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Groups > comp.arch > #111650 > unrolled thread

Why I've Dropped In

Started byquadibloc <quadibloc@gmail.com>
First post2025-05-19 19:15 +0000
Last post2025-06-19 01:03 +0000
Articles 20 on this page of 1000+ — 49 participants
Thread has 1028 articles; only the first 1000 are indexed.

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Thread has 1028 articles; showing the first 1000 in depth-first order. Use the flat group view to see the rest.


Contents

  Why I've Dropped In quadibloc <quadibloc@gmail.com> - 2025-05-19 19:15 +0000
    Re: Why I've Dropped In quadibloc <quadibloc@gmail.com> - 2025-05-19 21:26 +0000
      Re: Why I've Dropped In quadibloc <quadibloc@gmail.com> - 2025-05-21 15:07 +0000
        Re: Why I've Dropped In David Chmelik <dchmelik@gmail.com> - 2025-05-22 06:51 +0000
          Re: Why I've Dropped In mitchalsup@aol.com (MitchAlsup1) - 2025-05-22 17:42 +0000
            Re: Why I've Dropped In scott@slp53.sl.home (Scott Lurndal) - 2025-05-22 18:03 +0000
              Re: Why I've Dropped In mitchalsup@aol.com (MitchAlsup1) - 2025-05-23 12:37 +0000
                Re: Why I've Dropped In scott@slp53.sl.home (Scott Lurndal) - 2025-05-23 13:24 +0000
            Re: Why I've Dropped In John Savard <quadibloc@invalid.invalid> - 2025-07-26 05:57 +0000
            Re: Why I've Dropped In John Savard <quadibloc@invalid.invalid> - 2025-07-26 06:14 +0000
          Re: Why I've Dropped In quadibloc <quadibloc@gmail.com> - 2025-06-10 21:45 +0000
            Re: Why I've Dropped In BGB <cr88192@gmail.com> - 2025-06-10 22:45 -0500
              Re: Why I've Dropped In John Savard <quadibloc@invalid.invalid> - 2025-08-01 04:42 +0000
                Re: Why I've Dropped In Thomas Koenig <tkoenig@netcologne.de> - 2025-08-01 05:03 +0000
                Re: Why I've Dropped In BGB <cr88192@gmail.com> - 2025-08-01 18:07 -0500
                Re: Why I've Dropped In MitchAlsup <user5857@newsgrouper.org.invalid> - 2025-08-27 01:01 +0000
            Re: Why I've Dropped In quadibloc <quadibloc@gmail.com> - 2025-06-11 17:19 +0000
              Re: Why I've Dropped In "Chris M. Thomasson" <chris.m.thomasson.1@gmail.com> - 2025-06-11 12:16 -0700
                Re: Why I've Dropped In quadibloc <quadibloc@gmail.com> - 2025-06-12 02:11 +0000
                  Re: Why I've Dropped In "Chris M. Thomasson" <chris.m.thomasson.1@gmail.com> - 2025-06-12 11:48 -0700
                  Re: Why I've Dropped In "Chris M. Thomasson" <chris.m.thomasson.1@gmail.com> - 2025-06-15 17:26 -0700
              Re: Why I've Dropped In quadibloc <quadibloc@gmail.com> - 2025-06-12 08:00 +0000
        Re: Why I've Dropped In quadibloc <quadibloc@gmail.com> - 2025-06-10 22:53 +0000
          Re: Why I've Dropped In Thomas Koenig <tkoenig@netcologne.de> - 2025-06-11 05:56 +0000
            Re: Why I've Dropped In BGB <cr88192@gmail.com> - 2025-06-11 04:42 -0500
              Re: Why I've Dropped In mitchalsup@aol.com (MitchAlsup1) - 2025-06-11 16:37 +0000
                Re: Why I've Dropped In BGB <cr88192@gmail.com> - 2025-06-11 14:47 -0500
                  Re: Why I've Dropped In mitchalsup@aol.com (MitchAlsup1) - 2025-06-12 19:13 +0000
                    Re: Why I've Dropped In BGB <cr88192@gmail.com> - 2025-06-12 16:30 -0500
                      Re: Why I've Dropped In mitchalsup@aol.com (MitchAlsup1) - 2025-06-13 00:00 +0000
                        Re: Why I've Dropped In BGB <cr88192@gmail.com> - 2025-06-15 13:21 -0500
                          Re: Why I've Dropped In mitchalsup@aol.com (MitchAlsup1) - 2025-06-15 18:42 +0000
