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Groups > comp.os.linux.misc > #68776 > unrolled thread

VMS

Started byc186282 <c186282@nnada.net>
First post2025-06-14 01:15 -0400
Last post2025-06-19 06:36 +0000
Articles 20 on this page of 230 — 17 participants

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Contents

  VMS c186282 <c186282@nnada.net> - 2025-06-14 01:15 -0400
    Re: VMS Bobbie Sellers <bliss-sf4ever@dslextreme.com> - 2025-06-14 10:05 -0700
      Re: VMS Andreas Eder <a_eder_muc@web.de> - 2025-06-14 20:30 +0200
        Re: VMS Lawrence D'Oliveiro <ldo@nz.invalid> - 2025-06-14 23:27 +0000
          Re: VMS rbowman <bowman@montana.com> - 2025-06-15 00:57 +0000
            Re: VMS c186282 <c186282@nnada.net> - 2025-06-14 23:32 -0400
              Re: VMS The Natural Philosopher <tnp@invalid.invalid> - 2025-06-15 08:26 +0100
                Re: VMS c186282 <c186282@nnada.net> - 2025-06-15 21:12 -0400
                  Re: VMS Charlie Gibbs <cgibbs@kltpzyxm.invalid> - 2025-06-16 18:15 +0000
                    Re: VMS c186282 <c186282@nnada.net> - 2025-06-17 23:20 -0400
                      Re: VMS rbowman <bowman@montana.com> - 2025-06-18 04:14 +0000
                        Re: VMS c186282 <c186282@nnada.net> - 2025-06-18 02:34 -0400
              Re: VMS rbowman <bowman@montana.com> - 2025-06-15 18:49 +0000
                Re: VMS c186282 <c186282@nnada.net> - 2025-06-15 22:45 -0400
                  Re: VMS rbowman <bowman@montana.com> - 2025-06-16 04:35 +0000
                    Re: VMS c186282 <c186282@nnada.net> - 2025-06-16 01:35 -0400
          Re: VMS c186282 <c186282@nnada.net> - 2025-06-14 23:03 -0400
            Re: VMS candycanearter07 <candycanearter07@candycanearter07.nomail.afraid> - 2025-06-18 05:30 +0000
              Re: VMS c186282 <c186282@nnada.net> - 2025-06-18 02:09 -0400
                Re: VMS candycanearter07 <candycanearter07@candycanearter07.nomail.afraid> - 2025-06-18 19:00 +0000
                  Re: VMS Rich <rich@example.invalid> - 2025-06-18 20:23 +0000
                    Re: VMS Charlie Gibbs <cgibbs@kltpzyxm.invalid> - 2025-06-18 20:30 +0000
                    Re: VMS rbowman <bowman@montana.com> - 2025-06-18 23:09 +0000
                Re: VMS Richard Kettlewell <invalid@invalid.invalid> - 2025-06-19 08:40 +0100
                  Re: VMS c186282 <c186282@nnada.net> - 2025-06-20 00:43 -0400
                    Re: VMS Richard Kettlewell <invalid@invalid.invalid> - 2025-06-20 09:00 +0100
                      Re: VMS The Natural Philosopher <tnp@invalid.invalid> - 2025-06-20 10:19 +0100
                        Re: VMS Richard Kettlewell <invalid@invalid.invalid> - 2025-06-20 15:15 +0100
                        Re: VMS Rich <rich@example.invalid> - 2025-06-20 13:36 +0000
                          Re: VMS The Natural Philosopher <tnp@invalid.invalid> - 2025-06-20 16:15 +0100
                            Re: VMS Rich <rich@example.invalid> - 2025-06-20 23:07 +0000
                              Re: VMS The Natural Philosopher <tnp@invalid.invalid> - 2025-06-21 01:07 +0100
                              Re: VMS rbowman <bowman@montana.com> - 2025-06-21 03:09 +0000
                                Re: VMS Robert Riches <spamtrap42@jacob21819.net> - 2025-06-21 03:43 +0000
                                  Re: VMS c186282 <c186282@nnada.net> - 2025-06-21 01:36 -0400
                                  Re: VMS rbowman <bowman@montana.com> - 2025-06-21 05:53 +0000
                                  Re: VMS candycanearter07 <candycanearter07@candycanearter07.nomail.afraid> - 2025-06-22 13:50 +0000
                                    Re: VMS Richard Kettlewell <invalid@invalid.invalid> - 2025-06-22 15:27 +0100
                                      Re: VMS The Natural Philosopher <tnp@invalid.invalid> - 2025-06-22 15:56 +0100
                                        Re: VMS c186282 <c186282@nnada.net> - 2025-06-23 00:18 -0400
                                    Re: VMS rbowman <bowman@montana.com> - 2025-06-22 19:23 +0000
                                      Re: VMS candycanearter07 <candycanearter07@candycanearter07.nomail.afraid> - 2025-06-23 18:10 +0000
                                        Re: VMS rbowman <bowman@montana.com> - 2025-06-23 19:27 +0000
                                    Re: VMS Robert Riches <spamtrap42@jacob21819.net> - 2025-06-24 03:34 +0000
                                      Re: VMS Charlie Gibbs <cgibbs@kltpzyxm.invalid> - 2025-06-24 04:52 +0000
                                        Re: VMS rbowman <bowman@montana.com> - 2025-06-24 05:14 +0000
                                          Re: VMS c186282 <c186282@nnada.net> - 2025-06-24 01:36 -0400
                                            Re: VMS rbowman <bowman@montana.com> - 2025-06-24 06:49 +0000
                                              Re: VMS The Natural Philosopher <tnp@invalid.invalid> - 2025-06-24 10:31 +0100
                                                Re: VMS c186282 <c186282@nnada.net> - 2025-06-25 01:36 -0400
                                                  Re: VMS The Natural Philosopher <tnp@invalid.invalid> - 2025-06-25 07:31 +0100
                                                    Re: VMS c186282 <c186282@nnada.net> - 2025-06-25 03:08 -0400
                                      Re: VMS Richard Kettlewell <invalid@invalid.invalid> - 2025-06-24 08:56 +0100
                                        Re: VMS Robert Riches <spamtrap42@jacob21819.net> - 2025-06-25 03:01 +0000
                                          Re: VMS c186282 <c186282@nnada.net> - 2025-06-25 01:59 -0400
                                            Re: VMS rbowman <bowman@montana.com> - 2025-06-25 06:52 +0000
                                              Re: VMS Rich <rich@example.invalid> - 2025-07-20 14:31 +0000
                                            Re: VMS John Ames <commodorejohn@gmail.com> - 2025-06-25 09:32 -0700
                                              Re: VMS John Ames <commodorejohn@gmail.com> - 2025-06-25 09:44 -0700
                                                Re: VMS c186282 <c186282@nnada.net> - 2025-06-25 19:01 -0400
                                                  Re: VMS Rich <rich@example.invalid> - 2025-07-20 14:37 +0000
                                                    Re: VMS Richard Kettlewell <invalid@invalid.invalid> - 2025-07-21 08:42 +0100
                                                      Re: VMS John Ames <commodorejohn@gmail.com> - 2025-07-21 09:12 -0700
                                                        Re: VMS Pancho <Pancho.Jones@protonmail.com> - 2025-07-21 18:44 +0100
                                                        Re: VMS Richard Kettlewell <invalid@invalid.invalid> - 2025-07-21 20:47 +0100
                                                          Re: VMS John Ames <commodorejohn@gmail.com> - 2025-07-21 13:31 -0700
                                                            Re: VMS Pancho <Pancho.Jones@protonmail.com> - 2025-07-23 07:22 +0100
