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Specific mdadm instructions for Gene [WAS Re: new computer arriving soon]

From "Andrew M.A. Cater" <amacater@einval.com>
Newsgroups linux.debian.user
Subject Specific mdadm instructions for Gene [WAS Re: new computer arriving soon]
Date 2025-01-02 17:00 +0100
Message-ID <K0vM5-518c-1@gated-at.bofh.it> (permalink)
References (5 earlier) <JZCcV-4hxc-1@gated-at.bofh.it> <JZOH8-4rE4-39@gated-at.bofh.it> <JZSro-4zaV-3@gated-at.bofh.it> <JZTnr-4BFr-1@gated-at.bofh.it> <JZUjv-4CuX-3@gated-at.bofh.it>
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On Tue, Dec 31, 2024 at 06:54:55PM -0500, gene heskett wrote:
> 
> > > > > > Good question Marc. I'm searching for someone who knows how to combine 4
> > > > > > ea 4T SSD's into one volume for use with amanda, the lvm docs are
> > > > > > somewhat confusing, lacking the context that actually teaches.
> > > > > > 

NOTE: This is not guaranteed advice. Armbian is NOT Debian and the version
name you quote is based on Ubuntu 24.04 LTS.

This advice is largely taken from Jeff Geerling - who spends a lot of
time with ARM based single board computers at
https://www.jeffgeerling.com/blog/2021/htgwa-create-raid-array-linux-mdadm

Operating system: Armbian Noble - you don't say whether this is a version
with a desktop or not. I'm assuming the minimal server version from their
website - from 17th November 2024 - 472MB download.

Assumptions:
============

Assuming you want RAID 10 (from a later reply in this thread) and you're
going to *just* use one single RAID volume and not also use LVM.
Assuming also that you're going to format the disks as GPT, use the full
extent of the disks and format the partition on each one of them as a RAID
partition.
[The alternative is to mark the whole disk as usable by RAID which means that
you may need to remember to zero superblocks and so on if/when you re-use
them elsewhere].

All commands below are given as sudo commands

Run the command lsblk to list all the drives on your system.

sudo lsblk

Note down the device names of the drives you wish to use.
For the purposes of the command I give below, I'm assuming they are
/dev/sda to /dev/sdd and that partitions will be /dev/sda1, sdb1 and so on.

Jeff uses wipefs to wipe the drives - if they've never had anything on
them, you may not need to do this.

He also uses a command called sgdisk to partion the disks - I suspect
that there are equivalents with parted.

sudo apt install sgdisk

sudo sgdisk -n 1:0:0 /dev/sda
sudo sgdisk -n 1:0:0 /dev/sdb
sudo sgdisk -n 1:0:0 /dev/sdc
sudo sgdisk -n 1:0:0 /dev/sdd

Run lsblk again and you should see /dev/sda1, /dev/sdb1 and so on.

You may already have mdadm - if not, install it with

sudo apt install mdadm

Creating the RAID10 with mdadm
==============================

sudo mdadm --create --verbose /dev/md0 --level=10 --raid-devices=4 /dev/sd[a-d]1

(This is one line - if it gets reformatted, all the commands with dashes are
-- double dashes. Similarly in the following commands)

Verifying the RAID10 exists and is working
==========================================

sudo mdadm --detail /dev/md0

Make the array persistent by adding it to /etc/mdadm/mdadm.conf
===============================================================

sudo mdadm --detail --scan --verbose | sudo tee -a /etc/mdadm/mdadm.conf

Format the array - this is using "lazy" formatting to avoid long initialisation
===============================================================================

sudo mkfs.ext4 -m 0 -E lazy_itable_init=0,lazy_journal_init=0 /dev/md0

Check with lsblk for md0 and mount the array
============================================

lsblk should show the individual elements of /dev/md0

Make a mount point and mount the array

sudo mkdir /mnt/raid0
sudo mount /dev/md0 /mnt/raid0

sudo df -h should show it

Add it to /etc/fstab
====================

If you don't add the mount to /etc/fstab, it won't be mounted after you reboot!

