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Groups > linux.debian.user > #257358 > unrolled thread

/etc/fstab question (problem)?

Started byDefault User <hunguponcontent@gmail.com>
First post2023-04-18 17:00 +0200
Last post2023-04-19 22:40 +0200
Articles 20 on this page of 81 — 19 participants

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  /etc/fstab question (problem)? Default User <hunguponcontent@gmail.com> - 2023-04-18 17:00 +0200
    Re: /etc/fstab question (problem)? Charles Curley <charlescurley@charlescurley.com> - 2023-04-18 17:40 +0200
      Re: /etc/fstab question (problem)? Max Nikulin <manikulin@gmail.com> - 2023-04-18 19:00 +0200
      Re: /etc/fstab question (problem)? <tomas@tuxteam.de> - 2023-04-18 21:10 +0200
        Re: /etc/fstab question (problem)? Tom Furie <tom@furie.org.uk> - 2023-04-18 23:20 +0200
          Re: /etc/fstab question (problem)? <tomas@tuxteam.de> - 2023-04-19 06:40 +0200
            tmp on tmpfs Max Nikulin <manikulin@gmail.com> - 2023-04-19 08:20 +0200
              Re: tmp on tmpfs <tomas@tuxteam.de> - 2023-04-19 08:40 +0200
                Re: tmp on tmpfs Nicolas George <george@nsup.org> - 2023-04-19 09:00 +0200
                  Re: tmp on tmpfs tomas@tuxteam.de - 2023-04-19 10:00 +0200
                    Re: tmp on tmpfs Celejar <celejar@gmail.com> - 2023-04-24 18:20 +0200
                      Re: tmp on tmpfs <tomas@tuxteam.de> - 2023-04-24 19:10 +0200
                        Re: tmp on tmpfs Celejar <celejar@gmail.com> - 2023-04-24 19:40 +0200
                  Re: tmp on tmpfs Celejar <celejar@gmail.com> - 2023-04-24 18:20 +0200
                Re: tmp on tmpfs Max Nikulin <manikulin@gmail.com> - 2023-04-19 13:10 +0200
                  Re: tmp on tmpfs <tomas@tuxteam.de> - 2023-04-19 20:10 +0200
                    Re: tmp on tmpfs songbird <songbird@anthive.com> - 2023-04-20 15:00 +0200
                Re: tmp on tmpfs Vincent Lefevre <vincent@vinc17.net> - 2023-04-20 16:20 +0200
                  Re: tmp on tmpfs <tomas@tuxteam.de> - 2023-04-20 16:30 +0200
                    Re: tmp on tmpfs Vincent Lefevre <vincent@vinc17.net> - 2023-04-20 17:20 +0200
                  Re: tmp on tmpfs Jeffrey Walton <noloader@gmail.com> - 2023-04-20 16:30 +0200
                    Re: tmp on tmpfs <tomas@tuxteam.de> - 2023-04-20 16:40 +0200
    Re: /etc/fstab question (problem)? songbird <songbird@anthive.com> - 2023-04-18 18:00 +0200
    Re: /etc/fstab question (problem)? David Christensen <dpchrist@holgerdanske.com> - 2023-04-18 22:10 +0200
      Re: /etc/fstab question (problem)? Default User <hunguponcontent@gmail.com> - 2023-04-18 23:50 +0200
        Re: /etc/fstab question (problem)? Greg Wooledge <greg@wooledge.org> - 2023-04-19 00:00 +0200
        Re: /etc/fstab question (problem)? David Christensen <dpchrist@holgerdanske.com> - 2023-04-19 02:00 +0200
          Re: /etc/fstab question (problem)? Default User <hunguponcontent@gmail.com> - 2023-04-19 03:20 +0200
            Re: /etc/fstab question (problem)? Charles Curley <charlescurley@charlescurley.com> - 2023-04-19 04:50 +0200
            Re: /etc/fstab question (problem)? David Christensen <dpchrist@holgerdanske.com> - 2023-04-19 05:00 +0200
            Re: /etc/fstab question (problem)? David Wright <deblis@lionunicorn.co.uk> - 2023-04-19 05:10 +0200
              Re: /etc/fstab question (problem)? Stefan Monnier <monnier@iro.umontreal.ca> - 2023-04-19 05:20 +0200
                Re: /etc/fstab question (problem)? David Christensen <dpchrist@holgerdanske.com> - 2023-04-19 11:20 +0200
                  Re: /etc/fstab question (problem)? Max Nikulin <manikulin@gmail.com> - 2023-04-19 13:10 +0200
                    Re: /etc/fstab question (problem)? Default User <hunguponcontent@gmail.com> - 2023-04-19 22:10 +0200
                      Re: /etc/fstab question (problem)? David Wright <deblis@lionunicorn.co.uk> - 2023-04-19 22:40 +0200
                        Re: /etc/fstab question (problem)? Default User <hunguponcontent@gmail.com> - 2023-04-19 23:00 +0200
                          Re: /etc/fstab question (problem)? Default User <hunguponcontent@gmail.com> - 2023-04-19 23:10 +0200
                            Re: /etc/fstab question (problem)? davidson <davidson@freevolt.org> - 2023-04-20 01:50 +0200
                              Re: /etc/fstab question (problem)? Default User <hunguponcontent@gmail.com> - 2023-04-20 03:50 +0200
                              Re: /etc/fstab question (problem)? songbird <songbird@anthive.com> - 2023-04-20 15:10 +0200
                            Re: /etc/fstab question (problem)? rhkramer@gmail.com - 2023-04-21 11:10 +0200
                              Re: /etc/fstab question (problem)? Greg Wooledge <greg@wooledge.org> - 2023-04-21 13:20 +0200
                        gitification (was Re: /etc/fstab question (problem)? songbird <songbird@anthive.com> - 2023-04-20 15:00 +0200
                          Re: gitification (was Re: /etc/fstab question (problem)? Stefan Monnier <monnier@iro.umontreal.ca> - 2023-04-20 15:40 +0200
                            Re: gitification (was Re: /etc/fstab question (problem)? songbird <songbird@anthive.com> - 2023-04-20 20:40 +0200
                              Re: gitification (was Re: /etc/fstab question (problem)? Stefan Monnier <monnier@iro.umontreal.ca> - 2023-04-20 22:10 +0200
                                Re: gitification (was Re: /etc/fstab question (problem)? songbird <songbird@anthive.com> - 2023-04-21 00:50 +0200
                                  Re: gitification (was Re: /etc/fstab question (problem)? Jeremy Ardley <jeremy@ardley.org> - 2023-04-21 01:10 +0200
                                    Re: gitification (was Re: /etc/fstab question (problem)? songbird <songbird@anthive.com> - 2023-04-21 19:50 +0200
                          Re: gitification (was Re: /etc/fstab question (problem)? Jeremy Ardley <jeremy@ardley.org> - 2023-04-20 15:40 +0200
                          Re: gitification (was Re: /etc/fstab question (problem)? Max Nikulin <manikulin@gmail.com> - 2023-04-20 17:30 +0200
                            Re: gitification (was Re: /etc/fstab question (problem)? songbird <songbird@anthive.com> - 2023-04-20 20:30 +0200
                              Re: gitification (was Re: /etc/fstab question (problem)? Max Nikulin <manikulin@gmail.com> - 2023-04-22 08:40 +0200
                          Re: gitification (was Re: /etc/fstab question (problem)? David Christensen <dpchrist@holgerdanske.com> - 2023-04-20 22:50 +0200
                            Re: gitification (was Re: /etc/fstab question (problem)? songbird <songbird@anthive.com> - 2023-04-21 00:50 +0200
                              Re: gitification (was Re: /etc/fstab question (problem)? David Christensen <dpchrist@holgerdanske.com> - 2023-04-21 04:40 +0200
                      Re: /etc/fstab question (problem)? Dan Ritter <dsr@randomstring.org> - 2023-04-19 22:40 +0200
                      Re: /etc/fstab question (problem)? David Christensen <dpchrist@holgerdanske.com> - 2023-04-19 23:10 +0200
                        Re: /etc/fstab question (problem)? Default User <hunguponcontent@gmail.com> - 2023-04-19 23:30 +0200
                          Re: /etc/fstab question (problem)? David Christensen <dpchrist@holgerdanske.com> - 2023-04-20 00:10 +0200
                            Re: /etc/fstab question (problem)? David Christensen <dpchrist@holgerdanske.com> - 2023-04-20 00:20 +0200
                              [SOLVED] Re: /etc/fstab question (problem)? Default User <hunguponcontent@gmail.com> - 2023-04-20 02:30 +0200
                                Re: [SOLVED] Re: /etc/fstab question (problem)? David Christensen <dpchrist@holgerdanske.com> - 2023-04-20 03:00 +0200
                        Re: /etc/fstab question (problem)? Max Nikulin <manikulin@gmail.com> - 2023-04-21 17:20 +0200
                          Re: /etc/fstab question (problem)? David Christensen <dpchrist@holgerdanske.com> - 2023-04-22 00:50 +0200
                            Re: /etc/fstab question (problem)? David Wright <deblis@lionunicorn.co.uk> - 2023-04-22 17:30 +0200
                              Re: /etc/fstab question (problem)? David Christensen <dpchrist@holgerdanske.com> - 2023-04-23 04:00 +0200
                                Re: /etc/fstab question (problem)? David Wright <deblis@lionunicorn.co.uk> - 2023-04-23 06:20 +0200
                                  Re: /etc/fstab question (problem)? David Christensen <dpchrist@holgerdanske.com> - 2023-04-23 10:20 +0200
                                    Re: /etc/fstab question (problem)? Celejar <celejar@gmail.com> - 2023-04-24 18:30 +0200
                                    Re: /etc/fstab question (problem)? David Wright <deblis@lionunicorn.co.uk> - 2023-04-25 15:00 +0200
                                  old memory sticks (was Re: /etc/fstab question (problem)? songbird <songbird@anthive.com> - 2023-04-23 17:20 +0200
                                    [SOLVED]: old memory sticks songbird <songbird@anthive.com> - 2023-04-24 03:50 +0200
                      Re: /etc/fstab question (problem)? songbird <songbird@anthive.com> - 2023-04-20 15:10 +0200
                        Re: /etc/fstab question (problem)? Max Nikulin <manikulin@gmail.com> - 2023-04-20 17:20 +0200
                          Re: /etc/fstab question (problem)? David Wright <deblis@lionunicorn.co.uk> - 2023-04-21 06:30 +0200
                            Re: /etc/fstab question (problem)? <tomas@tuxteam.de> - 2023-04-21 06:50 +0200
                      Re: /etc/fstab question (problem)? Default User <hunguponcontent@gmail.com> - 2023-04-20 16:30 +0200
                    Re: /etc/fstab question (problem)? David Wright <deblis@lionunicorn.co.uk> - 2023-04-19 22:40 +0200
                    Re: /etc/fstab question (problem)? Default User <hunguponcontent@gmail.com> - 2023-04-19 22:40 +0200

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#257437 — Re: tmp on tmpfs

FromJeffrey Walton <noloader@gmail.com>
Date2023-04-20 16:30 +0200
SubjectRe: tmp on tmpfs
Message-ID<GmDsl-3jpR-13@gated-at.bofh.it>
In reply to#257434
On Thu, Apr 20, 2023 at 10:14 AM Vincent Lefevre <vincent@vinc17.net> wrote:
>
> On 2023-04-19 08:34:50 +0200, tomas@tuxteam.de wrote:
> > There is one downside to /tmp on tmpfs: it eats RAM. You gotta
> > have some of it (currently I've 9G free on / and 16G RAM).
>
> True, and when I used tmpfs in the past (in 2012), I got many failures
> due to lack of space (because of limited RAM).

That makes me want to cringe. It brings back memories of Solaris
constantly running out of RAM when trying to run the SunCC compiler.
(Solaris does not over commit memory. You need boatloads of RAM).

Who would want to torture themselves like that?