                                                              Re: VMS John Ames <commodorejohn@gmail.com> - 2025-07-23 08:04 -0700
                                                                Re: VMS John Ames <commodorejohn@gmail.com> - 2025-07-23 08:44 -0700
                                                                Re: VMS The Natural Philosopher <tnp@invalid.invalid> - 2025-07-23 20:04 +0100
                                                                  Re: VMS rbowman <bowman@montana.com> - 2025-07-23 22:47 +0000
                                                                    Re: VMS The Natural Philosopher <tnp@invalid.invalid> - 2025-07-24 09:56 +0100
                                                                Re: VMS Pancho <Pancho.Jones@protonmail.com> - 2025-07-23 21:53 +0100
                                                                  Re: VMS John Ames <commodorejohn@gmail.com> - 2025-07-23 14:28 -0700
                                                                    Re: VMS Pancho <Pancho.Jones@protonmail.com> - 2025-07-24 00:29 +0100
                                                                      Re: VMS John Ames <commodorejohn@gmail.com> - 2025-07-24 08:05 -0700
                                                                        Re: VMS Richard Kettlewell <invalid@invalid.invalid> - 2025-07-24 21:51 +0100
                                                                          Re: VMS John Ames <commodorejohn@gmail.com> - 2025-07-24 15:06 -0700
                                                                            Re: VMS Pancho <Pancho.Jones@protonmail.com> - 2025-07-25 07:06 +0100
                                                                              Re: VMS John Ames <commodorejohn@gmail.com> - 2025-07-25 10:39 -0700
                                                                                Re: VMS Pancho <Pancho.Jones@protonmail.com> - 2025-07-26 17:54 +0100
                                                                                  Re: VMS The Natural Philosopher <tnp@invalid.invalid> - 2025-07-26 18:02 +0100
                                                                                    Re: VMS Robert Riches <spamtrap42@jacob21819.net> - 2025-07-27 04:04 +0000
                                                                                      Re: VMS c186282 <c186282@nnada.net> - 2025-07-27 01:50 -0400
                                                                                      Re: VMS The Natural Philosopher <tnp@invalid.invalid> - 2025-07-27 12:07 +0100
                                                                                    Re: VMS Pancho <Pancho.Jones@protonmail.com> - 2025-07-27 10:23 +0100
                                                                                      Re: VMS Richard Kettlewell <invalid@invalid.invalid> - 2025-07-27 10:55 +0100
                                                                                        Re: VMS c186282 <c186282@nnada.net> - 2025-07-27 21:23 -0400
                                                                                          Re: VMS rbowman <bowman@montana.com> - 2025-07-28 04:45 +0000
                                                                                            Re: VMS c186282 <c186282@nnada.net> - 2025-07-28 02:14 -0400
                                                                                              Re: VMS The Natural Philosopher <tnp@invalid.invalid> - 2025-07-28 13:48 +0100
                                                                                                Re: VMS rbowman <bowman@montana.com> - 2025-07-28 20:38 +0000
                                                                                              Re: VMS rbowman <bowman@montana.com> - 2025-07-28 20:32 +0000
                                                                                                Re: VMS Bobbie Sellers <bliss-sf4ever@dslextreme.com> - 2025-07-28 14:17 -0700
                                                                                                  Re: VMS rbowman <bowman@montana.com> - 2025-07-29 05:08 +0000
                                                                                            Re: VMS The Natural Philosopher <tnp@invalid.invalid> - 2025-07-28 13:44 +0100
                                                                                          Re: VMS The Natural Philosopher <tnp@invalid.invalid> - 2025-07-28 13:39 +0100
                                                                                            Re: VMS Lawrence D'Oliveiro <ldo@nz.invalid> - 2025-07-29 01:03 +0000
                                                                                              Re: VMS rbowman <bowman@montana.com> - 2025-07-29 05:29 +0000
                                                                                                Re: VMS The Natural Philosopher <tnp@invalid.invalid> - 2025-07-29 11:42 +0100
                                                                                                  Re: VMS rbowman <bowman@montana.com> - 2025-07-29 19:16 +0000
                                                                                              Re: VMS Pancho <Pancho.Jones@protonmail.com> - 2025-07-29 12:10 +0100
                                                                                                Re: VMS The Natural Philosopher <tnp@invalid.invalid> - 2025-07-29 13:08 +0100
                                                                                                Re: VMS Bobbie Sellers <bliss-sf4ever@dslextreme.com> - 2025-07-29 09:51 -0700
                                                                                                Re: VMS rbowman <bowman@montana.com> - 2025-07-29 18:53 +0000
                                                                                            Re: VMS c186282 <c186282@nnada.net> - 2025-07-29 04:51 -0400
                                                                                          Re: VMS Rich <rich@example.invalid> - 2025-07-29 13:32 +0000
                                                                                        Re: VMS John Ames <commodorejohn@gmail.com> - 2025-07-28 09:22 -0700
                                                                                      Re: VMS The Natural Philosopher <tnp@invalid.invalid> - 2025-07-27 12:11 +0100
                                                                                        Re: VMS Lawrence D'Oliveiro <ldo@nz.invalid> - 2025-07-27 22:02 +0000
                                                                                          Re: VMS rbowman <bowman@montana.com> - 2025-07-28 04:58 +0000
                                                                                          Re: VMS Stéphane CARPENTIER <sc@fiat-linux.fr> - 2025-08-01 19:13 +0000
                                                                                            Re: VMS Lew Pitcher <lew.pitcher@digitalfreehold.ca> - 2025-08-01 20:38 +0000
