Groups | Search | Server Info | Keyboard shortcuts | Login | Register [http] [https] [nntp] [nntps]


Groups > comp.os.linux.misc > #32855 > unrolled thread

HA - Found a CP/M-86 image and C compiler for VBox

Started bySixOverFive <hae274b.net>
First post2021-08-26 00:34 -0400
Last post2021-09-03 02:37 -0400
Articles 14 on this page of 114 — 27 participants

Back to article view | Back to comp.os.linux.misc


Contents

  HA - Found a CP/M-86 image and C compiler for VBox SixOverFive <hae274b.net> - 2021-08-26 00:34 -0400
    Re: HA - Found a CP/M-86 image and C compiler for VBox Eli the Bearded <*@eli.users.panix.com> - 2021-08-26 05:05 +0000
      Re: HA - Found a CP/M-86 image and C compiler for VBox SixOverFive <hae274b.net> - 2021-08-26 20:57 -0400
        Re: HA - Found a CP/M-86 image and C compiler for VBox The Natural Philosopher <tnp@invalid.invalid> - 2021-08-27 02:12 +0100
          Re: HA - Found a CP/M-86 image and C compiler for VBox SixOverFive <hae274c.net> - 2021-08-31 02:43 -0400
            Re: HA - Found a CP/M-86 image and C compiler for VBox The Natural Philosopher <tnp@invalid.invalid> - 2021-08-31 09:28 +0100
              Re: HA - Found a CP/M-86 image and C compiler for VBox SixOverFive <hae274c.net> - 2021-09-01 00:13 -0400
                Re: HA - Found a CP/M-86 image and C compiler for VBox The Natural Philosopher <tnp@invalid.invalid> - 2021-09-01 08:52 +0100
                  Re: HA - Found a CP/M-86 image and C compiler for VBox SixOverFive <hae274c.net> - 2021-09-05 20:29 -0400
                    Re: HA - Found a CP/M-86 image and C compiler for VBox The Natural Philosopher <tnp@invalid.invalid> - 2021-09-06 08:49 +0100
            Re: HA - Found a CP/M-86 image and C compiler for VBox Charlie Gibbs <cgibbs@kltpzyxm.invalid> - 2021-09-01 04:21 +0000
        Re: HA - Found a CP/M-86 image and C compiler for VBox jak <nospam@please.ty> - 2021-09-09 21:56 +0200
    Re: HA - Found a CP/M-86 image and C compiler for VBox The Natural Philosopher <tnp@invalid.invalid> - 2021-08-26 10:03 +0100
      Re: HA - Found a CP/M-86 image and C compiler for VBox SixOverFive <hae274b.net> - 2021-08-26 20:36 -0400
        Re: HA - Found a CP/M-86 image and C compiler for VBox The Natural Philosopher <tnp@invalid.invalid> - 2021-08-27 02:08 +0100
          Re: HA - Found a CP/M-86 image and C compiler for VBox SixOverFive <hae274c.net> - 2021-08-29 01:32 -0400
    Re: HA - Found a CP/M-86 image and C compiler for VBox Andreas Kohlbach <ank@spamfence.net> - 2021-08-26 12:26 -0400
      Re: HA - Found a CP/M-86 image and C compiler for VBox Tauno Voipio <tauno.voipio@notused.fi.invalid> - 2021-08-26 19:49 +0300
        Re: HA - Found a CP/M-86 image and C compiler for VBox SixOverFive <hae274b.net> - 2021-08-26 21:06 -0400
          Re: HA - Found a CP/M-86 image and C compiler for VBox The Natural Philosopher <tnp@invalid.invalid> - 2021-08-27 02:58 +0100
            Re: HA - Found a CP/M-86 image and C compiler for VBox Andreas Kohlbach <ank@spamfence.net> - 2021-08-27 13:22 -0400
              Re: HA - Found a CP/M-86 image and C compiler for VBox Bobbie Sellers <bliss@mouse-potato.com> - 2021-08-27 11:26 -0700
                Re: HA - Found a CP/M-86 image and C compiler for VBox SixOverFive <hae274c.net> - 2021-08-28 01:22 -0400
                  Re: HA - Found a CP/M-86 image and C compiler for VBox The Natural Philosopher <tnp@invalid.invalid> - 2021-08-28 09:53 +0100
                    Re: HA - Found a CP/M-86 image and C compiler for VBox SixOverFive <hae274c.net> - 2021-08-29 02:08 -0400
                  Re: HA - Found a CP/M-86 image and C compiler for VBox Andreas Kohlbach <ank@spamfence.net> - 2021-08-28 12:11 -0400
                    Re: HA - Found a CP/M-86 image and C compiler for VBox SixOverFive <hae274c.net> - 2021-08-29 01:08 -0400
                      Re: HA - Found a CP/M-86 image and C compiler for VBox Andreas Kohlbach <ank@spamfence.net> - 2021-08-29 04:01 -0400
                        Re: HA - Found a CP/M-86 image and C compiler for VBox SixOverFive <hae274c.net> - 2021-08-29 23:32 -0400
                      Re: HA - Found a CP/M-86 image and C compiler for VBox Charlie Gibbs <cgibbs@kltpzyxm.invalid> - 2021-08-30 00:51 +0000
                        Re: HA - Found a CP/M-86 image and C compiler for VBox SixOverFive <hae274c.net> - 2021-08-30 00:06 -0400
                          Re: HA - Found a CP/M-86 image and C compiler for VBox Charlie Gibbs <cgibbs@kltpzyxm.invalid> - 2021-08-30 14:03 +0000
                            Re: HA - Found a CP/M-86 image and C compiler for VBox SixOverFive <hae274c.net> - 2021-08-31 01:25 -0400
                              Re: HA - Found a CP/M-86 image and C compiler for VBox Charlie Gibbs <cgibbs@kltpzyxm.invalid> - 2021-09-01 04:21 +0000
                                Re: HA - Found a CP/M-86 image and C compiler for VBox SixOverFive <hae274c.net> - 2021-09-04 01:37 -0400
              Re: HA - Found a CP/M-86 image and C compiler for VBox The Natural Philosopher <tnp@invalid.invalid> - 2021-08-28 09:40 +0100
                Re: HA - Found a CP/M-86 image and C compiler for VBox Andreas Kohlbach <ank@spamfence.net> - 2021-08-28 12:20 -0400
                  Re: HA - Found a CP/M-86 image and C compiler for VBox Allodoxaphobia <trepidation@example.net> - 2021-08-29 00:55 +0000
                    Re: HA - Found a CP/M-86 image and C compiler for VBox SixOverFive <hae274c.net> - 2021-08-31 01:58 -0400
                      Re: HA - Found a CP/M-86 image and C compiler for VBox Andreas Kohlbach <ank@spamfence.net> - 2021-08-31 06:16 -0400