Jeff

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#257438 — Re: tmp on tmpfs

From<tomas@tuxteam.de>
Date2023-04-20 16:40 +0200
SubjectRe: tmp on tmpfs
Message-ID<GmDC2-3jtc-13@gated-at.bofh.it>
In reply to#257437

[Multipart message — attachments visible in raw view] — view raw

On Thu, Apr 20, 2023 at 10:29:04AM -0400, Jeffrey Walton wrote:
> On Thu, Apr 20, 2023 at 10:14 AM Vincent Lefevre <vincent@vinc17.net> wrote:
> >
> > On 2023-04-19 08:34:50 +0200, tomas@tuxteam.de wrote:
> > > There is one downside to /tmp on tmpfs: it eats RAM. You gotta
> > > have some of it (currently I've 9G free on / and 16G RAM).
> >
> > True, and when I used tmpfs in the past (in 2012), I got many failures
> > due to lack of space (because of limited RAM).
> 
> That makes me want to cringe. It brings back memories of Solaris
> constantly running out of RAM when trying to run the SunCC compiler.
> (Solaris does not over commit memory. You need boatloads of RAM).
> 
> Who would want to torture themselves like that?

These were other times. My current lowly laptop's RAM is quite possibly
bigger than your whole hard disk back then.

And -- with one exception (firefox, I'm looking at you!) -- software's
hunger hasn't been able to keep up with that.

Cheers
-- 
t

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#257361

Fromsongbird <songbird@anthive.com>
Date2023-04-18 18:00 +0200
Message-ID<GlVUl-2SWQ-1@gated-at.bofh.it>
In reply to#257358
Default User wrote:
...
> What to do?

  if the tmp partition exists then put it back in your
fstab and see if you can mount it manually.  it may or
may not mount.  if it doesn't you can reboot and it
should then mount.

  of course,  make sure you have the mount point defined.


> And if further information is needed, please let me know, and I will
> try to get it for you.
>
> Thanks!


  songbird

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#257376

FromDavid Christensen <dpchrist@holgerdanske.com>
Date2023-04-18 22:10 +0200
Message-ID<GlZOh-2VD6-7@gated-at.bofh.it>
In reply to#257358
On 4/18/23 07:59, Default User wrote:
> Hey, I have a strange situation!
> 
> I just realized that my /tmp partition is not being mounted at startup.
> Instead, I think the filesystem may be allocating space in another
> partition (maybe /root?) for tmp stuff.
> 
> I would like to return to the prior setup, where the /tmp partition is
> mounted at startup, and is used for the tmp stuff.
> 
> Can I do so without trashing my system, and having to reinstall from
> scratch.
> 
> Note: I have current system bakups using Timeshift, and current data
> (/home/[user]) backups using Borgbackup.
> 
> And I can image the ssd with Clonezilla, or even dd, if I have to. But
> I would prefer not to go through the hassle of doing so, if it is not
> really needed.
> 
> I am running Debian 11 Stable (Bullseye).
> My computer has a single internal 256 Gb ssd.
> I am using Gnome Version 3.38.5 as my desktop environment.
> 
> uname -a:
> Linux [host name] 6.0.0-0.deb11.6-amd64 #1 SMP PREEMPT_DYNAMIC Debian
> 6.0.12-1~bpo11+1 (2022-12-19) x86_64 GNU/Linux
> 
> mount:
> sysfs on /sys type sysfs (rw,nosuid,nodev,noexec,relatime)
> proc on /proc type proc (rw,nosuid,nodev,noexec,relatime)
> udev on /dev type devtmpfs
> (rw,nosuid,relatime,size=3907040k,nr_inodes=976760,mode=755,inode64)
> devpts on /dev/pts type devpts
> (rw,nosuid,noexec,relatime,gid=5,mode=620,ptmxmode=000)
> tmpfs on /run type tmpfs
> (rw,nosuid,nodev,noexec,relatime,size=788500k,mode=755,inode64)
> /dev/nvme0n1p2 on / type ext4 (rw,relatime,errors=remount-ro)
> securityfs on /sys/kernel/security type securityfs
> (rw,nosuid,nodev,noexec,relatime)
> tmpfs on /dev/shm type tmpfs (rw,nosuid,nodev,inode64)
> tmpfs on /run/lock type tmpfs
> (rw,nosuid,nodev,noexec,relatime,size=5120k,inode64)
> cgroup2 on /sys/fs/cgroup type cgroup2
> (rw,nosuid,nodev,noexec,relatime,nsdelegate,memory_recursiveprot)
> pstore on /sys/fs/pstore type pstore (rw,nosuid,nodev,noexec,relatime)
> efivarfs on /sys/firmware/efi/efivars type efivarfs
> (rw,nosuid,nodev,noexec,relatime)
> bpf on /sys/fs/bpf type bpf (rw,nosuid,nodev,noexec,relatime,mode=700)
> systemd-1 on /proc/sys/fs/binfmt_misc type autofs
> (rw,relatime,fd=29,pgrp=1,timeout=0,minproto=5,maxproto=5,direct,pipe_i
> no=786)
> hugetlbfs on /dev/hugepages type hugetlbfs (rw,relatime,pagesize=2M)
> mqueue on /dev/mqueue type mqueue (rw,nosuid,nodev,noexec,relatime)
> debugfs on /sys/kernel/debug type debugfs
> (rw,nosuid,nodev,noexec,relatime)
> tracefs on /sys/kernel/tracing type tracefs
> (rw,nosuid,nodev,noexec,relatime)
> configfs on /sys/kernel/config type configfs
> (rw,nosuid,nodev,noexec,relatime)
> fusectl on /sys/fs/fuse/connections type fusectl
> (rw,nosuid,nodev,noexec,relatime)
> /dev/nvme0n1p3 on /var type ext4 (rw,relatime)
> /dev/nvme0n1p6 on /home type ext4 (rw,relatime)
> /dev/nvme0n1p1 on /boot/efi type vfat
> (rw,relatime,fmask=0077,dmask=0077,codepage=437,iocharset=ascii,shortna
> me=mixed,utf8,errors=remount-ro)
> tmpfs on /run/user/1000 type tmpfs
> (rw,nosuid,nodev,relatime,size=788496k,nr_inodes=197124,mode=700,uid=10
> 00,gid=1000,inode64)
> gvfsd-fuse on /run/user/1000/gvfs type fuse.gvfsd-fuse
> (rw,nosuid,nodev,relatime,user_id=1000,group_id=1000)
> portal on /run/user/1000/doc type fuse.portal
> (rw,nosuid,nodev,relatime,user_id=1000,group_id=1000)
> 
> Current /etc/fstab:
> # <file system> <mount point> <type> <options> <dump> <pass>
> 
> UUID=4fdd4399-6267-404a-a292-
> cdc7761df3c9	/	ext4	errors=remount-ro	0	1
> UUID=26EE-0EF5	/boot/efi	vfat	umask=0077	0	1
> UUID=00f0c2db-0490-4354-b949-
> f9af11a7f001	/home	ext4	defaults	0	2
> UUID=8bfeee23-9c09-45b7-a73e-
> bd2ff43e207c	/var	ext4	defaults	0	2
> UUID=e2a56ec3-99d4-4b40-9aa4-
> 24975143cdc7	none	swap	sw	0	0
> 
> Original /etc/fstab:
> # /etc/fstab: static file system information.
> #
> # Use 'blkid' to print the universally unique identifier for a
> # device; this may be used with UUID= as a more robust way to name
> devices
> # that works even if disks are added and removed. See fstab(5).
> #
> # systemd generates mount units based on this file, see
> systemd.mount(5).
> # Please run 'systemctl daemon-reload' after making changes here.
> #
> # <file system> <mount point>   <type>  <options>       <dump>  <pass>
> # / was on /dev/nvme0n1p2 during installation
> UUID=4fdd4399-6267-404a-a292-cdc7761df3c9 /               ext4
> errors=remount-ro 0       1
> # /boot/efi was on /dev/nvme0n1p1 during installation
> UUID=26EE-0EF5  /boot/efi       vfat    umask=0077      0       1
> # /home was on /dev/nvme0n1p6 during installation
> UUID=00f0c2db-0490-4354-b949-f9af11a7f001 /home           ext4
> defaults        0       2
> # /tmp was on /dev/nvme0n1p5 during installation
> UUID=6a105a72-f5d5-441b-b926-1e405151ee84 /tmp            ext4
> defaults        0       2
> # /var was on /dev/nvme0n1p3 during installation
> UUID=8bfeee23-9c09-45b7-a73e-bd2ff43e207c /var            ext4
> defaults        0       2
> # swap was on /dev/nvme0n1p4 during installation
> UUID=e2a56ec3-99d4-4b40-9aa4-24975143cdc7 none            swap    sw
> 0       0
> 
> ls -lahFi /etc/fstab:
> 522243 -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 368 Apr  3 17:01 /etc/fstab
> 
> ls -lahFi /etc/fstab.original:
> 522547 -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 1.3K Mar 11 12:02 /etc/fstab.original
> 
> lsblk:
> NAME        MAJ:MIN RM   SIZE RO TYPE MOUNTPOINT
> nvme0n1     259:0    0 238.5G  0 disk
> ├─nvme0n1p1 259:1    0   512M  0 part /boot/efi
> ├─nvme0n1p2 259:2    0  23.3G  0 part /
> ├─nvme0n1p3 259:3    0   9.3G  0 part /var
> ├─nvme0n1p4 259:4    0   977M  0 part [SWAP]
> ├─nvme0n1p5 259:5    0   1.9G  0 part
> └─nvme0n1p6 259:6    0 202.6G  0 part /home
> 
> blkid:
> /dev/nvme0n1p1: UUID="26EE-0EF5" BLOCK_SIZE="512" TYPE="vfat"
> PARTUUID="c0b4b1bb-bdf3-4066-b75a-f3cf56186e27"
> /dev/nvme0n1p2: UUID="4fdd4399-6267-404a-a292-cdc7761df3c9"
> BLOCK_SIZE="4096" TYPE="ext4" PARTUUID="706ab20c-ea65-4c25-a632-
> b7858550f966"
> /dev/nvme0n1p3: UUID="8bfeee23-9c09-45b7-a73e-bd2ff43e207c"
> BLOCK_SIZE="4096" TYPE="ext4" PARTUUID="0831f4bf-98fc-4189-a3cb-
> fc2781e580fb"
> /dev/nvme0n1p4: UUID="e2a56ec3-99d4-4b40-9aa4-24975143cdc7" TYPE="swap"
> PARTUUID="b32e1385-6518-4d1d-9181-66d31929c7ab"
> /dev/nvme0n1p5: UUID="6a105a72-f5d5-441b-b926-1e405151ee84"
> BLOCK_SIZE="4096" TYPE="ext4" PARTUUID="834502f5-08b3-42ad-a322-
> cf86732f8155"
> /dev/nvme0n1p6: UUID="00f0c2db-0490-4354-b949-f9af11a7f001"
> BLOCK_SIZE="4096" TYPE="ext4" PARTUUID="40721dda-02ba-49a1-abfc-
> b624fc739d9f"
> 
> What to do?
> 
> And if further information is needed, please let me know, and I will
> try to get it for you.
> 
> Thanks!


I have a 2.5" SATA SSD with an installation of 
debian-11.6.0-amd64-netinst via Debian GNU/Linux UEFI Installer menu -> 
Install.  I tried to KISS and OOTB:

2023-04-18 12:42:22 root@taz ~
# cat /etc/debian_version ; uname -a
11.6
Linux taz 5.10.0-21-amd64 #1 SMP Debian 5.10.162-1 (2023-01-21) x86_64 
GNU/Linux


Our kernels are different.  Did you install a backports kernel?