                                                                                              Re: VMS Lawrence D'Oliveiro <ldo@nz.invalid> - 2025-08-02 00:01 +0000
                                                                                            Re: VMS c186282 <c186282@nnada.net> - 2025-08-02 02:24 -0400
                                                                                              Re: VMS Pancho <Pancho.Jones@protonmail.com> - 2025-08-02 11:34 +0100
                                                                                                Re: VMS c186282 <c186282@nnada.net> - 2025-08-02 21:02 -0400
                                                                                                Re: VMS Lawrence D'Oliveiro <ldo@nz.invalid> - 2025-08-03 02:08 +0000
                                                                                                  Re: VMS c186282 <c186282@nnada.net> - 2025-08-03 01:00 -0400
                                                                                                Re: VMS Stéphane CARPENTIER <sc@fiat-linux.fr> - 2025-08-09 10:26 +0000
                                                                                                  Re: VMS rbowman <bowman@montana.com> - 2025-08-09 20:00 +0000
                                                                                              Re: VMS Stéphane CARPENTIER <sc@fiat-linux.fr> - 2025-08-09 10:19 +0000
                                                                                        Re: VMS c186282 <c186282@nnada.net> - 2025-07-27 21:31 -0400
                                                                                          Re: VMS rbowman <bowman@montana.com> - 2025-07-28 05:03 +0000
                                                                                            Re: VMS c186282 <c186282@nnada.net> - 2025-07-28 02:19 -0400
                                                                                      Re: VMS c186282 <c186282@nnada.net> - 2025-07-27 21:09 -0400
                                                                                  Re: VMS John Ames <commodorejohn@gmail.com> - 2025-07-28 10:17 -0700
                                                                                    Re: VMS rbowman <bowman@montana.com> - 2025-07-28 20:46 +0000
                                                                                      Re: VMS John Ames <commodorejohn@gmail.com> - 2025-07-28 14:34 -0700
                                                                                Re: VMS Charlie Gibbs <cgibbs@kltpzyxm.invalid> - 2025-07-28 16:34 +0000
                                                                                  Re: VMS rbowman <bowman@montana.com> - 2025-07-28 20:48 +0000
                                                                                  Re: VMS Lawrence D'Oliveiro <ldo@nz.invalid> - 2025-07-29 01:00 +0000
                                                                                  Re: VMS Pancho <Pancho.Jones@protonmail.com> - 2025-07-29 10:07 +0100
                                                                                    Re: VMS Lawrence D'Oliveiro <ldo@nz.invalid> - 2025-07-29 23:05 +0000
                                                                                      Re: VMS c186282 <c186282@nnada.net> - 2025-07-30 02:43 -0400
                                                                                    Re: VMS Andreas Eder <a_eder_muc@web.de> - 2025-08-02 18:11 +0200
                                                                    Re: VMS Charlie Gibbs <cgibbs@kltpzyxm.invalid> - 2025-07-24 14:42 +0000
                                                                      Re: VMS rbowman <bowman@montana.com> - 2025-07-24 18:05 +0000
                                                                        Re: VMS John Ames <commodorejohn@gmail.com> - 2025-07-24 11:14 -0700
                                                                          Re: VMS rbowman <bowman@montana.com> - 2025-07-24 23:10 +0000
                                                                      Re: VMS Lawrence D'Oliveiro <ldo@nz.invalid> - 2025-07-24 21:16 +0000
                                                                        Re: VMS rbowman <bowman@montana.com> - 2025-07-24 23:21 +0000
                                                          Re: VMS John Ames <commodorejohn@gmail.com> - 2025-07-21 14:05 -0700
                                                          Re: VMS Charlie Gibbs <cgibbs@kltpzyxm.invalid> - 2025-07-21 21:14 +0000
                                                            Re: VMS The Natural Philosopher <tnp@invalid.invalid> - 2025-07-21 22:19 +0100
                                                            Re: VMS rbowman <bowman@montana.com> - 2025-07-22 02:10 +0000
                                      Re: VMS candycanearter07 <candycanearter07@candycanearter07.nomail.afraid> - 2025-06-27 06:00 +0000
                                        Re: VMS Richard Kettlewell <invalid@invalid.invalid> - 2025-06-27 08:37 +0100
                                          Re: VMS The Natural Philosopher <tnp@invalid.invalid> - 2025-06-27 08:45 +0100
                                            Re: VMS Lawrence D'Oliveiro <ldo@nz.invalid> - 2025-06-27 08:14 +0000
                                              Re: VMS c186282 <c186282@nnada.net> - 2025-06-27 13:27 -0400
                                                Re: VMS The Natural Philosopher <tnp@invalid.invalid> - 2025-06-27 19:13 +0100
                                                  Re: VMS Chris Ahlstrom <OFeem1987@teleworm.us> - 2025-06-28 09:16 -0400
                                          Re: VMS c186282 <c186282@nnada.net> - 2025-06-27 13:24 -0400
                                            Re: VMS rbowman <bowman@montana.com> - 2025-06-27 17:40 +0000
                                              Re: VMS Lew Pitcher <lew.pitcher@digitalfreehold.ca> - 2025-06-27 18:20 +0000
                                                Re: VMS Lawrence D'Oliveiro <ldo@nz.invalid> - 2025-06-27 23:03 +0000
                                                  Re: VMS c186282 <c186282@nnada.net> - 2025-06-28 01:13 -0400
                                                    Re: VMS rbowman <bowman@montana.com> - 2025-06-28 06:10 +0000
                                              Re: VMS c186282 <c186282@nnada.net> - 2025-06-27 18:16 -0400
                                                Re: VMS Richard Kettlewell <invalid@invalid.invalid> - 2025-06-28 08:52 +0100
                                                  Re: VMS c186282 <c186282@nnada.net> - 2025-06-28 23:16 -0400
                                                    Re: VMS Richard Kettlewell <invalid@invalid.invalid> - 2025-06-29 08:18 +0100
                                                      Re: VMS c186282 <c186282@nnada.net> - 2025-06-29 19:09 -0400
