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Groups > comp.lang.python > #104726

Re: Encapsulation in Python

From Chris Angelico <rosuav@gmail.com>
Newsgroups comp.lang.python
Subject Re: Encapsulation in Python
Date 2016-03-13 08:10 +1100
Message-ID <mailman.44.1457817037.12893.python-list@python.org> (permalink)
References <56E17985.7060002@benmezger.nl> <mailman.139.1457623672.15725.python-list@python.org> <6984dafc-fffd-4d46-a173-421bb5c142d2@googlegroups.com> <dkh7i8Frq0gU1@mid.individual.net> <a619fe22-7152-4da6-b571-3efc29914936@googlegroups.com>

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On Sun, Mar 13, 2016 at 3:49 AM, Rick Johnson
<rantingrickjohnson@gmail.com> wrote:
> Imagine this scenario:
>
>     ####################
>     # currentModule.py #
>     ####################
>     from modX import foo
>
>     def bar():
>         return foo()
>
>     ###########
>     # modX.py #
>     ###########
>     from modY import foo
>
>     ###########
>     # modY.py #
>     ###########
>     from modZ import foo
>
>     ###########
>     # modZ.py #
>     ###########
>     def foo():
>         return 'O:-)'
>
> I'll admit this is a highly contrived example, but it is not
> invalid in anyway, and could therefore exist in reality.

I've never seen public symbols deliberately being imported through
multiple levels like this. The most I've seen is __init__.py pulling
stuff in from one of its modules (eg "from .constants import *"), or a
Python module importing from its accelerator ("from _socket import
*"). In theory, I suppose you could have both at once, but that's the
most you'd ever get, and the three would be very tightly coupled.
Otherwise, this simply doesn't happen.

Also, if currentModule.py is pulling foo from modX, then modZ.py is an
implementation detail. You don't necessarily want to go straight
there; tracing the chain is more likely to be the correct behaviour.
Suppose modX.py actually looks like this:

if 'posix' in some_magic:
    import posixY as modY
elif 'nt' in some_magic:
    import ntY as modY
else:
    raise ImportError

The correct way to find out where modX.foo comes from is to look at
this block, not to jump right through it. Law of Demeter - you take
things one step at a time (unless there's a good reason).

