Groups | Search | Server Info | Keyboard shortcuts | Login | Register [http] [https] [nntp] [nntps]

Groups > linux.kernel > #1643310 > unrolled thread

[PATCH] fsl_ifc_nand: fix handing of bit flips in erased nand

Back to article view | Back to linux.kernel

This discussion starts older than the indexed window; earlier articles aren't shown. The article labeled Started by below is the oldest one visible, not the original post.

Contents

  [PATCH] fsl_ifc_nand: fix handing of bit flips in erased nand Pavel Machek <pavel@ucw.cz> - 2017-05-17 14:30 +0200
    Re: [PATCH] fsl_ifc_nand: fix handing of bit flips in erased nand Boris Brezillon <boris.brezillon@free-electrons.com> - 2017-05-17 14:40 +0200
      Re: [PATCH] fsl_ifc_nand: fix handing of bit flips in erased nand Pavel Machek <pavel@ucw.cz> - 2017-05-17 15:10 +0200
        Re: [PATCH] fsl_ifc_nand: fix handing of bit flips in erased nand Boris Brezillon <boris.brezillon@free-electrons.com> - 2017-05-17 15:30 +0200
          [PATCH] mtd: nand: fsl_ifc: fix handing of bit flips in erased pages Pavel Machek <pavel@ucw.cz> - 2017-05-17 22:10 +0200

#1643310 — [PATCH] fsl_ifc_nand: fix handing of bit flips in erased nand

[Multipart message — attachments visible in raw view] — view raw

If we see unrecoverable ECC error, we need to count number of bitflips
from all-ones and report correctable/uncorrectable according to
that. Otherwise we report ECC failed on erased flash with single bit error.

Signed-off-by: Pavel Machek <pavel@denx.de>

diff --git a/drivers/mtd/nand/fsl_ifc_nand.c b/drivers/mtd/nand/fsl_ifc_nand.c
index d1570f5..1c66696 100644
--- a/drivers/mtd/nand/fsl_ifc_nand.c
+++ b/drivers/mtd/nand/fsl_ifc_nand.c
@@ -171,34 +171,6 @@ static void set_addr(struct mtd_info *mtd, int column, int page_addr, int oob)
 		ifc_nand_ctrl->index += mtd->writesize;
 }
 
-static int is_blank(struct mtd_info *mtd, unsigned int bufnum)
-{
-	struct nand_chip *chip = mtd_to_nand(mtd);
-	struct fsl_ifc_mtd *priv = nand_get_controller_data(chip);
-	u8 __iomem *addr = priv->vbase + bufnum * (mtd->writesize * 2);
-	u32 __iomem *mainarea = (u32 __iomem *)addr;
-	u8 __iomem *oob = addr + mtd->writesize;
-	struct mtd_oob_region oobregion = { };
-	int i, section = 0;
-
-	for (i = 0; i < mtd->writesize / 4; i++) {
-		if (__raw_readl(&mainarea[i]) != 0xffffffff)
-			return 0;
-	}
-
-	mtd_ooblayout_ecc(mtd, section++, &oobregion);
-	while (oobregion.length) {
-		for (i = 0; i < oobregion.length; i++) {
-			if (__raw_readb(&oob[oobregion.offset + i]) != 0xff)
-				return 0;
-		}
-
-		mtd_ooblayout_ecc(mtd, section++, &oobregion);
-	}
-
-	return 1;
-}
-
 /* returns nonzero if entire page is blank */
 static int check_read_ecc(struct mtd_info *mtd, struct fsl_ifc_ctrl *ctrl,
 			  u32 *eccstat, unsigned int bufnum)
@@ -274,16 +246,13 @@ static void fsl_ifc_run_command(struct mtd_info *mtd)
 			if (errors == 15) {
 				/*
 				 * Uncorrectable error.
-				 * OK only if the whole page is blank.
+				 * We'll check for blank pages later.
 				 *
 				 * We disable ECCER reporting due to...
 				 * erratum IFC-A002770 -- so report it now if we
 				 * see an uncorrectable error in ECCSTAT.
 				 */
-				if (!is_blank(mtd, bufnum))
-					ctrl->nand_stat |=
-						IFC_NAND_EVTER_STAT_ECCER;
-				break;
+				ctrl->nand_stat |= IFC_NAND_EVTER_STAT_ECCER;
 			}
 
 			mtd->ecc_stats.corrected += errors;
@@ -678,6 +648,41 @@ static int fsl_ifc_wait(struct mtd_info *mtd, struct nand_chip *chip)
 	return nand_fsr | NAND_STATUS_WP;
 }
 