                            Re: Why I've Dropped In BGB <cr88192@gmail.com> - 2025-06-15 16:42 -0500
              Re: Why I've Dropped In anton@mips.complang.tuwien.ac.at (Anton Ertl) - 2025-06-11 16:51 +0000
                Re: Why I've Dropped In mitchalsup@aol.com (MitchAlsup1) - 2025-06-11 19:08 +0000
                  Re: Why I've Dropped In EricP <ThatWouldBeTelling@thevillage.com> - 2025-06-11 18:00 -0400
                    Re: Why I've Dropped In mitchalsup@aol.com (MitchAlsup1) - 2025-06-11 23:01 +0000
                      Re: Why I've Dropped In anton@mips.complang.tuwien.ac.at (Anton Ertl) - 2025-06-12 08:38 +0000
                        Re: Why I've Dropped In mitchalsup@aol.com (MitchAlsup1) - 2025-06-12 18:44 +0000
                          Re: Why I've Dropped In anton@mips.complang.tuwien.ac.at (Anton Ertl) - 2025-06-20 05:56 +0000
                        Re: Why I've Dropped In Thomas Koenig <tkoenig@netcologne.de> - 2025-06-12 19:55 +0000
                Re: Why I've Dropped In BGB <cr88192@gmail.com> - 2025-06-11 16:28 -0500
                  Re: Why I've Dropped In anton@mips.complang.tuwien.ac.at (Anton Ertl) - 2025-06-12 07:05 +0000
                    Re: Why I've Dropped In BGB <cr88192@gmail.com> - 2025-06-12 15:27 -0500
              Re: Why I've Dropped In quadibloc <quadibloc@gmail.com> - 2025-06-20 15:30 +0000
                Re: Why I've Dropped In mitchalsup@aol.com (MitchAlsup1) - 2025-06-20 15:59 +0000
                  Re: Why I've Dropped In moi <findlaybill@blueyonder.co.uk> - 2025-06-20 17:12 +0100
                    Re: Why I've Dropped In quadibloc <quadibloc@gmail.com> - 2025-06-20 19:46 +0000
                      Re: Why I've Dropped In John Savard <quadibloc@invalid.invalid> - 2025-07-23 16:03 +0000
            Re: Why I've Dropped In quadibloc <quadibloc@gmail.com> - 2025-06-11 14:12 +0000
              Re: Why I've Dropped In mitchalsup@aol.com (MitchAlsup1) - 2025-06-11 16:49 +0000
                Re: Why I've Dropped In quadibloc <quadibloc@gmail.com> - 2025-06-11 17:34 +0000
                  Re: Why I've Dropped In mitchalsup@aol.com (MitchAlsup1) - 2025-06-11 19:16 +0000
                    Re: Why I've Dropped In BGB <cr88192@gmail.com> - 2025-06-14 14:22 -0500
                Re: Why I've Dropped In Stefan Monnier <monnier@iro.umontreal.ca> - 2025-06-16 12:17 -0400
                  Re: Why I've Dropped In quadibloc <quadibloc@gmail.com> - 2025-06-17 01:07 +0000
                  Re: Why I've Dropped In Stephen Fuld <sfuld@alumni.cmu.edu.invalid> - 2025-06-16 18:26 -0700
                    Re: Why I've Dropped In mitchalsup@aol.com (MitchAlsup1) - 2025-06-17 17:45 +0000
                      Re: Why I've Dropped In Stephen Fuld <sfuld@alumni.cmu.edu.invalid> - 2025-06-17 11:09 -0700
                      Re: Why I've Dropped In Stefan Monnier <monnier@iro.umontreal.ca> - 2025-06-17 16:43 -0400
                        Re: Why I've Dropped In mitchalsup@aol.com (MitchAlsup1) - 2025-06-17 21:18 +0000
                          Re: Why I've Dropped In Stefan Monnier <monnier@iro.umontreal.ca> - 2025-06-17 18:14 -0400
                            Re: Why I've Dropped In anton@mips.complang.tuwien.ac.at (Anton Ertl) - 2025-06-18 07:31 +0000
                              Re: Why I've Dropped In Stefan Monnier <monnier@iro.umontreal.ca> - 2025-06-18 11:50 -0400
                                Re: Why I've Dropped In anton@mips.complang.tuwien.ac.at (Anton Ertl) - 2025-06-19 08:56 +0000
