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Groups > comp.lang.python > #99138

Re: What is a function parameter =[] for?

From BartC <bc@freeuk.com>
Newsgroups comp.lang.python
Subject Re: What is a function parameter =[] for?
Date 2015-11-20 11:59 +0000
Organization A noiseless patient Spider
Message-ID <n2n1qp$m35$1@dont-email.me> (permalink)
References (3 earlier) <564dbe6b$0$1610$c3e8da3$5496439d@news.astraweb.com> <n2ki4t$aqj$1@dont-email.me> <564df258$0$1604$c3e8da3$5496439d@news.astraweb.com> <n2l0s3$5l6$1@dont-email.me> <564e71f6$0$1619$c3e8da3$5496439d@news.astraweb.com>

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On 20/11/2015 01:05, Steven D'Aprano wrote:
> On Fri, 20 Nov 2015 04:30 am, BartC wrote:
>
>> On 19/11/2015 16:01, Steven D'Aprano wrote:
> [...]
>
>> The whole concept of 'mutable' default is alien to me. A default is just
>> a convenient device to avoid having to write:
>>
>>     fn(0) or fn("") or fn([])
>
> Says who?

People who want to avoid having to write:

      fn(0) or fn("") or fn([])

> Here's another use for function defaults, as static storage:
>
>
> # Ackermann's function
> def ack(m, n, _memo={}):
>      key = m, n
>      if key not in _memo:
>          if m==0: v = n + 1
>          elif n==0: v = ack(m-1, 1)
>          else: v = ack(m-1, ack(m, n-1))
>          _memo[key] = v
>      return _memo[key]
>
>
> This is a quick and easy way to memoise a function which would otherwise be
> horribly slow. And it only works because _memo is bound to a mutable object
> once, and once only.

We're arguing at cross-purposes then since you are obviously interested 
in these esoteric aspects, but all I want to do is avoid remembering a 
long list of defaults. Here's an example from another language, a 
function I'm working on at the minute:

function asklist(caption,&data,n=1, rows=10, width=50, flags="",
                  buttons=(), tablist=(), heading="")=

9 parameters, 7 of them optional. This is designed to be used with 
keyword arguments which is where the default values come into their own, 
as you don't need to remember positional order either.

Very basic stuff and very obvious what it's for. Notice some defaults 
are () (empty lists here), which are the ones that cause bother in Python.

(Here, however, the language doesn't like you doing in-place 
modification of a parameter unless the '&' is used, in which case you 
wouldn't be able to assign a default value such as () as you can only 
pass l-values.)


> def test(arg=[]):
>      arg.append(1)
>      return len(arg)
>
>
> The binding arg=[] is NOT inside the body of the function. Therefore, it is
> NOT executed repeatedly, but only once.

OK, so the "=" is misleading if not a lie.

>> So you didn't bother reading the LRM either!
>
> LRM? Left Right Manual?

Language Reference Manual.

>>>> That [] doesn't look like an object that could change.
>>>
>>> Of course it does.
>>
>> You've lost me know.

> a = []
> a.append(1)
>
> Are you shocked to learn that a is no longer an empty list?

No. But I would be surprised if, after this point, [] is no longer an 
empty list either!

No, forget that; by now, I wouldn't be surprised at all!

(That [] isn't changed is probably thanks to [] being implemented with 
the BUILD_LIST byte-code, which constructs a brand-new empty list each 
time. So the next time [] is used, it will be a different one from the 
one that has just been appended to.

In my language, a construct such as [10,20,30] is evaluated just once at 
start-up. If Python did the same, then I suspect such a literal could 
conceivably be changed if just "=" was used to ______[1] it to 'a'.)

([1] To avoid further argument, insert your own choice of jargon here.)