$ sudo blkid
...
/dev/md0: UUID="5d3b012c-e5f6-49d1-9014-1c61e982594f" TYPE="ext4"

Then, edit /etc/fstab (e.g. sudo nano /etc/fstab) and add a line like the following to the end:

UUID=5d3b012c-e5f6-49d1-9014-1c61e982594f /mnt/raid0 ext4 defaults 0 0

Save that file and reboot.

Note: If genfstab is available on your system, use it instead. Much less likely to asplode things:

sudo genfstab -U /mnt/raid0 >> /etc/fstab.

> banana pi-m5. so far armbian noble has it covered. The only thing I haven't
> tried on them is linuxcnc as it depends on a specific version of gpio for
> some of its 50 microsecond IRQ response time.

I have found another post from a Debian developer whose experience with
specifically the BananaPi M-5 was not useful who specifically suggested
against it and similar SBCs with Amlogic chipsets.

> > How are you connecting your SSDs? Via USB3 or via good quality SATA leads
> > and high quality power supply?
> > 

If you find that connection via USB3 doesn't work well for you and that
the board seems underpowered, you will be completely out on your own again
I think.

> > 
> > Hope this helps - all the very best, as ever,
> > Andy Cater
> > (amacater@debian.org).
> > > Thanks Andy, Bookmarked FFR.
> > > > 
> > > > > Cheers, Gene Heskett, CET.
> > > > > -- 
> > > > > "There are four boxes to be used in defense of liberty:
> > > > >    soap, ballot, jury, and ammo. Please use in that order."
> > > > > -Ed Howdershelt (Author, 1940)
> > > > > If we desire respect for the law, we must first make the law respectable.
> > > > >    - Louis D. Brandeis
> > > > > 
> > > > .
> > > Cheers, Gene Heskett, CET.
> > > -- 
> > > "There are four boxes to be used in defense of liberty:
> > >   soap, ballot, jury, and ammo. Please use in that order."
> > > -Ed Howdershelt (Author, 1940)
> > > If we desire respect for the law, we must first make the law respectable.
> > >   - Louis D. Brandeis
> > > 
> > .
> 
> Cheers, Gene Heskett, CET.
> -- 
> "There are four boxes to be used in defense of liberty:
>  soap, ballot, jury, and ammo. Please use in that order."
> -Ed Howdershelt (Author, 1940)
> If we desire respect for the law, we must first make the law respectable.
>  - Louis D. Brandeis
>