                                                        Re: VMS The Natural Philosopher <tnp@invalid.invalid> - 2025-06-30 08:36 +0100
                                                          Re: VMS Richard Kettlewell <invalid@invalid.invalid> - 2025-06-30 08:51 +0100
                                                            Re: VMS The Natural Philosopher <tnp@invalid.invalid> - 2025-06-30 08:59 +0100
                                                              Re: VMS Lawrence D'Oliveiro <ldo@nz.invalid> - 2025-06-30 08:33 +0000
                                                                Re: VMS John Ames <commodorejohn@gmail.com> - 2025-06-30 09:08 -0700
                                                                Re: VMS jayjwa <jayjwa@atr2.ath.cx.invalid> - 2025-06-30 22:18 -0400
                                                            Re: VMS Richard Kettlewell <invalid@invalid.invalid> - 2025-06-30 09:00 +0100
                                                              Re: VMS The Natural Philosopher <tnp@invalid.invalid> - 2025-06-30 09:24 +0100
                                                                Re: VMS Lawrence D'Oliveiro <ldo@nz.invalid> - 2025-06-30 08:34 +0000
                                                                  Re: VMS c186282 <c186282@nnada.net> - 2025-06-30 23:30 -0400
                                                            Re: VMS c186282 <c186282@nnada.net> - 2025-06-30 23:26 -0400
                                                              Re: VMS The Natural Philosopher <tnp@invalid.invalid> - 2025-07-01 10:49 +0100
                                                                Re: VMS Lew Pitcher <lew.pitcher@digitalfreehold.ca> - 2025-07-01 12:44 +0000
                                                                  Re: VMS Charlie Gibbs <cgibbs@kltpzyxm.invalid> - 2025-07-02 01:13 +0000
                                                                    Re: VMS c186282 <c186282@nnada.net> - 2025-07-01 21:46 -0400
                                                                    Re: VMS Lew Pitcher <lew.pitcher@digitalfreehold.ca> - 2025-07-02 16:03 +0000
                                                          Re: VMS Lawrence D'Oliveiro <ldo@nz.invalid> - 2025-06-30 07:54 +0000
                                                            Re: VMS rbowman <bowman@montana.com> - 2025-06-30 18:10 +0000
                                                          Re: VMS c186282 <c186282@nnada.net> - 2025-06-30 23:12 -0400
                                                            Re: VMS rbowman <bowman@montana.com> - 2025-07-01 04:02 +0000
                                                              Re: VMS c186282 <c186282@nnada.net> - 2025-07-01 12:42 -0400
                                                        Re: VMS Richard Kettlewell <invalid@invalid.invalid> - 2025-06-30 08:56 +0100
                                        Re: VMS Rich <rich@example.invalid> - 2025-07-20 14:42 +0000
                                          Re: VMS Lew Pitcher <lew.pitcher@digitalfreehold.ca> - 2025-07-20 14:54 +0000
                                          Re: VMS The Natural Philosopher <tnp@invalid.invalid> - 2025-07-20 16:51 +0100
                                            Re: VMS Lew Pitcher <lew.pitcher@digitalfreehold.ca> - 2025-07-20 16:15 +0000
                                              Re: VMS c186282 <c186282@nnada.net> - 2025-07-25 00:31 -0400
                                                Re: VMS rbowman <bowman@montana.com> - 2025-07-25 05:53 +0000
                                                  Re: VMS c186282 <c186282@nnada.net> - 2025-07-25 05:05 -0400
                                                    Re: VMS The Natural Philosopher <tnp@invalid.invalid> - 2025-07-25 10:59 +0100
                                                      Re: VMS candycanearter07 <candycanearter07@candycanearter07.nomail.afraid> - 2025-07-25 16:20 +0000
                                                Re: VMS Richard Kettlewell <invalid@invalid.invalid> - 2025-07-25 08:43 +0100
                                                  Re: VMS c186282 <c186282@nnada.net> - 2025-07-25 04:39 -0400
                                          Re: VMS Richard Kettlewell <invalid@invalid.invalid> - 2025-07-20 21:18 +0100
                                    Re: VMS Rich <rich@example.invalid> - 2025-06-27 19:40 +0000
                          Re: VMS Richard Kettlewell <invalid@invalid.invalid> - 2025-06-20 21:19 +0100
                            Re: VMS Rich <rich@example.invalid> - 2025-06-20 23:17 +0000
                              Re: VMS Richard Kettlewell <invalid@invalid.invalid> - 2025-06-21 08:42 +0100
                            Re: VMS Lawrence D'Oliveiro <ldo@nz.invalid> - 2025-06-21 07:02 +0000
                              Re: VMS c186282 <c186282@nnada.net> - 2025-06-21 03:23 -0400
                        Re: VMS c186282 <c186282@nnada.net> - 2025-06-21 01:27 -0400
                      Re: VMS c186282 <c186282@nnada.net> - 2025-06-21 01:10 -0400
                        Re: VMS rbowman <bowman@montana.com> - 2025-06-21 05:59 +0000
                          Re: VMS c186282 <c186282@nnada.net> - 2025-06-21 02:10 -0400
                    Re: VMS The Natural Philosopher <tnp@invalid.invalid> - 2025-06-20 10:12 +0100
                      Re: VMS Rich <rich@example.invalid> - 2025-06-20 13:39 +0000
                      Re: VMS c186282 <c186282@nnada.net> - 2025-06-21 01:23 -0400
                      Re: VMS Lawrence D'Oliveiro <ldo@nz.invalid> - 2025-06-21 06:57 +0000
                        Re: VMS c186282 <c186282@nnada.net> - 2025-06-21 03:07 -0400
                      Re: VMS Richard Kettlewell <invalid@invalid.invalid> - 2025-06-21 08:45 +0100
                        Re: VMS c186282 <c186282@nnada.net> - 2025-06-22 02:32 -0400
                    Re: VMS Rich <rich@example.invalid> - 2025-06-20 13:30 +0000
                      Re: VMS The Natural Philosopher <tnp@invalid.invalid> - 2025-06-20 16:14 +0100
                  Re: VMS Lawrence D'Oliveiro <ldo@nz.invalid> - 2025-06-20 08:57 +0000
                    Re: VMS c186282 <c186282@nnada.net> - 2025-06-21 01:17 -0400
      Re: VMS c186282 <c186282@nnada.net> - 2025-06-14 22:57 -0400
        Re: VMS Rich <rich@example.invalid> - 2025-06-15 14:24 +0000
          Re: VMS c186282 <c186282@nnada.net> - 2025-06-15 22:26 -0400
            Re: VMS rbowman <bowman@montana.com> - 2025-06-16 04:30 +0000
              Re: VMS c186282 <c186282@nnada.net> - 2025-06-16 01:31 -0400
              Re: VMS Rich <rich@example.invalid> - 2025-06-18 17:40 +0000
                Re: VMS rbowman <bowman@montana.com> - 2025-06-18 23:06 +0000
                Re: VMS c186282 <c186282@nnada.net> - 2025-06-18 19:43 -0400
                  Re: VMS Rich <rich@example.invalid> - 2025-06-19 01:08 +0000
                    Re: VMS c186282 <c186282@nnada.net> - 2025-06-19 00:46 -0400
                      Re: VMS rbowman <bowman@montana.com> - 2025-06-19 06:36 +0000