-- 
Bartc

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Thread

What is a function parameter =[] for? fl <rxjwg98@gmail.com> - 2015-11-18 13:08 -0800
  Re: What is a function parameter =[] for? John Gordon <gordon@panix.com> - 2015-11-18 22:05 +0000
  Re: What is a function parameter =[] for? Ian Kelly <ian.g.kelly@gmail.com> - 2015-11-18 15:11 -0700
    Re: What is a function parameter =[] for? Grant Edwards <invalid@invalid.invalid> - 2015-11-18 22:33 +0000
    Re: What is a function parameter =[] for? fl <rxjwg98@gmail.com> - 2015-11-18 14:38 -0800
      Re: What is a function parameter =[] for? Ian Kelly <ian.g.kelly@gmail.com> - 2015-11-18 15:47 -0700
      Re: What is a function parameter =[] for? fl <rxjwg98@gmail.com> - 2015-11-18 14:48 -0800
    Re: What is a function parameter =[] for? BartC <bc@freeuk.com> - 2015-11-18 23:14 +0000
      Re: What is a function parameter =[] for? Chris Angelico <rosuav@gmail.com> - 2015-11-19 10:22 +1100
        Re: What is a function parameter =[] for? BartC <bc@freeuk.com> - 2015-11-19 01:41 +0000
          Re: What is a function parameter =[] for? Chris Angelico <rosuav@gmail.com> - 2015-11-19 12:59 +1100
            Re: What is a function parameter =[] for? BartC <bc@freeuk.com> - 2015-11-19 11:41 +0000
              Re: What is a function parameter =[] for? Chris Angelico <rosuav@gmail.com> - 2015-11-19 22:58 +1100
              Re: What is a function parameter =[] for? Steven D'Aprano <steve@pearwood.info> - 2015-11-19 23:45 +1100
                Re: What is a function parameter =[] for? Ian Kelly <ian.g.kelly@gmail.com> - 2015-11-19 08:42 -0700
                Re: What is a function parameter =[] for? Steven D'Aprano <steve@pearwood.info> - 2015-11-22 14:58 +1100
                Re: What is a function parameter =[] for? Antoon Pardon <antoon.pardon@rece.vub.ac.be> - 2015-11-24 13:38 +0100
                Re: What is a function parameter =[] for? Steven D'Aprano <steve@pearwood.info> - 2015-11-25 04:29 +1100
          Re: What is a function parameter =[] for? Ben Finney <ben+python@benfinney.id.au> - 2015-11-19 13:08 +1100
          Re: What is a function parameter =[] for? Chris Angelico <rosuav@gmail.com> - 2015-11-19 13:15 +1100
      Re: What is a function parameter =[] for? Ian Kelly <ian.g.kelly@gmail.com> - 2015-11-18 17:02 -0700
      Re: What is a function parameter =[] for? Chris Angelico <rosuav@gmail.com> - 2015-11-19 11:14 +1100
        Re: What is a function parameter =[] for? fl <rxjwg98@gmail.com> - 2015-11-18 16:34 -0800
          Re: What is a function parameter =[] for? Ian Kelly <ian.g.kelly@gmail.com> - 2015-11-18 17:52 -0700
          Re: What is a function parameter =[] for? MRAB <python@mrabarnett.plus.com> - 2015-11-19 01:02 +0000
          Re: What is a function parameter =[] for? Ben Finney <ben+python@benfinney.id.au> - 2015-11-19 12:26 +1100
          Re: What is a function parameter =[] for? Steven D'Aprano <steve@pearwood.info> - 2015-11-19 22:38 +1100
      Re: What is a function parameter =[] for? Steven D'Aprano <steve@pearwood.info> - 2015-11-19 23:19 +1100
        Re: What is a function parameter =[] for? BartC <bc@freeuk.com> - 2015-11-19 13:19 +0000
          Re: What is a function parameter =[] for? Chris Angelico <rosuav@gmail.com> - 2015-11-20 00:45 +1100
          Re: What is a function parameter =[] for? Dennis Lee Bieber <wlfraed@ix.netcom.com> - 2015-11-19 09:05 -0500
          Re: What is a function parameter =[] for? Steven D'Aprano <steve@pearwood.info> - 2015-11-20 03:01 +1100
            Re: What is a function parameter =[] for? Chris Angelico <rosuav@gmail.com> - 2015-11-20 04:30 +1100
            Re: What is a function parameter =[] for? BartC <bc@freeuk.com> - 2015-11-19 17:30 +0000
              Re: What is a function parameter =[] for? Chris Angelico <rosuav@gmail.com> - 2015-11-20 04:45 +1100
                Re: What is a function parameter =[] for? BartC <bc@freeuk.com> - 2015-11-19 18:19 +0000