                              Re: Why I've Dropped In BGB <cr88192@gmail.com> - 2025-06-18 15:37 -0500
                        Re: Why I've Dropped In "Chris M. Thomasson" <chris.m.thomasson.1@gmail.com> - 2025-06-18 00:47 -0700
                          Re: Why I've Dropped In Stefan Monnier <monnier@iro.umontreal.ca> - 2025-06-18 11:22 -0400
                            Re: Why I've Dropped In "Chris M. Thomasson" <chris.m.thomasson.1@gmail.com> - 2025-06-19 21:45 -0700
              Re: Why I've Dropped In Thomas Koenig <tkoenig@netcologne.de> - 2025-06-11 17:05 +0000
                Re: Why I've Dropped In quadibloc <quadibloc@gmail.com> - 2025-06-12 15:00 +0000
                  Re: Why I've Dropped In Stephen Fuld <sfuld@alumni.cmu.edu.invalid> - 2025-06-12 08:44 -0700
                    Re: Why I've Dropped In quadibloc <quadibloc@gmail.com> - 2025-06-13 03:09 +0000
                      Re: Why I've Dropped In Stephen Fuld <sfuld@alumni.cmu.edu.invalid> - 2025-06-12 20:36 -0700
                        Re: Why I've Dropped In Thomas Koenig <tkoenig@netcologne.de> - 2025-06-13 06:03 +0000
                          Re: Why I've Dropped In quadibloc <quadibloc@gmail.com> - 2025-06-13 11:14 +0000
                          Re: Why I've Dropped In Stephen Fuld <sfuld@alumni.cmu.edu.invalid> - 2025-06-13 08:23 -0700
                            Re: Why I've Dropped In Thomas Koenig <tkoenig@netcologne.de> - 2025-06-13 17:40 +0000
                              Re: Why I've Dropped In Stephen Fuld <sfuld@alumni.cmu.edu.invalid> - 2025-06-13 10:57 -0700
                                Re: Why I've Dropped In Thomas Koenig <tkoenig@netcologne.de> - 2025-06-13 18:11 +0000
                                  Re: Why I've Dropped In scott@slp53.sl.home (Scott Lurndal) - 2025-06-13 18:18 +0000
                                  Re: Why I've Dropped In mitchalsup@aol.com (MitchAlsup1) - 2025-06-13 18:42 +0000
                                    Re: Why I've Dropped In Stephen Fuld <sfuld@alumni.cmu.edu.invalid> - 2025-06-14 20:31 -0700
                                      Re: Why I've Dropped In scott@slp53.sl.home (Scott Lurndal) - 2025-06-15 15:55 +0000
                                  Re: Why I've Dropped In Stephen Fuld <sfuld@alumni.cmu.edu.invalid> - 2025-06-13 11:55 -0700
                                  Re: base and bounds, Why I've Dropped In John Levine <johnl@taugh.com> - 2025-06-15 17:15 +0000
                                    Re: base and bounds, Why I've Dropped In Stephen Fuld <sfuld@alumni.cmu.edu.invalid> - 2025-06-15 12:17 -0700
                                      Re: base and bounds, Why I've Dropped In John Levine <johnl@taugh.com> - 2025-06-15 19:44 +0000
                                        Re: base and bounds, Why I've Dropped In mitchalsup@aol.com (MitchAlsup1) - 2025-06-15 20:09 +0000
                                          Re: base and bounds, Why I've Dropped In Stephen Fuld <sfuld@alumni.cmu.edu.invalid> - 2025-06-15 21:02 -0700
                                            Re: base and bounds, Why I've Dropped In quadibloc <quadibloc@gmail.com> - 2025-06-16 14:37 +0000
                                              Re: base and bounds, Why I've Dropped In Stephen Fuld <sfuld@alumni.cmu.edu.invalid> - 2025-06-16 07:55 -0700
                                            Re: base and bounds, Why I've Dropped In mitchalsup@aol.com (MitchAlsup1) - 2025-06-16 17:42 +0000
                                              Re: base and bounds, Why I've Dropped In Stephen Fuld <sfuld@alumni.cmu.edu.invalid> - 2025-06-16 10:56 -0700