                        Re: HA - Found a CP/M-86 image and C compiler for VBox SixOverFive <hae274c.net> - 2021-08-31 23:47 -0400
                          Re: HA - Found a CP/M-86 image and C compiler for VBox Andreas Kohlbach <ank@spamfence.net> - 2021-09-01 07:52 -0400
                            Re: HA - Found a CP/M-86 image and C compiler for VBox Roger Blake <rogblake@iname.invalid> - 2021-09-02 01:49 +0000
                              Re: HA - Found a CP/M-86 image and C compiler for VBox pH <wNOSPAMp@gmail.org> - 2021-09-02 02:39 +0000
                                Re: HA - Found a CP/M-86 image and C compiler for VBox SixOverFive <hae274c.net> - 2021-09-02 01:29 -0400
                            Re: HA - Found a CP/M-86 image and C compiler for VBox SixOverFive <hae274c.net> - 2021-09-02 01:10 -0400
                              Re: HA - Found a CP/M-86 image and C compiler for VBox Andreas Kohlbach <ank@spamfence.net> - 2021-09-02 14:51 -0400
                                Re: HA - Found a CP/M-86 image and C compiler for VBox Bobbie Sellers <bliss@mouse-potato.com> - 2021-09-02 13:25 -0700
                                  Re: HA - Found a CP/M-86 image and C compiler for VBox Andreas Kohlbach <ank@spamfence.net> - 2021-09-02 21:24 -0400
                                    Re: HA - Found a CP/M-86 image and C compiler for VBox SixOverFive <hae274c.net> - 2021-09-03 03:38 -0400
                                      Re: HA - Found a CP/M-86 image and C compiler for VBox The Natural Philosopher <tnp@invalid.invalid> - 2021-09-03 09:14 +0100
                                        Re: HA - Found a CP/M-86 image and C compiler for VBox SixOverFive <hae274c.net> - 2021-09-04 01:01 -0400
                                      Re: HA - Found a CP/M-86 image and C compiler for VBox Andreas Kohlbach <ank@spamfence.net> - 2021-09-03 12:13 -0400
                                        Re: HA - Found a CP/M-86 image and C compiler for VBox SixOverFive <hae274c.net> - 2021-09-04 01:16 -0400
                                Re: HA - Found a CP/M-86 image and C compiler for VBox SixOverFive <hae274c.net> - 2021-09-03 03:19 -0400
                                  Re: HA - Found a CP/M-86 image and C compiler for VBox scott@slp53.sl.home (Scott Lurndal) - 2021-09-03 14:00 +0000
                                    Re: HA - Found a CP/M-86 image and C compiler for VBox Ahem A Rivet's Shot <steveo@eircom.net> - 2021-09-03 17:44 +0100
                                  Re: HA - Found a CP/M-86 image and C compiler for VBox J. Clarke <jclarke.873638@gmail.com> - 2021-09-03 14:11 -0400
                                    Re: HA - Found a CP/M-86 image and C compiler for VBox Ahem A Rivet's Shot <steveo@eircom.net> - 2021-09-03 19:53 +0100
                                      Re: HA - Found a CP/M-86 image and C compiler for VBox Peter Flass <peter_flass@yahoo.com> - 2021-09-03 13:59 -0700
                                        Re: HA - Found a CP/M-86 image and C compiler for VBox J. Clarke <jclarke.873638@gmail.com> - 2021-09-03 20:18 -0400
                                          Re: HA - Found a CP/M-86 image and C compiler for VBox SixOverFive <hae274c.net> - 2021-09-05 02:14 -0400
                                            Re: HA - Found a CP/M-86 image and C compiler for VBox The Natural Philosopher <tnp@invalid.invalid> - 2021-09-05 09:47 +0100
                                              Re: HA - Found a CP/M-86 image and C compiler for VBox drb@ihatespam.msu.edu (Dennis Boone) - 2021-09-05 10:00 -0500
                                                Re: real programmers, was HA - Found a CP/M-86 image and C compiler for VBox John Levine <johnl@taugh.com> - 2021-09-05 22:16 +0000
                                              Re: HA - Found a CP/M-86 image and C compiler for VBox "David W. Hodgins" <dwhodgins@nomail.afraid.org> - 2021-09-05 12:05 -0400
                                                Re: fine old languages, HA - Found a CP/M-86 image and C compiler for VBox John Levine <johnl@taugh.com> - 2021-09-05 22:20 +0000
                                                Re: HA - Found a CP/M-86 image and C compiler for VBox SixOverFive <hae274c.net> - 2021-09-05 23:00 -0400
                                                  Re: HA - Found a CP/M-86 image and C compiler for VBox Charlie Gibbs <cgibbs@kltpzyxm.invalid> - 2021-09-07 20:12 +0000
                                                    Re: HA - Found a CP/M-86 image and C compiler for VBox Dan Espen <dan1espen@gmail.com> - 2021-09-07 16:27 -0400
                                                      Re: HA - Found a CP/M-86 image and C compiler for VBox J. Clarke <jclarke.873638@gmail.com> - 2021-09-07 18:30 -0400
                                                        Re: HA - Found a CP/M-86 image and C compiler for VBox Charlie Gibbs <cgibbs@kltpzyxm.invalid> - 2021-09-08 00:17 +0000
                                                Re: HA - Found a CP/M-86 image and C compiler for VBox The Natural Philosopher <tnp@invalid.invalid> - 2021-09-06 08:50 +0100
                                                  Re: HA - Found a CP/M-86 image and C compiler for VBox "David W. Hodgins" <dwhodgins@nomail.afraid.org> - 2021-09-06 11:16 -0400
                                                  Re: HA - Found a CP/M-86 image and C compiler for VBox Rich Alderson <news@alderson.users.panix.com> - 2021-09-06 15:04 -0400
                                              Re: HA - Found a CP/M-86 image and C compiler for VBox Jerry Peters <jerry@example.invalid> - 2021-09-09 02:04 +0000