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#69872

FromLawrence D'Oliveiro <ldo@nz.invalid>
Date2025-07-24 21:16 +0000
Message-ID<105u7qu$1jpjo$1@dont-email.me>
In reply to#69864
On Thu, 24 Jul 2025 14:42:56 GMT, Charlie Gibbs wrote:

> https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cargo_cult_programming

Seems an apt description of, for example, those who say you must never 
write actual SQL code in your programs, always use an ORM or templating 
system or something.

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#69879

Fromrbowman <bowman@montana.com>
Date2025-07-24 23:21 +0000
Message-ID<meftgiFbbn6U5@mid.individual.net>
In reply to#69872
On Thu, 24 Jul 2025 21:16:15 -0000 (UTC), Lawrence D'Oliveiro wrote:

> On Thu, 24 Jul 2025 14:42:56 GMT, Charlie Gibbs wrote:
> 
>> https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cargo_cult_programming
> 
> Seems an apt description of, for example, those who say you must never
> write actual SQL code in your programs, always use an ORM or templating
> system or something.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/
Object%E2%80%93relational_mapping#Comparison_with_traditional_data_access_techniques

I've never used an ORM but I might learn to like it. I've done my share of 
database programming, both embedded and CLI, and it always seemed like 
shoveling shit against the tide with a lot of boilerplate to get where 
you're going particularly when a join won't do the trick.

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#69822

FromJohn Ames <commodorejohn@gmail.com>
Date2025-07-21 14:05 -0700
Message-ID<20250721140559.000002e1@gmail.com>
In reply to#69818
On Mon, 21 Jul 2025 20:47:23 +0100
Richard Kettlewell <invalid@invalid.invalid> wrote:

> If you need 20 bytes and you’ve only got 10, _something_ is going to
> go wrong. A bounds check will avoid the outcome being a buffer
> overrun, but you’re still going to have to report an error, or exit
> the program, or some other undesired behaviour, when what you
> actually wanted was the full 20-byte result.

Additionally, if the system you're putting together is one where you
might *ever* need to accept inputs of arbitrary size gracefully, you
should *really* be asking yourself whether a fixed-length buffer is the
right choice, or whether you should be looking at some more readily
extensible structure. Even in languages where you don't get dynamic
arrays or lists for "free," it is really not *that* hard to implement
something more robust.

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#69824

FromCharlie Gibbs <cgibbs@kltpzyxm.invalid>
Date2025-07-21 21:14 +0000
Message-ID<M4yfQ.942462$wybc.212609@fx17.iad>
In reply to#69818
On 2025-07-21, Richard Kettlewell <invalid@invalid.invalid> wrote:

> John Ames <commodorejohn@gmail.com> writes:
>
>> On Mon, 21 Jul 2025 08:42:04 +0100
>> Richard Kettlewell <invalid@invalid.invalid> wrote:
>>
>>> Conservative upper bounds of this kind address two issues:
>>> 
>>> 1) The possibility that you made a mistake in working out the upper
>>>    bound. Off-by-one errors are such a common category that they get
>>>    their own name; adding even 1 byte of headroom neutralizes them.
>>> 
>>>    If you think only “sloppy” programmers make this kind of mistake
>>> then you’re deluded. A more competent programmer may make fewer
>>> mistakes but no human is perfect.
>>> 
>>> 2) Approximation can make analysis easier. Why spend an hour proving
>>>    that the maximum size something can be is 37 bytes if a few seconds
>>>    mental arithmetic will prove it’s at most 64 bytes? (Unless you
>>>    have 1980s quantities of RAM, of course.)
>>
>> Sure, memory is cheap and we can often afford reasonably over-specced
>> buffer sizes in Our Modern Age - but the fundamental problem remains.
>> Treating "a little extra just to be on the safe side" as a ward against
>> buffer overruns or other boundary errors is pretty much guaranteed to
>> run into trouble down the line, and no amount of "nobody's perfect...!"
>> will change that. If you're not working in a language that does bounds-
>> checking for you, and your design is not one where you can say with
>> *100% certainty* that boundary errors are literally impossible, CHECK
>> YER DANG BOUNDS. Simple as that.
>
> In real life a buffer overrun is not the only outcome to be avoided. If
> you need 20 bytes and you’ve only got 10, _something_ is going to go
> wrong. A bounds check will avoid the outcome being a buffer overrun, but
> you’re still going to have to report an error, or exit the program, or
> some other undesired behaviour, when what you actually wanted was the
> full 20-byte result. That’s what a conservative bound helps you with.

The top entry in my list of Famous Last Words is "Oh, don't worry
about that - it'll never happen."  I had learned that "never" is
usually about six months.  At the very least, if your program issues
an appropriate error message before aborting, you'll have a chance
of finding and fixing the deficiency.  These days, I've gotten into
using realloc() to enlarge the area in question; if it works, I quietly
continue, and if not I put out a nasty error message and quit.

-- 
/~\  Charlie Gibbs                  |  Growth for the sake of
\ /  <cgibbs@kltpzyxm.invalid>      |  growth is the ideology
 X   I'm really at ac.dekanfrus     |  of the cancer cell.
/ \  if you read it the right way.  |    -- Edward Abbey

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#69826

FromThe Natural Philosopher <tnp@invalid.invalid>
Date2025-07-21 22:19 +0100
Message-ID<105maso$307ge$5@dont-email.me>
In reply to#69824
On 21/07/2025 22:14, Charlie Gibbs wrote:
> The top entry in my list of Famous Last Words is "Oh, don't worry
> about that - it'll never happen."  I had learned that "never" is
> usually about six months.