+/*
+ * The controller does not check for bitflips in erased pages,
+ * therefore software must check instead.
+ */
+static int check_erased_page(struct nand_chip *chip, u8 *buf)
+{
+	struct mtd_info *mtd = nand_to_mtd(chip);
+	u8 *ecc = chip->oob_poi;
+	const int ecc_size = chip->ecc.bytes;
+	const int pkt_size = chip->ecc.size;
+	int i, res, bitflips = 0;
+	struct mtd_oob_region oobregion = { };
+
+	mtd_ooblayout_ecc(mtd, 0, &oobregion);
+	ecc += oobregion.offset;
+
+	for (i = 0; i < chip->ecc.steps; ++i) {
+		res = nand_check_erased_ecc_chunk(buf, pkt_size, ecc, ecc_size,
+						  NULL, 0,
+						  chip->ecc.strength);
+		if (res < 0)
+			mtd->ecc_stats.failed++;
+		else
+			mtd->ecc_stats.corrected += res;
+
+		bitflips = max(res, bitflips);
+		buf += pkt_size;
+		ecc += ecc_size;
+	}
+
+	mtd_ooblayout_ecc(mtd, 1, &oobregion);
+
+	return bitflips;
+}
+
 static int fsl_ifc_read_page(struct mtd_info *mtd, struct nand_chip *chip,
 			     uint8_t *buf, int oob_required, int page)
 {
@@ -689,11 +695,19 @@ static int fsl_ifc_read_page(struct mtd_info *mtd, struct nand_chip *chip,
 	if (oob_required)
 		fsl_ifc_read_buf(mtd, chip->oob_poi, mtd->oobsize);
 
-	if (ctrl->nand_stat & IFC_NAND_EVTER_STAT_ECCER)
-		dev_err(priv->dev, "NAND Flash ECC Uncorrectable Error\n");
-
 	if (ctrl->nand_stat != IFC_NAND_EVTER_STAT_OPC)
 		mtd->ecc_stats.failed++;
+
+	if (ctrl->nand_stat & IFC_NAND_EVTER_STAT_ECCER) {
+		int res;
+
+		if (!oob_required)
+			fsl_ifc_read_buf(mtd, chip->oob_poi, mtd->oobsize);
+
+		res = check_erased_page(chip, buf);
+		return res;
+	}
+
 
 	return nctrl->max_bitflips;
 }
@@ -904,6 +922,21 @@ static int fsl_ifc_chip_init(struct fsl_ifc_mtd *priv)
 		chip->ecc.algo = NAND_ECC_HAMMING;
 	}
 
+	{
+		struct mtd_oob_region oobregion = { };
+
+		mtd_ooblayout_ecc(mtd, 0, &oobregion);
+		if (!oobregion.length) {
+			dev_err(priv->dev, "No ECC in oobregion?\n");
+			return -EINVAL;
+		}
+		mtd_ooblayout_ecc(mtd, 1, &oobregion);
+		if (oobregion.length) {
+			dev_err(priv->dev, "Extra data in oobregion?\n");
+			return -EINVAL;
+		}
+	}
+
 	if (ctrl->version == FSL_IFC_VERSION_1_1_0)
 		fsl_ifc_sram_init(priv);
 



-- 
(english) http://www.livejournal.com/~pavelmachek
(cesky, pictures) http://atrey.karlin.mff.cuni.cz/~pavel/picture/horses/blog.html

[toc] | [next] | [standalone]

#1643319

On Wed, 17 May 2017 14:22:24 +0200
Pavel Machek <pavel@ucw.cz> wrote:

