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Re: Side-effects [was Re: I am out of trial and error again Lists]

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Date Sun, 26 Oct 2014 17:42:06 +1100
Subject Re: Side-effects [was Re: I am out of trial and error again Lists]
From Chris Angelico <rosuav@gmail.com>
Cc "python-list@python.org" <python-list@python.org>
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On Sun, Oct 26, 2014 at 5:12 PM, Steven D'Aprano
<steve+comp.lang.python@pearwood.info> wrote:
> However, mutator methods on a class don't change global state, they change
> the state of an instance. Even random.random and friends don't change
> global state, they change a (hidden) instance, and you can create your own
> instances when needed. That gives you the convenience of pseudo-global
> state while still allowing the flexibility of having separate instances.
> Even global variables in Python are global to the module, not global to the
> entire application.

True, but they do still change state; I oversimplified a bit, but
certainly there are plenty of functions that change state in some way,
and are not frowned upon.

Module level variables really are global, though. You can't easily and
conveniently reinstantiate a module in Python; if you "import random;
random.seed(1234)", you can confidently expect that some other module
that uses random.random will be affected. Sure, there are ways around
that, but that's true of any form of global state - for a start, it's
usually "process level" state, in that spawning a new process will
isolate one from another. The only thing that isn't truly global is
the namespace; I can write "x = {}" and you can write "x = []" and
they don't collide. They're still global (process-level), it's just
that they're "foo.x" and "bar.x" and are thus distinct.

> I would say that Python is a pragmatic
> language which uses whatever idiom seems best at the time, but over all it
> prefers mutable state for compound objects, prefers immutable state for
> scalar objects (like numbers), and discourages the unnecessary use of
> global mutable state.

It's not really compound vs scalar, but yes, I agree. Practicality
beats purity, on so many levels. Functions with side effects aren't
considered some sort of weird beast that we have to permit for the
sake of I/O; they're a fundamental part of the language.

ChrisA

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I am out of trial and error again  Lists Seymore4Head <Seymore4Head@Hotmail.invalid> - 2014-10-22 16:30 -0400
  Re: I am out of trial and error again Lists Joel Goldstick <joel.goldstick@gmail.com> - 2014-10-22 16:57 -0400
    Re: I am out of trial and error again Lists Seymore4Head <Seymore4Head@Hotmail.invalid> - 2014-10-22 17:04 -0400
      Re: I am out of trial and error again Lists sohcahtoa82@gmail.com - 2014-10-22 14:35 -0700
        Re: I am out of trial and error again Lists Seymore4Head <Seymore4Head@Hotmail.invalid> - 2014-10-22 17:38 -0400
  Re: I am out of trial and error again Lists Mark Lawrence <breamoreboy@yahoo.co.uk> - 2014-10-22 22:28 +0100
  Re: I am out of trial and error again  Lists Seymore4Head <Seymore4Head@Hotmail.invalid> - 2014-10-22 18:30 -0400
    Re: I am out of trial and error again  Lists Seymore4Head <Seymore4Head@Hotmail.invalid> - 2014-10-22 18:32 -0400
    Re: I am out of trial and error again  Lists Mark Lawrence <breamoreboy@yahoo.co.uk> - 2014-10-22 23:55 +0100
      Re: I am out of trial and error again  Lists Seymore4Head <Seymore4Head@Hotmail.invalid> - 2014-10-22 19:26 -0400
        Re: I am out of trial and error again  Lists Mark Lawrence <breamoreboy@yahoo.co.uk> - 2014-10-23 00:44 +0100