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Thread

new computer arriving soon "Roy J. Tellason, Sr." <roy@rtellason.com> - 2024-12-21 18:50 +0100
  Re: new computer arriving soon "Andrew M.A. Cater" <amacater@einval.com> - 2024-12-21 20:30 +0100
    Re: new computer arriving soon Joe <joe@jretrading.com> - 2024-12-21 21:20 +0100
      Re: new computer arriving soon "Roy J. Tellason, Sr." <roy@rtellason.com> - 2024-12-22 02:20 +0100
    Re: new computer arriving soon "Roy J. Tellason, Sr." <roy@rtellason.com> - 2024-12-22 02:20 +0100
      UEFI, Export from Virtualbox [WAS Re: new computer arriving soon] "Andrew M.A. Cater" <amacater@einval.com> - 2024-12-22 09:50 +0100
      Re: new computer arriving soon "Roy J. Tellason, Sr." <roy@rtellason.com> - 2024-12-26 20:40 +0100
        Re: new computer arriving soon David Christensen <dpchrist@holgerdanske.com> - 2024-12-26 23:40 +0100
          Re: new computer arriving soon David Wright <deblis@lionunicorn.co.uk> - 2024-12-27 17:30 +0100
            Re: new computer arriving soon Marc Shapiro <marcnshap@gmail.com> - 2024-12-31 05:10 +0100
              Re: new computer arriving soon gene heskett <gheskett@shentel.net> - 2024-12-31 05:40 +0100
                Re: new computer arriving soon "Andrew M.A. Cater" <amacater@einval.com> - 2024-12-31 19:00 +0100
                Re: new computer arriving soon gene heskett <gheskett@shentel.net> - 2024-12-31 23:00 +0100
                Re: new computer arriving soon "Andrew M.A. Cater" <amacater@einval.com> - 2025-01-01 00:00 +0100
                Re: new computer arriving soon gene heskett <gheskett@shentel.net> - 2025-01-01 01:00 +0100
                Re: new computer arriving soon pocket@homemail.com - 2025-01-01 15:00 +0100
                Re: new computer arriving soon Frank Guthausen <fg.debian@shimps.de> - 2025-01-01 15:30 +0100
                Re: new computer arriving soon pocket@homemail.com - 2025-01-01 15:40 +0100
                Re: new computer arriving soon Michael Stone <mstone@debian.org> - 2025-01-01 16:40 +0100
                Re: new computer arriving soon pocket@homemail.com - 2025-01-01 17:20 +0100
                Re: new computer arriving soon Michael Stone <mstone@debian.org> - 2025-01-01 18:00 +0100
                Re: new computer arriving soon pocket@homemail.com - 2025-01-01 18:00 +0100
                Re: new computer arriving soon Max Nikulin <manikulin@gmail.com> - 2025-01-02 03:10 +0100
                Re: new computer arriving soon pocket@homemail.com - 2025-01-02 03:40 +0100
                Re: new computer arriving soon Charles Curley <charlescurley@charlescurley.com> - 2025-01-01 17:30 +0100
                Re: new computer arriving soon Michael Stone <mstone@debian.org> - 2025-01-01 18:20 +0100
                Re: new computer arriving soon gene heskett <gheskett@shentel.net> - 2025-01-01 22:00 +0100
                Re: new computer arriving soon Joe <joe@jretrading.com> - 2025-01-01 19:50 +0100
                Re: new computer arriving soon gene heskett <gheskett@shentel.net> - 2025-01-01 22:50 +0100
                Re: new computer arriving soon Andy Smith <andy@strugglers.net> - 2025-01-02 14:50 +0100
                Re: new computer arriving soon gene heskett <gheskett@shentel.net> - 2025-01-03 04:00 +0100
                Re: new computer arriving soon gene heskett <gheskett@shentel.net> - 2025-01-03 17:30 +0100
                Re: new computer arriving soon Andy Smith <andy@strugglers.net> - 2025-01-03 13:10 +0100
                Re: new computer arriving soon Max Nikulin <manikulin@gmail.com> - 2025-01-02 03:30 +0100
                Re: new computer arriving soon pocket@homemail.com - 2025-01-02 03:40 +0100