> If we see unrecoverable ECC error, we need to count number of bitflips
> from all-ones and report correctable/uncorrectable according to
> that. Otherwise we report ECC failed on erased flash with single bit error.
> 
> Signed-off-by: Pavel Machek <pavel@denx.de>
> 
> diff --git a/drivers/mtd/nand/fsl_ifc_nand.c b/drivers/mtd/nand/fsl_ifc_nand.c
> index d1570f5..1c66696 100644
> --- a/drivers/mtd/nand/fsl_ifc_nand.c
> +++ b/drivers/mtd/nand/fsl_ifc_nand.c
> @@ -171,34 +171,6 @@ static void set_addr(struct mtd_info *mtd, int column, int page_addr, int oob)
>  		ifc_nand_ctrl->index += mtd->writesize;
>  }
>  
> -static int is_blank(struct mtd_info *mtd, unsigned int bufnum)
> -{
> -	struct nand_chip *chip = mtd_to_nand(mtd);
> -	struct fsl_ifc_mtd *priv = nand_get_controller_data(chip);
> -	u8 __iomem *addr = priv->vbase + bufnum * (mtd->writesize * 2);
> -	u32 __iomem *mainarea = (u32 __iomem *)addr;
> -	u8 __iomem *oob = addr + mtd->writesize;
> -	struct mtd_oob_region oobregion = { };
> -	int i, section = 0;
> -
> -	for (i = 0; i < mtd->writesize / 4; i++) {
> -		if (__raw_readl(&mainarea[i]) != 0xffffffff)
> -			return 0;
> -	}
> -
> -	mtd_ooblayout_ecc(mtd, section++, &oobregion);
> -	while (oobregion.length) {
> -		for (i = 0; i < oobregion.length; i++) {
> -			if (__raw_readb(&oob[oobregion.offset + i]) != 0xff)
> -				return 0;
> -		}
> -
> -		mtd_ooblayout_ecc(mtd, section++, &oobregion);
> -	}
> -
> -	return 1;
> -}
> -
>  /* returns nonzero if entire page is blank */
>  static int check_read_ecc(struct mtd_info *mtd, struct fsl_ifc_ctrl *ctrl,
>  			  u32 *eccstat, unsigned int bufnum)
> @@ -274,16 +246,13 @@ static void fsl_ifc_run_command(struct mtd_info *mtd)
>  			if (errors == 15) {
>  				/*
>  				 * Uncorrectable error.
> -				 * OK only if the whole page is blank.
> +				 * We'll check for blank pages later.
>  				 *
>  				 * We disable ECCER reporting due to...
>  				 * erratum IFC-A002770 -- so report it now if we
>  				 * see an uncorrectable error in ECCSTAT.
>  				 */
> -				if (!is_blank(mtd, bufnum))
> -					ctrl->nand_stat |=
> -						IFC_NAND_EVTER_STAT_ECCER;
> -				break;
> +				ctrl->nand_stat |= IFC_NAND_EVTER_STAT_ECCER;
>  			}
>  
>  			mtd->ecc_stats.corrected += errors;
> @@ -678,6 +648,41 @@ static int fsl_ifc_wait(struct mtd_info *mtd, struct nand_chip *chip)
>  	return nand_fsr | NAND_STATUS_WP;
>  }
>  
> +/*
> + * The controller does not check for bitflips in erased pages,
> + * therefore software must check instead.
> + */
> +static int check_erased_page(struct nand_chip *chip, u8 *buf)
> +{
> +	struct mtd_info *mtd = nand_to_mtd(chip);
> +	u8 *ecc = chip->oob_poi;
> +	const int ecc_size = chip->ecc.bytes;
> +	const int pkt_size = chip->ecc.size;
> +	int i, res, bitflips = 0;
> +	struct mtd_oob_region oobregion = { };
> +
> +	mtd_ooblayout_ecc(mtd, 0, &oobregion);
> +	ecc += oobregion.offset;
> +
> +	for (i = 0; i < chip->ecc.steps; ++i) {
> +		res = nand_check_erased_ecc_chunk(buf, pkt_size, ecc, ecc_size,
> +						  NULL, 0,
> +						  chip->ecc.strength);
> +		if (res < 0)
> +			mtd->ecc_stats.failed++;
> +		else
> +			mtd->ecc_stats.corrected += res;
> +
> +		bitflips = max(res, bitflips);
> +		buf += pkt_size;
> +		ecc += ecc_size;
> +	}
> +
> +	mtd_ooblayout_ecc(mtd, 1, &oobregion);

Why is this needed?