                                    Re: HA - Found a CP/M-86 image and C compiler for VBox SixOverFive <hae274c.net> - 2021-09-05 01:40 -0400
                                      Re: HA - Found a CP/M-86 image and C compiler for VBox The Natural Philosopher <tnp@invalid.invalid> - 2021-09-05 09:38 +0100
                                        Re: HA - Found a CP/M-86 image and C compiler for VBox Ahem A Rivet's Shot <steveo@eircom.net> - 2021-09-05 10:49 +0100
                                          Re: HA - Found a CP/M-86 image and C compiler for VBox The Natural Philosopher <tnp@invalid.invalid> - 2021-09-05 11:22 +0100
                                            Re: HA - Found a CP/M-86 image and C compiler for VBox gareth evans <headstone255@yahoo.com> - 2021-09-05 11:31 +0100
                                              OT : Re: HA - Found a CP/M-86 image and C compiler for VBox gareth evans <headstone255@yahoo.com> - 2021-09-05 11:38 +0100
                                                Re: OT : Re: HA - Found a CP/M-86 image and C compiler for VBox The Natural Philosopher <tnp@invalid.invalid> - 2021-09-05 12:15 +0100
                                          Re: HA - Found a CP/M-86 image and C compiler for VBox Charlie Gibbs <cgibbs@kltpzyxm.invalid> - 2021-09-07 20:12 +0000
                                            Re: HA - Found a CP/M-86 image and C compiler for VBox Ahem A Rivet's Shot <steveo@eircom.net> - 2021-09-07 22:05 +0100
                                        Re: HA - Found a CP/M-86 image and C compiler for VBox Stéphane CARPENTIER <sc@fiat-linux.fr> - 2021-09-05 10:13 +0000
                                        Re: HA - Found a CP/M-86 image and C compiler for VBox J. Clarke <jclarke.873638@gmail.com> - 2021-09-05 09:50 -0400
                                          Re: HA - Found a CP/M-86 image and C compiler for VBox SixOverFive <hae274c.net> - 2021-09-05 20:18 -0400
                                            Re: HA - Found a CP/M-86 image and C compiler for VBox J. Clarke <jclarke.873638@gmail.com> - 2021-09-05 22:38 -0400
                                              Re: HA - Found a CP/M-86 image and C compiler for VBox Ahem A Rivet's Shot <steveo@eircom.net> - 2021-09-06 08:53 +0100
                                      Re: HA - Found a CP/M-86 image and C compiler for VBox Andreas Kohlbach <ank@spamfence.net> - 2021-09-05 12:22 -0400
                                  Re: HA - Found a CP/M-86 image and C compiler for VBox usenet@only.tnx (Questor) - 2021-09-03 19:34 +0000
                                  Re: HA - Found a CP/M-86 image and C compiler for VBox Andreas Kohlbach <ank@spamfence.net> - 2021-09-03 19:57 -0400
                              Re: HA - Found a CP/M-86 image and C compiler for VBox Anssi Saari <as@sci.fi> - 2021-09-03 08:27 +0300
                                Re: HA - Found a CP/M-86 image and C compiler for VBox SixOverFive <hae274c.net> - 2021-09-05 01:03 -0400
                                  Re: HA - Found a CP/M-86 image and C compiler for VBox Anssi Saari <as@sci.fi> - 2021-09-05 15:25 +0300
                                    Re: HA - Found a CP/M-86 image and C compiler for VBox The Natural Philosopher <tnp@invalid.invalid> - 2021-09-05 14:03 +0100
                                    Re: HA - Found a CP/M-86 image and C compiler for VBox Tauno Voipio <tauno.voipio@notused.fi.invalid> - 2021-09-05 19:27 +0300
                                      Re: HA - Found a CP/M-86 image and C compiler for VBox SixOverFive <hae274c.net> - 2021-09-05 20:14 -0400
                                      Re: HA - Found a CP/M-86 image and C compiler for VBox SixOverFive <hae274c.net> - 2021-09-06 00:53 -0400
                                        Re: HA - Found a CP/M-86 image and C compiler for VBox The Natural Philosopher <tnp@invalid.invalid> - 2021-09-06 08:58 +0100
                                        Re: HA - Found a CP/M-86 image and C compiler for VBox Tauno Voipio <tauno.voipio@notused.fi.invalid> - 2021-09-06 12:36 +0300
            Re: HA - Found a CP/M-86 image and C compiler for VBox SixOverFive <hae274c.net> - 2021-08-28 00:44 -0400
      Re: HA - Found a CP/M-86 image and C compiler for VBox The Natural Philosopher <tnp@invalid.invalid> - 2021-08-26 17:51 +0100
        Re: HA - Found a CP/M-86 image and C compiler for VBox SixOverFive <hae274c.net> - 2021-08-28 01:48 -0400
          Re: HA - Found a CP/M-86 image and C compiler for VBox The Natural Philosopher <tnp@invalid.invalid> - 2021-08-28 10:16 +0100
            Re: HA - Found a CP/M-86 image and C compiler for VBox SixOverFive <hae274c.net> - 2021-08-29 00:21 -0400
    Re: HA - Found a CP/M-86 image and C compiler for VBox Aragorn <thorongil@telenet.be> - 2021-08-26 19:53 +0200
      Re: HA - Found a CP/M-86 image and C compiler for VBox SixOverFive <hae274b.net> - 2021-08-26 20:33 -0400
    Re: HA - Found a CP/M-86 image and C compiler for VBox Charlie Gibbs <cgibbs@kltpzyxm.invalid> - 2021-08-27 02:01 +0000
      Re: HA - Found a CP/M-86 image and C compiler for VBox The Natural Philosopher <tnp@invalid.invalid> - 2021-08-27 04:40 +0100
      Re: HA - Found a CP/M-86 image and C compiler for VBox SixOverFive <hae274c.net> - 2021-09-02 00:15 -0400
        Re: HA - Found a CP/M-86 image and C compiler for VBox Charlie Gibbs <cgibbs@kltpzyxm.invalid> - 2021-09-02 06:02 +0000
          Re: HA - Found a CP/M-86 image and C compiler for VBox SixOverFive <hae274c.net> - 2021-09-03 02:37 -0400

