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Trouble using SDXC 128GB card

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  Trouble using SDXC 128GB card Musbur <musbur@posteo.org> - 2021-10-26 17:50 +0200
    Re: Trouble using SDXC 128GB card Dan Ritter <dsr@randomstring.org> - 2021-10-26 20:30 +0200
      Re: Trouble using SDXC 128GB card Musbur <musbur@posteo.org> - 2021-10-29 09:50 +0200
        Re: Trouble using SDXC 128GB card Stefan Monnier <monnier@iro.umontreal.ca> - 2021-10-29 16:00 +0200
    Re: Trouble using SDXC 128GB card David Wright <deblis@lionunicorn.co.uk> - 2021-10-26 22:10 +0200
    Re: Trouble using SDXC 128GB card David Christensen <dpchrist@holgerdanske.com> - 2021-10-27 03:10 +0200
    Re: Trouble using SDXC 128GB card Anssi Saari <as@sci.fi> - 2021-10-27 09:20 +0200
    Re: Trouble using SDXC 128GB card Dieter Rohlfing <dr-erc@gmx.net> - 2021-10-27 10:50 +0200

#241689 — Trouble using SDXC 128GB card

Hello,

I'm using a Lenovo Thinkpad T480s. Recently I bought a SanDisk Extreme
Pro 128GB SDXC card for my digital camera, but I quickly found out that
the system can't work with that card. It show up as /dev/sdb, I can use
fdisk and everything without error, but when remove and re-insert the
card, the partition table is gone. When I boot the computer in Win10
(latest version), the card shows up as 'SDXC' but cannot be accessed.
The camera can format, read and write just fine.

According to the specs, the builtin card reader of the T480s is SDXC
compatible. Is there a driver for Linux that can make this card work?
The BIOS of the computer has just been updated a week ago. Is the
hardware just not compatible?

Needless to say, my SDHC cards (up to 32GB) work fine in this machine.

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#241696

Musbur wrote: 
> Hello,
> 
> I'm using a Lenovo Thinkpad T480s. Recently I bought a SanDisk Extreme
> Pro 128GB SDXC card for my digital camera, but I quickly found out that
> the system can't work with that card. It show up as /dev/sdb, I can use
> fdisk and everything without error, but when remove and re-insert the
> card, the partition table is gone. When I boot the computer in Win10
> (latest version), the card shows up as 'SDXC' but cannot be accessed.
> The camera can format, read and write just fine.
> 
> According to the specs, the builtin card reader of the T480s is SDXC
> compatible. Is there a driver for Linux that can make this card work?
> The BIOS of the computer has just been updated a week ago. Is the
> hardware just not compatible?
> 
> Needless to say, my SDHC cards (up to 32GB) work fine in this machine.

It's is quite plausible that you have a counterfeit card, with
an actual capacity of 8-16GB.

Try this (assuming it's still /dev/sdb when you plug it in):

mkfs.ext4 /dev/sdb
mkdir /mnt/tmpcrd
mount /dev/sdb /mnt/tmpcrd

Now download something big, like 

wget https://cdimage.debian.org/debian-cd/current/amd64/iso-cd/debian-11.1.0-amd64-netinst.iso

which is 378MB.

for i in `seq 1 200`; do cp debian-11.1.0-amd64-netinst.iso \
/mnt/tmpcrd/file.$i; done 

That will get you 200 files on the SD card, each 378MB, for a total of about
75,600 MB, which is more than half the capacity of the disk.

Next:

sync
umount /dev/sdb

pull the card out, pop it back in.

mount it at /mnt/tmpcrd again.

Debian says the SHA256 hash of that file is 
02257c3ec27e45d9f022c181a69b59da67e5c72871cdb4f9a69db323a1fad58093f2e69702d29aa98f5f65e920e0b970d816475a5a936e1f3bf33832257b7e92

so let's calculate it for the last 20 files:

for i in `seq 180 200`; do sha256sum /mnt/tmpcrd/file.$i; done

You should get 20 copies of the same hash as above. If you don't
-- you have a a defective, possibly counterfeit card.