Funny you should say that..My friend who was at Acorn a little before 
the ARM years says  they had an issue that very occasionally the micro 
they were working on would freeze up. I can't remember why, but the 
solution was to add a wait state. "This reduced the frequency to about 
one in every thousand years- And we reckoned the user would shrug, 
reboot and it would never happen to him again"


-- 
I was brought up to believe that you should never give offence if you 
can avoid it; the new culture tells us you should always take offence if 
you can. There are now experts in the art of taking offence, indeed 
whole academic subjects, such as 'gender studies', devoted to it.

Sir Roger Scruton

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#69838

Fromrbowman <bowman@montana.com>
Date2025-07-22 02:10 +0000
Message-ID<me8a7oF5erpU3@mid.individual.net>
In reply to#69824
On Mon, 21 Jul 2025 21:14:20 GMT, Charlie Gibbs wrote:

> The top entry in my list of Famous Last Words is "Oh, don't worry about
> that - it'll never happen."  I had learned that "never" is usually about
> six months.  At the very least, if your program issues an appropriate
> error message before aborting, you'll have a chance of finding and
> fixing the deficiency.  These days, I've gotten into using realloc() to
> enlarge the area in question; if it works, I quietly continue, and if
> not I put out a nasty error message and quit.

I test the return of malloc(), calloc(), and realloc() and attempt to log 
the error. I have caught a calloc() error whem the nmemb parameter was 
negative due to bad math but I'm not that optimistic about logging being 
successful when memory allocation is failing. Still, I tried...

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#69147

Fromcandycanearter07 <candycanearter07@candycanearter07.nomail.afraid>
Date2025-06-27 06:00 +0000
Message-ID<slrn105sci1.1ibsg.candycanearter07@candydeb.host.invalid>
In reply to#69069
Robert Riches <spamtrap42@jacob21819.net> wrote at 03:34 this Tuesday (GMT):
> On 2025-06-22, candycanearter07 <candycanearter07@candycanearter07.nomail.afraid> wrote:
>> Robert Riches <spamtrap42@jacob21819.net> wrote at 03:43 this Saturday (GMT):
>>> On 2025-06-21, rbowman <bowman@montana.com> wrote:
>>>> On Fri, 20 Jun 2025 23:07:20 -0000 (UTC), Rich wrote:
>>>>
>>>>> Very likely, but the idea was to protect the typical programmer from
>>>>> their own common mistakes (of not carefully checking error return codes
>>>>> or buffer lengths, etc.).  I.e. the typical 9-5 contract programmer, not
>>>>> the Dennis Ritchie's of the world.
>>>>
>>>> I'm paranoid enough that I check the return of malloc and try to log the 
>>>> problem even though I'm probably screwed at that point. It has pointed out 
>>>> errors for calloc if you've manged to come up with a negative size.
>>>>
>>>> I have worked with programmers that assumed nothing bad would ever happen. 
>>>> Sadly, some had years of experience.
>>>
>>> Some years ago, I heard of a bug related to use of malloc.  The
>>> code had _intended_ to dynamically allocate storage for a string
>>> and the terminating null byte.  It was _intended_ to do this:
>>>
>>>         dest = malloc(strlen(src)+1);
>>>
>>> Instead, a paren was misplaced:
>>>
>>>         dest = malloc(strlen(src))+1;
>>>
>>> IIUC, the next line copied the src string into the newly-
>>> allocated destination.
>>
>> Aren't you supposed to multiply by sizeof as well?
>
> Multiply by sizeof what?  sizeof(char)?  This was in the
> pre-Unicode days.  Even now with Unicode, IIUC sizeof(char) is
> still always 1.

I still multiply by sizeof(char), half because of habit and half to make
it clear to myself I'm making a char array, even if its "redundant". I
kinda thought that was the "cannonical" way to do that, since you could
have a weird edge case with a system defining char as something else?

>>> Those who had worked on that project longer said the bug had been
>>> latent in the code for several years, most likely with alignment
>>> padding masking the bug from being discovered.  Curiously, the
>>> bug made itself manifest immediately upon changing from a 32-bit
>>> build environment to a 64-bit build environment.
>>
>>
>> I'm more surprised it didn't segfault. Any idea what caused it to not?
>> I know strlen doesn't account for the terminating character, but it
>> seems like it should've been TWO bytes shorter...
>
> IIUC, heap-based malloc _usually_ returns a larger allocation
> block than you really asked for.  As long as malloc gave you at
> least 2 extra bytes, you'd never see any misbehavior.  Even if it
> didn't give you 2 or more extra bytes, it's fairly likely you'd
> just get lucky and never see the program crash or otherwise
> misbehavior in a significant way.  For example, if you stomped on
> the header of the next allocation block, as long as nothing ever
> read and acted upon the data in said header, you'd never see it.


Oh, so it was some poorly written code being covered up by a weird quirk
in the 32b version of the compiler? Always interesting hearing about
"accidentilly working" programs.
-- 
user <candycane> is generated from /dev/urandom

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#69148

FromRichard Kettlewell <invalid@invalid.invalid>
Date2025-06-27 08:37 +0100
Message-ID<wwv4iw1bpor.fsf@LkoBDZeT.terraraq.uk>
In reply to#69147
candycanearter07 <candycanearter07@candycanearter07.nomail.afraid>
writes:
> Robert Riches <spamtrap42@jacob21819.net> wrote at 03:34 this Tuesday (GMT):
>> <candycanearter07@candycanearter07.nomail.afraid> wrote:
>>> Aren't you supposed to multiply by sizeof as well?
>>
>> Multiply by sizeof what?  sizeof(char)?  This was in the
>> pre-Unicode days.  Even now with Unicode, IIUC sizeof(char) is
>> still always 1.
>
> I still multiply by sizeof(char), half because of habit and half to
> make it clear to myself I'm making a char array, even if its
> "redundant". I kinda thought that was the "cannonical" way to do that,
> since you could have a weird edge case with a system defining char as
> something else?

Whatever the representation of char, sizeof(char)=1. That’s what the
definition of sizeof is - char is the unit it counts in.

From the language specification:

    When sizeof is applied to an operand that has type char, unsigned
    char, or signed char, (or a qualified version thereof) the result is
    1. When applied to an operand that has array type, the result is the
    total number of bytes in the array.) When applied to an operand that
    has structure or union type, the result is the total number of bytes
    in such an object, including internal and trailing padding.

A programmer can adopt a personal style of redundantly multiplying by 1
if they like, it’ll be a useful hint to anyone else reading the code
that the author didn’t know the language very well. But in no way is
anyone ‘supposed’ to do it.

