious guess is that comparisons for `std::pair` work differently 
> in C++20 after the introduction of `<=>`. And indeed, the `<=>` operator 
> for `std::pair` in this case ignores the user-defined `<` and instead 
> opts for raw pointer comparison through conversion to `const char *`. 
> This is a rather surprising and counterintuitive breaking change, to put 
> it mildly...
> 
> If we remove the user-defined conversion to `const char *`, C++20 will 
> use the user-defined `<` and also output `00`.
> 
> The above results were obtained with GCC. Clang 10 outputs `00` even in 
> `-std=c++20` mode, but Clang 11 and later output `01`.

To take out of the picture the irrelevant matter of undefined pointer 
comparison, here's another example

   #include <iostream>

   struct S
   {
     int a;

     S(int a) : a(a) {}

     operator int() const { return a; }

     friend bool operator <(const S& lhs, const S& rhs)
       { return lhs.a > rhs.a; }
   };

   int main()
   {
     std::pair<int, S> p1{ 0, 1 }, p2{ 0, 2 };
     std::cout << (p1 < p2) << (p2 < p1) << std::endl;
   }

This program outputs `01` in C++17 mode (and earlier)
http://coliru.stacked-crooked.com/a/98f0b6b57e9caf45

but outputs `10` in C++20 mode
http://coliru.stacked-crooked.com/a/3f8c3e96cd39f596

In C++17 the user-defined comparison operator is used. In C++20 
conversion to `int` and subsequent comparison of `int`s is used.

-- 
Best regards,
Andrey Tarasevich

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Thread

A counterintuitive breaking change related to new comparisons Andrey Tarasevich <andreytarasevich@hotmail.com> - 2022-01-03 09:48 -0800
  Re: A counterintuitive breaking change related to new comparisons Chris Vine <chris@cvine--nospam--.freeserve.co.uk> - 2022-01-03 21:06 +0000
    Re: A counterintuitive breaking change related to new comparisons Andrey Tarasevich <andreytarasevich@hotmail.com> - 2022-01-03 14:13 -0800
      Re: A counterintuitive breaking change related to new comparisons Chris Vine <chris@cvine--nospam--.freeserve.co.uk> - 2022-01-04 00:23 +0000
        Re: A counterintuitive breaking change related to new comparisons Andrey Tarasevich <andreytarasevich@hotmail.com> - 2022-01-03 16:33 -0800
          Re: A counterintuitive breaking change related to new comparisons Juha Nieminen <nospam@thanks.invalid> - 2022-01-04 08:27 +0000
            Re: A counterintuitive breaking change related to new comparisons "Alf P. Steinbach" <alf.p.steinbach@gmail.com> - 2022-01-04 17:24 +0100
            Re: A counterintuitive breaking change related to new comparisons Andrey Tarasevich <andreytarasevich@hotmail.com> - 2022-01-04 10:26 -0800
        Re: A counterintuitive breaking change related to new comparisons Chris Vine <chris@cvine--nospam--.freeserve.co.uk> - 2022-01-04 00:39 +0000
  Re: A counterintuitive breaking change related to new comparisons Andrey Tarasevich <andreytarasevich@hotmail.com> - 2022-01-03 14:24 -0800
    Re: A counterintuitive breaking change related to new comparisons "Alf P. Steinbach" <alf.p.steinbach@gmail.com> - 2022-01-03 23:55 +0100
    Re: A counterintuitive breaking change related to new comparisons Manfred <noname@add.invalid> - 2022-01-04 00:56 +0100
      Re: A counterintuitive breaking change related to new comparisons Manfred <noname@add.invalid> - 2022-01-04 00:59 +0100
      Re: A counterintuitive breaking change related to new comparisons Andrey Tarasevich <andreytarasevich@hotmail.com> - 2022-01-03 16:59 -0800
        Re: A counterintuitive breaking change related to new comparisons Chris Vine <chris@cvine--nospam--.freeserve.co.uk> - 2022-01-04 01:27 +0000
        Re: A counterintuitive breaking change related to new comparisons Öö Tiib <ootiib@hot.ee> - 2022-01-04 14:49 -0800
          Re: A counterintuitive breaking change related to new comparisons Öö Tiib <ootiib@hot.ee> - 2022-01-04 15:16 -0800
          Re: A counterintuitive breaking change related to new comparisons Andrey Tarasevich <andreytarasevich@hotmail.com> - 2022-01-05 09:06 -0800
  Re: A counterintuitive breaking change related to new comparisons "Chris M. Thomasson" <chris.m.thomasson.1@gmail.com> - 2022-01-03 18:51 -0800
  Re: A counterintuitive breaking change related to new comparisons wij <wyniijj@gmail.com> - 2022-01-04 03:53 -0800
    Re: A counterintuitive breaking change related to new comparisons wij <wyniijj@gmail.com> - 2022-01-04 21:59 -0800

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