                Re: What is a function parameter =[] for? Mark Lawrence <breamoreboy@yahoo.co.uk> - 2015-11-19 18:26 +0000
                Re: What is a function parameter =[] for? BartC <bc@freeuk.com> - 2015-11-19 18:50 +0000
                Re: What is a function parameter =[] for? Chris Angelico <rosuav@gmail.com> - 2015-11-20 06:09 +1100
                Re: What is a function parameter =[] for? BartC <bc@freeuk.com> - 2015-11-19 19:48 +0000
                Re: What is a function parameter =[] for? Chris Angelico <rosuav@gmail.com> - 2015-11-20 06:58 +1100
                Re: What is a function parameter =[] for? Steven D'Aprano <steve@pearwood.info> - 2015-11-20 11:26 +1100
                Re: What is a function parameter =[] for? Ned Batchelder <ned@nedbatchelder.com> - 2015-11-19 16:36 -0800
                Re: What is a function parameter =[] for? Laura Creighton <lac@openend.se> - 2015-11-20 02:00 +0100
                Re: What is a function parameter =[] for? Ian Kelly <ian.g.kelly@gmail.com> - 2015-11-19 17:59 -0700
                Re: What is a function parameter =[] for? Marko Rauhamaa <marko@pacujo.net> - 2015-11-19 20:39 +0200
                Re: What is a function parameter =[] for? Ian Kelly <ian.g.kelly@gmail.com> - 2015-11-19 11:42 -0700
                Re: What is a function parameter =[] for? Oscar Benjamin <oscar.j.benjamin@gmail.com> - 2015-11-19 18:44 +0000
                Re: What is a function parameter =[] for? Chris Angelico <rosuav@gmail.com> - 2015-11-20 06:19 +1100
                Re: What is a function parameter =[] for? BartC <bc@freeuk.com> - 2015-11-19 21:21 +0000
                Re: What is a function parameter =[] for? Michael Torrie <torriem@gmail.com> - 2015-11-19 15:55 -0700
                Re: What is a function parameter =[] for? BartC <bc@freeuk.com> - 2015-11-20 00:11 +0000
                Re: What is a function parameter =[] for? Ned Batchelder <ned@nedbatchelder.com> - 2015-11-19 16:27 -0800
                Re: What is a function parameter =[] for? Antoon Pardon <antoon.pardon@rece.vub.ac.be> - 2015-11-24 14:43 +0100
                Re: What is a function parameter =[] for? Chris Angelico <rosuav@gmail.com> - 2015-11-25 01:00 +1100
                Re: What is a function parameter =[] for? Antoon Pardon <antoon.pardon@rece.vub.ac.be> - 2015-11-24 15:24 +0100
                Re: What is a function parameter =[] for? Chris Angelico <rosuav@gmail.com> - 2015-11-25 01:34 +1100
                Re: What is a function parameter =[] for? Antoon Pardon <antoon.pardon@rece.vub.ac.be> - 2015-11-24 16:01 +0100
                Re: What is a function parameter =[] for? Antoon Pardon <antoon.pardon@rece.vub.ac.be> - 2015-11-24 16:03 +0100
                Re: What is a function parameter =[] for? Antoon Pardon <antoon.pardon@rece.vub.ac.be> - 2015-11-24 16:12 +0100
                Re: What is a function parameter =[] for? Chris Angelico <rosuav@gmail.com> - 2015-11-25 02:17 +1100
                Re: What is a function parameter =[] for? Steven D'Aprano <steve@pearwood.info> - 2015-11-25 04:54 +1100
                Re: What is a function parameter =[] for? Antoon Pardon <antoon.pardon@rece.vub.ac.be> - 2015-11-24 16:46 +0100
                Re: What is a function parameter =[] for? Chris Angelico <rosuav@gmail.com> - 2015-11-25 02:48 +1100
                Re: What is a function parameter =[] for? Random832 <random832@fastmail.com> - 2015-11-24 16:28 +0000
                Re: What is a function parameter =[] for? Chris Angelico <rosuav@gmail.com> - 2015-11-25 03:38 +1100
                Re: What is a function parameter =[] for? Antoon Pardon <antoon.pardon@rece.vub.ac.be> - 2015-11-24 17:41 +0100
                Re: What is a function parameter =[] for? Ian Kelly <ian.g.kelly@gmail.com> - 2015-11-24 09:56 -0700
                Re: What is a function parameter =[] for? Antoon Pardon <antoon.pardon@rece.vub.ac.be> - 2015-11-24 18:32 +0100