Page 6 of 6 — ← Prev page 1 2 3 4 5 [6]


#33155

FromThe Natural Philosopher <tnp@invalid.invalid>
Date2021-09-06 08:58 +0100
Message-ID<sh4hn6$qj8$1@dont-email.me>
In reply to#33150
On 06/09/2021 05:53, SixOverFive wrote:
> The Apollo computers used "rope memory" - HAND assembled.
> This was basically ferrite-core memory, but assembled
> on loose wires so you could pack it into a small space.
> There WERE better solutions in the late 60s ... so I
> suspect a pork-barrel project ... indeed I seem to
> remember they were made in Texas - LBJs state

Core store is very radiation proof. And very shock and vibration proof


-- 
"It is an established fact to 97% confidence limits that left wing 
conspirators see right wing conspiracies everywhere"

[toc] | [prev] | [next] | [standalone]


#33159

FromTauno Voipio <tauno.voipio@notused.fi.invalid>
Date2021-09-06 12:36 +0300
Message-ID<sh4nf2$2id$1@dont-email.me>
In reply to#33150
On 6.9.2021 07:53 AM, SixOverFive wrote:
> 
> The Apollo computers used "rope memory" - HAND assembled.
> This was basically ferrite-core memory, but assembled
> on loose wires so you could pack it into a small space.
> There WERE better solutions in the late 60s ... so I
> suspect a pork-barrel project ... indeed I seem to
> remember they were made in Texas - LBJs state  :-)
> 

The rope memory was ROM. It used soft ferrite (transformer) cores.
A ferrite storage memory used square-loop (permanen magnet) cores.

There was as many cores as the memory bit width, each having a
secondary winding and a sense amplifier. The word lines were threaded
through a core for an one bit and around the core for a zero bit.
For reading, a word line was pulsed and the responses from the
bit lines stored to the data register. To save drivers, the word
lines were matrixed.

-- 

-TV

[toc] | [prev] | [next] | [standalone]


#32927

FromSixOverFive <hae274c.net>
Date2021-08-28 00:44 -0400
Message-ID<9sudnT7f5tesIrT8nZ2dnUU7-VHNnZ2d@earthlink.com>
In reply to#32913
On 08/26/2021 09:58 PM, The Natural Philosopher wrote:
 > On 27/08/2021 02:06, SixOverFive wrote:
 >> On 08/26/2021 12:49 PM, Tauno Voipio wrote:
 >>> On 26.8.21 19.26, Andreas Kohlbach wrote:
 >>>> On Thu, 26 Aug 2021 00:34:38 -0400, SixOverFive <hae274b.net> wrote:
 >>>>>
 >>>>> Note, CP/M was rather CRAPPY. It wasn't even usually
 >>>>> safe to try and append to files because the OS didn't
 >>>>> keep track of how many bytes were in play.
 >>>>
 >>>> MS-DOS did? I admit I have no idea, but always thought CP/M was
 >>>> superior
 >>>> to MS-DOS; even that MS-DOS was more or less a clone. And not forget
 >>>> CP/M
 >>>> was the first operating system for micros, running on many system
 >>>> architectures, as long as they ran a 8080, Z80 or X68. The software
 >>>> library is so huge that many manufacturers, even Commodore, offered
 >>>> CP/M
 >>>> cards to give their customers access to it.
 >>>
 >>>
 >>> CP/M had bookkeeping in 128 byte extents, not more accurate. The extent
 >>> size was also the sector size of a basic single-density 8 inch 
diskette,
 >>> with 77 tracks of 26 sectors each.
 >>
 >>    Ah HA ! So if you wanted to append a file, you should have
 >>    your records sized at some multiple of 128 .....
 >
 > No, the problem was that text files used a ctrl-z to mark EOF so you had
 > to scan the last sector looking for it...and use that as your file size.
 > For code files - executables - spare bytes at the end didn't matter. and
 > ctrl-z was a valid opcodes or memory address, but you didn't append
 > executable files - you recompiled or reassembled them.
 >
 > The problem would have been binary files. But we didn't have those
 > really then. Much. And if we did we usually put something in the file
 > structure itself to say how long it was. CP/M doisk drivers were really
 > just a way of getting n 128 byte sectors off a disk and putting them on.


   Unfortunately, binary files were exactly what I had
   in mind .....

   Yes, you CAN do ASCII database records, even use the PICK-ish
   ascii-delimited structure (easy to READ, much more of a bitch
   to edit - lots of special cases).


 > Files as such were a bit of a new fangled luxury :-)

   Aw, there'd been "files" since right after
   UNIVAC  :-)

   I'd LOVE to score one of those antique "disk
   drives" though - well, "drum drives". Mercury
   delay-line serial memory ... they had such
   interesting solutions back in the day.

   Look up "rope memory" ... actually used for
   Apollo program spacecraft computers. You'd
   THINK fuse-programmable PROMS would have been
   MUCH cheaper/simpler, but then it WAS a govt
   program  :-)

 >>
 >>    This is useful information.
 >>
 >>    The young people do not realize how CP/M was *the*
 >>    "business system" for quite a long time. Mass quantities
 >>    of biz/science software was written for it.
 > First micro word processors and (among the first) spreadsheets.
 > Accounting software too.
 >
 > This is why
 >>    those old PCs came with the CP/M disk. You could re-compile
 >>    your old source and I seem to recall there were utilities
 >>    that could (usually) brutalize Z-80 binaries into x86
 >>    binaries directly that'd run on CP/M-86. IBMs middle
 >>    name IS "Business" after all and they wanted to ensure
 >>    a certain continuity until new apps could be written.
 >
 > Yeah. I remember those, but really a lot of the 8080 assembler source
 > could be mapped into 8086 small model (64k) code. That would have been a
 > better way, but along came PCDOS and bang went CPM MPM and CPM86

   There wasn't THAT much difference between Z80 and 8088, so
   writing a simple "translator" would not be too difficult,
   at least for single-page programs. The Z80 could be tweaked
   to do multiple pages - in a very clunky way. That might be
   more difficult to translate into the 8088 world.

   Ultimately, it was just easier to re-compile the source using
   x86 compilers and improve from there. ASM programs were a bit
   more work. After that, Z80 was just dead. All those wonderful
   S-100 boxes became scrap metal.

   I *think* you could get m68000 (68008?) in S-100 early on.
   GOTTA find one of those !

   I have limited experience with Z80 and CP/M. I've been having
   to re-learn how to use "PIP". DOS was kind of like CP/M at
   the beginning ... they just incorporated PIP so you didn't
   have to run it as a separate utility.

   Ah, my latest VirtualBox issue ... damned thing will NOT
   map a USB drive. SEES it, PRETENDS to attach it, but
   NO drive letter A:-Z: .... this is a problem. DOS 6.22 is
   supposed to understand CD-ROMS at the very least and VB
   is supposed to make a USB device kinda look like something
   DOS and CP/M can cope with. If I can't load some EXE
   programs and drivers I can't network. The SERIAL port
   works ... maybe a daisy-chain of adapters .... really IS
   like the bad old days ....