                                                Re: base and bounds, Why I've Dropped In quadibloc <quadibloc@gmail.com> - 2025-06-16 21:52 +0000
                                                  Re: base and bounds, Why I've Dropped In Stephen Fuld <sfuld@alumni.cmu.edu.invalid> - 2025-06-16 15:04 -0700
                                              Re: base and bounds, Why I've Dropped In scott@slp53.sl.home (Scott Lurndal) - 2025-06-16 18:11 +0000
                                          Re: base and bounds, Why I've Dropped In scott@slp53.sl.home (Scott Lurndal) - 2025-06-16 14:25 +0000
                                          Re: base and bounds, Why I've Dropped In quadibloc <quadibloc@gmail.com> - 2025-06-16 14:45 +0000
                                        Re: base and bounds, Why I've Dropped In Stephen Fuld <sfuld@alumni.cmu.edu.invalid> - 2025-06-15 14:39 -0700
                                          Re: base and bounds, Why I've Dropped In John Levine <johnl@taugh.com> - 2025-06-16 02:33 +0000
                                    Re: base and bounds, Why I've Dropped In scott@slp53.sl.home (Scott Lurndal) - 2025-06-16 14:22 +0000
                                      Re: big pages, base and bounds, Why I've Dropped In John Levine <johnl@taugh.com> - 2025-06-16 16:42 +0000
                                        Re: big pages, base and bounds, Why I've Dropped In scott@slp53.sl.home (Scott Lurndal) - 2025-06-16 16:52 +0000
                                Re: Why I've Dropped In Lars Poulsen <lars@cleo.beagle-ears.com> - 2025-06-13 19:49 +0000
                              Re: Why I've Dropped In mitchalsup@aol.com (MitchAlsup1) - 2025-06-13 18:37 +0000
                                Re: Why I've Dropped In scott@slp53.sl.home (Scott Lurndal) - 2025-06-13 21:09 +0000
                              Re: Why I've Dropped In quadibloc <quadibloc@gmail.com> - 2025-06-13 20:27 +0000
                                Re: Why I've Dropped In Thomas Koenig <tkoenig@netcologne.de> - 2025-06-14 10:48 +0000
                                  Re: Why I've Dropped In Stephen Fuld <sfuld@alumni.cmu.edu.invalid> - 2025-06-14 09:45 -0700
                                    Re: Why I've Dropped In EricP <ThatWouldBeTelling@thevillage.com> - 2025-06-14 13:56 -0400
                                      Re: Why I've Dropped In Stephen Fuld <sfuld@alumni.cmu.edu.invalid> - 2025-06-14 12:23 -0700
                                        Re: Why I've Dropped In quadibloc <quadibloc@gmail.com> - 2025-06-14 21:26 +0000
                                          Re: Why I've Dropped In Stephen Fuld <sfuld@alumni.cmu.edu.invalid> - 2025-06-14 14:37 -0700
                                          Re: Why I've Dropped In quadibloc <quadibloc@gmail.com> - 2025-06-14 21:49 +0000
                                            Re: Why I've Dropped In Stephen Fuld <sfuld@alumni.cmu.edu.invalid> - 2025-06-14 20:34 -0700
                                              Re: Why I've Dropped In quadibloc <quadibloc@gmail.com> - 2025-06-15 03:52 +0000
                                                Re: Why I've Dropped In quadibloc <quadibloc@gmail.com> - 2025-06-15 04:04 +0000
                                                  Re: Why I've Dropped In quadibloc <quadibloc@gmail.com> - 2025-06-15 04:09 +0000
                                                    Re: Why I've Dropped In quadibloc <quadibloc@gmail.com> - 2025-06-15 04:38 +0000
                                                    Re: Why I've Dropped In Thomas Koenig <tkoenig@netcologne.de> - 2025-06-15 07:37 +0000