          Re: I am out of trial and error again  Lists Seymore4Head <Seymore4Head@Hotmail.invalid> - 2014-10-22 20:02 -0400
            Re: I am out of trial and error again  Lists MRAB <python@mrabarnett.plus.com> - 2014-10-23 02:29 +0100
            Re: I am out of trial and error again  Lists alex23 <wuwei23@gmail.com> - 2014-10-23 11:37 +1000
              Re: I am out of trial and error again  Lists Seymore4Head <Seymore4Head@Hotmail.invalid> - 2014-10-22 21:52 -0400
            Re: I am out of trial and error again  Lists Larry Hudson <orgnut@yahoo.com> - 2014-10-22 19:58 -0700
              Re: I am out of trial and error again  Lists Seymore4Head <Seymore4Head@Hotmail.invalid> - 2014-10-22 23:05 -0400
              Re: I am out of trial and error again  Lists Rustom Mody <rustompmody@gmail.com> - 2014-10-22 20:16 -0700
              Re: I am out of trial and error again  Lists Terry Reedy <tjreedy@udel.edu> - 2014-10-23 02:31 -0400
    Re: I am out of trial and error again  Lists MRAB <python@mrabarnett.plus.com> - 2014-10-23 00:09 +0100
    Re: I am out of trial and error again  Lists Larry Hudson <orgnut@yahoo.com> - 2014-10-23 00:10 -0700
      Re: I am out of trial and error again  Lists Dennis Lee Bieber <wlfraed@ix.netcom.com> - 2014-10-23 09:23 -0400
        Re: I am out of trial and error again  Lists Seymore4Head <Seymore4Head@Hotmail.invalid> - 2014-10-23 10:00 -0400
          Re: I am out of trial and error again  Lists Dennis Lee Bieber <wlfraed@ix.netcom.com> - 2014-10-23 20:23 -0400
      Re: I am out of trial and error again  Lists Seymore4Head <Seymore4Head@Hotmail.invalid> - 2014-10-23 09:53 -0400
    Re: I am out of trial and error again  Lists Denis McMahon <denismfmcmahon@gmail.com> - 2014-10-23 09:15 +0000
      Re: I am out of trial and error again  Lists Seymore4Head <Seymore4Head@Hotmail.invalid> - 2014-10-23 10:04 -0400
        Re: I am out of trial and error again  Lists Denis McMahon <denismfmcmahon@gmail.com> - 2014-10-23 15:55 +0000
          Re: I am out of trial and error again  Lists Seymore4Head <Seymore4Head@Hotmail.invalid> - 2014-10-23 13:01 -0400
            Re: I am out of trial and error again  Lists Seymore4Head <Seymore4Head@Hotmail.invalid> - 2014-10-23 13:07 -0400
              Re: I am out of trial and error again Lists Ian Kelly <ian.g.kelly@gmail.com> - 2014-10-23 13:39 -0600
                Re: I am out of trial and error again Lists Seymore4Head <Seymore4Head@Hotmail.invalid> - 2014-10-23 16:15 -0400
                Re: I am out of trial and error again Lists Seymore4Head <Seymore4Head@Hotmail.invalid> - 2014-10-23 16:44 -0400
                Re: I am out of trial and error again Lists MRAB <python@mrabarnett.plus.com> - 2014-10-23 22:03 +0100
                Re: I am out of trial and error again Lists Larry Hudson <orgnut@yahoo.com> - 2014-10-23 19:13 -0700
              Re: I am out of trial and error again Lists Terry Reedy <tjreedy@udel.edu> - 2014-10-23 23:14 -0400
              Re: I am out of trial and error again Lists Chris Angelico <rosuav@gmail.com> - 2014-10-24 14:32 +1100
            Re: I am out of trial and error again  Lists Rustom Mody <rustompmody@gmail.com> - 2014-10-23 21:56 -0700
              Re: I am out of trial and error again  Lists Seymore4Head <Seymore4Head@Hotmail.invalid> - 2014-10-24 10:38 -0400
                Re: I am out of trial and error again Lists Chris Angelico <rosuav@gmail.com> - 2014-10-25 01:51 +1100
                Re: I am out of trial and error again Lists Seymore4Head <Seymore4Head@Hotmail.invalid> - 2014-10-24 11:04 -0400
                Re: I am out of trial and error again Lists Chris Angelico <rosuav@gmail.com> - 2014-10-25 02:13 +1100