2023-04-18 12:52:49 root@taz ~
# mount | grep tmp
udev on /dev type devtmpfs 
(rw,nosuid,relatime,size=16328088k,nr_inodes=4082022,mode=755)
tmpfs on /run type tmpfs 
(rw,nosuid,nodev,noexec,relatime,size=3271028k,mode=755)
tmpfs on /dev/shm type tmpfs (rw,nosuid,nodev)
tmpfs on /run/lock type tmpfs (rw,nosuid,nodev,noexec,relatime,size=5120k)
tmpfs on /run/user/13250 type tmpfs 
(rw,nosuid,nodev,relatime,size=3271024k,nr_inodes=817756,mode=700,uid=13250,gid=13250)
tmpfs on /run/user/0 type tmpfs 
(rw,nosuid,nodev,relatime,size=3271024k,nr_inodes=817756,mode=700)

2023-04-18 12:53:32 root@taz ~
# grep tmp /etc/fstab

2023-04-18 12:53:50 root@taz ~
#


My / (root) and /tmp directories are on the same file system -- the root 
filesystem:

2023-04-18 12:46:41 root@taz ~/taz.tracy.holgerdanske.com
# stat -c %d / /tmp
65024
65024


Your root filesystem is on the NVMe drive, and your /tmp appears to be 
on the root filesystem.  Run 'stat -c %d / /tmp' to confirm.


I would leave /tmp where it is, unless you have some specific need (such 
as a server or application than uses /tmp heavily).


That said, I keep my FOSS OS images small enough to fit onto a "16 GB" 
device -- typically an SSD, but also HDD or USB flash drive.  When I 
want to do audio/ video editing and the SSD has leftover space, I 
frequently create a "scratch" partition and filesystem in the free space 
and configure the app to use that for temporary files.


David

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#257378

FromDefault User <hunguponcontent@gmail.com>
Date2023-04-18 23:50 +0200
Message-ID<Gm1n3-2Wru-1@gated-at.bofh.it>
In reply to#257376
On Tue, 2023-04-18 at 13:03 -0700, David Christensen wrote:
> On 4/18/23 07:59, Default User wrote:
> > Hey, I have a strange situation!
> > 
> > I just realized that my /tmp partition is not being mounted at
> > startup.
> > Instead, I think the filesystem may be allocating space in another
> > partition (maybe /root?) for tmp stuff.
> > 
> > I would like to return to the prior setup, where the /tmp partition
> > is
> > mounted at startup, and is used for the tmp stuff.
> > 
> > Can I do so without trashing my system, and having to reinstall
> > from
> > scratch.
> > 
> > Note: I have current system bakups using Timeshift, and current
> > data
> > (/home/[user]) backups using Borgbackup.
> > 
> > And I can image the ssd with Clonezilla, or even dd, if I have to.
> > But
> > I would prefer not to go through the hassle of doing so, if it is
> > not
> > really needed.
> > 
> > I am running Debian 11 Stable (Bullseye).
> > My computer has a single internal 256 Gb ssd.
> > I am using Gnome Version 3.38.5 as my desktop environment.
> > 
> > uname -a:
> > Linux [host name] 6.0.0-0.deb11.6-amd64 #1 SMP PREEMPT_DYNAMIC
> > Debian
> > 6.0.12-1~bpo11+1 (2022-12-19) x86_64 GNU/Linux
> > 
> > mount:
> > sysfs on /sys type sysfs (rw,nosuid,nodev,noexec,relatime)
> > proc on /proc type proc (rw,nosuid,nodev,noexec,relatime)
> > udev on /dev type devtmpfs
> > (rw,nosuid,relatime,size=3907040k,nr_inodes=976760,mode=755,inode64
> > )
> > devpts on /dev/pts type devpts
> > (rw,nosuid,noexec,relatime,gid=5,mode=620,ptmxmode=000)
> > tmpfs on /run type tmpfs
> > (rw,nosuid,nodev,noexec,relatime,size=788500k,mode=755,inode64)
> > /dev/nvme0n1p2 on / type ext4 (rw,relatime,errors=remount-ro)
> > securityfs on /sys/kernel/security type securityfs
> > (rw,nosuid,nodev,noexec,relatime)
> > tmpfs on /dev/shm type tmpfs (rw,nosuid,nodev,inode64)
> > tmpfs on /run/lock type tmpfs
> > (rw,nosuid,nodev,noexec,relatime,size=5120k,inode64)
> > cgroup2 on /sys/fs/cgroup type cgroup2
> > (rw,nosuid,nodev,noexec,relatime,nsdelegate,memory_recursiveprot)
> > pstore on /sys/fs/pstore type pstore
> > (rw,nosuid,nodev,noexec,relatime)
> > efivarfs on /sys/firmware/efi/efivars type efivarfs
> > (rw,nosuid,nodev,noexec,relatime)
> > bpf on /sys/fs/bpf type bpf
> > (rw,nosuid,nodev,noexec,relatime,mode=700)
> > systemd-1 on /proc/sys/fs/binfmt_misc type autofs
> > (rw,relatime,fd=29,pgrp=1,timeout=0,minproto=5,maxproto=5,direct,pi
> > pe_i
> > no=786)
> > hugetlbfs on /dev/hugepages type hugetlbfs
> > (rw,relatime,pagesize=2M)
> > mqueue on /dev/mqueue type mqueue (rw,nosuid,nodev,noexec,relatime)
> > debugfs on /sys/kernel/debug type debugfs
> > (rw,nosuid,nodev,noexec,relatime)
> > tracefs on /sys/kernel/tracing type tracefs
> > (rw,nosuid,nodev,noexec,relatime)
> > configfs on /sys/kernel/config type configfs
> > (rw,nosuid,nodev,noexec,relatime)
> > fusectl on /sys/fs/fuse/connections type fusectl
> > (rw,nosuid,nodev,noexec,relatime)
> > /dev/nvme0n1p3 on /var type ext4 (rw,relatime)
> > /dev/nvme0n1p6 on /home type ext4 (rw,relatime)
> > /dev/nvme0n1p1 on /boot/efi type vfat
> > (rw,relatime,fmask=0077,dmask=0077,codepage=437,iocharset=ascii,sho
> > rtna
> > me=mixed,utf8,errors=remount-ro)
> > tmpfs on /run/user/1000 type tmpfs
> > (rw,nosuid,nodev,relatime,size=788496k,nr_inodes=197124,mode=700,ui
> > d=10
> > 00,gid=1000,inode64)
> > gvfsd-fuse on /run/user/1000/gvfs type fuse.gvfsd-fuse
> > (rw,nosuid,nodev,relatime,user_id=1000,group_id=1000)
> > portal on /run/user/1000/doc type fuse.portal
> > (rw,nosuid,nodev,relatime,user_id=1000,group_id=1000)
> > 
> > Current /etc/fstab:
> > # <file system> <mount point> <type> <options> <dump> <pass>
> > 
> > UUID=4fdd4399-6267-404a-a292-
> > cdc7761df3c9    /       ext4    errors=remount-ro       0       1
> > UUID=26EE-0EF5  /boot/efi       vfat    umask=0077      0       1
> > UUID=00f0c2db-0490-4354-b949-
> > f9af11a7f001    /home   ext4    defaults        0       2
> > UUID=8bfeee23-9c09-45b7-a73e-
> > bd2ff43e207c    /var    ext4    defaults        0       2
> > UUID=e2a56ec3-99d4-4b40-9aa4-
> > 24975143cdc7    none    swap    sw      0       0
> > 
> > Original /etc/fstab:
> > # /etc/fstab: static file system information.
> > #
> > # Use 'blkid' to print the universally unique identifier for a
> > # device; this may be used with UUID= as a more robust way to name
> > devices
> > # that works even if disks are added and removed. See fstab(5).
> > #
> > # systemd generates mount units based on this file, see
> > systemd.mount(5).
> > # Please run 'systemctl daemon-reload' after making changes here.
> > #
> > # <file system> <mount point>   <type>  <options>       <dump> 
> > <pass>
> > # / was on /dev/nvme0n1p2 during installation
> > UUID=4fdd4399-6267-404a-a292-cdc7761df3c9 /               ext4
> > errors=remount-ro 0       1
> > # /boot/efi was on /dev/nvme0n1p1 during installation
> > UUID=26EE-0EF5  /boot/efi       vfat    umask=0077      0       1
> > # /home was on /dev/nvme0n1p6 during installation
> > UUID=00f0c2db-0490-4354-b949-f9af11a7f001 /home           ext4
> > defaults        0       2
> > # /tmp was on /dev/nvme0n1p5 during installation
> > UUID=6a105a72-f5d5-441b-b926-1e405151ee84 /tmp            ext4
> > defaults        0       2
> > # /var was on /dev/nvme0n1p3 during installation
> > UUID=8bfeee23-9c09-45b7-a73e-bd2ff43e207c /var            ext4
> > defaults        0       2
> > # swap was on /dev/nvme0n1p4 during installation
> > UUID=e2a56ec3-99d4-4b40-9aa4-24975143cdc7 none            swap   
> > sw
> > 0       0
> > 
> > ls -lahFi /etc/fstab:
> > 522243 -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 368 Apr  3 17:01 /etc/fstab
> > 
> > ls -lahFi /etc/fstab.original:
> > 522547 -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 1.3K Mar 11 12:02 /etc/fstab.original
> > 
> > lsblk:
> > NAME        MAJ:MIN RM   SIZE RO TYPE MOUNTPOINT
> > nvme0n1     259:0    0 238.5G  0 disk
> > ├─nvme0n1p1 259:1    0   512M  0 part /boot/efi
> > ├─nvme0n1p2 259:2    0  23.3G  0 part /
> > ├─nvme0n1p3 259:3    0   9.3G  0 part /var
> > ├─nvme0n1p4 259:4    0   977M  0 part [SWAP]
> > ├─nvme0n1p5 259:5    0   1.9G  0 part
> > └─nvme0n1p6 259:6    0 202.6G  0 part /home
> > 
> > blkid:
> > /dev/nvme0n1p1: UUID="26EE-0EF5" BLOCK_SIZE="512" TYPE="vfat"
> > PARTUUID="c0b4b1bb-bdf3-4066-b75a-f3cf56186e27"
> > /dev/nvme0n1p2: UUID="4fdd4399-6267-404a-a292-cdc7761df3c9"
> > BLOCK_SIZE="4096" TYPE="ext4" PARTUUID="706ab20c-ea65-4c25-a632-
> > b7858550f966"
> > /dev/nvme0n1p3: UUID="8bfeee23-9c09-45b7-a73e-bd2ff43e207c"
> > BLOCK_SIZE="4096" TYPE="ext4" PARTUUID="0831f4bf-98fc-4189-a3cb-
> > fc2781e580fb"
> > /dev/nvme0n1p4: UUID="e2a56ec3-99d4-4b40-9aa4-24975143cdc7"
> > TYPE="swap"
> > PARTUUID="b32e1385-6518-4d1d-9181-66d31929c7ab"
> > /dev/nvme0n1p5: UUID="6a105a72-f5d5-441b-b926-1e405151ee84"
> > BLOCK_SIZE="4096" TYPE="ext4" PARTUUID="834502f5-08b3-42ad-a322-
> > cf86732f8155"
> > /dev/nvme0n1p6: UUID="00f0c2db-0490-4354-b949-f9af11a7f001"
> > BLOCK_SIZE="4096" TYPE="ext4" PARTUUID="40721dda-02ba-49a1-abfc-
> > b624fc739d9f"
> > 
> > What to do?
> > 
> > And if further information is needed, please let me know, and I
> > will
> > try to get it for you.
> > 
> > Thanks!
> 
> 
> I have a 2.5" SATA SSD with an installation of 
> debian-11.6.0-amd64-netinst via Debian GNU/Linux UEFI Installer menu
> -> 
> Install.  I tried to KISS and OOTB:
> 
> 2023-04-18 12:42:22 root@taz ~
> # cat /etc/debian_version ; uname -a
> 11.6
> Linux taz 5.10.0-21-amd64 #1 SMP Debian 5.10.162-1 (2023-01-21)
> x86_64 
> GNU/Linux
> 
> 
> Our kernels are different.  Did you install a backports kernel?
> 
> 
> 2023-04-18 12:52:49 root@taz ~
> # mount | grep tmp
> udev on /dev type devtmpfs 
> (rw,nosuid,relatime,size=16328088k,nr_inodes=4082022,mode=755)
> tmpfs on /run type tmpfs 
> (rw,nosuid,nodev,noexec,relatime,size=3271028k,mode=755)
> tmpfs on /dev/shm type tmpfs (rw,nosuid,nodev)
> tmpfs on /run/lock type tmpfs
> (rw,nosuid,nodev,noexec,relatime,size=5120k)
> tmpfs on /run/user/13250 type tmpfs 
> (rw,nosuid,nodev,relatime,size=3271024k,nr_inodes=817756,mode=700,uid
> =13250,gid=13250)
> tmpfs on /run/user/0 type tmpfs 
> (rw,nosuid,nodev,relatime,size=3271024k,nr_inodes=817756,mode=700)
> 
> 2023-04-18 12:53:32 root@taz ~
> # grep tmp /etc/fstab
> 
> 2023-04-18 12:53:50 root@taz ~
> #
> 
> 
> My / (root) and /tmp directories are on the same file system -- the
> root 
> filesystem:
> 
> 2023-04-18 12:46:41 root@taz ~/taz.tracy.holgerdanske.com
> # stat -c %d / /tmp
> 65024
> 65024
> 
> 
> Your root filesystem is on the NVMe drive, and your /tmp appears to
> be 
> on the root filesystem.  Run 'stat -c %d / /tmp' to confirm.
> 
> 
> I would leave /tmp where it is, unless you have some specific need
> (such 
> as a server or application than uses /tmp heavily).
> 
> 
> That said, I keep my FOSS OS images small enough to fit onto a "16
> GB" 
> device -- typically an SSD, but also HDD or USB flash drive.  When I 
> want to do audio/ video editing and the SSD has leftover space, I 
> frequently create a "scratch" partition and filesystem in the free
> space 
> and configure the app to use that for temporary files.
> 
> 
> David
> 

I did indeed install a kernel from backports, since the sound would not
work on my computer running any earlier kernel. Otherwise, the system
is an updated Debian Stable 11.6 (Bullseye).