   DID get EMM386 to recognize a super whopping massive 32MB
   of RAM though  :-)

   Oh, and IBM-C works a LOT easier if you just copy ALL the
   files into ONE directory - compiler, linker, includes,
   everything.

[toc] | [prev] | [next] | [standalone]


#32883

FromThe Natural Philosopher <tnp@invalid.invalid>
Date2021-08-26 17:51 +0100
Message-ID<sg8gqe$86n$3@dont-email.me>
In reply to#32877
On 26/08/2021 17:26, Andreas Kohlbach wrote:
> On Thu, 26 Aug 2021 00:34:38 -0400, SixOverFive <hae274b.net> wrote:
>>
>> Note, CP/M was rather CRAPPY. It wasn't even usually
>> safe to try and append to files because the OS didn't
>> keep track of how many bytes were in play.
> 
> MS-DOS did? I admit I have no idea, but always thought CP/M was superior
> to MS-DOS; even that MS-DOS was more or less a clone. And not forget CP/M
> was the first operating system for micros, running on many system
> architectures, as long as they ran a 8080, Z80 or X68. The software
> library is so huge that many manufacturers, even Commodore, offered CP/M
> cards to give their customers access to it.
> 
The disk formats were pretty crude, I think that's why there were ctrl-Z 
in text files to indicate the end.

MS-DOS FAT was a little better, but this is all from very old 
memory...so may be misremembered

-- 
Labour - a bunch of rich people convincing poor people to vote for rich 
people by telling poor people that "other" rich people are the reason 
they are poor.

Peter Thompson

[toc] | [prev] | [next] | [standalone]


#32931

FromSixOverFive <hae274c.net>
Date2021-08-28 01:48 -0400
Message-ID<5fOdndWJBaWoU7T8nZ2dnUU7-UfNnZ2d@earthlink.com>
In reply to#32883
On 08/26/2021 12:51 PM, The Natural Philosopher wrote:
> On 26/08/2021 17:26, Andreas Kohlbach wrote:
>> On Thu, 26 Aug 2021 00:34:38 -0400, SixOverFive <hae274b.net> wrote:
>>>
>>> Note, CP/M was rather CRAPPY. It wasn't even usually
>>> safe to try and append to files because the OS didn't
>>> keep track of how many bytes were in play.
>>
>> MS-DOS did? I admit I have no idea, but always thought CP/M was superior
>> to MS-DOS; even that MS-DOS was more or less a clone. And not forget CP/M
>> was the first operating system for micros, running on many system
>> architectures, as long as they ran a 8080, Z80 or X68. The software
>> library is so huge that many manufacturers, even Commodore, offered CP/M
>> cards to give their customers access to it.
>>
> The disk formats were pretty crude, I think that's why there were ctrl-Z 
> in text files to indicate the end.
> 
> MS-DOS FAT was a little better, but this is all from very old 
> memory...so may be misremembered


  FAT/DOS *did* keep better track of things. Even FAT-12 was better
  than CP/M.

  Things advance, step by step.

  Though sometimes they advance towards a cliff ...

  And sometimes they advance in reverse ... the current
  trend to revive the old client/server computing model
  for easier exploitation/stealing/surveillance/control
  is an example.

  Oh, I *found* it, my copy of BYTE Vol8 #12 ... a review
  of Winders 1.0 !  The Commodore-128 had a better GUI
  in ROM at the time. My old boss BOUGHT a copy, but I
  can't find the floppy.

[toc] | [prev] | [next] | [standalone]


#32936

FromThe Natural Philosopher <tnp@invalid.invalid>
Date2021-08-28 10:16 +0100
Message-ID<sgcut3$t1e$1@dont-email.me>
In reply to#32931
On 28/08/2021 06:48, SixOverFive wrote:
> Things advance, step by step.
> 
>   Though sometimes they advance towards a cliff ...
> 
>   And sometimes they advance in reverse ... the current
>   trend to revive the old client/server computing model
>   for easier exploitation/stealing/surveillance/control
>   is an example.

You have to see it from the other angle, as I did running companies.

When you had a mainframe. with serial terminals, if one user had a 
problem it was with a cheap terminal or a cable

If everyone had a problem, it was with the one actual computer. You got 
in your supplier, and they sorted it. There was only one set of programs 
running on it, they were clearly understood and documented, and you went 
on a training course to learn how to uses them.

Move to the world of the Personal Computer, and offices became a total 
nightmare, with people loading anything and everything on their 
computers, including viruses and porn, and pirate copes of this that and 
the other, that the reliability took a dive while the cost of keeping it 
all running soared onto the stratosphere.

And didn't start to come down until centrally managed cloud based apps 
appeared that merely demanded the users ran IE6 or something.

If you are working in a commercial environment it is so much easier and 
cheaper to maintain one central copy of code that everyone uses. One set 
of properly backed up data and so on.

All the personal computer did was allow far more processing power into 
the hands of users. For something like graphics and media creation and 
edition, or running CAD CAM software this was indispensable, and of 
course for home us it meant games, but really it clobbered support 
completely.

Most people are far far happier on their cloudy StupidPhones™ and 
TotalPills™ (tablets) plugged into cloud apps than they are reinstalling 
SUSE linux on a hard drive.

You and I are not, but we are the exception, not the rule.

Decent networking speeds have removed the need for local processing 
power to a very large extent. It is far more cost effective to go back 
to the 'client server timesharing charge for access to my app' model 
where data and support is centralised, than to run distributed code.

I don't see it as a retrograde step at all. It is simply that the 
balance between processor power and networks speeds has drastically 
changed. And the fact that this re centralisation of data, which should 
make it more secure from accidental loss, and lower maintenance costs, 
also makes it more vulnerable to malicious abuse, is just the way that 
particular cookie crumbles.

Instead of trusting your own sysadmin, you have to trust AmazonAWS 
sysadmins instead.

 From the perspective of extremely IT literate people, we see the 
potential hazards, but unless you have been involved in setting up and 
running commercial software systems, you wont easily see the flip side 
of the coin.


