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Groups > linux.debian.user > #241205
| From | David Christensen <dpchrist@holgerdanske.com> |
|---|---|
| Newsgroups | linux.debian.user |
| Subject | Re: New debian installation disk partition |
| Date | 2021-10-11 21:40 +0200 |
| Message-ID | <D79js-6gX-17@gated-at.bofh.it> (permalink) |
| References | <D71vz-1xl-3@gated-at.bofh.it> |
| Organization | linux.* mail to news gateway |
On 10/11/21 04:18, Josef Strýček wrote:
>
> Hi,
>
> I have a question how to partition new debain installation.I have 64GB ssd
> and 500GB hdd. Can I have / on ssd with ext4 and hdd with btrfs /hame /var
>
> /tmp /opt.
You should be able to achieve that layout with the Debian installer
(d-i) by choosing "Partitioning method" -> "manual".
I ran btrfs for a few years, but did not understand the maintenance
requirements. Over time, the disks became slow and slower. Eventually,
I had to learn about btrfs balancing, write Perl script to perform it,
and run the script repeatedly to recover and maintain the disks.
Eventually, I got lazy and reinstalled using ext4.
> Could you recommend layout for ssd and hdd, that ssd is not
> overwritten unnecessarily and ideal filesystem for ssd and hdd.
When SSD's first came out, there was a lot of fuss about minimizing wear
and maximizing performance -- disabling swap, over-provisioning, trim,
etc.. Since then, SSD's have improved and operating systems have become
better at using SSD's. So, I would not worry about Debian wearing out
the SSD; just run d-i and let it do the work. Once the system is in
operation, some people like to run fstrim(8) periodically (e.g. monthly,
weekly).
A key idea that still applies is that your OS and applications should be
on one disk and your data should be on another disk. I use SSD's for OS
disks (including /home) and I keep the vast majority of my data in a
file server (Samba) on HDD's in a ZFS mirror.
A killer feature of d-i is that it can build OS disks with encryption.
But, a plaintext "/boot" partition is required to boot the computer.
I prefer to keep my OS images small enough to fit onto "16 GB" devices.
This facilitates imaging, cloning, and disaster preparedness. I can
save 3 monthly images for 6 computers on a 300 GB USB HDD. But, there
is only one active user account on each machine, I must limit how much
software I install, I must detach e-mail attachments and save them on
the server, and I must keep my home directory usage at a minimum.
Here are my disk partitioning notes from when I installed my Debian 10
daily driver:
Partitioning method manual
Encrypted volume (sda2_crypt) - 1.0 GB Linux device-mapper
(crypt)
#1 1.0 GB f swap swap
Encrypted volume (sda3_crypt) - 13.0 GB Linux device-mapper
(crypt)
#1 13.0 GB f ext4 /
SCSI5 (0,0,0) (sda) - 60.0 GB ATA INTEL SSDSC2CW06
#1 primary 999.3 MB B F ext4 /boot
#2 primary 1.0 GB K crypto (sda2_crypt)
#3 primary 13.0 GB K crypto (sda3_crypt)
45.0 GB FREESPACE
Finish partitioning and write changes to disk
Notes:
1. I am using MBR partitioning, because some of my computers are 14
years old and MBR is the lowest common denominator. I can build a
Debian OS disk in one computer and then move the disk (or image) to
another computer. (The partition scheme chosen by the d-i is determined
by the firmware mode of the computer running d-i -- e.g. BIOS -> MBR,
EUFI -> GPT.)
2. Partition #1 is 1 GB, plaintext ext4 /boot
3. Partition #2 is 1 GB, encrypted swap (random key)
4. Partition #3 is 13 GB, encrypted ext4 root (passphrase)
I suggest that you disconnect the HDD (both power and data cables) and
install Debian onto the SSD similar to the above. It is best if the SSD
has device node /dev/sda. You may want a larger root partition. It is
important to have a swap partition; do not eliminate it.
Once Debian is running, I suggest that you connect the HDD, partition
the HDD using GPT, create one partition using 95% of available space,
initialize a LUKS container inside the partition, and create a ZFS pool
with name "data" and with option "copies=2" using the encrypted mapper
node. The zpool will be mounted at "/data", will be able to store ~237
GB, and ZFS will be able to survive "one or a few" sectors going bad
without any data loss (it is wise to scrub periodically).
David
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New debian installation disk partition Josef Strýček <josef.strycek@email.cz> - 2021-10-11 13:20 +0200
Re: New debian installation disk partition "Andrew M.A. Cater" <amacater@einval.com> - 2021-10-11 13:50 +0200
Re: New debian installation disk partition Andrei POPESCU <andreimpopescu@gmail.com> - 2021-10-11 14:00 +0200
Re: New debian installation disk partition Andy Smith <andy@strugglers.net> - 2021-10-11 16:20 +0200
Re: New debian installation disk partition David Christensen <dpchrist@holgerdanske.com> - 2021-10-11 21:40 +0200
Re: New debian installation disk partition Joe <joe@jretrading.com> - 2021-10-11 22:20 +0200
Re: New debian installation disk partition David Christensen <dpchrist@holgerdanske.com> - 2021-10-11 23:10 +0200
Re: New debian installation disk partition Joe <joe@jretrading.com> - 2021-10-12 13:10 +0200
Re: New debian installation disk partition Andrei POPESCU <andreimpopescu@gmail.com> - 2021-10-11 22:40 +0200
Re: New debian installation disk partition David Christensen <dpchrist@holgerdanske.com> - 2021-10-11 23:00 +0200
Re: New debian installation disk partition Andrei POPESCU <andreimpopescu@gmail.com> - 2021-10-12 09:00 +0200
Re: New debian installation disk partition David Christensen <dpchrist@holgerdanske.com> - 2021-10-12 09:10 +0200
Re: New debian installation disk partition Andrei POPESCU <andreimpopescu@gmail.com> - 2021-10-13 06:50 +0200
Re: New debian installation disk partition David Christensen <dpchrist@holgerdanske.com> - 2021-10-13 19:50 +0200
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