-dsr-

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#241770

Hello all, thanks for the replies to this issue. I currently don't have 
the time to delve into this any further, but I did format the card in my 
camera and took a few 100 MB of video on it. The video plays back fine 
on the camera itself, also after turning the camera off and removing and 
re-inserting the card. So the card is OK, it just doesn't work on my 
Lenovo T480s in both Debian 11 and Windows 10. I can write data to the 
raw device (i.e., /dev/hdb) but it reads back only garbage, without 
getting any I/O error. I suspect it has to do with the computer's 
hardware. Still weird, given that SDHC cards work fine, and this is a 
fairly recent machine with a brand-new BIOS update. I'll procure another 
card reader and report back.

Am 26.10.2021 20:08 schrieb Dan Ritter:
> Musbur wrote:
>> Hello,
>> 
>> I'm using a Lenovo Thinkpad T480s. Recently I bought a SanDisk Extreme
>> Pro 128GB SDXC card for my digital camera, but I quickly found out 
>> that
>> the system can't work with that card. It show up as /dev/sdb, I can 
>> use
>> fdisk and everything without error, but when remove and re-insert the
>> card, the partition table is gone. When I boot the computer in Win10
>> (latest version), the card shows up as 'SDXC' but cannot be accessed.
>> The camera can format, read and write just fine.
>> 
>> According to the specs, the builtin card reader of the T480s is SDXC
>> compatible. Is there a driver for Linux that can make this card work?
>> The BIOS of the computer has just been updated a week ago. Is the
>> hardware just not compatible?
>> 
>> Needless to say, my SDHC cards (up to 32GB) work fine in this machine.
> 
> It's is quite plausible that you have a counterfeit card, with
> an actual capacity of 8-16GB.
> 
> Try this (assuming it's still /dev/sdb when you plug it in):
> 
> mkfs.ext4 /dev/sdb
> mkdir /mnt/tmpcrd
> mount /dev/sdb /mnt/tmpcrd
> 
> Now download something big, like
> 
> wget
> https://cdimage.debian.org/debian-cd/current/amd64/iso-cd/debian-11.1.0-amd64-netinst.iso
> 
> which is 378MB.
> 
> for i in `seq 1 200`; do cp debian-11.1.0-amd64-netinst.iso \
> /mnt/tmpcrd/file.$i; done
> 
> That will get you 200 files on the SD card, each 378MB, for a total of 
> about
> 75,600 MB, which is more than half the capacity of the disk.
> 
> Next:
> 
> sync
> umount /dev/sdb
> 
> pull the card out, pop it back in.
> 
> mount it at /mnt/tmpcrd again.
> 
> Debian says the SHA256 hash of that file is
> 02257c3ec27e45d9f022c181a69b59da67e5c72871cdb4f9a69db323a1fad58093f2e69702d29aa98f5f65e920e0b970d816475a5a936e1f3bf33832257b7e92
> 
> so let's calculate it for the last 20 files:
> 
> for i in `seq 180 200`; do sha256sum /mnt/tmpcrd/file.$i; done
> 
> You should get 20 copies of the same hash as above. If you don't
> -- you have a a defective, possibly counterfeit card.
> 
> -dsr-

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#241784

Musbur [2021-10-29 07:40:09] wrote:
> I can write data to the raw device (i.e., /dev/hdb) but it reads back
> only garbage, without getting any I/O error.

Sounds like the plot of a Halloween movie for sysadmins.


        Stefan

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#241699

On Tue 26 Oct 2021 at 15:41:33 (+0000), Musbur wrote:
> I'm using a Lenovo Thinkpad T480s. Recently I bought a SanDisk Extreme
> Pro 128GB SDXC card for my digital camera, but I quickly found out that
> the system can't work with that card. It show up as /dev/sdb, I can use
> fdisk and everything without error, but when remove and re-insert the
> card, the partition table is gone. When I boot the computer in Win10
> (latest version), the card shows up as 'SDXC' but cannot be accessed.
> The camera can format, read and write just fine.