-- 
https://www.greenend.org.uk/rjk/

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#69149

FromThe Natural Philosopher <tnp@invalid.invalid>
Date2025-06-27 08:45 +0100
Message-ID<103li77$111c$1@dont-email.me>
In reply to#69148
On 27/06/2025 08:37, Richard Kettlewell wrote:
> A programmer can adopt a personal style of redundantly multiplying by 1
> if they like, it’ll be a useful hint to anyone else reading the code
> that the author didn’t know the language very well. 

Or a hint that the writer expected the maintainer would not know the 
language very well.


> But in no way is
> anyone ‘supposed’ to do it.

Morality rarely enters into code writing, unless introduced by parties 
with 'political' aims.


-- 
How fortunate for governments that the people they administer don't think.

Adolf Hitler

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#69150

FromLawrence D'Oliveiro <ldo@nz.invalid>
Date2025-06-27 08:14 +0000
Message-ID<103ljtc$1ggl$2@dont-email.me>
In reply to#69149
On Fri, 27 Jun 2025 08:45:43 +0100, The Natural Philosopher wrote:

> On 27/06/2025 08:37, Richard Kettlewell wrote:
>>
>> But in no way is anyone ‘supposed’ to do it.
> 
> Morality rarely enters into code writing, unless introduced by parties
> with 'political' aims.

I must learn to use that as an excuse: the next time someone complains 
about the way I write my code, I can tell them that their criticism is 
“political”.

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#69152

Fromc186282 <c186282@nnada.net>
Date2025-06-27 13:27 -0400
Message-ID<YB6cnbE8ns8zScP1nZ2dnZfqnPadnZ2d@giganews.com>
In reply to#69150
On 6/27/25 4:14 AM, Lawrence D'Oliveiro wrote:
> On Fri, 27 Jun 2025 08:45:43 +0100, The Natural Philosopher wrote:
> 
>> On 27/06/2025 08:37, Richard Kettlewell wrote:
>>>
>>> But in no way is anyone ‘supposed’ to do it.
>>
>> Morality rarely enters into code writing, unless introduced by parties
>> with 'political' aims.
> 
> I must learn to use that as an excuse: the next time someone complains
> about the way I write my code, I can tell them that their criticism is
> “political”.

   Hey ... it could WORK !  :-)

   "Racist", "colonialist" and "gender-fascist" should work
   in some locales as well

   Alas, 'AI', that can and HAS been tampered with to
   achieve PC results for political reasons already.

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#69154

FromThe Natural Philosopher <tnp@invalid.invalid>
Date2025-06-27 19:13 +0100
Message-ID<103mmvr$9qr7$1@dont-email.me>
In reply to#69152
On 27/06/2025 18:27, c186282 wrote:
> On 6/27/25 4:14 AM, Lawrence D'Oliveiro wrote:
>> On Fri, 27 Jun 2025 08:45:43 +0100, The Natural Philosopher wrote:
>>
>>> On 27/06/2025 08:37, Richard Kettlewell wrote:
>>>>
>>>> But in no way is anyone ‘supposed’ to do it.
>>>
>>> Morality rarely enters into code writing, unless introduced by parties
>>> with 'political' aims.
>>
>> I must learn to use that as an excuse: the next time someone complains
>> about the way I write my code, I can tell them that their criticism is
>> “political”.
> 
In your case it almost certainly will be.

>    Hey ... it could WORK !  :-)
> 
>    "Racist", "colonialist" and "gender-fascist" should work
>    in some locales as well
> 
Byteist, wordist, and non-boolean...

>    Alas, 'AI', that can and HAS been tampered with to
>    achieve PC results for political reasons already.

Indeed.

-- 
Of what good are dead warriors? … Warriors are those who desire battle 
more than peace. Those who seek battle despite peace. Those who thump 
their spears on the ground and talk of honor. Those who leap high the 
battle dance and dream of glory … The good of dead warriors, Mother, is 
that they are dead.
Sheri S Tepper: The Awakeners.

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#69169

FromChris Ahlstrom <OFeem1987@teleworm.us>
Date2025-06-28 09:16 -0400
Message-ID<103opuq$s70b$1@dont-email.me>
In reply to#69154
The Natural Philosopher wrote this post while blinking in Morse code:

> On 27/06/2025 18:27, c186282 wrote:
>
> <snip>
>
>>    Alas, 'AI', that can and HAS been tampered with to
>>    achieve PC results for political reasons already.
>
> Indeed.

Not just "PC" (I assume that the aspie meant "politically correct" and not
"personal computer"), but any point of view.

It's who trains the AI that counts.

-- 
Humor in the Court:
Q: What can you tell us about the truthfulness and veracity of this defendant?
A: Oh, she will tell the truth. She said she'd kill that sonofabitch--and
   she did!

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#69151

Fromc186282 <c186282@nnada.net>
Date2025-06-27 13:24 -0400
Message-ID<fPmcnaKaU81_TsP1nZ2dnZfqn_adnZ2d@giganews.com>
In reply to#69148
On 6/27/25 3:37 AM, Richard Kettlewell wrote:
> candycanearter07 <candycanearter07@candycanearter07.nomail.afraid>
> writes:
>> Robert Riches <spamtrap42@jacob21819.net> wrote at 03:34 this Tuesday (GMT):
>>> <candycanearter07@candycanearter07.nomail.afraid> wrote:
>>>> Aren't you supposed to multiply by sizeof as well?
>>>
>>> Multiply by sizeof what?  sizeof(char)?  This was in the
>>> pre-Unicode days.  Even now with Unicode, IIUC sizeof(char) is
>>> still always 1.
>>
>> I still multiply by sizeof(char), half because of habit and half to
>> make it clear to myself I'm making a char array, even if its
>> "redundant". I kinda thought that was the "cannonical" way to do that,
>> since you could have a weird edge case with a system defining char as
>> something else?
> 
> Whatever the representation of char, sizeof(char)=1. That’s what the
> definition of sizeof is - char is the unit it counts in.
> 
>  From the language specification:
> 
>      When sizeof is applied to an operand that has type char, unsigned
>      char, or signed char, (or a qualified version thereof) the result is
>      1. When applied to an operand that has array type, the result is the
>      total number of bytes in the array.) When applied to an operand that
>      has structure or union type, the result is the total number of bytes
>      in such an object, including internal and trailing padding.
> 
> A programmer can adopt a personal style of redundantly multiplying by 1
> if they like, it’ll be a useful hint to anyone else reading the code
> that the author didn’t know the language very well. But in no way is
> anyone ‘supposed’ to do it.