>From Ls -lahFi /boot:
total 121M
1305601 drwxr-xr-x  4 root root 4.0K Feb 20 11:51 ./
      2 drwxr-xr-x 19 root root 4.0K Feb 19 11:06 ../
      1 drwx------  3 root root 4.0K Dec 31  1969 efi/
1318571 drwxr-xr-x  5 root root 4.0K Apr 17 11:53 grub/
1306753 -rw-r--r--  1 root root 231K Jan 21 09:35 config-5.10.0-21-
amd64
1318578 -rw-r--r--  1 root root 252K Dec 19 09:14 config-6.0.0-
0.deb11.6-amd64
1318434 -rw-r--r--  1 root root  45M Feb 19 09:35 initrd.img-5.10.0-21-
amd64
1318576 -rw-r--r--  1 root root  61M Feb 19 11:06 initrd.img-6.0.0-
0.deb11.6-amd64
1306752 -rw-r--r--  1 root root   83 Jan 21 09:35 System.map-5.10.0-21-
amd64
1318577 -rw-r--r--  1 root root   83 Dec 19 09:14 System.map-6.0.0-
0.deb11.6-amd64
1306754 -rw-r--r--  1 root root 6.7M Jan 21 09:35 vmlinuz-5.10.0-21-
amd64
1318579 -rw-r--r--  1 root root 7.4M Dec 19 09:14 vmlinuz-6.0.0-
0.deb11.6-amd64

And this is from the (current) ls -lahFi /tmp:
total 80K
130561 drwxrwxrwt 16 root       root       4.0K Apr 18 16:46  ./
     2 drwxr-xr-x 19 root       root       4.0K Feb 19 11:06  ../
402051 drwxrwxrwt  2 root       root       4.0K Apr 18 14:44  .font-
unix/
399211 drwxrwxrwt  2 root       root       4.0K Apr 18 14:44  .ICE-
unix/
402078 drwx------  3 root       root       4.0K Apr 18 14:44  systemd-
private-9df1dff59a9240c4a708cb146e08a36c-colord.service-51WIZe/
402064 drwx------  3 root       root       4.0K Apr 18 14:44  systemd-
private-9df1dff59a9240c4a708cb146e08a36c-ModemManager.service-fdBA5h/
402060 drwx------  3 root       root       4.0K Apr 18 14:44  systemd-
private-9df1dff59a9240c4a708cb146e08a36c-switcheroo-control.service-
el9DGh/
402062 drwx------  3 root       root       4.0K Apr 18 14:44  systemd-
private-9df1dff59a9240c4a708cb146e08a36c-systemd-logind.service-sIXjpi/
402055 drwx------  3 root       root       4.0K Apr 18 14:44  systemd-
private-9df1dff59a9240c4a708cb146e08a36c-systemd-timesyncd.service-
UtAMlf/
402072 drwx------  3 root       root       4.0K Apr 18 14:44  systemd-
private-9df1dff59a9240c4a708cb146e08a36c-upower.service-yLsogf/
402052 drwxrwxrwt  2 root       root       4.0K Apr 18 14:44  .Test-
unix/
402080 drwx------  2 [user]    [user]    4.0K Apr 18 14:44  tracker-
extract-files.1000/
402071 drwx------  2 Debian-gdm Debian-gdm 4.0K Apr 18 14:44  tracker-
extract-files.116/
399209 drwxrwxrwt  2 root       root       4.0K Apr 18 14:44  .X11-
unix/
402049 drwxrwxrwt  2 root       root       4.0K Apr 18 14:44  .XIM-
unix/
136530 srwxrwxrwx  1 root       root          0 Apr 18 14:55  dbus-
3cgiNF1x8f=
136016 srwxrwxrwx  1 root       root          0 Apr 18 14:55  dbus-
9nSrGDn5m4=
136531 srwxrwxrwx  1 [user]    [user]       0 Apr 18 14:44  dbus-
ZLiotP4WWe=
136532 -r--r--r--  1 [user]    [user]      11 Apr 18 14:44  .X0-lock
136017 -r--r--r--  1 Debian-gdm Debian-gdm   11 Apr 18 14:44  .X1024-
lock
136018 -r--r--r--  1 Debian-gdm Debian-gdm   11 Apr 18 14:44  .X1025-
lock
136533 -r--r--r--  1 [user]    [user]      11 Apr 18 14:44  .X1-lock

And . . . 

cat /etc/debian_version ; uname -a
11.6
Linux dogen 6.0.0-0.deb11.6-amd64 #1 SMP PREEMPT_DYNAMIC Debian 6.0.12-
1~bpo11+1 (2022-12-19) x86_64 GNU/Linux

mount | grep tmp:
udev on /dev type devtmpfs
(rw,nosuid,relatime,size=3907040k,nr_inodes=976760,mode=755,inode64)
tmpfs on /run type tmpfs
(rw,nosuid,nodev,noexec,relatime,size=788500k,mode=755,inode64)
tmpfs on /dev/shm type tmpfs (rw,nosuid,nodev,inode64)
tmpfs on /run/lock type tmpfs
(rw,nosuid,nodev,noexec,relatime,size=5120k,inode64)
tmpfs on /run/user/1000 type tmpfs
(rw,nosuid,nodev,relatime,size=788496k,nr_inodes=197124,mode=700,uid=10
00,gid=1000,inode64)

stat -c %d / /tmp
66306
66306
(I am not sure what that means - is that saying that /tmp is mounted
under / on the / partition?)

(And BTW, the current /etc/fstab must have been written by some
program, not manually by me.  I would never have edited /etc/fstab to
look like that!) My best guess is that I may have done a system restore
using Timeshift on 2023-04-03, to back out of some unremembered
problem, and the current /etc/fstab results from that.

I COULD just continue as is with the current setup, but I would REALLY
prefer not to!

Maybe I should just start by using Clonezilla to do a full image of the
drive. Actual data of course, not the entire 256 Gb!

More later . . . 

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#257379

FromGreg Wooledge <greg@wooledge.org>
Date2023-04-19 00:00 +0200
Message-ID<Gm1wJ-2WuP-5@gated-at.bofh.it>
In reply to#257378
On Tue, Apr 18, 2023 at 05:42:52PM -0400, Default User wrote:
> stat -c %d / /tmp
> 66306
> 66306
> (I am not sure what that means - is that saying that /tmp is mounted
> under / on the / partition?)

Yes.  And by the way, "df /tmp" is a much more intuitive way to get
that same answer.

unicorn:~$ df /tmp
Filesystem     1K-blocks     Used Available Use% Mounted on
/dev/sda7       23854928 20508268   2109568  91% /

On my system, just like yours, /tmp is simply a plain ol' directory in
the root file system.

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#257380

FromDavid Christensen <dpchrist@holgerdanske.com>
Date2023-04-19 02:00 +0200
Message-ID<Gm3oR-2XAt-7@gated-at.bofh.it>
In reply to#257378
On 4/18/23 14:42, Default User wrote:
> On Tue, 2023-04-18 at 13:03 -0700, David Christensen wrote:
>> On 4/18/23 07:59, Default User wrote:
>>> Hey, I have a strange situation!
>>>
>>> I just realized that my /tmp partition is not being mounted at
>>> startup.
>>> Instead, I think the filesystem may be allocating space in another
>>> partition (maybe /root?) for tmp stuff.

>> My / (root) and /tmp directories are on the same file system -- the
>> root
>> filesystem:
>>
>> 2023-04-18 12:46:41 root@taz ~/taz.tracy.holgerdanske.com
>> # stat -c %d / /tmp
>> 65024
>> 65024

> stat -c %d / /tmp
> 66306
> 66306
> (I am not sure what that means - is that saying that /tmp is mounted
> under / on the / partition?)


stat(1) is saying that the file system entries "/" and "/tmp" have the 
same "device number".  Device numbers should be unique for the various 
file systems that are mounted on one computer:

# mount | perl -ane '$_=$F[2];$dev=(stat)[0];print"$dev $_\n"' | sort -n
  /run/user/13250/doc
5 /dev
6 /sys/kernel/security
7 /sys/kernel/debug
11 /sys/kernel/tracing
19 /dev/mqueue
20 /sys
21 /proc
22 /dev/pts
23 /run
26 /dev/shm
27 /run/lock
28 /sys/fs/cgroup
29 /sys/fs/pstore
30 /sys/firmware/efi/efivars
31 /sys/fs/bpf
32 /proc/sys/fs/binfmt_misc
33 /dev/hugepages
34 /sys/fs/fuse/connections
35 /sys/kernel/config
39 /samba/dpchrist
40 /samba/groupshare
42 /run/user/13250
50 /run/user/0
2049 /boot/efi
2050 /boot
65024 /
65026 /scratch


That said, I think I prefer the df(1) solution posted by Greg Wooledge.


> (And BTW, the current /etc/fstab must have been written by some
> program, not manually by me.  I would never have edited /etc/fstab to
> look like that!) My best guess is that I may have done a system restore
> using Timeshift on 2023-04-03, to back out of some unremembered
> problem, and the current /etc/fstab results from that.


Backing up system configuration files is good.


I use a version control system (CVS), create a project for each host, 
and check in every system configuration file I create, update, or 
delete.  I also keep a log.txt file for each system, write notes to 
myself, save console sessions, etc., for when I do need to remember what 
I did, when, and why.  Rather than restoring entire system configuration 
files, I typically use an editor and restore specific settings.


> I COULD just continue as is with the current setup, but I would REALLY
> prefer not to!


Why not?


> Maybe I should just start by using Clonezilla to do a full image of the
> drive. Actual data of course, not the entire 256 Gb!


Putting your data on a different device than your OS allows you to 
optimize device usage and backup, restore, archive, imaging, etc., 
procedures.


> More later . . .