-
“Progress is precisely that which rules and regulations did not foresee,”

  – Ludwig von Mises

[toc] | [prev] | [next] | [standalone]


#32954

FromSixOverFive <hae274c.net>
Date2021-08-29 00:21 -0400
Message-ID<kemdnWUObtPRlrb8nZ2dnUU7-aXNnZ2d@earthlink.com>
In reply to#32936
On 08/28/2021 05:16 AM, The Natural Philosopher wrote:
 > On 28/08/2021 06:48, SixOverFive wrote:
 >> Things advance, step by step.
 >>
 >>   Though sometimes they advance towards a cliff ...
 >>
 >>   And sometimes they advance in reverse ... the current
 >>   trend to revive the old client/server computing model
 >>   for easier exploitation/stealing/surveillance/control
 >>   is an example.
 >
 > You have to see it from the other angle, as I did running companies.
 >
 > When you had a mainframe. with serial terminals, if one user had a
 > problem it was with a cheap terminal or a cable
 >
 > If everyone had a problem, it was with the one actual computer. You got
 > in your supplier, and they sorted it. There was only one set of programs
 > running on it, they were clearly understood and documented, and you went
 > on a training course to learn how to uses them.
 >
 > Move to the world of the Personal Computer, and offices became a total
 > nightmare, with people loading anything and everything on their
 > computers, including viruses and porn, and pirate copes of this that and
 > the other, that the reliability took a dive while the cost of keeping it
 > all running soared onto the stratosphere.
 >
 > And didn't start to come down until centrally managed cloud based apps
 > appeared that merely demanded the users ran IE6 or something.
 >
 > If you are working in a commercial environment it is so much easier and
 > cheaper to maintain one central copy of code that everyone uses. One set
 > of properly backed up data and so on.
 >
 > All the personal computer did was allow far more processing power into
 > the hands of users. For something like graphics and media creation and
 > edition, or running CAD CAM software this was indispensable, and of
 > course for home us it meant games, but really it clobbered support
 > completely.
 >
 > Most people are far far happier on their cloudy StupidPhones™ and
 > TotalPills™ (tablets) plugged into cloud apps than they are reinstalling
 > SUSE linux on a hard drive.
 >
 > You and I are not, but we are the exception, not the rule.
 >
 > Decent networking speeds have removed the need for local processing
 > power to a very large extent. It is far more cost effective to go back
 > to the 'client server timesharing charge for access to my app' model
 > where data and support is centralised, than to run distributed code.
 >
 > I don't see it as a retrograde step at all. It is simply that the
 > balance between processor power and networks speeds has drastically
 > changed. And the fact that this re centralisation of data, which should
 > make it more secure from accidental loss, and lower maintenance costs,
 > also makes it more vulnerable to malicious abuse, is just the way that
 > particular cookie crumbles.
 >
 > Instead of trusting your own sysadmin, you have to trust AmazonAWS
 > sysadmins instead.
 >
 >  From the perspective of extremely IT literate people, we see the
 > potential hazards, but unless you have been involved in setting up and
 > running commercial software systems, you wont easily see the flip side
 > of the coin.
   Try using/developing-for ArcGIS.

   Everybody who does is pining horribly for the i15 12ghz
   dodecacore and a multi-teraflop Nvidia card. The need for
   local power has NOT gone away.

   In any case, "making it work" has become less of a problem
   these days. The $$$ issue is data theft/surveillance/micro-
   management.

   THIS is The Problem nowadays - and it's a BAD, EVIL, problem.

   So, I'm going to take the exact opposite position. Power To
   The People - screw the Big Boyz.

   In short, I see that "flip side" as a $$$/Stasi-motivated
   LIE. Any lie can be sold, of course. There are ALWAYS
   endless "good reasons" for central control/monitoring.

[toc] | [prev] | [next] | [standalone]


#32889

FromAragorn <thorongil@telenet.be>
Date2021-08-26 19:53 +0200
Message-ID<20210826195339.48deb236@nx-74205>
In reply to#32855
On 26.08.2021 at 00:34, SixOverFive scribbled:

> Drifting around today I found a few interesting antiques
> on the net. One was DOS-6.22 ... and a Turbo Pascal 6
> compiler that ran on it. Also got the MS Fortran/Pascal/COBOL
> and BASCOM for it. Even more interesting, remember when the
> IBM-PCs first came out ? They came with TWO floppies -
> IBM-DOS and CP/M-86. The originals had CP/M 1.0 while the
> closely-following PC-XTs came with CP/M 1.10 ...
> got BOTH to run inside VirtualBox.

A word of caution, though.  I have no experience with VirtualBox, but
if you're going to be running that TurboPascal 6.0 inside of it, then
if possible, you'll have to set up VirtualBox to mimic a CPU with a
clock speed below 200 MHz.  

I'm not sure where the tipping point lies, but the TP6 compiler can't
handle higher clocks and will either crash or start generating faulty
code.

-- 
With respect,
= Aragorn =

[toc] | [prev] | [next] | [standalone]


#32901

FromSixOverFive <hae274b.net>
Date2021-08-26 20:33 -0400
Message-ID<oJOdneEoXtt7r7X8nZ2dnUU7-d3NnZ2d@earthlink.com>
In reply to#32889
On 08/26/2021 01:53 PM, Aragorn wrote:
 > On 26.08.2021 at 00:34, SixOverFive scribbled:
 >
 >> Drifting around today I found a few interesting antiques
 >> on the net. One was DOS-6.22 ... and a Turbo Pascal 6
 >> compiler that ran on it. Also got the MS Fortran/Pascal/COBOL
 >> and BASCOM for it. Even more interesting, remember when the
 >> IBM-PCs first came out ? They came with TWO floppies -
 >> IBM-DOS and CP/M-86. The originals had CP/M 1.0 while the
 >> closely-following PC-XTs came with CP/M 1.10 ...
 >> got BOTH to run inside VirtualBox.
 >
 > A word of caution, though.  I have no experience with VirtualBox, but
 > if you're going to be running that TurboPascal 6.0 inside of it, then
 > if possible, you'll have to set up VirtualBox to mimic a CPU with a
 > clock speed below 200 MHz.
 >
 > I'm not sure where the tipping point lies, but the TP6 compiler can't
 > handle higher clocks and will either crash or start generating faulty
 > code.
   Haven't seen that ... brought in a couple of my old Turbo
   programs and they all compiled and ran as expected. They
   included KB and disk i/o. The only thing that MIGHT be
   affected would be the built in time-delay ; I don't know
   how it determined the system clockspeed, but likely the
   source no longer exists or the divisors are WAY too
   inadequate.

   Haven't tried any GRAPHICS stuff though ... THAT may be
   the real challenge in VBox.