                Re: What is a function parameter =[] for? Ian Kelly <ian.g.kelly@gmail.com> - 2015-11-24 10:53 -0700
                Re: What is a function parameter =[] for? Ian Kelly <ian.g.kelly@gmail.com> - 2015-11-24 11:04 -0700
                Re: What is a function parameter =[] for? Antoon Pardon <antoon.pardon@rece.vub.ac.be> - 2015-11-24 19:45 +0100
                Re: What is a function parameter =[] for? Ned Batchelder <ned@nedbatchelder.com> - 2015-11-24 10:54 -0800
                Re: What is a function parameter =[] for? Random832 <random832@fastmail.com> - 2015-11-24 19:00 +0000
                Re: What is a function parameter =[] for? Steven D'Aprano <steve@pearwood.info> - 2015-11-25 11:34 +1100
                Re: What is a function parameter =[] for? Ian Kelly <ian.g.kelly@gmail.com> - 2015-11-24 12:15 -0700
                Re: What is a function parameter =[] for? Ian Kelly <ian.g.kelly@gmail.com> - 2015-11-24 12:15 -0700
                Re: What is a function parameter =[] for? Antoon Pardon <antoon.pardon@rece.vub.ac.be> - 2015-11-24 21:54 +0100
                Re: What is a function parameter =[] for? BartC <bc@freeuk.com> - 2015-11-24 21:14 +0000
                Re: What is a function parameter =[] for? Antoon Pardon <antoon.pardon@rece.vub.ac.be> - 2015-11-24 22:25 +0100
                Re: What is a function parameter =[] for? Steven D'Aprano <steve@pearwood.info> - 2015-11-25 11:36 +1100
                Re: What is a function parameter =[] for? Chris Angelico <rosuav@gmail.com> - 2015-11-25 11:56 +1100
                Re: What is a function parameter =[] for? Antoon Pardon <antoon.pardon@rece.vub.ac.be> - 2015-11-25 10:56 +0100
                Re: What is a function parameter =[] for? Steven D'Aprano <steve@pearwood.info> - 2015-11-26 04:40 +1100
                Re: What is a function parameter =[] for? Antoon Pardon <antoon.pardon@rece.vub.ac.be> - 2015-11-25 19:27 +0100
                Re: What is a function parameter =[] for? Steven D'Aprano <steve@pearwood.info> - 2015-11-26 11:10 +1100
                Re: What is a function parameter =[] for? Ian Kelly <ian.g.kelly@gmail.com> - 2015-11-25 13:39 -0700
                Re: What is a function parameter =[] for? Antoon Pardon <antoon.pardon@rece.vub.ac.be> - 2015-11-25 22:05 +0100
                Re: What is a function parameter =[] for? Chris Angelico <rosuav@gmail.com> - 2015-11-26 09:06 +1100
                Re: What is a function parameter =[] for? Ian Kelly <ian.g.kelly@gmail.com> - 2015-11-25 15:38 -0700
                Re: What is a function parameter =[] for? Alan Bawden <alan@csail.mit.edu> - 2015-11-25 21:08 -0500
                Re: What is a function parameter =[] for? Chris Angelico <rosuav@gmail.com> - 2015-11-26 13:25 +1100
                Re: What is a function parameter =[] for? Alan Bawden <alan@csail.mit.edu> - 2015-11-25 23:27 -0500
                Re: What is a function parameter =[] for? Dave Farrance <df@see.replyto.invalid> - 2015-11-26 10:34 +0000
                Re: What is a function parameter =[] for? Marko Rauhamaa <marko@pacujo.net> - 2015-11-26 12:58 +0200
                Re: What is a function parameter =[] for? Dave Farrance <df@see.replyto.invalid> - 2015-11-26 11:12 +0000
                Object identity has no necessary connection to memory location (was: What is a function parameter =[] for?) Ben Finney <ben+python@benfinney.id.au> - 2015-11-26 22:24 +1100
                Re: Object identity has no necessary connection to memory location (was: What is a function parameter =[] for?) Dave Farrance <df@see.replyto.invalid> - 2015-11-26 11:50 +0000
                Re: Object identity has no necessary connection to memory location Ben Finney <ben+python@benfinney.id.au> - 2015-11-27 07:00 +1100
                Re: Object identity has no necessary connection to memory location Steven D'Aprano <steve@pearwood.info> - 2015-11-27 13:17 +1100