David

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#257381

FromDefault User <hunguponcontent@gmail.com>
Date2023-04-19 03:20 +0200
Message-ID<Gm4Eh-2Yu3-1@gated-at.bofh.it>
In reply to#257380
On Tue, 2023-04-18 at 16:53 -0700, David Christensen wrote:
> On 4/18/23 14:42, Default User wrote:
> > On Tue, 2023-04-18 at 13:03 -0700, David Christensen wrote:
> > > On 4/18/23 07:59, Default User wrote:
> > > > Hey, I have a strange situation!
> > > > 
> > > > I just realized that my /tmp partition is not being mounted at
> > > > startup.
> > > > Instead, I think the filesystem may be allocating space in
> > > > another
> > > > partition (maybe /root?) for tmp stuff.
> 
> > > My / (root) and /tmp directories are on the same file system --
> > > the
> > > root
> > > filesystem:
> > > 
> > > 2023-04-18 12:46:41 root@taz ~/taz.tracy.holgerdanske.com
> > > # stat -c %d / /tmp
> > > 65024
> > > 65024
> 
> > stat -c %d / /tmp
> > 66306
> > 66306
> > (I am not sure what that means - is that saying that /tmp is
> > mounted
> > under / on the / partition?)
> 
> 
> stat(1) is saying that the file system entries "/" and "/tmp" have
> the 
> same "device number".  Device numbers should be unique for the
> various 
> file systems that are mounted on one computer:
> 
> # mount | perl -ane '$_=$F[2];$dev=(stat)[0];print"$dev $_\n"' | sort
> -n
>   /run/user/13250/doc
> 5 /dev
> 6 /sys/kernel/security
> 7 /sys/kernel/debug
> 11 /sys/kernel/tracing
> 19 /dev/mqueue
> 20 /sys
> 21 /proc
> 22 /dev/pts
> 23 /run
> 26 /dev/shm
> 27 /run/lock
> 28 /sys/fs/cgroup
> 29 /sys/fs/pstore
> 30 /sys/firmware/efi/efivars
> 31 /sys/fs/bpf
> 32 /proc/sys/fs/binfmt_misc
> 33 /dev/hugepages
> 34 /sys/fs/fuse/connections
> 35 /sys/kernel/config
> 39 /samba/dpchrist
> 40 /samba/groupshare
> 42 /run/user/13250
> 50 /run/user/0
> 2049 /boot/efi
> 2050 /boot
> 65024 /
> 65026 /scratch
> 
> 
> That said, I think I prefer the df(1) solution posted by Greg
> Wooledge.
> 
> 
> > (And BTW, the current /etc/fstab must have been written by some
> > program, not manually by me.  I would never have edited /etc/fstab
> > to
> > look like that!) My best guess is that I may have done a system
> > restore
> > using Timeshift on 2023-04-03, to back out of some unremembered
> > problem, and the current /etc/fstab results from that.
> 
> 
> Backing up system configuration files is good.
> 
> 
> I use a version control system (CVS), create a project for each host,
> and check in every system configuration file I create, update, or 
> delete.  I also keep a log.txt file for each system, write notes to 
> myself, save console sessions, etc., for when I do need to remember
> what 
> I did, when, and why.  Rather than restoring entire system
> configuration 
> files, I typically use an editor and restore specific settings.
> 
> 
> > I COULD just continue as is with the current setup, but I would
> > REALLY
> > prefer not to!
> 
> 
> Why not?
> 
> 
> > Maybe I should just start by using Clonezilla to do a full image of
> > the
> > drive. Actual data of course, not the entire 256 Gb!
> 
> 
> Putting your data on a different device than your OS allows you to 
> optimize device usage and backup, restore, archive, imaging, etc., 
> procedures.
> 
> 
> > More later . . .
> 
> 
> David
> 

I have made 2 backups of the ssd, using Clonezilla.
1) a full disk backup,from which the whole disk can be restored.
2) a partitions backup, from which any or all of the individual
partitions can be restored.
Both have been checked by Clonezilla to be restorable.

(Not so) fun fact: Clonezilla always refuses to back up swap
partitions. I don't know why.

FWIW:
df /tmp
Filesystem     1K-blocks    Used Available Use% Mounted on
/dev/nvme0n1p2  23854928 5841496  16776340  26% /

Several different approaches to solve the problem have been suggested. 
I think I will wait until tomorrow and ponder the options, before
performing "surgery".

Note: It was asked why I don't just use the current setup, with no 
/tmp partition.  I guess it goes back to years ago, when I used OpenBSD
for a while. They really pushed the idea of having at least /, /tmp,
/var, swap, and /home partitions. I think the idea is that if something
happens to one partition, it won't affect the others. Like if a process
unexpectedly fills up one partition (/tmp /var, etc.) it probably won't
send the whole system crashing down.

Finally, after the current situation is resolved, I would still like to
know what caused the problem in the first place. I would really like to
not have it happen again!

[toc] | [prev] | [next] | [standalone]


#257382

FromCharles Curley <charlescurley@charlescurley.com>
Date2023-04-19 04:50 +0200
Message-ID<Gm63o-2Zhg-7@gated-at.bofh.it>
In reply to#257381
On Tue, 18 Apr 2023 21:12:33 -0400
Default User <hunguponcontent@gmail.com> wrote:

> (Not so) fun fact: Clonezilla always refuses to back up swap
> partitions. I don't know why.

Because there is no reason to do so. It has nothing in it of any value,
except possibly to a cracker, and even that is stale.

-- 
Does anybody read signatures any more?

https://charlescurley.com
https://charlescurley.com/blog/

[toc] | [prev] | [next] | [standalone]


#257383

FromDavid Christensen <dpchrist@holgerdanske.com>
Date2023-04-19 05:00 +0200
Message-ID<Gm6d3-2ZkE-1@gated-at.bofh.it>
In reply to#257381
On 4/18/23 18:12, Default User wrote:

>>>> On 4/18/23 07:59, Default User wrote:

>>>>> I just realized that my /tmp partition is not being mounted at
>>>>> startup.

> Finally, after the current situation is resolved, I would still like to
> know what caused the problem in the first place.


Looking back at previous posts:


On 4/18/23 07:59, Default User wrote:

 > Current /etc/fstab:
 > # <file system> <mount point> <type> <options> <dump> <pass>
 >
 > UUID=4fdd4399-6267-404a-a292-
 > cdc7761df3c9	/	ext4	errors=remount-ro	0	1
 > UUID=26EE-0EF5	/boot/efi	vfat	umask=0077	0	1
 > UUID=00f0c2db-0490-4354-b949-
 > f9af11a7f001	/home	ext4	defaults	0	2
 > UUID=8bfeee23-9c09-45b7-a73e-
 > bd2ff43e207c	/var	ext4	defaults	0	2
 > UUID=e2a56ec3-99d4-4b40-9aa4-
 > 24975143cdc7	none	swap	sw	0	0

 > Original /etc/fstab:

 > # /tmp was on /dev/nvme0n1p5 during installation
 > UUID=6a105a72-f5d5-441b-b926-1e405151ee84 /tmp            ext4
 > defaults        0       2


It appears that the fstab(5) entry for /etc was dropped when:

On 4/18/23 14:42, Default User wrote:

 > My best guess is that I may have done a system restore
 > using Timeshift on 2023-04-03, to back out of some unremembered
 > problem, and the current /etc/fstab results from that.


I would try adding the fstab(5) entry for /tmp from the original 
/etc/fstab to the current /etc/fstab, and then rebooting.


(If this works, the contents of the /tmp directory of the root file 
system will be overlaid by the /tmp file system.  To reclaim space on 
the root file system, I would boot the system using a live drive or the 
d-i rescue shell, mount the root file system at /mnt, and then remove 
the contents of /mnt/tmp.  Note that you do not want to remove the 
/mnt/tmp directory, because it is the mount point for the /tmp file system.)


David

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#257384

FromDavid Wright <deblis@lionunicorn.co.uk>
Date2023-04-19 05:10 +0200
Message-ID<Gm6mJ-2ZCV-1@gated-at.bofh.it>
In reply to#257381
On Tue 18 Apr 2023 at 21:12:33 (-0400), Default User wrote:
> 
> (Not so) fun fact: Clonezilla always refuses to back up swap
> partitions. I don't know why.

It's not clear to me how you could restore the entire rest of the
system to the state it was in when you made your backup of swap.
So the backup copy becomes instantly useless except for forensics
or theft, ie scanning for fragments of text, passwords etc.
That's why I encrypt my swap partitions with a random key.

> Several different approaches to solve the problem have been suggested. 
> I think I will wait until tomorrow and ponder the options, before
> performing "surgery".

If you're prepared to reboot, it should be straightforward, but there
is one factor I haven't seen mentioned, and that's to do with cleaning.

If you add the "lost line" back into fstab:
  UUID=6a105a72-f5d5-441b-b926-1e405151ee84 /tmp ext4 defaults 0 2
then when the system starts up, partition 5 will be mounted onto
/tmp in the root filesystem, and then it'll be cleaned of any files
left over from the last time it was used. It might be a long, long
time since you used it so there could conceivably be files that you
want to check out.

So, I would mount partition 5 on /mnt and look it over. Yes, you've
backed up the partition, but you might never look at that, whereas
this is something you can do straightaway.

That aspect was already mentioned by DbB. But there is one further
point to make. AIUI, cleaning will be carried out on /tmp after the
partition (5) has been mounted. It wouldn't make sense otherwise.
But look at your usage of /tmp now—that is, the /tmp in the root
partition. If it contains some large files when you shut down in
preparation to change fstab, then those files, sitting on /, will
never get cleaned. They'll be hidden by mounting partition 5 on
top of them, and use disk space for ever.

So—I would clean /tmp as best you can before you close down, then
boot in single user mode, clean anything still remaining in /tmp,
edit your fstab, and then reboot.

> Finally, after the current situation is resolved, I would still like to
> know what caused the problem in the first place. I would really like to
> not have it happen again!

It looks as if someone edited the entries with tabs to make it line up
neatly, removed the installers comments, and accidentally removed the
/tmp line too. I don't know of any software that would do that to fstab.

Cheers,
David.

[toc] | [prev] | [next] | [standalone]


#257386

FromStefan Monnier <monnier@iro.umontreal.ca>
Date2023-04-19 05:20 +0200
Message-ID<Gm6wp-2ZG2-1@gated-at.bofh.it>
In reply to#257384
> So—I would clean /tmp as best you can before you close down, then
> boot in single user mode, clean anything still remaining in /tmp,
> edit your fstab, and then reboot.

You can also do

    mount --bind / /mnt

and then look at /mnt/tmp.
No need to reboot into single-user mode for that.


        Stefan

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#257392

FromDavid Christensen <dpchrist@holgerdanske.com>
Date2023-04-19 11:20 +0200
Message-ID<Gmc8N-334y-1@gated-at.bofh.it>
In reply to#257386
On 4/18/23 20:16, Stefan Monnier wrote:

> You can also do
> 
>      mount --bind / /mnt
> 
> and then look at /mnt/tmp.
> No need to reboot into single-user mode for that.


+1  I like that better than the reboot/ live drive idea I posted.


David

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#257395

FromMax Nikulin <manikulin@gmail.com>
Date2023-04-19 13:10 +0200
Message-ID<GmdRf-347G-3@gated-at.bofh.it>
In reply to#257392
On 19/04/2023 16:16, David Christensen wrote:
> On 4/18/23 20:16, Stefan Monnier wrote:
> 
>> You can also do
>>
>>      mount --bind / /mnt
>>
>> and then look at /mnt/tmp.
>> No need to reboot into single-user mode for that.
> 
> +1  I like that better than the reboot/ live drive idea I posted.

I think, it is the case when reboot is safer. Open file descriptors 
remain on the original partition. However I do not expect that single 
user mode or booting from live image is required. Just restore original 
/etc/fstab and reboot.

Perhaps update-initramfs is necessary after restoring of /etc/fstab in 
any chosen approach.

[toc] | [prev] | [next] | [standalone]


#257400

FromDefault User <hunguponcontent@gmail.com>
Date2023-04-19 22:10 +0200
Message-ID<GmmhP-394m-17@gated-at.bofh.it>
In reply to#257395
On Wed, 2023-04-19 at 18:07 +0700, Max Nikulin wrote:
> On 19/04/2023 16:16, David Christensen wrote:
> > On 4/18/23 20:16, Stefan Monnier wrote:
> > 
> > > You can also do
> > > 
> > >      mount --bind / /mnt
> > > 
> > > and then look at /mnt/tmp.
> > > No need to reboot into single-user mode for that.
> > 
> > +1  I like that better than the reboot/ live drive idea I posted.
> 
> I think, it is the case when reboot is safer. Open file descriptors 
> remain on the original partition. However I do not expect that single
> user mode or booting from live image is required. Just restore
> original 
> /etc/fstab and reboot.
> 
> Perhaps update-initramfs is necessary after restoring of /etc/fstab
> in 
> any chosen approach.
> 
> 


Well, now I am totally confused. 

