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Groups > linux.debian.user > #201279 > unrolled thread

What are the differences between systemd and non-systemd Linux distros?

Started byTurritopsis Dohrnii Teo En Ming <turritopsis.dohrnii@teo-en-ming.com>
First post2018-10-16 08:30 +0200
Last post2018-10-16 19:10 +0200
Articles 6 — 6 participants

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  What are the differences between systemd and non-systemd Linux  distros? Turritopsis Dohrnii Teo En Ming <turritopsis.dohrnii@teo-en-ming.com> - 2018-10-16 08:30 +0200
    Re: What are the differences between systemd and non-systemd Linux  distros? <tomas@tuxteam.de> - 2018-10-16 09:40 +0200
      Re: What are the differences between systemd and non-systemd Linux  distros? Jonathan Dowland <jmtd@debian.org> - 2018-10-16 11:20 +0200
    Re: What are the differences between systemd and non-systemd Linux  distros? Morel Bérenger <berenger.morel@sga-automation.com> - 2018-10-16 13:20 +0200
      Re: What are the differences between systemd and non-systemd Linux distros? rhkramer@gmail.com - 2018-10-16 18:00 +0200
    Re: What are the differences between systemd and non-systemd Linux  distros? Patrick Bartek <nemommxiv@gmail.com> - 2018-10-16 19:10 +0200

#201279 — What are the differences between systemd and non-systemd Linux distros?

FromTurritopsis Dohrnii Teo En Ming <turritopsis.dohrnii@teo-en-ming.com>
Date2018-10-16 08:30 +0200
SubjectWhat are the differences between systemd and non-systemd Linux distros?
Message-ID<wJr1D-IJ-1@gated-at.bofh.it>
Good afternoon from Singapore,

What are the differences between systemd and non-systemd Linux distros?

Is systemd implemented in all the latest Linux distros?

Please advise. Thank you.     
 
===BEGIN SIGNATURE=== 
Turritopsis Dohrnii Teo En Ming's Academic Qualifications as at 30 Oct 2017 
[1] https://tdtemcerts.wordpress.com/ 
[2] http://tdtemcerts.blogspot.sg/ 
[3] https://www.scribd.com/user/270125049/Teo-En-Ming 
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#201288

From<tomas@tuxteam.de>
Date2018-10-16 09:40 +0200
Message-ID<wJs7o-1k7-5@gated-at.bofh.it>
In reply to#201279

[Multipart message — attachments visible in raw view] — view raw

On Tue, Oct 16, 2018 at 05:59:36AM +0000, Turritopsis Dohrnii Teo En Ming wrote:
> Good afternoon from Singapore,
> 
> What are the differences between systemd and non-systemd Linux distros?

The difference is mainly in the init system.

> Is systemd implemented in all the latest Linux distros?

In all of them -- except in those where it is not.

> Please advise. Thank you.     

Sorry for the very unspecific answers. If you'd like more specific
ones, I'd advise to pose more specific questions.

Cheers
-- tomás

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#201296

FromJonathan Dowland <jmtd@debian.org>
Date2018-10-16 11:20 +0200
Message-ID<wJtGa-2kV-15@gated-at.bofh.it>
In reply to#201288
On Tue, Oct 16, 2018 at 09:17:41AM +0200, tomas@tuxteam.de wrote:
>Sorry for the very unspecific answers. If you'd like more specific
>ones, I'd advise to pose more specific questions.

Indeed, likewise it's hard to add much to such an un-specific question,
all I can think of to add is:

On Tue, Oct 16, 2018 at 09:17:41AM +0200, tomas@tuxteam.de wrote:
>On Tue, Oct 16, 2018 at 05:59:36AM +0000, Turritopsis Dohrnii Teo En Ming wrote:
>> Is systemd implemented in all the latest Linux distros?
>
>In all of them -- except in those where it is not.

systemd is nowadays more commonly implemented than not for distributions
that are still being developed.

Rather than divide distributions into those that implement systemd and
those that do not, you might instead consider: what choice of init
system do you have in different distributions?

Debian offers systemd as the default init and a choice of sysvinit as an
alternative.

Fedora/RedHat/CentOS have systemd by default and I do not know whether
they offer an alternative (I suspect not)

-- 

⢀⣴⠾⠻⢶⣦⠀
⣾⠁⢠⠒⠀⣿⡁ Jonathan Dowland
⢿⡄⠘⠷⠚⠋⠀ https://jmtd.net
⠈⠳⣄⠀⠀⠀⠀ Please do not CC me, I am subscribed to the list.