                                                      Re: Why I've Dropped In Stephen Fuld <sfuld@alumni.cmu.edu.invalid> - 2025-06-15 07:00 -0700
                                                        Re: swapping pain, Why I've Dropped In John Levine <johnl@taugh.com> - 2025-06-15 17:39 +0000
                                                          Re: swapping pain, Why I've Dropped In Stephen Fuld <sfuld@alumni.cmu.edu.invalid> - 2025-06-15 12:23 -0700
                                              Re: base hackery, Why I've Dropped In John Levine <johnl@taugh.com> - 2025-06-15 17:22 +0000
                                            Re: Why I've Dropped In EricP <ThatWouldBeTelling@thevillage.com> - 2025-06-15 09:48 -0400
                                    Re: Why I've Dropped In Thomas Koenig <tkoenig@netcologne.de> - 2025-06-14 18:51 +0000
                                      Re: Why I've Dropped In Stephen Fuld <sfuld@alumni.cmu.edu.invalid> - 2025-06-14 12:33 -0700
                                        Re: Why I've Dropped In Thomas Koenig <tkoenig@netcologne.de> - 2025-06-14 20:06 +0000
                                    Re: Why I've Dropped In quadibloc <quadibloc@gmail.com> - 2025-06-15 19:29 +0000
                                      Re: Why I've Dropped In Stephen Fuld <sfuld@alumni.cmu.edu.invalid> - 2025-06-18 09:55 -0700
                                        Re: more addressing, Why I've Dropped In John Levine <johnl@taugh.com> - 2025-06-18 18:19 +0000
                                          Re: more addressing, Why I've Dropped In Stephen Fuld <sfuld@alumni.cmu.edu.invalid> - 2025-06-18 12:07 -0700
                                            Re: more addressing, Why I've Dropped In Thomas Koenig <tkoenig@netcologne.de> - 2025-06-19 06:13 +0000
                                              Re: more addressing, Why I've Dropped In Stephen Fuld <sfuld@alumni.cmu.edu.invalid> - 2025-06-18 23:39 -0700
                                                Re: more addressing, Why I've Dropped In Thomas Koenig <tkoenig@netcologne.de> - 2025-06-19 07:46 +0000
                        Re: Why I've Dropped In scott@slp53.sl.home (Scott Lurndal) - 2025-06-13 13:14 +0000
                    Re: Why I've Dropped In quadibloc <quadibloc@gmail.com> - 2025-06-13 11:52 +0000
                      Re: Why I've Dropped In Stephen Fuld <sfuld@alumni.cmu.edu.invalid> - 2025-06-13 08:15 -0700
                        Re: Why I've Dropped In quadibloc <quadibloc@gmail.com> - 2025-06-13 19:50 +0000
                          Re: Why I've Dropped In Stephen Fuld <sfuld@alumni.cmu.edu.invalid> - 2025-06-13 13:50 -0700
                            Re: Why I've Dropped In mitchalsup@aol.com (MitchAlsup1) - 2025-06-13 22:01 +0000
                              Re: Why I've Dropped In Stephen Fuld <sfuld@alumni.cmu.edu.invalid> - 2025-06-13 23:10 -0700
                                Re: Why I've Dropped In anton@mips.complang.tuwien.ac.at (Anton Ertl) - 2025-06-14 09:26 +0000
                                  Re: Why I've Dropped In Thomas Koenig <tkoenig@netcologne.de> - 2025-06-14 10:44 +0000
                                    Re: Why I've Dropped In anton@mips.complang.tuwien.ac.at (Anton Ertl) - 2025-06-14 15:40 +0000
                                      Re: Why I've Dropped In Stephen Fuld <sfuld@alumni.cmu.edu.invalid> - 2025-06-14 09:24 -0700
                                        Re: Why I've Dropped In Thomas Koenig <tkoenig@netcologne.de> - 2025-06-14 16:49 +0000
                                        Re: Why I've Dropped In anton@mips.complang.tuwien.ac.at (Anton Ertl) - 2025-06-14 16:39 +0000