   Anyway, it's all good retro fun.

   Loading the IBM compilers was a bit tedious due the the
   way the installers liked to work - assumed you had a
   stack of floppies you would load one-by-one. The VBox
   "Devices" option lets you mount a floppy .img file so
   when it said "Load Disk 2" I'd have to go up there and
   change to the next .img file. Works though.  So far
   I have the IBM 'C' and PASCAL v2.0 working and could
   compile and link some improved "Hello World" tests.
   Can't find the Pas2.0 MANUAL though, just the 1.0.

   There are a number of features in that old IBM version
   you didn't see carried over into Turbo, I saw
   "labeled break/continue" type statements (the word
   isn't "continue" though), where you can bust out of
   a multi-level loop to any higher section. "BREAK LOOP2"
   and such stuff.

   My old boss bought IBM PASCAL, big money back then,
   and wrote exactly ONE "Hello World" with it (with
   massive commenting) and put it away. TP came out
   a year or two later, which I then used for almost
   all programs. IBM PASCAL is a TWO-pass compiler
   (and there's a third pass I'm not sure for WHAT
   included but apparently not usually necessary).

   I did stick with massively-commented code though,
   that way I can figure out how even 30 year old
   programs worked and why.

   Anyway, 'C' works - gotta build some batch files
   to make it easier though - and PASCAL. The LogiTech
   M2 compiler seems to go. I have not yet installed
   the DR-PL/I or IBM COBOL compilers.

   It's all happy running on a 250mb fake C: drive and
   sees 640kb of RAM (special drivers are needed to get
   to any RAM above that). PRINTING seems pretty much
   out of the question though ... I am flat out of
   serial printers and teletype machines and I DO
   remember the evils of DOS printer drivers  :-)

[toc] | [prev] | [next] | [standalone]


#32914

FromCharlie Gibbs <cgibbs@kltpzyxm.invalid>
Date2021-08-27 02:01 +0000
Message-ID<sg9h1r012bn@news4.newsguy.com>
In reply to#32855
On 2021-08-26, SixOverFive <hae274b.net> wrote:

> Drifting around today I found a few interesting antiques
> on the net. One was DOS-6.22 ... and a Turbo Pascal 6
> compiler that ran on it. Also got the MS Fortran/Pascal/COBOL
> and BASCOM for it. Even more interesting, remember when the
> IBM-PCs first came out ? They came with TWO floppies -
> IBM-DOS and CP/M-86. The originals had CP/M 1.0 while the
> closely-following PC-XTs came with CP/M 1.10 ...
> got BOTH to run inside VirtualBox. Even found an ancient
> Aztec 'C' compiler that'll make CP/M executables AND
> the (rather extensive) manual.

Hmm, I have an unopened copy of CP/M-86 version 2.
I'll get it uploaded to Bitsavers someday.

> Note, CP/M was rather CRAPPY. It wasn't even usually
> safe to try and append to files because the OS didn't
> keep track of how many bytes were in play.

CP/M stored file sizes in 128-byte sectors.  That's why
that control-Z byte was introduced: so you could tell
when you've hit the exact end of a text file.  Most
CP/M software was smart enough to overwrite the 0x1A
character when appending data.

MS-DOS stores the size of a file as an exact number of
bytes.  Unfortunately, it retained the control-Z character,
even though it was now unnecessary.  This has caused all
sorts of pain; for instance, if a byte in a text file gets
corrupted to 0x1A, the remainder of the file is lost.

I never had trouble appending to a CP/M file, but I did
encounter problems with MS-DOS version 3, which contained
a bug: when COMMAND.COM appended data to a text file
(e.g. "dir >>file.txt"), and the existing file ended
with a hex 1A, the hex 1A wasn't overwritten.  This meant
that all appended text, although physically present in
the file, would be inaccessible to any program reading it.

Although this bug was fixed in the next release, it was part
of my early introduction to Microsoft's quality standards -
"sort of works, most of the time" - which formed the philosophy 
of the most famous producer of crappy software in history.

-- 
/~\  Charlie Gibbs                  |  They don't understand Microsoft
\ /  <cgibbs@kltpzyxm.invalid>      |  has stolen their car and parked
 X   I'm really at ac.dekanfrus     |  a taxi in their driveway.
/ \  if you read it the right way.  |    -- Mayayana

[toc] | [prev] | [next] | [standalone]


#32916

FromThe Natural Philosopher <tnp@invalid.invalid>
Date2021-08-27 04:40 +0100
Message-ID<sg9ms8$itm$1@dont-email.me>
In reply to#32914
On 27/08/2021 03:01, Charlie Gibbs wrote:
> it was part
> of my early introduction to Microsoft's quality standards -
> "sort of works, most of the time" - which formed the philosophy
> of the most famous producer of crappy software in history.

'Designed to sell, not to work'....

-- 
"Corbyn talks about equality, justice, opportunity, health care, peace, 
community, compassion, investment, security, housing...."
"What kind of person is not interested in those things?"

"Jeremy Corbyn?"

[toc] | [prev] | [next] | [standalone]


#33060

FromSixOverFive <hae274c.net>
Date2021-09-02 00:15 -0400
Message-ID<f8KdnZO7S_NR0q38nZ2dnUU7-IfNnZ2d@earthlink.com>
In reply to#32914
On 8/26/21 10:01 PM, Charlie Gibbs wrote:
> On 2021-08-26, SixOverFive <hae274b.net> wrote:
> 
>> Drifting around today I found a few interesting antiques
>> on the net. One was DOS-6.22 ... and a Turbo Pascal 6
>> compiler that ran on it. Also got the MS Fortran/Pascal/COBOL
>> and BASCOM for it. Even more interesting, remember when the
>> IBM-PCs first came out ? They came with TWO floppies -
>> IBM-DOS and CP/M-86. The originals had CP/M 1.0 while the
>> closely-following PC-XTs came with CP/M 1.10 ...
>> got BOTH to run inside VirtualBox. Even found an ancient
>> Aztec 'C' compiler that'll make CP/M executables AND
>> the (rather extensive) manual.
> 
> Hmm, I have an unopened copy of CP/M-86 version 2.
> I'll get it uploaded to Bitsavers someday.

   I think v2, or at least 1.1, came with XPs.Archive
   has v1, and I've been playing with that.

   Try "winworld" for ancient DOS stuff. Found IBM-C v1
   and IBM-Pascal v2. Lots of Turbo/Borland pascals.
   Also got MS-C v6 (v7 *expects* Winders stuff) but
   haven't installed it yet.