                Re: Object identity has no necessary connection to memory location Mark Lawrence <breamoreboy@yahoo.co.uk> - 2015-11-26 21:44 +0000
                Re: What is a function parameter =[] for? Chris Angelico <rosuav@gmail.com> - 2015-11-26 22:24 +1100
                Re: What is a function parameter =[] for? Marko Rauhamaa <marko@pacujo.net> - 2015-11-26 13:27 +0200
                Re: Object identity has no necessary connection to memory location (was: What is a function parameter =[] for?) Chris Angelico <rosuav@gmail.com> - 2015-11-26 22:49 +1100
                Re: Object identity has no necessary connection to memory location Antoon Pardon <antoon.pardon@rece.vub.ac.be> - 2015-11-26 13:04 +0100
                Re: What is a function parameter =[] for? Steven D'Aprano <steve@pearwood.info> - 2015-11-27 12:34 +1100
                Re: What is a function parameter =[] for? Ben Finney <ben+python@benfinney.id.au> - 2015-11-27 12:40 +1100
                Re: What is a function parameter =[] for? Steven D'Aprano <steve@pearwood.info> - 2015-11-27 13:44 +1100
                Re: What is a function parameter =[] for? MRAB <python@mrabarnett.plus.com> - 2015-11-27 02:56 +0000
                Re: What is a function parameter =[] for? Steven D'Aprano <steve@pearwood.info> - 2015-11-27 23:57 +1100
                Re: What is a function parameter =[] for? Laura Creighton <lac@openend.se> - 2015-11-27 14:24 +0100
                Re: What is a function parameter =[] for? Chris Angelico <rosuav@gmail.com> - 2015-11-28 00:29 +1100
                Re: What is a function parameter =[] for? Chris Angelico <rosuav@gmail.com> - 2015-11-27 14:06 +1100
                Re: What is a function parameter =[] for? Ben Finney <ben+python@benfinney.id.au> - 2015-11-27 15:56 +1100
                Re: What is a function parameter =[] for? Random832 <random832@fastmail.com> - 2015-11-26 23:33 -0500
                Re: What is a function parameter =[] for? Ian Kelly <ian.g.kelly@gmail.com> - 2015-11-25 19:46 -0700
                Re: What is a function parameter =[] for? Chris Angelico <rosuav@gmail.com> - 2015-11-26 14:02 +1100
                Re: What is a function parameter =[] for? Antoon Pardon <antoon.pardon@rece.vub.ac.be> - 2015-11-26 09:15 +0100
                Re: What is a function parameter =[] for? Ian Kelly <ian.g.kelly@gmail.com> - 2015-11-24 14:33 -0700
                Re: What is a function parameter =[] for? Chris Angelico <rosuav@gmail.com> - 2015-11-25 09:09 +1100
                Re: What is a function parameter =[] for? Ian Kelly <ian.g.kelly@gmail.com> - 2015-11-19 12:25 -0700
              Re: What is a function parameter =[] for? Mark Lawrence <breamoreboy@yahoo.co.uk> - 2015-11-19 18:20 +0000
              Re: What is a function parameter =[] for? Steven D'Aprano <steve@pearwood.info> - 2015-11-20 12:05 +1100
                Re: What is a function parameter =[] for? BartC <bc@freeuk.com> - 2015-11-20 11:59 +0000
                Re: What is a function parameter =[] for? Ned Batchelder <ned@nedbatchelder.com> - 2015-11-20 04:12 -0800
                Re: What is a function parameter =[] for? BartC <bc@freeuk.com> - 2015-11-20 12:39 +0000
                Re: What is a function parameter =[] for? Chris Angelico <rosuav@gmail.com> - 2015-11-21 00:04 +1100
                Re: What is a function parameter =[] for? Ned Batchelder <ned@nedbatchelder.com> - 2015-11-20 05:30 -0800
                Re: What is a function parameter =[] for? Dennis Lee Bieber <wlfraed@ix.netcom.com> - 2015-11-20 08:34 -0500
                Re: What is a function parameter =[] for? Random832 <random832@fastmail.com> - 2015-11-20 14:32 +0000
                Re: What is a function parameter =[] for? Ian Kelly <ian.g.kelly@gmail.com> - 2015-11-20 09:18 -0700
                Re: What is a function parameter =[] for? Steven D'Aprano <steve@pearwood.info> - 2015-11-22 23:01 +1100
                Re: What is a function parameter =[] for? Gregory Ewing <greg.ewing@canterbury.ac.nz> - 2015-11-23 12:30 +1300