                Re: new computer arriving soon Max Nikulin <manikulin@gmail.com> - 2025-01-02 04:30 +0100
                Re: new computer arriving soon pocket@homemail.com - 2025-01-02 04:50 +0100
                Re: new computer arriving soon Max Nikulin <manikulin@gmail.com> - 2025-01-02 16:40 +0100
                Re: new computer arriving soon pocket@homemail.com - 2025-01-02 17:10 +0100
                Re: new computer arriving soon Max Nikulin <manikulin@gmail.com> - 2025-01-04 05:00 +0100
                Re: new computer arriving soon gene heskett <gheskett@shentel.net> - 2025-01-04 11:20 +0100
                Gene and networkmanager (was: Re: new computer arriving soon) Max Nikulin <manikulin@gmail.com> - 2025-01-05 04:50 +0100
                Re: Gene and networkmanager (was: Re: new computer arriving soon) gene heskett <gheskett@shentel.net> - 2025-01-05 17:20 +0100
                /dev/serial/by-id (was: Re: new computer arriving soon) Max Nikulin <manikulin@gmail.com> - 2025-01-05 05:00 +0100
                Re: /dev/serial/by-id (was: Re: new computer arriving soon) gene heskett <gheskett@shentel.net> - 2025-01-05 17:30 +0100
                Re: /dev/serial/by-id Max Nikulin <manikulin@gmail.com> - 2025-01-06 03:30 +0100
                Re: /dev/serial/by-id gene heskett <gheskett@shentel.net> - 2025-01-06 08:20 +0100
                Re: /dev/serial/by-id Max Nikulin <manikulin@gmail.com> - 2025-01-07 04:20 +0100
                Re: /dev/serial/by-id gene heskett <gheskett@shentel.net> - 2025-01-07 10:00 +0100
                Re: /dev/serial/by-id gene heskett <gheskett@shentel.net> - 2025-01-07 14:50 +0100
                Mass storage sizes (was: /dev/serial/by-id) Stefan Monnier <monnier@iro.umontreal.ca> - 2025-01-07 16:10 +0100
                Re: Mass storage sizes (was: /dev/serial/by-id) Dan Purgert <dan@djph.net> - 2025-01-07 16:50 +0100
                Re: Mass storage sizes eben@gmx.us - 2025-01-07 17:10 +0100
                Re: Mass storage sizes <tomas@tuxteam.de> - 2025-01-07 17:40 +0100
                Re: Mass storage sizes eben@gmx.us - 2025-01-07 18:00 +0100
                Re: Mass storage sizes Stefan Monnier <monnier@iro.umontreal.ca> - 2025-01-07 20:40 +0100
                Re: Mass storage sizes <tomas@tuxteam.de> - 2025-01-08 06:30 +0100
                Re: Mass storage sizes (was: /dev/serial/by-id) Michael Stone <mstone@debian.org> - 2025-01-07 17:10 +0100
                Re: Mass storage sizes (was: /dev/serial/by-id) Michael Stone <mstone@debian.org> - 2025-01-07 17:30 +0100
                Re: Mass storage sizes (was: /dev/serial/by-id) Dan Purgert <dan@djph.net> - 2025-01-07 18:10 +0100
                Re: Mass storage sizes (was: /dev/serial/by-id) Nicholas Geovanis <nickgeovanis@gmail.com> - 2025-01-09 04:10 +0100
                Re: Mass storage sizes (was: /dev/serial/by-id) Michael Stone <mstone@debian.org> - 2025-01-09 05:50 +0100
                Re: Mass storage sizes Stefan Monnier <monnier@iro.umontreal.ca> - 2025-01-09 16:30 +0100
                Re: Mass storage sizes Dan Purgert <dan@djph.net> - 2025-01-09 18:10 +0100
                Re: Mass storage sizes (was: /dev/serial/by-id) Nicolas George <george@nsup.org> - 2025-01-09 21:50 +0100
                Re: Mass storage sizes (was: /dev/serial/by-id) Michael Stone <mstone@debian.org> - 2025-01-10 00:50 +0100
                Re: Mass storage sizes (was: /dev/serial/by-id) Jeffrey Walton <noloader@gmail.com> - 2025-01-10 01:10 +0100
                Re: Mass storage sizes (was: /dev/serial/by-id) Timothy M Butterworth <timothy.m.butterworth@gmail.com> - 2025-01-10 02:10 +0100
                Re: Mass storage sizes (was: /dev/serial/by-id) Dan Purgert <dan@djph.net> - 2025-01-10 11:00 +0100