                                          Re: Why I've Dropped In scott@slp53.sl.home (Scott Lurndal) - 2025-06-15 01:07 +0000
                                            Re: Why I've Dropped In anton@mips.complang.tuwien.ac.at (Anton Ertl) - 2025-06-15 07:10 +0000
                                              Re: Why I've Dropped In scott@slp53.sl.home (Scott Lurndal) - 2025-06-15 16:01 +0000
                                                Re: Why I've Dropped In anton@mips.complang.tuwien.ac.at (Anton Ertl) - 2025-06-15 16:53 +0000
                                                  Re: static linked libraries, Why I've Dropped In John Levine <johnl@taugh.com> - 2025-06-15 17:54 +0000
                                                  Re: Why I've Dropped In Robert Swindells <rjs@fdy2.co.uk> - 2025-06-15 19:24 +0000
                                                  Re: Why I've Dropped In scott@slp53.sl.home (Scott Lurndal) - 2025-06-16 14:15 +0000
                                            Re: static libraries, Why I've Dropped In John Levine <johnl@taugh.com> - 2025-06-15 17:00 +0000
                                        Re: Why I've Dropped In John Savard <quadibloc@invalid.invalid> - 2025-07-24 10:47 +0000
                                      Re: Why I've Dropped In Thomas Koenig <tkoenig@netcologne.de> - 2025-06-14 16:56 +0000
                                  Re: Why I've Dropped In Lars Poulsen <lars@cleo.beagle-ears.com> - 2025-06-14 12:42 +0000
                                  Re: Why I've Dropped In anton@mips.complang.tuwien.ac.at (Anton Ertl) - 2025-06-14 15:53 +0000
                                  Re: Why I've Dropped In mitchalsup@aol.com (MitchAlsup1) - 2025-06-14 17:02 +0000
                                    Re: Why I've Dropped In quadibloc <quadibloc@gmail.com> - 2025-06-14 21:19 +0000
                                  Re: fitting programs in Why I've Dropped In John Levine <johnl@taugh.com> - 2025-06-14 22:12 +0000
                                  Re: Why I've Dropped In Stephen Fuld <sfuld@alumni.cmu.edu.invalid> - 2025-06-14 20:51 -0700
                                    Re: base and bounds, Why I've Dropped In John Levine <johnl@taugh.com> - 2025-06-15 18:08 +0000
                                      Re: base and bounds, Why I've Dropped In Stephen Fuld <sfuld@alumni.cmu.edu.invalid> - 2025-06-15 12:38 -0700
                                        Re: old and slow base and bounds, Why I've Dropped In John Levine <johnl@taugh.com> - 2025-06-15 20:20 +0000
                                          Re: old and slow base and bounds, Why I've Dropped In Al Kossow <aek@bitsavers.org> - 2025-06-15 18:48 -0700
                                          Re: old and slow base and bounds, Why I've Dropped In Stephen Fuld <sfuld@alumni.cmu.edu.invalid> - 2025-06-18 10:35 -0700
                                            Re: old and slow base and bounds, Why I've Dropped In John Levine <johnl@taugh.com> - 2025-06-18 19:51 +0000
                                              Re: old and slow base and bounds, Why I've Dropped In Stephen Fuld <sfuld@alumni.cmu.edu.invalid> - 2025-06-18 15:30 -0700
                                                Re: old and slow base and bounds, Why I've Dropped In John Levine <johnl@taugh.com> - 2025-06-19 01:23 +0000
                                                  Re: old and slow base and bounds, Why I've Dropped In Stephen Fuld <sfuld@alumni.cmu.edu.invalid> - 2025-06-18 19:41 -0700