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#201302

FromMorel Bérenger <berenger.morel@sga-automation.com>
Date2018-10-16 13:20 +0200
Message-ID<wJvyh-3sw-1@gated-at.bofh.it>
In reply to#201279

[Multipart message — attachments visible in raw view] — view raw

Le Tue, 16 Oct 2018 05:59:36 +0000,
Turritopsis Dohrnii Teo En Ming <turritopsis.dohrnii@teo-en-ming.com> a
écrit :

> Good afternoon from Singapore,

Hello.

> What are the differences between systemd and non-systemd Linux
> distros?

Hard question, but you might found some informations if you dig in the
archives of this ML. However, be warned that the "discussions" were not
always polite and informative.

From my own limited point of view, I would say that systemd is closer
than a toolset doing several system-related tasks (managing logs,
trigger commands on events that might be time, reception of
network connections, detection of plugged hardware, birth or death of a
daemon process, and probably tons of others).

On the other hand, classic init systems are usually just the thing that
initialize the system.
Some of those init systems embed a watchdog mechanism, sometimes
directly (no example in mind, but it might exists), or as an external
binary (like runit which uses runsvdir).

Another difference is that systemd is AFAIK linux-only and doing
things in a specific way (declarative configuration versus executable
files for other init systems, traditionally bourne shell scripts), so if
you master it and later want to use, for example, NetBSD, you'll have to
relearn everything, while learning most other init systems will have
some common things.

I know those replies are vague, but so is your question, and I tried to
stay neutral.

AFAIK, all ways can work for you.
Also, this is only a concern for you if you intend to create daemons or
manage your systems in the depths, not if you just intend to be normal
user.

> Is systemd implemented in all the latest Linux distros?

Depends on what you call implemented.

If you mean installed by default, then no, here is a quote from
https://www.devuan.org/os/init-freedom/

> GNU/Linux Distributions without systemd
> Devuan uses sysvinit, offers openrc, runit, sinit
> Dragora uses sysvinit + perp
> Gentoo uses openrc (see Gentoo without systemd)
> Obarun uses s6 supervision suite
> PCLinuxOS
> Refracta
> Slackware uses sysvinit
> Stali, the static Linux, uses sinit
> Void Linux uses runit
> Hyperbola uses openrc
> Artix offers OpenRC and runit

I doubt this list is either exhaustive or up-to-date, what I can say is
that I personally use voidlinux on some systems and enjoy it, as well
as I enjoy using Debian on some others, depending on the role of the
system.
And I always have 2 distros installed by system, so that I could
chroot from one into the other, just in case I mess something (which
did not happen since several months, lucky me).

> Please advise. Thank you.     

I can't advise without knowing what you aim to.

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#201311 — Re: What are the differences between systemd and non-systemd Linux distros?

Fromrhkramer@gmail.com
Date2018-10-16 18:00 +0200
SubjectRe: What are the differences between systemd and non-systemd Linux distros?
Message-ID<wJzVg-5UT-7@gated-at.bofh.it>
In reply to#201302
On Tuesday, October 16, 2018 03:54:56 AM Morel Bérenger wrote:
> Le Tue, 16 Oct 2018 05:59:36 +0000,
> Turritopsis Dohrnii Teo En Ming <turritopsis.dohrnii@teo-en-ming.com> a
> 
> écrit :
> > What are the differences between systemd and non-systemd Linux
> > distros?

> I know those replies are vague, but so is your question, and I tried to
> stay neutral.

Just for the record, I disagree with your characterization that the question 
is vague -- it is broad, but not vague.  (I think somebody else (or you) made 
a similar comment about one of these questions being vague -- again, the 
question(s) may be broad, but not vague.

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#201320

FromPatrick Bartek <nemommxiv@gmail.com>
Date2018-10-16 19:10 +0200
Message-ID<wJB0Z-6LZ-7@gated-at.bofh.it>
In reply to#201279
On Tue, 16 Oct 2018 05:59:36 +0000
Turritopsis Dohrnii Teo En Ming <turritopsis.dohrnii@teo-en-ming.com>
wrote:

> Good afternoon from Singapore,
> 
> What are the differences between systemd and non-systemd Linux
> distros?

Between disros themselves? Little except the init system. As an
example, when I first installed Stretch, it defaulted to systemd, but
with just a couple of commands in a terminal, I converted it to
sysvinit. Took less than a minute and a reboot. And it's been running
for months now without any problems. 

> Is systemd implemented in all the latest Linux distros?

By default?  No.  But with most that default to an init other than
systemd, you can convert it to systemd.

> Please advise. Thank you.     

As far as the pros and cons of the two init systems, maybe, this will
help.  Although, both are Debian specific, they generally apply to
all Linux distros.

   https://wiki.debian.org/Debate/initsystem/systemd
   https://wiki.debian.org/Debate/initsystem/sysvinit

B

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