                Re: I am out of trial and error again  Lists Rustom Mody <rustompmody@gmail.com> - 2014-10-24 08:56 -0700
                Re: I am out of trial and error again Lists Ian Kelly <ian.g.kelly@gmail.com> - 2014-10-24 10:35 -0600
                Re: I am out of trial and error again Lists Rustom Mody <rustompmody@gmail.com> - 2014-10-24 10:10 -0700
                Re: I am out of trial and error again  Lists Seymore4Head <Seymore4Head@Hotmail.invalid> - 2014-10-24 12:37 -0400
                Re: I am out of trial and error again Lists Chris Angelico <rosuav@gmail.com> - 2014-10-25 03:47 +1100
                Re: I am out of trial and error again Lists Rustom Mody <rustompmody@gmail.com> - 2014-10-24 09:56 -0700
                Re: I am out of trial and error again Lists Seymore4Head <Seymore4Head@Hotmail.invalid> - 2014-10-24 13:03 -0400
                Re: I am out of trial and error again Lists "Albert Visser" <albert.visser@gmail.com> - 2014-10-24 19:18 +0200
                Re: I am out of trial and error again Lists Seymore4Head <Seymore4Head@Hotmail.invalid> - 2014-10-24 13:23 -0400
                Re: I am out of trial and error again Lists Rustom Mody <rustompmody@gmail.com> - 2014-10-24 10:42 -0700
                Re: I am out of trial and error again Lists Seymore4Head <Seymore4Head@Hotmail.invalid> - 2014-10-24 13:42 -0400
                Re: I am out of trial and error again Lists Ian Kelly <ian.g.kelly@gmail.com> - 2014-10-24 11:52 -0600
                Re: I am out of trial and error again Lists Seymore4Head <Seymore4Head@Hotmail.invalid> - 2014-10-24 14:15 -0400
                Re: I am out of trial and error again Lists Seymore4Head <Seymore4Head@Hotmail.invalid> - 2014-10-24 14:20 -0400
                Re: I am out of trial and error again Lists Mark Lawrence <breamoreboy@yahoo.co.uk> - 2014-10-24 19:40 +0100
                Re: I am out of trial and error again Lists Seymore4Head <Seymore4Head@Hotmail.invalid> - 2014-10-24 15:07 -0400
                Re: I am out of trial and error again Lists Denis McMahon <denismfmcmahon@gmail.com> - 2014-10-24 21:49 +0000
                Re: I am out of trial and error again Lists Larry Hudson <orgnut@yahoo.com> - 2014-10-24 23:46 -0700
                Re: I am out of trial and error again Lists Ian Kelly <ian.g.kelly@gmail.com> - 2014-10-25 08:17 -0600
                Re: I am out of trial and error again Lists Dennis Lee Bieber <wlfraed@ix.netcom.com> - 2014-10-25 14:47 -0400
                Re: I am out of trial and error again Lists sohcahtoa82@gmail.com - 2014-10-24 11:57 -0700
                Re: I am out of trial and error again Lists Seymore4Head <Seymore4Head@Hotmail.invalid> - 2014-10-24 15:09 -0400
                Re: I am out of trial and error again Lists sohcahtoa82@gmail.com - 2014-10-24 12:25 -0700
                Re: I am out of trial and error again Lists Seymore4Head <Seymore4Head@Hotmail.invalid> - 2014-10-24 15:33 -0400
                Re: I am out of trial and error again Lists sohcahtoa82@gmail.com - 2014-10-24 12:55 -0700
                Re: I am out of trial and error again Lists Seymore4Head <Seymore4Head@Hotmail.invalid> - 2014-10-24 16:00 -0400
                Re: I am out of trial and error again Lists Denis McMahon <denismfmcmahon@gmail.com> - 2014-10-24 21:19 +0000
                Re: I am out of trial and error again Lists Seymore4Head <Seymore4Head@Hotmail.invalid> - 2014-10-24 17:35 -0400
                Re: I am out of trial and error again Lists Denis McMahon <denismfmcmahon@gmail.com> - 2014-10-24 23:23 +0000
                Re: I am out of trial and error again Lists Dennis Lee Bieber <wlfraed@ix.netcom.com> - 2014-10-25 14:37 -0400