Perhaps the first thing to figure out is the filesystem being used
by the camera, otherwise I assume the card is useless. The default fs
for such a card is exFAT, and the camera might just force that to
be the case if it dislikes what you feed it.

> According to the specs, the builtin card reader of the T480s is SDXC
> compatible. Is there a driver for Linux that can make this card work?
> The BIOS of the computer has just been updated a week ago. Is the
> hardware just not compatible?

The kernels in bullseye support exFAT, but older releases will require
the exfat-fuse and exfat-utils packages. Apparently bullseye can still
use exfat-fuse with the new exfatprogs package, but I've not tried
that.¹

> Needless to say, my SDHC cards (up to 32GB) work fine in this machine.

Yes, because they're probably formatted as vfat.

¹ I toyed with exFAT as a Windows/linux shared backup format, but the
  advantages weren't sufficient to counter the complications.

Cheers,
David.

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#241710

On 10/26/21 8:41 AM, Musbur wrote:
> Hello,
> 
> I'm using a Lenovo Thinkpad T480s. Recently I bought a SanDisk Extreme
> Pro 128GB SDXC card for my digital camera, but I quickly found out that
> the system can't work with that card. It show up as /dev/sdb, I can use
> fdisk and everything without error, but when remove and re-insert the
> card, the partition table is gone. When I boot the computer in Win10
> (latest version), the card shows up as 'SDXC' but cannot be accessed.
> The camera can format, read and write just fine.
> 
> According to the specs, the builtin card reader of the T480s is SDXC
> compatible. Is there a driver for Linux that can make this card work?
> The BIOS of the computer has just been updated a week ago. Is the
> hardware just not compatible?
> 
> Needless to say, my SDHC cards (up to 32GB) work fine in this machine.


Please post a complete console session (prompts displayed, commands 
entered, output displayed) that demonstrates the issues.


David

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#241720

Musbur <musbur@posteo.org> writes:

> According to the specs, the builtin card reader of the T480s is SDXC
> compatible. Is there a driver for Linux that can make this card work?
> The BIOS of the computer has just been updated a week ago. Is the
> hardware just not compatible?

As Windows 10 can't access the card either then it seems likely your
hardware is not compatible. Curious though. For example,
https://www.notebookcheck.net/First-Impressions-Lenovo-ThinkPad-T480s-i5-WQHD-Laptop.284832.0.html
tested SDXC card performance on T480s. I guess it's possible your
specific T480s has a different card reader. Maybe you can check the
laptop's specific configuration with its serial number?

Well, external card readers are cheap and one assumes your camera can
connect to the PC with USB.

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#241722

Am Tue, 26 Oct 2021 15:41:33 +0000
schrieb Musbur <musbur@posteo.org>:

>I'm using a Lenovo Thinkpad T480s. Recently I bought a SanDisk Extreme
>Pro 128GB SDXC card for my digital camera, but I quickly found out that
>the system can't work with that card.
>.....
>The camera can format, read and write just fine.

Perhaps this link

https://github.com/ThomasKaiser/Knowledge/blob/master/articles/A1_and_A2_rated_SD_cards.md#application-performance-class-2-a2

may explain, why you have these problems.

Specially the following text is interesting:

>Application Performance Class 2 (A2)
>A2 promises even better performance with 4000/2000 read/write IOPS
>minimum but there's a problem since as outlined by the SD Association A2
>cards show "much higher performance than A1 performance by using
>functions of Command Queuing and Cache".
>
>Cache and Command Queuing require host (driver) support since the host
>needs to activate those new features first. The cache feature on A2 rated
>cards makes use of volatile RAM on the card requiring the host to learn
>new commands to issue flushing the cache (involving the risk of data
>losses -- for details see especially chapter 4.17 in Physical Layer
>Simplified Specification 6.0)

For my raspi-like hosts I avoid to buy A2 cards. With my A1 sdxc cards I
have no problems (neither with a built-in card reader nor an USB card
reader).

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