                                                    Re: old and slow base and bounds, Why I've Dropped In quadibloc <quadibloc@gmail.com> - 2025-06-19 05:36 +0000
                                                      Re: old and slow base and bounds, Why I've Dropped In Stephen Fuld <sfuld@alumni.cmu.edu.invalid> - 2025-06-18 23:10 -0700
                                                      Re: old and slow base and bounds, Why I've Dropped In EricP <ThatWouldBeTelling@thevillage.com> - 2025-06-19 09:35 -0400
                                                        Re: old and slow base and bounds, Why I've Dropped In Thomas Koenig <tkoenig@netcologne.de> - 2025-06-19 15:11 +0000
                                                          Re: Fortran, old and slow base and bounds, Why I've Dropped In John Levine <johnl@taugh.com> - 2025-06-19 18:03 +0000
                                                        Re: old and slow base and bounds, Why I've Dropped In quadibloc <quadibloc@gmail.com> - 2025-06-19 18:53 +0000
                                                        Re: old and slow base and bounds, Why I've Dropped In mitchalsup@aol.com (MitchAlsup1) - 2025-06-19 23:18 +0000
                                                          Re: old and slow base and bounds, Why I've Dropped In EricP <ThatWouldBeTelling@thevillage.com> - 2025-06-20 15:13 -0400
                                                            Re: old and slow base and bounds, Why I've Dropped In Thomas Koenig <tkoenig@netcologne.de> - 2025-06-20 20:35 +0000
                                                              Re: old and slow base and bounds, Why I've Dropped In mitchalsup@aol.com (MitchAlsup1) - 2025-06-20 21:27 +0000
                                                            Re: old and slow base and bounds, Why I've Dropped In mitchalsup@aol.com (MitchAlsup1) - 2025-06-20 21:09 +0000
                                                            Re: old and slow base and bounds, Why I've Dropped In mitchalsup@aol.com (MitchAlsup1) - 2025-06-20 21:48 +0000
                                                              Re: old and slow base and bounds, Why I've Dropped In EricP <ThatWouldBeTelling@thevillage.com> - 2025-06-21 14:57 -0400
                                                        Re: old and slow base and bounds, Why I've Dropped In mitchalsup@aol.com (MitchAlsup1) - 2025-06-19 23:36 +0000
                                                          Re: old and slow base and bounds, Why I've Dropped In John Levine <johnl@taugh.com> - 2025-06-20 01:32 +0000
                                                            Re: old and slow base and bounds, Why I've Dropped In quadibloc <quadibloc@gmail.com> - 2025-06-20 13:45 +0000
                                                            Re: old and slow base and bounds, Why I've Dropped In Thomas Koenig <tkoenig@netcologne.de> - 2025-06-20 17:19 +0000
                                                              Re: old and slow base and bounds, Why I've Dropped In John Levine <johnl@taugh.com> - 2025-06-20 18:06 +0000
                                                                Re: old and slow base and bounds, Why I've Dropped In Thomas Koenig <tkoenig@netcologne.de> - 2025-06-20 18:31 +0000
                                                                  Re: old and slow base and bounds, Why I've Dropped In Stephen Fuld <sfuld@alumni.cmu.edu.invalid> - 2025-06-20 12:27 -0700
                                                                    Re: emulation, old and slow base and bounds, Why I've Dropped In John Levine <johnl@taugh.com> - 2025-06-20 20:16 +0000