                Re: I am out of trial and error again Lists Mark Lawrence <breamoreboy@yahoo.co.uk> - 2014-10-24 19:33 +0100
                Re: I am out of trial and error again  Lists Rustom Mody <rustompmody@gmail.com> - 2014-10-24 09:54 -0700
                Re: I am out of trial and error again  Lists Seymore4Head <Seymore4Head@Hotmail.invalid> - 2014-10-24 13:04 -0400
                Re: I am out of trial and error again  Lists Rustom Mody <rustompmody@gmail.com> - 2014-10-24 10:17 -0700
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                Re: I am out of trial and error again  Lists Rustom Mody <rustompmody@gmail.com> - 2014-10-24 16:01 -0700
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                Re: I am out of trial and error again  Lists alister <alister.nospam.ware@ntlworld.com> - 2014-10-24 21:07 +0000
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                Re: I am out of trial and error again  Lists Denis McMahon <denismfmcmahon@gmail.com> - 2014-10-24 21:48 +0000
                Re: I am out of trial and error again  Lists Seymore4Head <Seymore4Head@Hotmail.invalid> - 2014-10-24 18:14 -0400
                Re: I am out of trial and error again  Lists Grant Edwards <invalid@invalid.invalid> - 2014-10-25 15:01 +0000
                Re: I am out of trial and error again  Lists Denis McMahon <denismfmcmahon@gmail.com> - 2014-10-25 20:51 +0000
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                Re: I am out of trial and error again  Lists Seymore4Head <Seymore4Head@Hotmail.invalid> - 2014-10-24 22:41 -0400
                Re: I am out of trial and error again  Lists Mark Lawrence <breamoreboy@yahoo.co.uk> - 2014-10-25 08:25 +0100
                Re: I am out of trial and error again  Lists Dennis Lee Bieber <wlfraed@ix.netcom.com> - 2014-10-25 15:10 -0400
                Re: I am out of trial and error again  Lists Dennis Lee Bieber <wlfraed@ix.netcom.com> - 2014-10-25 14:23 -0400
                Re: I am out of trial and error again  Lists Seymore4Head <Seymore4Head@Hotmail.invalid> - 2014-10-25 14:42 -0400
                Re: I am out of trial and error again  Lists Terry Reedy <tjreedy@udel.edu> - 2014-10-25 18:48 -0400
                Re: I am out of trial and error again  Lists Mark Lawrence <breamoreboy@yahoo.co.uk> - 2014-10-26 00:25 +0100
                Re: I am out of trial and error again  Lists Dennis Lee Bieber <wlfraed@ix.netcom.com> - 2014-10-26 01:08 -0400
                Re: I am out of trial and error again  Lists Terry Reedy <tjreedy@udel.edu> - 2014-10-26 17:44 -0400
                Re: I am out of trial and error again  Lists Dennis Lee Bieber <wlfraed@ix.netcom.com> - 2014-10-26 20:57 -0400
  Re: I am out of trial and error again  Lists Denis McMahon <denismfmcmahon@gmail.com> - 2014-10-22 22:43 +0000
    Re: I am out of trial and error again  Lists Seymore4Head <Seymore4Head@Hotmail.invalid> - 2014-10-22 19:11 -0400
      The “trials” in “trial and error” should be as simple as possible (was: I am out of trial and error again  Lists) Ben Finney <ben+python@benfinney.id.au> - 2014-10-23 10:59 +1100
      Re: I am out of trial and error again  Lists Steven D'Aprano <steve+comp.lang.python@pearwood.info> - 2014-10-23 11:05 +1100
        Re: I am out of trial and error again  Lists Seymore4Head <Seymore4Head@Hotmail.invalid> - 2014-10-22 20:10 -0400
          Re: I am out of trial and error again  Lists MRAB <python@mrabarnett.plus.com> - 2014-10-23 02:31 +0100
            Re: I am out of trial and error again  Lists Seymore4Head <Seymore4Head@Hotmail.invalid> - 2014-10-22 21:35 -0400