ChrisA

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Thread

Re: Encapsulation in Python Ian Kelly <ian.g.kelly@gmail.com> - 2016-03-10 08:27 -0700
  Re: Encapsulation in Python Rick Johnson <rantingrickjohnson@gmail.com> - 2016-03-10 16:45 -0800
    Re: Encapsulation in Python Ian Kelly <ian.g.kelly@gmail.com> - 2016-03-11 08:47 -0700
      Re: Encapsulation in Python Rick Johnson <rantingrickjohnson@gmail.com> - 2016-03-11 18:39 -0800
        Re: Encapsulation in Python Ian Kelly <ian.g.kelly@gmail.com> - 2016-03-12 09:44 -0700
          Re: Encapsulation in Python Rick Johnson <rantingrickjohnson@gmail.com> - 2016-03-12 19:11 -0800
          Re: Encapsulation in Python Steven D'Aprano <steve@pearwood.info> - 2016-03-13 21:11 +1100
            Re: Encapsulation in Python Rick Johnson <rantingrickjohnson@gmail.com> - 2016-03-14 10:32 -0700
              Re: Encapsulation in Python Ian Kelly <ian.g.kelly@gmail.com> - 2016-03-14 15:09 -0600
              Re: Encapsulation in Python Mark Lawrence <breamoreboy@yahoo.co.uk> - 2016-03-14 21:23 +0000
                Re: Encapsulation in Python BartC <bc@freeuk.com> - 2016-03-14 22:07 +0000
                Re: Encapsulation in Python Mark Lawrence <breamoreboy@yahoo.co.uk> - 2016-03-14 22:20 +0000
                Re: Encapsulation in Python BartC <bc@freeuk.com> - 2016-03-14 22:40 +0000
                Re: Encapsulation in Python Mark Lawrence <breamoreboy@yahoo.co.uk> - 2016-03-14 23:19 +0000
                Re: Encapsulation in Python BartC <bc@freeuk.com> - 2016-03-14 23:56 +0000
                Re: Encapsulation in Python Chris Angelico <rosuav@gmail.com> - 2016-03-15 11:12 +1100
                Re: Encapsulation in Python BartC <bc@freeuk.com> - 2016-03-15 00:54 +0000
                Re: Encapsulation in Python Chris Angelico <rosuav@gmail.com> - 2016-03-15 11:58 +1100
                Re: Encapsulation in Python BartC <bc@freeuk.com> - 2016-03-15 01:22 +0000
                Re: Encapsulation in Python Chris Angelico <rosuav@gmail.com> - 2016-03-15 13:02 +1100
                Re: Encapsulation in Python Mark Lawrence <breamoreboy@yahoo.co.uk> - 2016-03-15 00:28 +0000
                Re: Encapsulation in Python BartC <bc@freeuk.com> - 2016-03-15 01:10 +0000
                Re: Encapsulation in Python Chris Angelico <rosuav@gmail.com> - 2016-03-15 12:23 +1100
                Re: Encapsulation in Python Mark Lawrence <breamoreboy@yahoo.co.uk> - 2016-03-15 04:41 +0000
                Re: Encapsulation in Python rurpy@yahoo.com - 2016-03-14 17:17 -0700
                Re: Encapsulation in Python Chris Angelico <rosuav@gmail.com> - 2016-03-15 11:25 +1100
                Re: Encapsulation in Python Steven D'Aprano <steve@pearwood.info> - 2016-03-15 13:06 +1100
                Re: Encapsulation in Python Chris Angelico <rosuav@gmail.com> - 2016-03-15 13:14 +1100
                Re: Encapsulation in Python Steven D'Aprano <steve@pearwood.info> - 2016-03-15 13:40 +1100
                Re: Encapsulation in Python Rick Johnson <rantingrickjohnson@gmail.com> - 2016-03-14 21:08 -0700
                Re: Encapsulation in Python Mark Lawrence <breamoreboy@yahoo.co.uk> - 2016-03-15 00:47 +0000
                Re: Encapsulation in Python Steven D'Aprano <steve@pearwood.info> - 2016-03-15 13:46 +1100
                Re: Encapsulation in Python Chris Angelico <rosuav@gmail.com> - 2016-03-15 11:56 +1100
                Re: Encapsulation in Python Mark Lawrence <breamoreboy@yahoo.co.uk> - 2016-03-15 04:36 +0000
                Re: Encapsulation in Python Steven D'Aprano <steve@pearwood.info> - 2016-03-15 13:01 +1100
                Re: Encapsulation in Python Mark Lawrence <breamoreboy@yahoo.co.uk> - 2016-03-15 04:45 +0000
                Re: Encapsulation in Python Christian Gollwitzer <auriocus@gmx.de> - 2016-03-15 22:02 +0100
                Re: Encapsulation in Python BartC <bc@freeuk.com> - 2016-03-16 00:39 +0000
                Re: Encapsulation in Python BartC <bc@freeuk.com> - 2016-03-16 22:58 +0000
        Re: Encapsulation in Python sohcahtoa82@gmail.com - 2016-03-14 11:11 -0700
          Re: Encapsulation in Python Rick Johnson <rantingrickjohnson@gmail.com> - 2016-03-14 23:09 -0700
      Re: Encapsulation in Python Rick Johnson <rantingrickjohnson@gmail.com> - 2016-03-11 18:56 -0800
    Re: Encapsulation in Python Gregory Ewing <greg.ewing@canterbury.ac.nz> - 2016-03-12 13:52 +1300
      Re: Encapsulation in Python Rick Johnson <rantingrickjohnson@gmail.com> - 2016-03-12 08:49 -0800
        Re: Encapsulation in Python Chris Angelico <rosuav@gmail.com> - 2016-03-13 08:10 +1100
          Re: Encapsulation in Python Rick Johnson <rantingrickjohnson@gmail.com> - 2016-03-12 19:36 -0800
            Re: Encapsulation in Python Chris Angelico <rosuav@gmail.com> - 2016-03-13 15:05 +1100
        Re: Encapsulation in Python Gregory Ewing <greg.ewing@canterbury.ac.nz> - 2016-03-14 12:35 +1300
          Re: Encapsulation in Python Rick Johnson <rantingrickjohnson@gmail.com> - 2016-03-14 15:55 -0700

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