I had hoped for, and really expected, an easy, obvious, intuitive
solution.  But I guess that may be a distant memory of the good old
days, before [insert string of four-letter words here] like dbus,
systemd, and Gnome 3. And when partitions were named /dev/hda5, not
6a105a72-f5d5-441b-b926-1e405151ee84.

Sigh.

Anyway, here is where I am at:

I have two Clonezilla backups.
1) a full disk backup.
2) a "partitions" backup.
So, if things really go bad, I can theoretically revert to the setup as
of 2023-04-18, when this thread was started.

I also have a backup of the current /tmp directory (from under the /
directory). 
And I have a backup of the old tmp partition. 

Both of these tmp backups were made using a Debian Stable 11.6
Live/install usb thumb drive, as root user.

All of these backups are on an external usb hdd.

Here is what was in the (root) tmp directory:

_root_partition/tmp
total 32K
88473604 drwxr-xr-t 8 [user] [user] 4.0K Apr 19 14:18 ./
88473602 drwxr-xr-x 3 [user] [user] 4.0K Apr 19 14:18 ../
88473608 drwxr-xr-t 2 [user] [user] 4.0K Apr 19 14:18 .font-unix/
88473606 drwxr-xr-t 2 [user] [user] 4.0K Apr 19 14:18 .ICE-unix/
88473609 drwxr-xr-t 2 [user] [user] 4.0K Apr 19 14:18 .Test-unix/
88473610 drwx------ 2 [user] [user] 4.0K Apr 19 14:18 tracker-extract-
files.116/
88473605 drwxr-xr-t 2 [user] [user] 4.0K Apr 19 14:18 .X11-unix/
88473607 drwxr-xr-t 2 [user] [user] 4.0K Apr 19 14:18 .XIM-unix/

And here is what was in the old tmp partition:

total 48K
88473611 drwxr-xr-t 10 root    root    4.0K Apr 19 14:20 ./
88473603 drwxr-xr-x  3 [user] [user] 4.0K Apr 19 14:20 ../
88473618 drwxr-xr-t  2 root    root    4.0K Apr 19 14:20 .font-unix/
88473615 drwxr-xr-t  2 root    root    4.0K Apr 19 14:20 .ICE-unix/
88473620 drwx------  2 root    root    4.0K Apr 19 14:20 lost+found/
88473619 drwxr-xr-t  2 root    root    4.0K Apr 19 14:20 .Test-unix/
88473624 drwx------  2 root    root    4.0K Apr 19 14:20 tracker-
extract-files.1000/
88473623 drwx------  2 root    root    4.0K Apr 19 14:20 tracker-
extract-files.116/
88473621 -r--r--r--  1 root    root      11 Apr 19 14:20 .X1024-lock
88473622 -r--r--r--  1 root    root      11 Apr 19 14:20 .X1025-lock
88473612 drwxr-xr-t  2 root    root    4.0K Apr 19 14:20 .X11-unix/
88473617 drwxr-xr-t  2 root    root    4.0K Apr 19 14:20 .XIM-unix/

As far as I can tell, there is nothing crucial in either tmp backup.

BTW, I know nothing about bind or mount --bind. I looked them up
briefly, and decided that they are too difficult and maybe dangerous to
try to learn and use under the current circumstances.  

So here is what I am thinking of doing:

While running from within the Debian Stable 11.6 Live/install usb thumb
drive, as root user:

1) On the computer's internal ssd, delete the /tmp directory and its
contents.

2) On the computer's internal ssd, delete the contents of the old tmp
partition, but not the partition itself. 

3) On the computer's internal ssd, replace /etc/fstab with
/etc/fstab.original, renaming it /etc/fstab. I have already made a copy
of the current /etc/fstab as /etc/fstab.as-of-2023-04-19. 

The UUIDs of all partitions on computer's internal ssd seem to be the
same as in /etc/fstab.original. 

(Note: in /etc/fstab.original, it states "Please run 'systemctl daemon-
reload' after making changes here." Since I am doing all this from a
live usb, I do not think that applies, so I would skip that.)

Then I would shut down, remove the usb thumb drive, and boot into the
Debian system on the computer's internal ssd. 

I hope that from then on, the system would mount the old tmp partition
on the computer's internal ssd as /tmp, re-populating it automatically,
and use it as such from then on. 

Does that seem reasonable? 

Or am I missing something, obvious or not.

[toc] | [prev] | [next] | [standalone]


#257403

FromDavid Wright <deblis@lionunicorn.co.uk>
Date2023-04-19 22:40 +0200
Message-ID<GmmKR-39dH-5@gated-at.bofh.it>
In reply to#257400
On Wed 19 Apr 2023 at 16:06:57 (-0400), Default User wrote:

> Anyway, here is where I am at:
> 
> I have two Clonezilla backups.
> 1) a full disk backup.
> 2) a "partitions" backup.
> So, if things really go bad, I can theoretically revert to the setup as
> of 2023-04-18, when this thread was started.
> 
> I also have a backup of the current /tmp directory (from under the /
> directory). 
> And I have a backup of the old tmp partition. 
> 
> Both of these tmp backups were made using a Debian Stable 11.6
> Live/install usb thumb drive, as root user.
> 
> All of these backups are on an external usb hdd.
> 
> Here is what was in the (root) tmp directory:
> 
> _root_partition/tmp
> total 32K
> 88473604 drwxr-xr-t 8 [user] [user] 4.0K Apr 19 14:18 ./
> 88473602 drwxr-xr-x 3 [user] [user] 4.0K Apr 19 14:18 ../
> 88473608 drwxr-xr-t 2 [user] [user] 4.0K Apr 19 14:18 .font-unix/
> 88473606 drwxr-xr-t 2 [user] [user] 4.0K Apr 19 14:18 .ICE-unix/
> 88473609 drwxr-xr-t 2 [user] [user] 4.0K Apr 19 14:18 .Test-unix/
> 88473610 drwx------ 2 [user] [user] 4.0K Apr 19 14:18 tracker-extract-
> files.116/
> 88473605 drwxr-xr-t 2 [user] [user] 4.0K Apr 19 14:18 .X11-unix/
> 88473607 drwxr-xr-t 2 [user] [user] 4.0K Apr 19 14:18 .XIM-unix/
> 
> And here is what was in the old tmp partition:
> 
> total 48K
> 88473611 drwxr-xr-t 10 root    root    4.0K Apr 19 14:20 ./
> 88473603 drwxr-xr-x  3 [user] [user] 4.0K Apr 19 14:20 ../
> 88473618 drwxr-xr-t  2 root    root    4.0K Apr 19 14:20 .font-unix/
> 88473615 drwxr-xr-t  2 root    root    4.0K Apr 19 14:20 .ICE-unix/
> 88473620 drwx------  2 root    root    4.0K Apr 19 14:20 lost+found/
> 88473619 drwxr-xr-t  2 root    root    4.0K Apr 19 14:20 .Test-unix/
> 88473624 drwx------  2 root    root    4.0K Apr 19 14:20 tracker-
> extract-files.1000/
> 88473623 drwx------  2 root    root    4.0K Apr 19 14:20 tracker-
> extract-files.116/
> 88473621 -r--r--r--  1 root    root      11 Apr 19 14:20 .X1024-lock
> 88473622 -r--r--r--  1 root    root      11 Apr 19 14:20 .X1025-lock
> 88473612 drwxr-xr-t  2 root    root    4.0K Apr 19 14:20 .X11-unix/
> 88473617 drwxr-xr-t  2 root    root    4.0K Apr 19 14:20 .XIM-unix/
> 
> As far as I can tell, there is nothing crucial in either tmp backup.
> 
> BTW, I know nothing about bind or mount --bind. I looked them up
> briefly, and decided that they are too difficult and maybe dangerous to
> try to learn and use under the current circumstances.  
> 
> So here is what I am thinking of doing:
> 
> While running from within the Debian Stable 11.6 Live/install usb thumb
> drive, as root user:
> 
> 1) On the computer's internal ssd, delete the /tmp directory and its
> contents.
> 
> 2) On the computer's internal ssd, delete the contents of the old tmp
> partition, but not the partition itself. 
> 
> 3) On the computer's internal ssd, replace /etc/fstab with
> /etc/fstab.original, renaming it /etc/fstab. I have already made a copy
> of the current /etc/fstab as /etc/fstab.as-of-2023-04-19. 
> 
> The UUIDs of all partitions on computer's internal ssd seem to be the
> same as in /etc/fstab.original. 
> 
> (Note: in /etc/fstab.original, it states "Please run 'systemctl daemon-
> reload' after making changes here." Since I am doing all this from a
> live usb, I do not think that applies, so I would skip that.)
> 
> Then I would shut down, remove the usb thumb drive, and boot into the
> Debian system on the computer's internal ssd. 
> 
> I hope that from then on, the system would mount the old tmp partition
> on the computer's internal ssd as /tmp, re-populating it automatically,
> and use it as such from then on. 
> 
> Does that seem reasonable? 
> 
> Or am I missing something, obvious or not.

I see nothing unreasonable. The only oddity to me is that the listings
you give (which are from the backups, I assume) have today's date,
which means that the backup method is not preserving the file metadata.
(If you've not used partition 5 for a while, the dates should be old.)
It doesn't affect what you're doing now, as all the originals are
heading into oblivion, but I'd be reading the backup spec sometime
to see if I could improve that.

Cheers,
David.

[toc] | [prev] | [next] | [standalone]