> +
> +	return bitflips;
> +}
> +
>  static int fsl_ifc_read_page(struct mtd_info *mtd, struct nand_chip *chip,
>  			     uint8_t *buf, int oob_required, int page)
>  {
> @@ -689,11 +695,19 @@ static int fsl_ifc_read_page(struct mtd_info *mtd, struct nand_chip *chip,
>  	if (oob_required)
>  		fsl_ifc_read_buf(mtd, chip->oob_poi, mtd->oobsize);
>  
> -	if (ctrl->nand_stat & IFC_NAND_EVTER_STAT_ECCER)
> -		dev_err(priv->dev, "NAND Flash ECC Uncorrectable Error\n");
> -
>  	if (ctrl->nand_stat != IFC_NAND_EVTER_STAT_OPC)
>  		mtd->ecc_stats.failed++;
> +
> +	if (ctrl->nand_stat & IFC_NAND_EVTER_STAT_ECCER) {
> +		int res;
> +
> +		if (!oob_required)
> +			fsl_ifc_read_buf(mtd, chip->oob_poi, mtd->oobsize);
> +
> +		res = check_erased_page(chip, buf);
> +		return res;
> +	}
> +
>  
>  	return nctrl->max_bitflips;
>  }
> @@ -904,6 +922,21 @@ static int fsl_ifc_chip_init(struct fsl_ifc_mtd *priv)
>  		chip->ecc.algo = NAND_ECC_HAMMING;
>  	}
>  
> +	{
> +		struct mtd_oob_region oobregion = { };
> +
> +		mtd_ooblayout_ecc(mtd, 0, &oobregion);
> +		if (!oobregion.length) {
> +			dev_err(priv->dev, "No ECC in oobregion?\n");
> +			return -EINVAL;
> +		}
> +		mtd_ooblayout_ecc(mtd, 1, &oobregion);
> +		if (oobregion.length) {
> +			dev_err(priv->dev, "Extra data in oobregion?\n");
> +			return -EINVAL;
> +		}
> +	}

This clearly doesn't belong in this patch. And if you really want to
check that, please create a separate function instead of defining a
non-conditional code block inside fsl_ifc_chip_init().

> +
>  	if (ctrl->version == FSL_IFC_VERSION_1_1_0)
>  		fsl_ifc_sram_init(priv);
>  
> 
> 
> 

[toc] | [prev] | [next] | [standalone]

#1643346

[Multipart message — attachments visible in raw view] — view raw

Hi!

> On Wed, 17 May 2017 14:22:24 +0200
> Pavel Machek <pavel@ucw.cz> wrote:
> 
> > If we see unrecoverable ECC error, we need to count number of bitflips
> > from all-ones and report correctable/uncorrectable according to
> > that. Otherwise we report ECC failed on erased flash with single bit error.
> > 
> > Signed-off-by: Pavel Machek <pavel@denx.de>
> > 
> > @@ -678,6 +648,41 @@ static int fsl_ifc_wait(struct mtd_info *mtd, struct nand_chip *chip)
> >  	return nand_fsr | NAND_STATUS_WP;
> >  }
> >  
> > +/*
> > + * The controller does not check for bitflips in erased pages,
> > + * therefore software must check instead.
> > + */
> > +static int check_erased_page(struct nand_chip *chip, u8 *buf)
> > +{
> > +	struct mtd_info *mtd = nand_to_mtd(chip);
> > +	u8 *ecc = chip->oob_poi;
> > +	const int ecc_size = chip->ecc.bytes;
> > +	const int pkt_size = chip->ecc.size;
> > +	int i, res, bitflips = 0;
> > +	struct mtd_oob_region oobregion = { };
> > +
> > +	mtd_ooblayout_ecc(mtd, 0, &oobregion);
> > +	ecc += oobregion.offset;
> > +
> > +	for (i = 0; i < chip->ecc.steps; ++i) {
> > +		res = nand_check_erased_ecc_chunk(buf, pkt_size, ecc, ecc_size,
> > +						  NULL, 0,
> > +						  chip->ecc.strength);
> > +		if (res < 0)
> > +			mtd->ecc_stats.failed++;
> > +		else
> > +			mtd->ecc_stats.corrected += res;
> > +
> > +		bitflips = max(res, bitflips);
> > +		buf += pkt_size;
> > +		ecc += ecc_size;
> > +	}
> > +
> > +	mtd_ooblayout_ecc(mtd, 1, &oobregion);
> 
> Why is this needed?

It is not, will remove.