                Re: Mass storage sizes (was: /dev/serial/by-id) gene heskett <gheskett@shentel.net> - 2025-01-10 15:10 +0100
                Re: Mass storage sizes (was: /dev/serial/by-id) <tomas@tuxteam.de> - 2025-01-10 07:30 +0100
                Re: Mass storage sizes John Hasler <john@sugarbit.com> - 2025-01-10 15:50 +0100
                Re: Mass storage sizes eben@gmx.us - 2025-01-10 21:40 +0100
                Re: Mass storage sizes gene heskett <gheskett@shentel.net> - 2025-01-11 01:50 +0100
                Re: Mass storage sizes Jeffrey Walton <noloader@gmail.com> - 2025-01-11 01:40 +0100
                Re: Mass storage sizes (was: /dev/serial/by-id) Heriberto Avelino <heriberto.avelino@gmail.com> - 2025-01-10 01:30 +0100
                Re: Mass storage sizes Kushal Kumaran <kushal@locationd.net> - 2025-01-07 20:20 +0100
                Re: Mass storage sizes Nicolas George <george@nsup.org> - 2025-01-07 21:10 +0100
                Re: Mass storage sizes Michael Stone <mstone@debian.org> - 2025-01-07 23:10 +0100
                Re: Mass storage sizes Urs Thuermann <urs@isnogud.escape.de> - 2025-01-10 03:00 +0100
                Re: Mass storage sizes Michael Stone <mstone@debian.org> - 2025-01-10 05:30 +0100
                Re: Mass storage sizes Stefan Monnier <monnier@iro.umontreal.ca> - 2025-01-10 15:40 +0100
                Re: Mass storage sizes Charles Curley <charlescurley@charlescurley.com> - 2025-01-07 23:10 +0100
                Re: Mass storage sizes gene heskett <gheskett@shentel.net> - 2025-01-08 00:30 +0100
                Re: Mass storage sizes "Thomas Schmitt" <scdbackup@gmx.net> - 2025-01-07 17:40 +0100
                Re: Mass storage sizes Stefan Monnier <monnier@iro.umontreal.ca> - 2025-01-07 20:30 +0100
                Re: Mass storage sizes (was: /dev/serial/by-id) Jeffrey Walton <noloader@gmail.com> - 2025-01-09 08:40 +0100
                Re: /dev/serial/by-id Max Nikulin <manikulin@gmail.com> - 2025-01-08 04:00 +0100
                Re: /dev/serial/by-id Max Nikulin <manikulin@gmail.com> - 2025-01-08 04:10 +0100
                Re: /dev/serial/by-id Anssi Saari <anssi.saari@debian-user.mail.kapsi.fi> - 2025-01-07 11:20 +0100
                Specific mdadm instructions for Gene [WAS Re: new computer arriving  soon] "Andrew M.A. Cater" <amacater@einval.com> - 2025-01-02 17:00 +0100
                Re: Specific mdadm instructions for Gene [WAS Re: new computer  arrivingsoon] gene heskett <gheskett@shentel.net> - 2025-01-02 23:10 +0100
                Re: Specific mdadm instructions for Gene [WAS Re: new computer  arrivingsoon] Andy Smith <andy@strugglers.net> - 2025-01-02 23:20 +0100
                Re: Specific mdadm instructions for Gene [WAS Re: new computer  arrivingsoon] Nicolas George <george@nsup.org> - 2025-01-02 23:30 +0100
                Re: Specific mdadm instructions for Gene [WAS Re: new computer  arrivingsoon] Michael Stone <mstone@debian.org> - 2025-01-03 00:10 +0100
                Re: Specific mdadm instructions for Gene [WAS Re: new computer arrivingsoon] Jeffrey Walton <noloader@gmail.com> - 2025-01-03 04:00 +0100
                Re: Specific mdadm instructions for Gene [WAS Re: new  computerarrivingsoon] gene heskett <gheskett@shentel.net> - 2025-01-03 05:00 +0100
                Re: Specific mdadm instructions for Gene [WAS Re: new  computerarrivingsoon] Andy Smith <andy@strugglers.net> - 2025-01-03 14:00 +0100
                Re: Specific mdadm instructions for Gene [WAS Re: new computer  arrivingsoon] Max Nikulin <manikulin@gmail.com> - 2025-01-03 03:40 +0100
                Re: Specific mdadm instructions for Gene [WAS Re: new  computerarrivingsoon] gene heskett <gheskett@shentel.net> - 2025-01-03 05:10 +0100
