Re: A good subset of C

From	BGB <cr88192@hotmail.com>
Newsgroups	comp.lang.misc
Subject	Re: A good subset of C
Date	2014-05-05 19:08 -0500
Organization	albasani.net
Message-ID	<lk9971$fcd$1@news.albasani.net> (permalink)
References	<lk7flm$m95$1@dont-email.me>

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On 5/5/2014 2:47 AM, James Harris wrote:
> In two recent threads we discussed good and bad points about C. Some good
> things were mentioned but the focus was mainly on the points that we would
> like to fix. I got to wondering if there could be considered a "good" subset
> of C - i.e. of the whole programming approach including language,
> preprocessor, standard library etc.
>
> The subset should be much easier to compile than full C but it does not need
> to do everything that a programming language should; things could be added.
>
> Put another way, if you were designing a new language based on C what parts
> of C would you keep in?
>
> James
>
>

well, it can be split into two levels:
what is needed for the backend;
what is needed for the HLL.

backend (fundamental):
	functions, arguments, locals, globals,
	int (*), pointers, unary and binary operators,
	conditional jumps (if/goto),
	call/return, function-pointers

*: though long long, float, and double are nice.
various sub-int types can be mostly emulated, and unsigned can be 
handled mostly via a few special-case operations.

high-level features are more hit or miss, though many can basically be 
easily implemented essentially as "sugar" over the prior list.

in a recent (starting about a week ago) attempt of mine to revive a C 
compiler project of mine, I have mostly ended up with a backend that 
looks like:
	functions, arguments, locals, globals, temporaries,
	int/longlong/float/double, pointers, structs/unions,
	unary and binary operators,
	conditional jumps (if/goto),
	call/return, function-pointers

generally implemented with a statically-typed register-IR, ex:
	k=3*i+j;
might become:
	BINOP.MUL.IC	R0, L0, 3
	BINOP.ADD.I	L2, R0, L1
which might in-turn look in bytecode like:
	81 02 20 00 03
	80 04 02 01

I ended up making 3 disjoint types of register (temporaries, arguments, 
locals), which while making the bytecode slightly more hairy, I figured 
that either way the backend will need to deal with these, and the goal 
was mostly to try to allow a simpler and faster backend at the expense 
of a more complex bytecode-compiler.

another sub-goal being to allow a fairly stupid JIT to produce 
reasonably efficient machine code.

the C variant supported will likely be more-or-less feature-complete.
as-above, sub-int types are mostly faked.

there are a few instructions to support bitfields, but they will 
probably also apply to generic shift-and-mask logic as well.

not sure what features could really be left out without effecting much.
probably:
K&R style declarations;
enums;
bit-fields;
...

some features could be potentially changed/omitted with a "modest" impact:
no more physical nesting of structures or unions;
no more in-place fixed-length arrays (*2);
disallowing macros which alter the lexical code structure (could allow 
pushing macros much later into the compilation process);
moving over to C# style declaration parsing (no more context dependence 
or a need to rely on typedefs for parsing, but would constrain 
declaration parsing in some cases);
...

*2: actually, the current VM will partly do this in the case of local 
arrays, which will likely be implemented internally essentially as 
heap-allocated arrays (probably using a pool allocator).

or such...

