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Groups > comp.lang.prolog > #14580

maplist(char_code, Chars, Codes) is bidirectional (Was: The beauty of a dual use hook)

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Using again my super powered library(portray_text):

?- set_prolog_flag(double_quotes, codes).
true.

?- set_prolog_flag(back_quotes, chars).
true.

?- set_portray_text(enabled, true).
true.

?- maplist(char_code, `abc`, X).
X = "abc".

?- maplist(char_code, X, "abc").
X = `abc`.

So if you have a Prolog system that has chars, you
could bootstrap as follows:

atom_codes(X, Y) :-
   var(X), !,
   atom_chars(Z, Y),
   maplist(char_code, X, Z).
atom_codes(X, Y) :-
   atom_chars(X, Z),
   maplist(char_code, Z, Y).

Or if you have a Prolog system that has codes, you
could bootstrap as follows:

atom_chars(X, Y) :-
   var(X), !,
   atom_codes(Z, Y),
   maplist(char_code, Z, X).
atom_chars(X, Y) :-
   atom_codes(X, Z),
   maplist(char_code, Y, Z).

Mild Shock schrieb:
> Full source code here:
> 
> swi2.pl.log
> https://github.com/SWI-Prolog/swipl-devel/issues/1373#issuecomment-2997214639 
> 
> 
> Since it has a dual use hook, works fine simultaneously:
> 
> ?- set_portray_text(enabled, false).
> true.
> 
> ?- X = [a,b,c].
> X = [a, b, c].
> 
> ?- X = [0'a,0'b,0'c].
> X = [97, 98, 99].
> 
> And then:
> 
> ?- set_prolog_flag(double_quotes, codes).
> true.
> 
> ?- set_prolog_flag(back_quotes, chars).
> true.
> 
> ?- set_portray_text(enabled, true).
> true.
> 
> ?- X = [a,b,c].
> X = `abc`.
> 
> ?- X = [0'a,0'b,0'c].
> X = "abc".
> 
> Mild Shock schrieb:
>> Hi,
>>
>> Even the SWI-Prolog master not wide awake,
>> doing day-sleeping.
>>
>>  > I don’t know whether they realised that you
>>  > cannot meaningfully support both in the same
>>  > system and surely not in the same application.
>>
>> Maybe you didn’t notice this nifty detail.
>> Thats all you need:
>>
>>  > The ISO core standard is silent about a flag back_quotes
>>
>>  > Its more a naming problem. Have two libraries
>> library(portray_codes) and library(portray_chars),
>> Or one library(portray_text).
>>
>> Just add one more rule:
>>
>> user:portray(Chars) :-
>>      portray_text_option(enabled, true),
>>      '$skip_list'(Length, Chars, _Tail),
>>      portray_text_option(min_length, MinLen),
>>      Length >= MinLen,
>>      mostly_chars(Chars, 0.9),
>>      portray_text_option(ellipsis, IfLonger),
>>      quote2(C),
>>      put_code(C),
>>      maplist(char_code, Chars, Codes),
>>      (   Length > IfLonger
>>      ->  First is IfLonger - 5,
>>          Skip is Length - 5,
>>          skip_first(Skip, Codes, Rest),
>>          put_n_codes(First, Codes, C),
>>          format('...', [])
>>      ;   Rest = Codes
>>      ),
>>      put_var_codes(Rest, C),
>>      put_code(C).
>>
>> The use of maplist/3 is elegant, and works since we do
>> not print open lists, right?
>>
>> Mild Shock schrieb:
>>> Hi,
>>>
>>> The most radical approach is Novacore from
>>> Dogelog Player. It consists of the following
>>> major incisions in the ISO core standard:
>>>
>>> - We do not forbid chars, like for example
>>>    using lists of the form [a,b,c], we also
>>>    provide char_code/2 predicate bidirectionally.
>>>
>>> - We do not provide and _chars built-in
>>>    predicates also there is nothing _strings. The
>>>    Prolog system is clever enough to not put
>>>    every atom it sees in an atom table. There
>>>    is only a predicate table.
>>>
>>> - Some host languages have garbage collection that
>>>    deduplicates Strings. For example some Java
>>>    versions have an options to do that. But we
>>>    do not have any efforts to deduplicate atoms,
>>>    which are simply plain strings.
>>>
>>> - Some languages have constant pools. For example
>>>    the Java byte code format includes a constant
>>>    pool in every class header. We do not do that
>>>    during transpilation , but we could of course.
>>>    But it begs the question, why only deduplicate
>>>    strings and not other constant expressions as well?
>>>
>>> - We are totally happy that we have only codes,