> > @@ -904,6 +922,21 @@ static int fsl_ifc_chip_init(struct fsl_ifc_mtd *priv)
> >  		chip->ecc.algo = NAND_ECC_HAMMING;
> >  	}
> >  
> > +	{
> > +		struct mtd_oob_region oobregion = { };
> > +
> > +		mtd_ooblayout_ecc(mtd, 0, &oobregion);
> > +		if (!oobregion.length) {
> > +			dev_err(priv->dev, "No ECC in oobregion?\n");
> > +			return -EINVAL;
> > +		}
> > +		mtd_ooblayout_ecc(mtd, 1, &oobregion);
> > +		if (oobregion.length) {
> > +			dev_err(priv->dev, "Extra data in oobregion?\n");
> > +			return -EINVAL;
> > +		}
> > +	}
> 
> This clearly doesn't belong in this patch. And if you really want to
> check that, please create a separate function instead of defining a
> non-conditional code block inside fsl_ifc_chip_init().

I am not sure I want to check that. check_erased_page() can only
handle layout with just one oobregion. If you think check is not
needed, I'll happily remove the checking.

Best regards,
									Pavel
-- 
(english) http://www.livejournal.com/~pavelmachek
(cesky, pictures) http://atrey.karlin.mff.cuni.cz/~pavel/picture/horses/blog.html

[toc] | [prev] | [next] | [standalone]

#1643362

On Wed, 17 May 2017 15:00:59 +0200
Pavel Machek <pavel@ucw.cz> wrote:

> 
> > > @@ -904,6 +922,21 @@ static int fsl_ifc_chip_init(struct fsl_ifc_mtd *priv)
> > >  		chip->ecc.algo = NAND_ECC_HAMMING;
> > >  	}
> > >  
> > > +	{
> > > +		struct mtd_oob_region oobregion = { };
> > > +
> > > +		mtd_ooblayout_ecc(mtd, 0, &oobregion);
> > > +		if (!oobregion.length) {
> > > +			dev_err(priv->dev, "No ECC in oobregion?\n");
> > > +			return -EINVAL;
> > > +		}
> > > +		mtd_ooblayout_ecc(mtd, 1, &oobregion);
> > > +		if (oobregion.length) {
> > > +			dev_err(priv->dev, "Extra data in oobregion?\n");
> > > +			return -EINVAL;
> > > +		}
> > > +	}  
> > 
> > This clearly doesn't belong in this patch. And if you really want to
> > check that, please create a separate function instead of defining a
> > non-conditional code block inside fsl_ifc_chip_init().  
> 
> I am not sure I want to check that. check_erased_page() can only
> handle layout with just one oobregion. If you think check is not
> needed, I'll happily remove the checking.

Let's drop it then. And please change the subject to "mtd: nand:
fsl_ifc: fix handing of bit flips in erased pages".

Thanks,

Boris

[toc] | [prev] | [next] | [standalone]

#1643610 — [PATCH] mtd: nand: fsl_ifc: fix handing of bit flips in erased pages

[Multipart message — attachments visible in raw view] — view raw

If we see unrecoverable ECC error, we need to count number of bitflips
from all-ones and report correctable/uncorrectable according to
that. Otherwise we report ECC failed on erased flash with single bit error.

Signed-off-by: Pavel Machek <pavel@denx.de>

diff --git a/drivers/mtd/nand/fsl_ifc_nand.c b/drivers/mtd/nand/fsl_ifc_nand.c
index d1570f5..1c66696 100644
--- a/drivers/mtd/nand/fsl_ifc_nand.c
+++ b/drivers/mtd/nand/fsl_ifc_nand.c
@@ -171,34 +171,6 @@ static void set_addr(struct mtd_info *mtd, int column, int page_addr, int oob)
 		ifc_nand_ctrl->index += mtd->writesize;
 }
 