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Thread

A good subset of C "James Harris" <james.harris.1@gmail.com> - 2014-05-05 08:47 +0100
  Re: A good subset of C "BartC" <bc@freeuk.com> - 2014-05-05 10:56 +0100
    Re: A good subset of C "James Harris" <james.harris.1@gmail.com> - 2014-05-05 19:41 +0100
      Re: A good subset of C "BartC" <bc@freeuk.com> - 2014-05-05 21:08 +0100
        Re: A good subset of C "James Harris" <james.harris.1@gmail.com> - 2014-05-05 21:58 +0100
          Re: A good subset of C "BartC" <bc@freeuk.com> - 2014-05-05 22:55 +0100
            Re: A good subset of C "James Harris" <james.harris.1@gmail.com> - 2014-05-06 00:01 +0100
              Re: A good subset of C "BartC" <bc@freeuk.com> - 2014-05-06 00:44 +0100
          Re: A good subset of C "BartC" <bc@freeuk.com> - 2014-05-06 09:45 +0100
  Re: A good subset of C "Rod Pemberton" <dont_use_email@xnothavet.cqm> - 2014-05-05 07:33 -0400
    Re: A good subset of C "BartC" <bc@freeuk.com> - 2014-05-05 19:14 +0100
    Re: A good subset of C "James Harris" <james.harris.1@gmail.com> - 2014-05-05 20:12 +0100
      Re: A good subset of C "Rod Pemberton" <dont_use_email@xnothavet.cqm> - 2014-05-05 18:57 -0400
        Re: A good subset of C "James Harris" <james.harris.1@gmail.com> - 2014-05-07 11:55 +0100
          Re: A good subset of C "Rod Pemberton" <dont_use_email@xnothavet.cqm> - 2014-05-07 19:04 -0400
            Re: A good subset of C "James Harris" <james.harris.1@gmail.com> - 2014-05-08 10:14 +0100
              Re: A good subset of C "Rod Pemberton" <dont_use_email@xnothavet.cqm> - 2014-05-08 07:35 -0400
                Re: A good subset of C "James Harris" <james.harris.1@gmail.com> - 2014-05-08 16:22 +0100
                Re: A good subset of C "Rod Pemberton" <dont_use_email@xnothavet.cqm> - 2014-05-09 16:45 -0400
                Re: A good subset of C "Dmitry A. Kazakov" <mailbox@dmitry-kazakov.de> - 2014-05-10 09:04 +0200
                Re: A good subset of C "Rod Pemberton" <dont_use_email@xnothavet.cqm> - 2014-05-10 16:30 -0400
                Re: A good subset of C "Dmitry A. Kazakov" <mailbox@dmitry-kazakov.de> - 2014-05-11 11:59 +0200
                Re: A good subset of C "Rod Pemberton" <dont_use_email@xnothavet.cqm> - 2014-05-11 11:06 -0400
                Re: A good subset of C Kaz Kylheku <kaz@kylheku.com> - 2014-05-12 00:26 +0000
                Re: A good subset of C "Dmitry A. Kazakov" <mailbox@dmitry-kazakov.de> - 2014-05-12 09:54 +0200
                Re: A good subset of C "Rod Pemberton" <dont_use_email@xnothavet.cqm> - 2014-05-12 20:01 -0400
                Re: A good subset of C "James Harris" <james.harris.1@gmail.com> - 2014-05-14 17:45 +0100
                Re: A good subset of C "Rod Pemberton" <dont_use_email@xnothavet.cqm> - 2014-05-14 18:11 -0400
                Re: A good subset of C "James Harris" <james.harris.1@gmail.com> - 2014-05-14 23:54 +0100
                Re: A good subset of C "Rod Pemberton" <dont_use_email@xnothavet.cqm> - 2014-05-14 19:43 -0400
                Re: A good subset of C "James Harris" <james.harris.1@gmail.com> - 2014-05-17 18:00 +0100
                Re: A good subset of C "Rod Pemberton" <dont_use_email@xnothavet.cqm> - 2014-05-17 16:00 -0400
                Re: A good subset of C "James Harris" <james.harris.1@gmail.com> - 2014-05-17 22:17 +0100
                Re: A good subset of C "Rod Pemberton" <dont_use_email@xnothavet.cqm> - 2014-05-17 19:58 -0400
                Re: A good subset of C "James Harris" <james.harris.1@gmail.com> - 2014-05-18 07:59 +0100
                Re: A good subset of C "Rod Pemberton" <dont_use_email@xnothavet.cqm> - 2014-05-18 13:10 -0400
                Re: A good subset of C "James Harris" <james.harris.1@gmail.com> - 2014-05-19 00:54 +0100
                Re: A good subset of C Andy Walker <news@cuboid.co.uk> - 2014-05-15 01:31 +0100
                Re: A good subset of C BGB <cr88192@hotmail.com> - 2014-05-14 23:43 -0500
                Re: A good subset of C "James Harris" <james.harris.1@gmail.com> - 2014-05-17 18:38 +0100
                Re: A good subset of C Ian Collins <ian-news@hotmail.com> - 2014-05-25 11:04 +1200
                Re: A good subset of C "Rod Pemberton" <dont_use_email@xnothavet.cqm> - 2014-05-24 20:36 -0400
                Re: A good subset of C Ian Collins <ian-news@hotmail.com> - 2014-05-25 12:53 +1200
                Re: A good subset of C "Rod Pemberton" <dont_use_email@xnothavet.cqm> - 2014-05-24 21:34 -0400
                Re: A good subset of C Ian Collins <ian-news@hotmail.com> - 2014-05-25 14:11 +1200
                Re: A good subset of C Kaz Kylheku <kaz@kylheku.com> - 2014-05-25 06:47 +0000
                Re: A good subset of C Kaz Kylheku <kaz@kylheku.com> - 2014-05-25 06:43 +0000
  Re: A good subset of C "James Harris" <james.harris.1@gmail.com> - 2014-05-05 20:59 +0100
    Re: A good subset of C "BartC" <bc@freeuk.com> - 2014-05-05 22:28 +0100
      Re: A good subset of C "Rod Pemberton" <dont_use_email@xnothavet.cqm> - 2014-05-05 18:57 -0400
        Re: A good subset of C "BartC" <bc@freeuk.com> - 2014-05-06 00:26 +0100
      Re: A good subset of C George Neuner <gneuner2@comcast.net> - 2014-05-06 14:21 -0400
        Re: A good subset of C "James Harris" <james.harris.1@gmail.com> - 2014-05-07 15:43 +0100
          Re: A good subset of C George Neuner <gneuner2@comcast.net> - 2014-05-07 16:03 -0400
            Re: A good subset of C "BartC" <bc@freeuk.com> - 2014-05-07 21:31 +0100
          Re: A good subset of C BGB <cr88192@hotmail.com> - 2014-05-07 15:41 -0500
    Re: A good subset of C "Rod Pemberton" <dont_use_email@xnothavet.cqm> - 2014-05-05 18:46 -0400
      Re: A good subset of C "James Harris" <james.harris.1@gmail.com> - 2014-05-06 00:42 +0100
        Re: A good subset of C "Rod Pemberton" <dont_use_email@xnothavet.cqm> - 2014-05-06 06:48 -0400
          Re: A good subset of C "James Harris" <james.harris.1@gmail.com> - 2014-05-07 15:40 +0100
            Re: A good subset of C "Rod Pemberton" <dont_use_email@xnothavet.cqm> - 2014-05-08 06:50 -0400
              Re: A good subset of C "James Harris" <james.harris.1@gmail.com> - 2014-05-08 15:43 +0100
                Re: A good subset of C George Neuner <gneuner2@comcast.net> - 2014-05-08 14:41 -0400
  Re: A good subset of C BGB <cr88192@hotmail.com> - 2014-05-05 19:08 -0500

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