>>>    there are chances that the host languages use
>>>    tagged pointers to represent them. So they
>>>    are represented similar to the tagged pointers
>>>    in SWI-Prolog which works for small integers.
>>>
>>> - But the tagged pointer argument is moot,
>>>    since atom length=1 entities can be also
>>>    represented as tagged pointers, and some
>>>    programming languages do that. Dogelog Player
>>>    would use such tagged pointers without
>>>    poluting the atom table.
>>>
>>> - What else?
>>>
>>> Bye
>>>
>>> Mild Shock schrieb:
>>>>
>>>> Technically SWI-Prolog doesn't prefer codes.
>>>> Library `library(pure_input)` might prefer codes.
>>>> But this is again an issue of improving the
>>>> library by some non existent SWI-Prolog community.
>>>>
>>>> The ISO core standard is silent about a flag
>>>> back_quotes, but has a lot of API requirements
>>>> that support both codes and chars, for example it
>>>> requires atom_codes/2 and atom_chars/2.
>>>>
>>>> Implementation wise there can be an issue,
>>>> like one might decide to implement the atoms
>>>> of length=1 more efficiently, since with Unicode
>>>> there is now an explosion.
>>>>
>>>> Not sure whether Trealla Prolog and Scryer
>>>> Prolog thought about this problem, that the
>>>> atom table gets quite large. Whereas codes don't
>>>> eat the atom table. Maybe they forbit predicates
>>>>
>>>> that have an atom of length=1 head:
>>>>
>>>> h(X) :-
>>>>      write('Hello '), write(X), write('!'), nl.
>>>>
>>>> Does this still work?
>>>>
>>>> Mild Shock schrieb:
>>>>> Concerning library(portray_text) which is in limbo:
>>>>>
>>>>>  > Libraries are (often) written for either
>>>>> and thus the libraries make the choice.
>>>>>
>>>>> But who writes these libraries? The SWI Prolog
>>>>> community. And who doesn’t improve these libraries,
>>>>> instead floods the web with workaround tips?
>>>>> The SWI Prolog community.
>>>>>
>>>>> Conclusion the SWI-Prolog community has itself
>>>>> trapped in an ancient status quo, creating an island.
>>>>> Cannot improve its own tooling, is not willing
>>>>> to support code from else where that uses chars.
>>>>>
>>>>> Same with the missed AI Boom.
>>>>>
>>>>> (*) Code from elsewhere is dangerous, People
>>>>> might use other Prolog systems than only SWI-Prolog,
>>>>> like for exampe Trealla Prolog and Scryer Prolog.
>>>>>
>>>>> (**) Keeping the status quo is comfy. No need to
>>>>> think in terms of programm code. Its like biology
>>>>> teachers versus pathology staff, biology teachers
>>>>> do not everyday see opened corpses.
>>>>>
>>>>>
>>>>> Mild Shock schrieb:
>>>>>>
>>>>>> Inductive logic programming at 30
>>>>>> https://arxiv.org/abs/2102.10556
>>>>>>
>>>>>> The paper contains not a single reference to autoencoders!
>>>>>> Still they show this example:
>>>>>>
>>>>>> Fig. 1 ILP systems struggle with structured examples that
>>>>>> exhibit observational noise. All three examples clearly
>>>>>> spell the word "ILP", with some alterations: 3 noisy pixels,
>>>>>> shifted and elongated letters. If we would be to learn a
>>>>>> program that simply draws "ILP" in the middle of the picture,
>>>>>> without noisy pixels and elongated letters, that would
>>>>>> be a correct program.
>>>>>>
>>>>>> I guess ILP is 30 years behind the AI boom. An early autoencoder
>>>>>> turned into transformer was already reported here (*):
>>>>>>
>>>>>> SERIAL ORDER, Michael I. Jordan - May 1986
>>>>>> https://cseweb.ucsd.edu/~gary/PAPER-SUGGESTIONS/Jordan-TR-8604-OCRed.pdf 
>>>>>>
>>>>>>
>>>>>> Well ILP might have its merits, maybe we should not ask
>>>>>> for a marriage of LLM and Prolog, but Autoencoders and ILP.
>>>>>> But its tricky, I am still trying to decode the da Vinci code of
>>>>>>
>>>>>> things like stacked tensors, are they related to k-literal clauses?
>>>>>> The paper I referenced is found in this excellent video:
>>>>>>
>>>>>> The Making of ChatGPT (35 Year History)
>>>>>> https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=OFS90-FX6pg
>>>>>>
>>>>>
>>>>
>>>
>>
> 

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