   "Best practice" sometimes means a little bit of
   redundant/clarifying code.

   Some of us are old enough to remember when CPUs were
   not always 4/8/16/32/64 ... plus even now they've
   added a lot of new types like 128-bit ints. Simply
   ASSUMING an int is 16 bits is 'usually safe' but
   not necessarily 'best practice' and limits future
   (or past) compatibility. 'C' lets you fly free ...
   but that CAN be straight into a window pane  :-)





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#69153

Fromrbowman <bowman@montana.com>
Date2025-06-27 17:40 +0000
Message-ID<mc83bhFcp3sU1@mid.individual.net>
In reply to#69151
On Fri, 27 Jun 2025 13:24:06 -0400, c186282 wrote:

>   Some of us are old enough to remember when CPUs were
>    not always 4/8/16/32/64 ... plus even now they've added a lot of new
>    types like 128-bit ints. Simply ASSUMING an int is 16 bits is
>    'usually safe' but not necessarily 'best practice' and limits future
>    (or past) compatibility. 'C' lets you fly free ...
>    but that CAN be straight into a window pane

Assuming an int is 16 bits is not a good idea. I wouldn't even assume a 
short is 16 bits 

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#69155

FromLew Pitcher <lew.pitcher@digitalfreehold.ca>
Date2025-06-27 18:20 +0000
Message-ID<103mndf$57lc$1@dont-email.me>
In reply to#69153
On Fri, 27 Jun 2025 17:40:02 +0000, rbowman wrote:

> On Fri, 27 Jun 2025 13:24:06 -0400, c186282 wrote:
> 
>>   Some of us are old enough to remember when CPUs were
>>    not always 4/8/16/32/64 ... plus even now they've added a lot of new
>>    types like 128-bit ints. Simply ASSUMING an int is 16 bits is
>>    'usually safe' but not necessarily 'best practice' and limits future
>>    (or past) compatibility. 'C' lets you fly free ...
>>    but that CAN be straight into a window pane
> 
> Assuming an int is 16 bits is not a good idea. I wouldn't even assume a 
> short is 16 bits

It would depend on the programming language you use, it's conformance to
standards, and which standard it conforms to.

The ISO C standards, for instance, dictate that
- a char is at least 8 bits wide,
- an unsigned short int must be able to, at least, express values
  between 0 and 65535, and
- an unsigned int must be able to, at least, express values between 0 and
  65535

These last two imply that both unsigned short int and int are at least
16 bits wide. At least, according to the standard.

Now, you /can/ have a C compiler that DOES NOT comply, PARTIALLY complies,
or complies (WHEN REQUESTED) to the ISO C standard; for those compilers,
"you pay your money, and you take your chances"

HTH
-- 
Lew Pitcher
"In Skills We Trust"

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#69162

FromLawrence D'Oliveiro <ldo@nz.invalid>
Date2025-06-27 23:03 +0000
Message-ID<103n7ve$dqtr$7@dont-email.me>
In reply to#69155
On Fri, 27 Jun 2025 18:20:31 -0000 (UTC), Lew Pitcher wrote:

> These last two imply that both unsigned short int and int are at least
> 16 bits wide. At least, according to the standard.

Or, you know, just rely on the explicit definitions in stdint.h.

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#69165

Fromc186282 <c186282@nnada.net>
Date2025-06-28 01:13 -0400
Message-ID<nBCdnc6Kic6f58L1nZ2dnZfqnPhh4p2d@giganews.com>
In reply to#69162
On 6/27/25 7:03 PM, Lawrence D'Oliveiro wrote:
> On Fri, 27 Jun 2025 18:20:31 -0000 (UTC), Lew Pitcher wrote:
> 
>> These last two imply that both unsigned short int and int are at least
>> 16 bits wide. At least, according to the standard.
> 
> Or, you know, just rely on the explicit definitions in stdint.h.

   sizeof() will give the right sizes.

   Simple, easy to write, 'best practice'.

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#69166

Fromrbowman <bowman@montana.com>
Date2025-06-28 06:10 +0000
Message-ID<mc9faoFj9okU4@mid.individual.net>
In reply to#69165
On Sat, 28 Jun 2025 01:13:18 -0400, c186282 wrote:

> On 6/27/25 7:03 PM, Lawrence D'Oliveiro wrote:
>> On Fri, 27 Jun 2025 18:20:31 -0000 (UTC), Lew Pitcher wrote:
>> 
>>> These last two imply that both unsigned short int and int are at least
>>> 16 bits wide. At least, according to the standard.
>> 
>> Or, you know, just rely on the explicit definitions in stdint.h.
> 
>    sizeof() will give the right sizes.
> 
>    Simple, easy to write, 'best practice'.

#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>


int main(void) {
    printf("sizeof(char) %ld \n", sizeof(char));
    printf("sizeof(short) %ld \n", sizeof(short));
    printf("sizeof(int) %ld \n", sizeof(int));
    printf("sizeof(long) %ld \n", sizeof(long));
    return 0;
}

$ ./sizeof
sizeof(char) 1 
sizeof(short) 2 
sizeof(int) 4 
sizeof(long) 8 





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#69160

Fromc186282 <c186282@nnada.net>
Date2025-06-27 18:16 -0400
Message-ID<vAmdnSM-9LvohcL1nZ2dnZfqnPGdnZ2d@giganews.com>
In reply to#69153
On 6/27/25 1:40 PM, rbowman wrote:
> On Fri, 27 Jun 2025 13:24:06 -0400, c186282 wrote:
> 
>>    Some of us are old enough to remember when CPUs were
>>     not always 4/8/16/32/64 ... plus even now they've added a lot of new
>>     types like 128-bit ints. Simply ASSUMING an int is 16 bits is
>>     'usually safe' but not necessarily 'best practice' and limits future
>>     (or past) compatibility. 'C' lets you fly free ...
>>     but that CAN be straight into a window pane
> 
> Assuming an int is 16 bits is not a good idea. I wouldn't even assume a
> short is 16 bits

   Voice of experience for sure. Things have been
   represented/handled just SO many ways over the
   years. Using sizeof() is 'best practice' even
   if you're Just Sure how wide an int or whatever
   may be. 24 bits are still found in some DSPs
   and you MAY be asked someday to patch or port
   one of the old 12/18/24/36/48 programs.

   Ah ! Found a list of many CPUs, starting with
   the Babbage engine (50-bit words) :

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Word_(computer_architecture)#Table_of_word_sizes

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