#257407

FromDefault User <hunguponcontent@gmail.com>
Date2023-04-19 23:00 +0200
Message-ID<Gmn4d-39kc-7@gated-at.bofh.it>
In reply to#257403
On Wed, 2023-04-19 at 15:36 -0500, David Wright wrote:
> On Wed 19 Apr 2023 at 16:06:57 (-0400), Default User wrote:
> 
> > Anyway, here is where I am at:
> > 
> > I have two Clonezilla backups.
> > 1) a full disk backup.
> > 2) a "partitions" backup.
> > So, if things really go bad, I can theoretically revert to the
> > setup as
> > of 2023-04-18, when this thread was started.
> > 
> > I also have a backup of the current /tmp directory (from under the
> > /
> > directory). 
> > And I have a backup of the old tmp partition. 
> > 
> > Both of these tmp backups were made using a Debian Stable 11.6
> > Live/install usb thumb drive, as root user.
> > 
> > All of these backups are on an external usb hdd.
> > 
> > Here is what was in the (root) tmp directory:
> > 
> > _root_partition/tmp
> > total 32K
> > 88473604 drwxr-xr-t 8 [user] [user] 4.0K Apr 19 14:18 ./
> > 88473602 drwxr-xr-x 3 [user] [user] 4.0K Apr 19 14:18 ../
> > 88473608 drwxr-xr-t 2 [user] [user] 4.0K Apr 19 14:18 .font-unix/
> > 88473606 drwxr-xr-t 2 [user] [user] 4.0K Apr 19 14:18 .ICE-unix/
> > 88473609 drwxr-xr-t 2 [user] [user] 4.0K Apr 19 14:18 .Test-unix/
> > 88473610 drwx------ 2 [user] [user] 4.0K Apr 19 14:18 tracker-
> > extract-
> > files.116/
> > 88473605 drwxr-xr-t 2 [user] [user] 4.0K Apr 19 14:18 .X11-unix/
> > 88473607 drwxr-xr-t 2 [user] [user] 4.0K Apr 19 14:18 .XIM-unix/
> > 
> > And here is what was in the old tmp partition:
> > 
> > total 48K
> > 88473611 drwxr-xr-t 10 root    root    4.0K Apr 19 14:20 ./
> > 88473603 drwxr-xr-x  3 [user] [user] 4.0K Apr 19 14:20 ../
> > 88473618 drwxr-xr-t  2 root    root    4.0K Apr 19 14:20 .font-
> > unix/
> > 88473615 drwxr-xr-t  2 root    root    4.0K Apr 19 14:20 .ICE-unix/
> > 88473620 drwx------  2 root    root    4.0K Apr 19 14:20
> > lost+found/
> > 88473619 drwxr-xr-t  2 root    root    4.0K Apr 19 14:20 .Test-
> > unix/
> > 88473624 drwx------  2 root    root    4.0K Apr 19 14:20 tracker-
> > extract-files.1000/
> > 88473623 drwx------  2 root    root    4.0K Apr 19 14:20 tracker-
> > extract-files.116/
> > 88473621 -r--r--r--  1 root    root      11 Apr 19 14:20 .X1024-
> > lock
> > 88473622 -r--r--r--  1 root    root      11 Apr 19 14:20 .X1025-
> > lock
> > 88473612 drwxr-xr-t  2 root    root    4.0K Apr 19 14:20 .X11-unix/
> > 88473617 drwxr-xr-t  2 root    root    4.0K Apr 19 14:20 .XIM-unix/
> > 
> > As far as I can tell, there is nothing crucial in either tmp
> > backup.
> > 
> > BTW, I know nothing about bind or mount --bind. I looked them up
> > briefly, and decided that they are too difficult and maybe
> > dangerous to
> > try to learn and use under the current circumstances.  
> > 
> > So here is what I am thinking of doing:
> > 
> > While running from within the Debian Stable 11.6 Live/install usb
> > thumb
> > drive, as root user:
> > 
> > 1) On the computer's internal ssd, delete the /tmp directory and
> > its
> > contents.
> > 
> > 2) On the computer's internal ssd, delete the contents of the old
> > tmp
> > partition, but not the partition itself. 
> > 
> > 3) On the computer's internal ssd, replace /etc/fstab with
> > /etc/fstab.original, renaming it /etc/fstab. I have already made a
> > copy
> > of the current /etc/fstab as /etc/fstab.as-of-2023-04-19. 
> > 
> > The UUIDs of all partitions on computer's internal ssd seem to be
> > the
> > same as in /etc/fstab.original. 
> > 
> > (Note: in /etc/fstab.original, it states "Please run 'systemctl
> > daemon-
> > reload' after making changes here." Since I am doing all this from
> > a
> > live usb, I do not think that applies, so I would skip that.)
> > 
> > Then I would shut down, remove the usb thumb drive, and boot into
> > the
> > Debian system on the computer's internal ssd. 
> > 
> > I hope that from then on, the system would mount the old tmp
> > partition
> > on the computer's internal ssd as /tmp, re-populating it
> > automatically,
> > and use it as such from then on. 
> > 
> > Does that seem reasonable? 
> > 
> > Or am I missing something, obvious or not.
> 
> I see nothing unreasonable. The only oddity to me is that the
> listings
> you give (which are from the backups, I assume) have today's date,
> which means that the backup method is not preserving the file
> metadata.
> (If you've not used partition 5 for a while, the dates should be
> old.)
> It doesn't affect what you're doing now, as all the originals are
> heading into oblivion, but I'd be reading the backup spec sometime
> to see if I could improve that.
> 
> Cheers,
> David.
> 


IIRC, I just did:

sudo <source> <destination> from the live usb. 

I didn't think about the changed times. 

Perhaps I should have used rsync . . .

Grrr . . .

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#257409

FromDefault User <hunguponcontent@gmail.com>
Date2023-04-19 23:10 +0200
Message-ID<GmndT-39D9-27@gated-at.bofh.it>
In reply to#257407
On Wed, 2023-04-19 at 16:56 -0400, Default User wrote:
> On Wed, 2023-04-19 at 15:36 -0500, David Wright wrote:
> > On Wed 19 Apr 2023 at 16:06:57 (-0400), Default User wrote:
> > 
> > > Anyway, here is where I am at:
> > > 
> > > I have two Clonezilla backups.
> > > 1) a full disk backup.
> > > 2) a "partitions" backup.
> > > So, if things really go bad, I can theoretically revert to the
> > > setup as
> > > of 2023-04-18, when this thread was started.
> > > 
> > > I also have a backup of the current /tmp directory (from under
> > > the
> > > /
> > > directory). 
> > > And I have a backup of the old tmp partition. 
> > > 
> > > Both of these tmp backups were made using a Debian Stable 11.6
> > > Live/install usb thumb drive, as root user.
> > > 
> > > All of these backups are on an external usb hdd.
> > > 
> > > Here is what was in the (root) tmp directory:
> > > 
> > > _root_partition/tmp
> > > total 32K
> > > 88473604 drwxr-xr-t 8 [user] [user] 4.0K Apr 19 14:18 ./
> > > 88473602 drwxr-xr-x 3 [user] [user] 4.0K Apr 19 14:18 ../
> > > 88473608 drwxr-xr-t 2 [user] [user] 4.0K Apr 19 14:18 .font-unix/
> > > 88473606 drwxr-xr-t 2 [user] [user] 4.0K Apr 19 14:18 .ICE-unix/
> > > 88473609 drwxr-xr-t 2 [user] [user] 4.0K Apr 19 14:18 .Test-unix/
> > > 88473610 drwx------ 2 [user] [user] 4.0K Apr 19 14:18 tracker-
> > > extract-
> > > files.116/
> > > 88473605 drwxr-xr-t 2 [user] [user] 4.0K Apr 19 14:18 .X11-unix/
> > > 88473607 drwxr-xr-t 2 [user] [user] 4.0K Apr 19 14:18 .XIM-unix/
> > > 
> > > And here is what was in the old tmp partition:
> > > 
> > > total 48K
> > > 88473611 drwxr-xr-t 10 root    root    4.0K Apr 19 14:20 ./
> > > 88473603 drwxr-xr-x  3 [user] [user] 4.0K Apr 19 14:20 ../
> > > 88473618 drwxr-xr-t  2 root    root    4.0K Apr 19 14:20 .font-
> > > unix/
> > > 88473615 drwxr-xr-t  2 root    root    4.0K Apr 19 14:20 .ICE-
> > > unix/
> > > 88473620 drwx------  2 root    root    4.0K Apr 19 14:20
> > > lost+found/
> > > 88473619 drwxr-xr-t  2 root    root    4.0K Apr 19 14:20 .Test-
> > > unix/
> > > 88473624 drwx------  2 root    root    4.0K Apr 19 14:20 tracker-
> > > extract-files.1000/
> > > 88473623 drwx------  2 root    root    4.0K Apr 19 14:20 tracker-
> > > extract-files.116/
> > > 88473621 -r--r--r--  1 root    root      11 Apr 19 14:20 .X1024-
> > > lock
> > > 88473622 -r--r--r--  1 root    root      11 Apr 19 14:20 .X1025-
> > > lock
> > > 88473612 drwxr-xr-t  2 root    root    4.0K Apr 19 14:20 .X11-
> > > unix/
> > > 88473617 drwxr-xr-t  2 root    root    4.0K Apr 19 14:20 .XIM-
> > > unix/
> > > 
> > > As far as I can tell, there is nothing crucial in either tmp
> > > backup.
> > > 
> > > BTW, I know nothing about bind or mount --bind. I looked them up
> > > briefly, and decided that they are too difficult and maybe
> > > dangerous to
> > > try to learn and use under the current circumstances.  
> > > 
> > > So here is what I am thinking of doing:
> > > 
> > > While running from within the Debian Stable 11.6 Live/install usb
> > > thumb
> > > drive, as root user:
> > > 
> > > 1) On the computer's internal ssd, delete the /tmp directory and
> > > its
> > > contents.
> > > 
> > > 2) On the computer's internal ssd, delete the contents of the old
> > > tmp
> > > partition, but not the partition itself. 
> > > 
> > > 3) On the computer's internal ssd, replace /etc/fstab with
> > > /etc/fstab.original, renaming it /etc/fstab. I have already made
> > > a
> > > copy
> > > of the current /etc/fstab as /etc/fstab.as-of-2023-04-19. 
> > > 
> > > The UUIDs of all partitions on computer's internal ssd seem to be
> > > the
> > > same as in /etc/fstab.original. 
> > > 
> > > (Note: in /etc/fstab.original, it states "Please run 'systemctl
> > > daemon-
> > > reload' after making changes here." Since I am doing all this
> > > from
> > > a
> > > live usb, I do not think that applies, so I would skip that.)
> > > 
> > > Then I would shut down, remove the usb thumb drive, and boot into
> > > the
> > > Debian system on the computer's internal ssd. 
> > > 
> > > I hope that from then on, the system would mount the old tmp
> > > partition
> > > on the computer's internal ssd as /tmp, re-populating it
> > > automatically,
> > > and use it as such from then on. 
> > > 
> > > Does that seem reasonable? 
> > > 
> > > Or am I missing something, obvious or not.
> > 
> > I see nothing unreasonable. The only oddity to me is that the
> > listings
> > you give (which are from the backups, I assume) have today's date,
> > which means that the backup method is not preserving the file
> > metadata.
> > (If you've not used partition 5 for a while, the dates should be
> > old.)
> > It doesn't affect what you're doing now, as all the originals are
> > heading into oblivion, but I'd be reading the backup spec sometime
> > to see if I could improve that.
> > 
> > Cheers,
> > David.
> > 
> 
> 
> IIRC, I just did:
> 
> sudo <source> <destination> from the live usb. 
> 
> I didn't think about the changed times. 
> 
> Perhaps I should have used rsync . . .
> 
> Grrr . . .
> 
> 
> 


Sorry! That should have been: 

sudo cp -r <source> <destination> from the live usb.

"The Times regrets the error."

:)

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#257413

Fromdavidson <davidson@freevolt.org>
Date2023-04-20 01:50 +0200
Message-ID<GmpIJ-3b0O-1@gated-at.bofh.it>
In reply to#257409