>> Note, CP/M was rather CRAPPY. It wasn't even usually
>> safe to try and append to files because the OS didn't
>> keep track of how many bytes were in play.
> 
> CP/M stored file sizes in 128-byte sectors.  That's why
> that control-Z byte was introduced: so you could tell
> when you've hit the exact end of a text file.  Most
> CP/M software was smart enough to overwrite the 0x1A
> character when appending data.
> 
> MS-DOS stores the size of a file as an exact number of
> bytes.  Unfortunately, it retained the control-Z character,
> even though it was now unnecessary.  This has caused all
> sorts of pain; for instance, if a byte in a text file gets
> corrupted to 0x1A, the remainder of the file is lost.
> 
> I never had trouble appending to a CP/M file, but I did
> encounter problems with MS-DOS version 3, which contained
> a bug: when COMMAND.COM appended data to a text file
> (e.g. "dir >>file.txt"), and the existing file ended
> with a hex 1A, the hex 1A wasn't overwritten.  This meant
> that all appended text, although physically present in
> the file, would be inaccessible to any program reading it.

   I never ran into that, but clearly I *could* have.

   My fav was v5. 6.22 is ok too - but beyond that Winders
   was *expected* and you'll run into missing drivers and
   such.

> 
> Although this bug was fixed in the next release, it was part
> of my early introduction to Microsoft's quality standards -
> "sort of works, most of the time" - which formed the philosophy
> of the most famous producer of crappy software in history.
> 

   DOS was actually pretty good "quality" - the simplicity
   was a big help there.

   As Winders move in further and further though ... I think
   they just COULDN'T keep their heads wrapped around it all
   and, profits in mind, they didn't CARE. MS was THE Os
   (and yes, MS is well-invested in Apple) and the mindset
   was that the world does it THEIR way or NO way. PAY,
   and DON'T complain.

   Which was a good part of why I was a very early Linux
   person  :-)

   OK, not *that* early, the first one DID have X ...
   albeit a horrible kinda beta/alpha version. Had
   to do lots of edits to a LOT of config files just
   so it'd understand my mouse ..

[toc] | [prev] | [next] | [standalone]


#33063

FromCharlie Gibbs <cgibbs@kltpzyxm.invalid>
Date2021-09-02 06:02 +0000
Message-ID<sgppe306vn@news1.newsguy.com>
In reply to#33060
On 2021-09-02, SixOverFive <hae274c.net> wrote:

>    As Winders move in further and further though ... I think
>    they just COULDN'T keep their heads wrapped around it all
>    and, profits in mind, they didn't CARE. MS was THE Os
>    (and yes, MS is well-invested in Apple)

M$ gave Apple $150M to get the Department of Justice off their
backs.  They realized that that if Apple went down, they'd be
unable to defend themselves against accusations that they are
a monopoly.  They need Apple alive, but weak.

And then Apple got strong...

>    and the mindset
>    was that the world does it THEIR way or NO way. PAY,
>    and DON'T complain.

And now Apple acts that way too.

>    Which was a good part of why I was a very early Linux
>    person  :-)

I can use Windows and Apple systems, but Linux is the only
one in which I can actually feel comfortable.

-- 
/~\  Charlie Gibbs                  |  They don't understand Microsoft
\ /  <cgibbs@kltpzyxm.invalid>      |  has stolen their car and parked
 X   I'm really at ac.dekanfrus     |  a taxi in their driveway.
/ \  if you read it the right way.  |    -- Mayayana

[toc] | [prev] | [next] | [standalone]


#33074

FromSixOverFive <hae274c.net>
Date2021-09-03 02:37 -0400
Message-ID<tpudnTqkjOVaX6z8nZ2dnUU7-UvNnZ2d@earthlink.com>
In reply to#33063
On 9/2/21 2:02 AM, Charlie Gibbs wrote:
> On 2021-09-02, SixOverFive <hae274c.net> wrote:
> 
>>     As Winders move in further and further though ... I think
>>     they just COULDN'T keep their heads wrapped around it all
>>     and, profits in mind, they didn't CARE. MS was THE Os
>>     (and yes, MS is well-invested in Apple)
> 
> M$ gave Apple $150M to get the Department of Justice off their
> backs.  They realized that that if Apple went down, they'd be
> unable to defend themselves against accusations that they are
> a monopoly.  They need Apple alive, but weak.

   Yep, that was the politic of the time. Jobs and some
   others had paid their politicians to start anti-Trust
   proceedings on MS - and Bill, oddly, had forgotten
   to grease HIS reps.

   But he learned.

> And then Apple got strong...

   Well, relatively ....

>>     and the mindset
>>     was that the world does it THEIR way or NO way. PAY,
>>     and DON'T complain.
> 
> And now Apple acts that way too.

   Most ALWAYS did. Apple is a de-facto "closed
   system". However they cultivated the snooty
   elite ... clever PR campaigns ... so Apple
   users DON'T CARE how much 'heathen', affordable,
   software they're being denied. Paying double/triple
   shows how rich/important/stylish you are ! Apple
   products are the modern Rolex.

>>     Which was a good part of why I was a very early Linux
>>     person  :-)
> 
> I can use Windows and Apple systems, but Linux is the only
> one in which I can actually feel comfortable.

   I haven't had a Win/Apple "main system" in almost 20 YEARS.
   ALWAYS Linux. No XP, no Vistas, no 7/8/9/10s.

   I keep track of how to service/fix Winders crap, but I
   won't USE it myself.

   This is my brand-new SubNote ... came with Win-10. NEVER
   EVEN LET IT BOOT. Immediately installed MX instead. Now
   I have 80% of the little SSD free - instead of the 15%
   I'd have had with Win.

   One of my bigger concerns, these days especially, is how
   much Win/IOS *spy* on you. Shit, Apple has just added code
   to look for what it THINKS is kiddie porn on your system.
   Got a pic of your 2-year-old NOT wearing a burquah ... you
   are GUILTY - the robots SAY you are, can't debate them.
   They BOTH keep VAST caches/thumbnails the NSA and far worse
   can exploit. This is the Stasi horror times ten ..... ONLY
   bad things can result.

   Oh, for fun, search a Win-2K registry for "NSA"  :-)

[toc] | [prev] | [standalone]


Page 6 of 6 — ← Prev page 1 2 3 4 5 [6]

Back to top | Article view | comp.os.linux.misc


csiph-web