Re: Confusing math problem

References	<kg5sog$lfb$1@dont-email.me> <mailman.2191.1361478337.2939.python-list@python.org> <kg67l7$bm8$1@dont-email.me>
From	Oscar Benjamin <oscar.j.benjamin@gmail.com>
Date	2013-02-21 22:53 +0000
Subject	Re: Confusing math problem
Newsgroups	comp.lang.python
Message-ID	<mailman.2209.1361487258.2939.python-list@python.org> (permalink)

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On 21 February 2013 22:39, Schizoid Man <schiz_man@21stcentury.com> wrote:
> "Dave Angel" <davea@davea.name> wrote in message
>>
>> On 02/21/2013 02:33 PM, Schizoid Man wrote:
>> However, there is an important inaccuracy in math.pow, because it uses
>> floats to do the work.  If you have very large integers, that means some of
>> them won't be correct.  The following are some examples for 2.7.3 on Linux:
>>
>>  a  b  math.pow(a,b)       a**b
>>  3 34 1.66771816997e+16 16677181699666569
>>  3 35 5.0031545099e+16 50031545098999707
>> ...
>>  5 23 1.19209289551e+16 11920928955078125
>>
>> The built-in pow, on the other hand, seems to get identical answers for
>> all these cases.  So use pow() instead of math.pow()
>
> I see. I thought using the ** was shorthand for math.pow() and didn't think
> that one would be integer operations and the other floats.

Then you want operator.pow:

>>> import operator
>>> operator.pow(3, 2)
9

math.pow is basically the (double)pow(double, double) function from
the underlying C library. operator.pow(a, b) is precisely the same as
a**b.

> I'm performing
> some large integer arithmetic operations. I would normally do this my
> writing my own multiplication class and storing results as strings, but a
> friend suggested that I look at Python.

There's no need to use strings if you're working with integers in
Python. The results with int (not float) will be exact and will not
overflow since Python's ints have unlimited range (unless your machine
runs out of memory but that only happens with *really* big integers).

If you want to do computations with non-integers and high precision,
take a look at the decimal and fractions modules.
http://docs.python.org/2/library/decimal.html
http://docs.python.org/2/library/fractions.html

There is also a good third party library, sympy, for more complicated
exact algebra:
http://sympy.org/en/index.html

Oscar

Thread

Confusing math problem "Schizoid Man" <schiz_man@21stcentury.com> - 2013-02-21 19:33 +0000
  Re: Confusing math problem Dave Angel <davea@davea.name> - 2013-02-21 15:25 -0500
    Re: Confusing math problem "Schizoid Man" <schiz_man@21stcentury.com> - 2013-02-21 22:39 +0000
      Re: Confusing math problem Oscar Benjamin <oscar.j.benjamin@gmail.com> - 2013-02-21 22:53 +0000
        Re: Confusing math problem "Schizoid Man" <schiz_man@21stcentury.com> - 2013-02-21 23:41 +0000
          Re: Confusing math problem Oscar Benjamin <oscar.j.benjamin@gmail.com> - 2013-02-22 00:04 +0000
          Re: Confusing math problem Ian Kelly <ian.g.kelly@gmail.com> - 2013-02-21 17:19 -0700
    Re: Confusing math problem "Schizoid Man" <schiz_man@21stcentury.com> - 2013-02-21 23:39 +0000
  Re: Confusing math problem Ian Kelly <ian.g.kelly@gmail.com> - 2013-02-21 13:42 -0700
  Re: Confusing math problem Chris Angelico <rosuav@gmail.com> - 2013-02-22 07:46 +1100
    Re: Confusing math problem "Schizoid Man" <schiz_man@21stcentury.com> - 2013-02-21 22:44 +0000
      Re: Confusing math problem Chris Angelico <rosuav@gmail.com> - 2013-02-22 11:29 +1100
      Re: Confusing math problem Dave Angel <davea@davea.name> - 2013-02-21 21:19 -0500
  Re: Confusing math problem Dave Angel <davea@davea.name> - 2013-02-21 15:49 -0500
  Re: Confusing math problem Chris Angelico <rosuav@gmail.com> - 2013-02-22 08:23 +1100
    Re: Confusing math problem Peter Pearson <ppearson@nowhere.invalid> - 2013-02-21 21:59 +0000
      Re: Confusing math problem Chris Angelico <rosuav@gmail.com> - 2013-02-22 09:11 +1100
      Re: Confusing math problem Dave Angel <davea@davea.name> - 2013-02-21 17:33 -0500
      Re: Confusing math problem Chris Angelico <rosuav@gmail.com> - 2013-02-22 10:15 +1100
    Re: Confusing math problem Steven D'Aprano <steve+comp.lang.python@pearwood.info> - 2013-02-22 09:16 +0000
      Re: Confusing math problem Serhiy Storchaka <storchaka@gmail.com> - 2013-02-22 13:48 +0200
  Re: Confusing math problem Steven D'Aprano <steve+comp.lang.python@pearwood.info> - 2013-02-22 09:27 +0000

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