                Re: What is a function parameter =[] for? Antoon Pardon <antoon.pardon@rece.vub.ac.be> - 2015-11-24 15:38 +0100
                Re: What is a function parameter =[] for? Antoon Pardon <antoon.pardon@rece.vub.ac.be> - 2015-11-24 15:34 +0100
                Re: What is a function parameter =[] for? Ned Batchelder <ned@nedbatchelder.com> - 2015-11-24 06:50 -0800
                Re: What is a function parameter =[] for? Terry Reedy <tjreedy@udel.edu> - 2015-11-24 12:46 -0500
                Re: What is a function parameter =[] for? Antoon Pardon <antoon.pardon@rece.vub.ac.be> - 2015-11-24 19:27 +0100
                Re: What is a function parameter =[] for? Marko Rauhamaa <marko@pacujo.net> - 2015-11-20 14:28 +0200
                Re: What is a function parameter =[] for? BartC <bc@freeuk.com> - 2015-11-20 12:53 +0000
                Re: What is a function parameter =[] for? Random832 <random832@fastmail.com> - 2015-11-20 14:35 +0000
                Re: What is a function parameter =[] for? Steven D'Aprano <steve@pearwood.info> - 2015-11-22 21:06 +1100
                Re: What is a function parameter =[] for? Marko Rauhamaa <marko@pacujo.net> - 2015-11-22 14:35 +0200
                Re: What is a function parameter =[] for? Ian Kelly <ian.g.kelly@gmail.com> - 2015-11-20 09:16 -0700
                Re: What is a function parameter =[] for? Marko Rauhamaa <marko@pacujo.net> - 2015-11-20 18:31 +0200
                Re: What is a function parameter =[] for? Chris Angelico <rosuav@gmail.com> - 2015-11-21 03:37 +1100
                Re: What is a function parameter =[] for? Ian Kelly <ian.g.kelly@gmail.com> - 2015-11-20 09:39 -0700
                Re: What is a function parameter =[] for? Chris Angelico <rosuav@gmail.com> - 2015-11-21 03:24 +1100
                Re: What is a function parameter =[] for? Ian Kelly <ian.g.kelly@gmail.com> - 2015-11-20 09:29 -0700
                Re: What is a function parameter =[] for? Marko Rauhamaa <marko@pacujo.net> - 2015-11-20 18:41 +0200
                Re: What is a function parameter =[] for? Chris Angelico <rosuav@gmail.com> - 2015-11-21 03:36 +1100
                Re: What is a function parameter =[] for? Steven D'Aprano <steve@pearwood.info> - 2015-11-22 14:43 +1100
                Re: What is a function parameter =[] for? BartC <bc@freeuk.com> - 2015-11-22 13:21 +0000
                Re: What is a function parameter =[] for? BartC <bc@freeuk.com> - 2015-11-22 14:28 +0000
                Re: What is a function parameter =[] for? Steven D'Aprano <steve@pearwood.info> - 2015-11-23 10:44 +1100
                Re: What is a function parameter =[] for? Mark Lawrence <breamoreboy@yahoo.co.uk> - 2015-11-23 00:04 +0000
                Re: What is a function parameter =[] for? BartC <bc@freeuk.com> - 2015-11-23 00:37 +0000
                Re: What is a function parameter =[] for? Mark Lawrence <breamoreboy@yahoo.co.uk> - 2015-11-23 11:32 +0000
                Re: What is a function parameter =[] for? Ned Batchelder <ned@nedbatchelder.com> - 2015-11-23 04:05 -0800
                Re: What is a function parameter =[] for? Marko Rauhamaa <marko@pacujo.net> - 2015-11-23 14:23 +0200
                Re: What is a function parameter =[] for? Chris Angelico <rosuav@gmail.com> - 2015-11-23 11:20 +1100
                Re: What is a function parameter =[] for? Gregory Ewing <greg.ewing@canterbury.ac.nz> - 2015-11-23 12:43 +1300
                Re: What is a function parameter =[] for? Steven D'Aprano <steve+comp.lang.python@pearwood.info> - 2015-11-23 18:47 +1100
                Re: What is a function parameter =[] for? BartC <bc@freeuk.com> - 2015-11-23 10:40 +0000
                Re: What is a function parameter =[] for? Steven D'Aprano <steve@pearwood.info> - 2015-11-24 00:58 +1100
                Re: What is a function parameter =[] for? Antoon Pardon <antoon.pardon@rece.vub.ac.be> - 2015-11-24 15:58 +0100