                Re: Specific mdadm instructions for Gene [WAS Re: new  computerarrivingsoon] Max Nikulin <manikulin@gmail.com> - 2025-01-04 04:30 +0100
                Re: Specific mdadm instructions for Gene [WAS Re:  newcomputerarrivingsoon] gene heskett <gheskett@shentel.net> - 2025-01-04 04:50 +0100
                sgdisk missing under Armbian for Gene [WAS Specific mdadm  instructions for Gene] "Andrew M.A. Cater" <amacater@einval.com> - 2025-01-03 12:40 +0100
                Re: sgdisk missing under Armbian for Gene [WAS Specific mdadm  instructions for Gene] Nicolas George <george@nsup.org> - 2025-01-03 12:50 +0100
                Re: sgdisk missing under Armbian for Gene [WAS Specific  mdadminstructions for Gene] gene heskett <gheskett@shentel.net> - 2025-01-03 17:40 +0100
                Re: new computer arriving soon Max Nikulin <manikulin@gmail.com> - 2025-01-02 04:00 +0100
                Re: new computer arriving soon gene heskett <gheskett@shentel.net> - 2025-01-02 05:30 +0100
                Re: new computer arriving soon George at Clug <Clug@goproject.info> - 2025-01-02 08:30 +0100
                Re: new computer arriving soon Michael Stone <mstone@debian.org> - 2025-01-02 23:40 +0100
                Re: new computer arriving soon fxkl47BF@protonmail.com - 2025-01-02 23:50 +0100
                Re: new computer arriving soon George at Clug <Clug@goproject.info> - 2025-01-03 00:00 +0100
                Re: new computer arriving soon Michael Stone <mstone@debian.org> - 2025-01-03 00:20 +0100
                Re: new computer arriving soon George at Clug <Clug@goproject.info> - 2025-01-03 00:50 +0100
                Re: new computer arriving soon "Roy J. Tellason, Sr." <roy@rtellason.com> - 2025-01-03 17:00 +0100
                Re: new computer arriving soon Michael Stone <mstone@debian.org> - 2025-01-03 17:20 +0100
                Re: new computer arriving soon David Wright <deblis@lionunicorn.co.uk> - 2025-01-10 05:50 +0100
                Re: new computer arriving soon Greg Wooledge <greg@wooledge.org> - 2025-01-03 00:10 +0100
                Re: new computer arriving soon George at Clug <Clug@goproject.info> - 2025-01-03 00:00 +0100
                Re: new computer arriving soon Michael Stone <mstone@debian.org> - 2025-01-03 00:00 +0100
                Re: new computer arriving soon  George at Clug <Clug@goproject.info> - 2025-01-03 00:40 +0100
                Re: new computer arriving soon Andy Smith <andy@strugglers.net> - 2025-01-03 00:50 +0100
                Re: new computer arriving soon "Roy J. Tellason, Sr." <roy@rtellason.com> - 2025-01-03 17:00 +0100
                Re: new computer arriving soon Max Nikulin <manikulin@gmail.com> - 2025-01-02 16:30 +0100
              Re: new computer arriving soon Frank Guthausen <fg.debian@shimps.de> - 2024-12-31 20:20 +0100
              Re: new computer arriving soon Max Nikulin <manikulin@gmail.com> - 2025-01-02 04:10 +0100
                Re: new computer arriving soon Michael Stone <mstone@debian.org> - 2025-01-02 23:50 +0100
                Re: new computer arriving soon Marc Shapiro <marcnshap@gmail.com> - 2025-01-06 06:10 +0100
          Re: new computer arriving soon "Roy J. Tellason, Sr." <roy@rtellason.com> - 2024-12-27 20:20 +0100
  Re: new computer arriving soon George at Clug <Clug@goproject.info> - 2024-12-22 00:40 +0100
    Re: new computer arriving soon "Roy J. Tellason, Sr." <roy@rtellason.com> - 2024-12-22 02:30 +0100
      Re: new computer arriving soon George at Clug <Clug@goproject.info> - 2024-12-22 05:50 +0100
  Re: new computer arriving soon songbird <songbird@anthive.com> - 2024-12-22 17:20 +0100

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