[Multipart message — attachments visible in raw view] — view raw

On Wed, 19 Apr 2023 Default User wrote:
> On Wed, 2023-04-19 at 16:56 -0400, Default User wrote:
>> On Wed, 2023-04-19 at 15:36 -0500, David Wright wrote:
>>> On Wed 19 Apr 2023 at 16:06:57 (-0400), Default User wrote:
>>>
>>>> Anyway, here is where I am at:
>>>>
>>>> I have two Clonezilla backups.
>>>> 1) a full disk backup.
>>>> 2) a "partitions" backup.
>>>> So, if things really go bad, I can theoretically revert to the
>>>> setup as
>>>> of 2023-04-18, when this thread was started.
>>>>
>>>> I also have a backup of the current /tmp directory (from under
>>>> the
>>>> /
>>>> directory).
>>>> And I have a backup of the old tmp partition.
>>>>
>>>> Both of these tmp backups were made using a Debian Stable 11.6
>>>> Live/install usb thumb drive, as root user.
>>>>
>>>> All of these backups are on an external usb hdd.
>>>>
>>>> Here is what was in the (root) tmp directory:
>>>>
>>>> _root_partition/tmp
>>>> total 32K
>>>> 88473604 drwxr-xr-t 8 [user] [user] 4.0K Apr 19 14:18 ./
>>>> 88473602 drwxr-xr-x 3 [user] [user] 4.0K Apr 19 14:18 ../
>>>> 88473608 drwxr-xr-t 2 [user] [user] 4.0K Apr 19 14:18 .font-unix/
>>>> 88473606 drwxr-xr-t 2 [user] [user] 4.0K Apr 19 14:18 .ICE-unix/
>>>> 88473609 drwxr-xr-t 2 [user] [user] 4.0K Apr 19 14:18 .Test-unix/
>>>> 88473610 drwx------ 2 [user] [user] 4.0K Apr 19 14:18 tracker-
>>>> extract-
>>>> files.116/
>>>> 88473605 drwxr-xr-t 2 [user] [user] 4.0K Apr 19 14:18 .X11-unix/
>>>> 88473607 drwxr-xr-t 2 [user] [user] 4.0K Apr 19 14:18 .XIM-unix/
>>>>
>>>> And here is what was in the old tmp partition:
>>>>
>>>> total 48K
>>>> 88473611 drwxr-xr-t 10 root    root    4.0K Apr 19 14:20 ./
>>>> 88473603 drwxr-xr-x  3 [user] [user] 4.0K Apr 19 14:20 ../
>>>> 88473618 drwxr-xr-t  2 root    root    4.0K Apr 19 14:20 .font-
>>>> unix/
>>>> 88473615 drwxr-xr-t  2 root    root    4.0K Apr 19 14:20 .ICE-
>>>> unix/
>>>> 88473620 drwx------  2 root    root    4.0K Apr 19 14:20
>>>> lost+found/
>>>> 88473619 drwxr-xr-t  2 root    root    4.0K Apr 19 14:20 .Test-
>>>> unix/
>>>> 88473624 drwx------  2 root    root    4.0K Apr 19 14:20 tracker-
>>>> extract-files.1000/
>>>> 88473623 drwx------  2 root    root    4.0K Apr 19 14:20 tracker-
>>>> extract-files.116/
>>>> 88473621 -r--r--r--  1 root    root      11 Apr 19 14:20 .X1024-
>>>> lock
>>>> 88473622 -r--r--r--  1 root    root      11 Apr 19 14:20 .X1025-
>>>> lock
>>>> 88473612 drwxr-xr-t  2 root    root    4.0K Apr 19 14:20 .X11-
>>>> unix/
>>>> 88473617 drwxr-xr-t  2 root    root    4.0K Apr 19 14:20 .XIM-
>>>> unix/
>>>>
>>>> As far as I can tell, there is nothing crucial in either tmp
>>>> backup.
>>>>
>>>> BTW, I know nothing about bind or mount --bind. I looked them up
>>>> briefly, and decided that they are too difficult and maybe
>>>> dangerous to
>>>> try to learn and use under the current circumstances. 
>>>>
>>>> So here is what I am thinking of doing:
>>>>
>>>> While running from within the Debian Stable 11.6 Live/install usb
>>>> thumb
>>>> drive, as root user:
>>>>
>>>> 1) On the computer's internal ssd, delete the /tmp directory and
>>>> its
>>>> contents.
>>>>
>>>> 2) On the computer's internal ssd, delete the contents of the old
>>>> tmp
>>>> partition, but not the partition itself.
>>>>
>>>> 3) On the computer's internal ssd, replace /etc/fstab with
>>>> /etc/fstab.original, renaming it /etc/fstab. I have already made
>>>> a
>>>> copy
>>>> of the current /etc/fstab as /etc/fstab.as-of-2023-04-19. 
>>>>
>>>> The UUIDs of all partitions on computer's internal ssd seem to be
>>>> the
>>>> same as in /etc/fstab.original. 
>>>>
>>>> (Note: in /etc/fstab.original, it states "Please run 'systemctl
>>>> daemon-
>>>> reload' after making changes here." Since I am doing all this
>>>> from
>>>> a
>>>> live usb, I do not think that applies, so I would skip that.)
>>>>
>>>> Then I would shut down, remove the usb thumb drive, and boot into
>>>> the
>>>> Debian system on the computer's internal ssd.
>>>>
>>>> I hope that from then on, the system would mount the old tmp
>>>> partition
>>>> on the computer's internal ssd as /tmp, re-populating it
>>>> automatically,
>>>> and use it as such from then on.
>>>>
>>>> Does that seem reasonable?
>>>>
>>>> Or am I missing something, obvious or not.
>>>
>>> I see nothing unreasonable. The only oddity to me is that the
>>> listings
>>> you give (which are from the backups, I assume) have today's date,
>>> which means that the backup method is not preserving the file
>>> metadata.
>>> (If you've not used partition 5 for a while, the dates should be
>>> old.)
>>> It doesn't affect what you're doing now, as all the originals are
>>> heading into oblivion, but I'd be reading the backup spec sometime
>>> to see if I could improve that.
>>>
>>> Cheers,
>>> David.
>>>
>>
>>
>> IIRC, I just did:
>>
>> sudo <source> <destination> from the live usb.
>>
>> I didn't think about the changed times.
>>
>> Perhaps I should have used rsync . . .
>>
>> Grrr . . .
>>
>>
>>
>
>
> Sorry! That should have been: 
>
> sudo cp -r <source> <destination> from the live usb.

Consider the -a option to cp for backup/backdown operations, to
preserve all attributes (including timestamps), recursively copy
directories, and more. Read the manual for details.

-- 
Hackers are free people. They are like artists. If they are in a good
mood, they get up in the morning and begin painting their pictures.
-- Vladimir Putin

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#257416

FromDefault User <hunguponcontent@gmail.com>
Date2023-04-20 03:50 +0200
Message-ID<GmrAR-3c6M-1@gated-at.bofh.it>
In reply to#257413
On Wed, 2023-04-19 at 23:40 +0000, davidson wrote:
> On Wed, 19 Apr 2023 Default User wrote:
> > On Wed, 2023-04-19 at 16:56 -0400, Default User wrote:
> > > On Wed, 2023-04-19 at 15:36 -0500, David Wright wrote:
> > > > On Wed 19 Apr 2023 at 16:06:57 (-0400), Default User wrote:
> > > > 
> > > > > Anyway, here is where I am at:
> > > > > 
> > > > > I have two Clonezilla backups.
> > > > > 1) a full disk backup.
> > > > > 2) a "partitions" backup.
> > > > > So, if things really go bad, I can theoretically revert to
> > > > > the
> > > > > setup as
> > > > > of 2023-04-18, when this thread was started.
> > > > > 
> > > > > I also have a backup of the current /tmp directory (from
> > > > > under
> > > > > the
> > > > > /
> > > > > directory).
> > > > > And I have a backup of the old tmp partition.
> > > > > 
> > > > > Both of these tmp backups were made using a Debian Stable
> > > > > 11.6
> > > > > Live/install usb thumb drive, as root user.
> > > > > 
> > > > > All of these backups are on an external usb hdd.
> > > > > 
> > > > > Here is what was in the (root) tmp directory:
> > > > > 
> > > > > _root_partition/tmp
> > > > > total 32K
> > > > > 88473604 drwxr-xr-t 8 [user] [user] 4.0K Apr 19 14:18 ./
> > > > > 88473602 drwxr-xr-x 3 [user] [user] 4.0K Apr 19 14:18 ../
> > > > > 88473608 drwxr-xr-t 2 [user] [user] 4.0K Apr 19 14:18 .font-
> > > > > unix/
> > > > > 88473606 drwxr-xr-t 2 [user] [user] 4.0K Apr 19 14:18 .ICE-
> > > > > unix/
> > > > > 88473609 drwxr-xr-t 2 [user] [user] 4.0K Apr 19 14:18 .Test-
> > > > > unix/
> > > > > 88473610 drwx------ 2 [user] [user] 4.0K Apr 19 14:18
> > > > > tracker-
> > > > > extract-
> > > > > files.116/
> > > > > 88473605 drwxr-xr-t 2 [user] [user] 4.0K Apr 19 14:18 .X11-
> > > > > unix/
> > > > > 88473607 drwxr-xr-t 2 [user] [user] 4.0K Apr 19 14:18 .XIM-
> > > > > unix/
> > > > > 
> > > > > And here is what was in the old tmp partition:
> > > > > 
> > > > > total 48K
> > > > > 88473611 drwxr-xr-t 10 root    root    4.0K Apr 19 14:20 ./
> > > > > 88473603 drwxr-xr-x  3 [user] [user] 4.0K Apr 19 14:20 ../
> > > > > 88473618 drwxr-xr-t  2 root    root    4.0K Apr 19 14:20
> > > > > .font-
> > > > > unix/
> > > > > 88473615 drwxr-xr-t  2 root    root    4.0K Apr 19 14:20
> > > > > .ICE-
> > > > > unix/
> > > > > 88473620 drwx------  2 root    root    4.0K Apr 19 14:20
> > > > > lost+found/
> > > > > 88473619 drwxr-xr-t  2 root    root    4.0K Apr 19 14:20
> > > > > .Test-
> > > > > unix/
> > > > > 88473624 drwx------  2 root    root    4.0K Apr 19 14:20
> > > > > tracker-
> > > > > extract-files.1000/
> > > > > 88473623 drwx------  2 root    root    4.0K Apr 19 14:20
> > > > > tracker-
> > > > > extract-files.116/
> > > > > 88473621 -r--r--r--  1 root    root      11 Apr 19 14:20
> > > > > .X1024-
> > > > > lock
> > > > > 88473622 -r--r--r--  1 root    root      11 Apr 19 14:20
> > > > > .X1025-
> > > > > lock
> > > > > 88473612 drwxr-xr-t  2 root    root    4.0K Apr 19 14:20
> > > > > .X11-
> > > > > unix/
> > > > > 88473617 drwxr-xr-t  2 root    root    4.0K Apr 19 14:20
> > > > > .XIM-
> > > > > unix/
> > > > > 
> > > > > As far as I can tell, there is nothing crucial in either tmp
> > > > > backup.
> > > > > 
> > > > > BTW, I know nothing about bind or mount --bind. I looked them
> > > > > up
> > > > > briefly, and decided that they are too difficult and maybe
> > > > > dangerous to
> > > > > try to learn and use under the current circumstances. 
> > > > > 
> > > > > So here is what I am thinking of doing:
> > > > > 
> > > > > While running from within the Debian Stable 11.6 Live/install
> > > > > usb
> > > > > thumb
> > > > > drive, as root user:
> > > > > 
> > > > > 1) On the computer's internal ssd, delete the /tmp directory
> > > > > and
> > > > > its
> > > > > contents.
> > > > > 
> > > > > 2) On the computer's internal ssd, delete the contents of the
> > > > > old
> > > > > tmp
> > > > > partition, but not the partition itself.
> > > > > 
> > > > > 3) On the computer's internal ssd, replace /etc/fstab with
> > > > > /etc/fstab.original, renaming it /etc/fstab. I have already
> > > > > made
> > > > > a
> > > > > copy
> > > > > of the current /etc/fstab as /etc/fstab.as-of-2023-04-19. 
> > > > > 
> > > > > The UUIDs of all partitions on computer's internal ssd seem
> > > > > to be
> > > > > the
> > > > > same as in /etc/fstab.original. 
> > > > > 
> > > > > (Note: in /etc/fstab.original, it states "Please run
> > > > > 'systemctl
> > > > > daemon-
> > > > > reload' after making changes here." Since I am doing all this
> > > > > from
> > > > > a
> > > > > live usb, I do not think that applies, so I would skip that.)
> > > > > 
> > > > > Then I would shut down, remove the usb thumb drive, and boot
> > > > > into
> > > > > the
> > > > > Debian system on the computer's internal ssd.
> > > > > 
> > > > > I hope that from then on, the system would mount the old tmp
> > > > > partition
> > > > > on the computer's internal ssd as /tmp, re-populating it
> > > > > automatically,
> > > > > and use it as such from then on.
> > > > > 
> > > > > Does that seem reasonable?
> > > > > 
> > > > > Or am I missing something, obvious or not.
> > > > 
> > > > I see nothing unreasonable. The only oddity to me is that the
> > > > listings
> > > > you give (which are from the backups, I assume) have today's
> > > > date,
> > > > which means that the backup method is not preserving the file
> > > > metadata.
> > > > (If you've not used partition 5 for a while, the dates should
> > > > be
> > > > old.)
> > > > It doesn't affect what you're doing now, as all the originals
> > > > are
> > > > heading into oblivion, but I'd be reading the backup spec
> > > > sometime
> > > > to see if I could improve that.
> > > > 
> > > > Cheers,
> > > > David.
> > > > 
> > > 
> > > 
> > > IIRC, I just did:
> > > 
> > > sudo <source> <destination> from the live usb.
> > > 
> > > I didn't think about the changed times.
> > > 
> > > Perhaps I should have used rsync . . .
> > > 
> > > Grrr . . .
> > > 
> > > 
> > > 
> > 
> > 
> > Sorry! That should have been: 
> > 
> > sudo cp -r <source> <destination> from the live usb.
> 
> Consider the -a option to cp for backup/backdown operations, to
> preserve all attributes (including timestamps), recursively copy
> directories, and more. Read the manual for details.
> 

Actually, I did it again, using: 
sudo rsync  -avv 

I don't use cp very often, so I didn't recall the -a option.
Thanks for the info.

Don't know why I didn't use rsync before . . . 

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