-static int is_blank(struct mtd_info *mtd, unsigned int bufnum)
-{
-	struct nand_chip *chip = mtd_to_nand(mtd);
-	struct fsl_ifc_mtd *priv = nand_get_controller_data(chip);
-	u8 __iomem *addr = priv->vbase + bufnum * (mtd->writesize * 2);
-	u32 __iomem *mainarea = (u32 __iomem *)addr;
-	u8 __iomem *oob = addr + mtd->writesize;
-	struct mtd_oob_region oobregion = { };
-	int i, section = 0;
-
-	for (i = 0; i < mtd->writesize / 4; i++) {
-		if (__raw_readl(&mainarea[i]) != 0xffffffff)
-			return 0;
-	}
-
-	mtd_ooblayout_ecc(mtd, section++, &oobregion);
-	while (oobregion.length) {
-		for (i = 0; i < oobregion.length; i++) {
-			if (__raw_readb(&oob[oobregion.offset + i]) != 0xff)
-				return 0;
-		}
-
-		mtd_ooblayout_ecc(mtd, section++, &oobregion);
-	}
-
-	return 1;
-}
-
 /* returns nonzero if entire page is blank */
 static int check_read_ecc(struct mtd_info *mtd, struct fsl_ifc_ctrl *ctrl,
 			  u32 *eccstat, unsigned int bufnum)
@@ -274,16 +246,13 @@ static void fsl_ifc_run_command(struct mtd_info *mtd)
 			if (errors == 15) {
 				/*
 				 * Uncorrectable error.
-				 * OK only if the whole page is blank.
+				 * We'll check for blank pages later.
 				 *
 				 * We disable ECCER reporting due to...
 				 * erratum IFC-A002770 -- so report it now if we
 				 * see an uncorrectable error in ECCSTAT.
 				 */
-				if (!is_blank(mtd, bufnum))
-					ctrl->nand_stat |=
-						IFC_NAND_EVTER_STAT_ECCER;
-				break;
+				ctrl->nand_stat |= IFC_NAND_EVTER_STAT_ECCER;
 			}
 
 			mtd->ecc_stats.corrected += errors;
@@ -678,6 +648,39 @@ static int fsl_ifc_wait(struct mtd_info *mtd, struct nand_chip *chip)
 	return nand_fsr | NAND_STATUS_WP;
 }
 
+/*
+ * The controller does not check for bitflips in erased pages,
+ * therefore software must check instead.
+ */
+static int check_erased_page(struct nand_chip *chip, u8 *buf)
+{
+	struct mtd_info *mtd = nand_to_mtd(chip);
+	u8 *ecc = chip->oob_poi;
+	const int ecc_size = chip->ecc.bytes;
+	const int pkt_size = chip->ecc.size;
+	int i, res, bitflips = 0;
+	struct mtd_oob_region oobregion;
+
+	mtd_ooblayout_ecc(mtd, 0, &oobregion);
+	ecc += oobregion.offset;
+
+	for (i = 0; i < chip->ecc.steps; ++i) {
+		res = nand_check_erased_ecc_chunk(buf, pkt_size, ecc, ecc_size,
+						  NULL, 0,
+						  chip->ecc.strength);
+		if (res < 0)
+			mtd->ecc_stats.failed++;
+		else
+			mtd->ecc_stats.corrected += res;
+
+		bitflips = max(res, bitflips);
+		buf += pkt_size;
+		ecc += ecc_size;
+	}
+
+	return bitflips;
+}
+
 static int fsl_ifc_read_page(struct mtd_info *mtd, struct nand_chip *chip,
 			     uint8_t *buf, int oob_required, int page)
 {
@@ -689,11 +695,18 @@ static int fsl_ifc_read_page(struct mtd_info *mtd, struct nand_chip *chip,
 	if (oob_required)
 		fsl_ifc_read_buf(mtd, chip->oob_poi, mtd->oobsize);
 
-	if (ctrl->nand_stat & IFC_NAND_EVTER_STAT_ECCER)
-		dev_err(priv->dev, "NAND Flash ECC Uncorrectable Error\n");
-
 	if (ctrl->nand_stat != IFC_NAND_EVTER_STAT_OPC)
 		mtd->ecc_stats.failed++;
+
+	if (ctrl->nand_stat & IFC_NAND_EVTER_STAT_ECCER) {
+		int res;
+
+		if (!oob_required)
+			fsl_ifc_read_buf(mtd, chip->oob_poi, mtd->oobsize);
+
+		res = check_erased_page(chip, buf);
+		return res;
+	}
 
 	return nctrl->max_bitflips;
 }


-- 
(english) http://www.livejournal.com/~pavelmachek
(cesky, pictures) http://atrey.karlin.mff.cuni.cz/~pavel/picture/horses/blog.html

[toc] | [prev] | [standalone]

Back to top | Article view | linux.kernel

csiph-web