                Re: What is a function parameter =[] for? Steven D'Aprano <steve@pearwood.info> - 2015-11-25 04:56 +1100
                Re: What is a function parameter =[] for? Antoon Pardon <antoon.pardon@rece.vub.ac.be> - 2015-11-24 15:18 +0100
              Re: What is a function parameter =[] for? Antoon Pardon <antoon.pardon@rece.vub.ac.be> - 2015-11-24 14:48 +0100
      Re: What is a function parameter =[] for? Antoon Pardon <antoon.pardon@rece.vub.ac.be> - 2015-11-24 12:36 +0100
      Re: What is a function parameter =[] for? Chris Angelico <rosuav@gmail.com> - 2015-11-24 23:07 +1100
      Re: What is a function parameter =[] for? Antoon Pardon <antoon.pardon@rece.vub.ac.be> - 2015-11-24 13:48 +0100
        Re: What is a function parameter =[] for? Marko Rauhamaa <marko@pacujo.net> - 2015-11-24 14:57 +0200
          Re: What is a function parameter =[] for? Ned Batchelder <ned@nedbatchelder.com> - 2015-11-24 06:18 -0800
            Re: What is a function parameter =[] for? BartC <bc@freeuk.com> - 2015-11-24 14:43 +0000
              Re: What is a function parameter =[] for? Chris Angelico <rosuav@gmail.com> - 2015-11-25 01:54 +1100
            Re: What is a function parameter =[] for? Antoon Pardon <antoon.pardon@rece.vub.ac.be> - 2015-11-24 16:10 +0100
              Re: What is a function parameter =[] for? Ned Batchelder <ned@nedbatchelder.com> - 2015-11-24 07:27 -0800
                Re: What is a function parameter =[] for? Oscar Benjamin <oscar.j.benjamin@gmail.com> - 2015-11-24 17:25 +0000
                Re: What is a function parameter =[] for? Ned Batchelder <ned@nedbatchelder.com> - 2015-11-24 09:35 -0800
                Re: What is a function parameter =[] for? Marko Rauhamaa <marko@pacujo.net> - 2015-11-24 20:13 +0200
                Re: What is a function parameter =[] for? Steven D'Aprano <steve@pearwood.info> - 2015-11-25 05:33 +1100
                Re: What is a function parameter =[] for? Marko Rauhamaa <marko@pacujo.net> - 2015-11-24 21:17 +0200
            Re: What is a function parameter =[] for? Dennis Lee Bieber <wlfraed@ix.netcom.com> - 2015-11-24 11:27 -0500
            Re: What is a function parameter =[] for? Steven D'Aprano <steve@pearwood.info> - 2015-11-25 11:39 +1100
              Re: What is a function parameter =[] for? Laura Creighton <lac@openend.se> - 2015-11-25 01:55 +0100
              A name refers to an object, an object has a value, equality compares values (was: What is a function parameter =[] for?) Ben Finney <ben+python@benfinney.id.au> - 2015-11-25 13:17 +1100
                Re: A name refers to an object, an object has a value, equality compares values Marko Rauhamaa <marko@pacujo.net> - 2015-11-25 08:44 +0200
                Re: A name refers to an object, an object has a value, equality compares values Chris Angelico <rosuav@gmail.com> - 2015-11-25 19:27 +1100
              Re: What is a function parameter =[] for? Antoon Pardon <antoon.pardon@rece.vub.ac.be> - 2015-11-25 10:36 +0100
                Re: What is a function parameter =[] for? Jussi Piitulainen <harvest@should.be.invalid> - 2015-11-25 13:39 +0200
                Re: What is a function parameter =[] for? Marko Rauhamaa <marko@pacujo.net> - 2015-11-25 14:48 +0200
                Re: What is a function parameter =[] for? Chris Angelico <rosuav@gmail.com> - 2015-11-26 00:50 +1100
                Re: What is a function parameter =[] for? Marko Rauhamaa <marko@pacujo.net> - 2015-11-25 16:08 +0200
                Re: What is a function parameter =[] for? Jussi Piitulainen <harvest@should.be.invalid> - 2015-11-25 17:13 +0200
                Re: What is a function parameter =[] for? Marko Rauhamaa <marko@pacujo.net> - 2015-11-25 18:44 +0200
                Re: What is a function parameter =[] for? Jussi Piitulainen <harvest@should.be.invalid> - 2015-11-25 20:30 +0200
          Re: What is a function parameter =[] for? Steven D'Aprano <steve@pearwood.info> - 2015-11-25 03:11 +1100

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