              Re: I am out of trial and error again  Lists Seymore4Head <Seymore4Head@Hotmail.invalid> - 2014-10-22 21:57 -0400
                Re: I am out of trial and error again  Lists Mark Lawrence <breamoreboy@yahoo.co.uk> - 2014-10-23 08:20 +0100
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    Re: I am out of trial and error again  Lists Seymore4Head <Seymore4Head@Hotmail.invalid> - 2014-10-24 10:47 -0400
      Re: I am out of trial and error again  Lists mm0fmf <none@mailinator.com> - 2014-10-24 22:06 +0100
  Re: I am out of trial and error again  Lists Mark Lawrence <breamoreboy@yahoo.co.uk> - 2014-10-24 09:12 +0100
    Re: I am out of trial and error again  Lists Seymore4Head <Seymore4Head@Hotmail.invalid> - 2014-10-24 10:48 -0400
  Re: I am out of trial and error again  Lists Seymore4Head <Seymore4Head@Hotmail.invalid> - 2014-10-24 18:26 -0400
  Re: I am out of trial and error again  Lists Seymore4Head <Seymore4Head@Hotmail.invalid> - 2014-10-24 18:58 -0400
    Re: I am out of trial and error again  Lists Rustom Mody <rustompmody@gmail.com> - 2014-10-24 16:27 -0700
      Re: I am out of trial and error again  Lists Seymore4Head <Seymore4Head@Hotmail.invalid> - 2014-10-24 19:48 -0400
        Re: I am out of trial and error again  Lists Seymore4Head <Seymore4Head@Hotmail.invalid> - 2014-10-24 19:57 -0400
          Re: I am out of trial and error again  Lists MRAB <python@mrabarnett.plus.com> - 2014-10-25 01:20 +0100
            Re: I am out of trial and error again  Lists Seymore4Head <Seymore4Head@Hotmail.invalid> - 2014-10-24 20:37 -0400
              Re: I am out of trial and error again  Lists Cameron Simpson <cs@zip.com.au> - 2014-10-25 11:52 +1100
        Re: I am out of trial and error again  Lists Rustom Mody <rustompmody@gmail.com> - 2014-10-24 20:46 -0700
          Re: I am out of trial and error again  Lists Rustom Mody <rustompmody@gmail.com> - 2014-10-24 21:09 -0700
            Re: I am out of trial and error again  Lists Ben Finney <ben+python@benfinney.id.au> - 2014-10-25 15:25 +1100
              Re: I am out of trial and error again  Lists Rustom Mody <rustompmody@gmail.com> - 2014-10-24 22:40 -0700
                Re: I am out of trial and error again Lists Chris Angelico <rosuav@gmail.com> - 2014-10-25 16:49 +1100
                Re: I am out of trial and error again Lists Rustom Mody <rustompmody@gmail.com> - 2014-10-24 22:55 -0700
                Re: I am out of trial and error again Lists Chris Angelico <rosuav@gmail.com> - 2014-10-25 17:03 +1100
                Re: I am out of trial and error again Lists Steven D'Aprano <steve+comp.lang.python@pearwood.info> - 2014-10-25 18:44 +1100
                Re: I am out of trial and error again Lists Rustom Mody <rustompmody@gmail.com> - 2014-10-25 10:24 -0700
                Side-effects [was Re: I am out of trial and error again Lists] Steven D'Aprano <steve+comp.lang.python@pearwood.info> - 2014-10-26 17:12 +1100
                Re: Side-effects [was Re: I am out of trial and error again Lists] Chris Angelico <rosuav@gmail.com> - 2014-10-26 17:42 +1100
          Re: I am out of trial and error again  Lists giacomo boffi <pecore@pascolo.net> - 2014-10-27 22:26 +0100
    Re: I am out of trial and error again  Lists Mark Lawrence <breamoreboy@yahoo.co.uk> - 2014-10-25 00:27 +0100
    Re: I am out of trial and error again  Lists Denis McMahon <denismfmcmahon@gmail.com> - 2014-10-24 23:35 +0000
  Re: I am out of trial and error again  Lists Seymore4Head <Seymore4Head@Hotmail.invalid> - 2014-10-24 20:15 -0400
    Re: I am out of trial and error again  Lists Denis McMahon <denismfmcmahon@gmail.com> - 2014-10-25 22:15 +0000

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