                                                                      Re: emulation, old and slow base and bounds, Why I've Dropped In Thomas Koenig <tkoenig@netcologne.de> - 2025-06-20 20:47 +0000
                                                                    Re: old and slow base and bounds, Why I've Dropped In Thomas Koenig <tkoenig@netcologne.de> - 2025-06-20 21:26 +0000
                                                                  Re: old and slow base and bounds, Why I've Dropped In scott@slp53.sl.home (Scott Lurndal) - 2025-06-21 14:33 +0000
                                                                Re: old and slow base and bounds, Why I've Dropped In mitchalsup@aol.com (MitchAlsup1) - 2025-06-20 21:34 +0000
                                                                  Re: old and slow base and bounds, Why I've Dropped In quadibloc <quadibloc@gmail.com> - 2025-06-20 23:57 +0000
                                                                    Re: old and slow base and bounds, Why I've Dropped In quadibloc <quadibloc@gmail.com> - 2025-06-21 00:06 +0000
                                                                      Re: old and slow base and bounds, Why I've Dropped In quadibloc <quadibloc@gmail.com> - 2025-06-21 00:13 +0000
                                                                        Re: old and slow base and bounds, Why I've Dropped In Stephen Fuld <sfuld@alumni.cmu.edu.invalid> - 2025-06-20 23:20 -0700
                                                                      Re: old and slow base and bounds, Why I've Dropped In quadibloc <quadibloc@gmail.com> - 2025-06-21 07:40 +0000
                                                                    Killer Micros (was: old and slow base and bounds) anton@mips.complang.tuwien.ac.at (Anton Ertl) - 2025-06-21 09:56 +0000
                                                                    Re: old and slow base and bounds, Why I've Dropped In antispam@fricas.org (Waldek Hebisch) - 2025-06-21 14:25 +0000
                                                                      Re: old and slow base and bounds, Why I've Dropped In Stefan Monnier <monnier@iro.umontreal.ca> - 2025-06-21 11:39 -0400
                                                                        Re: old and slow base and bounds, Why I've Dropped In Vir Campestris <vir.campestris@invalid.invalid> - 2025-06-21 16:50 +0100
                                                                        Re: mainframe vs mini, old and slow base and bounds, Why I've Dropped In John Levine <johnl@taugh.com> - 2025-06-21 17:59 +0000
                                                                          Re: mainframe vs mini, old and slow base and bounds, Why I've Dropped In mitchalsup@aol.com (MitchAlsup1) - 2025-06-21 18:26 +0000
                                                                            Re: mainframe vs mini, old and slow base and bounds, Why I've Dropped In John Levine <johnl@taugh.com> - 2025-06-21 19:37 +0000
                                                                              Re: mainframe vs mini, old and slow base and bounds, Why I've Dropped In Lars Poulsen <lars@cleo.beagle-ears.com> - 2025-06-21 20:27 +0000
                                                                                Re: mainframe vs mini, old and slow base and bounds, Why I've Dropped In John Levine <johnl@taugh.com> - 2025-06-21 20:31 +0000
                                                                                Re: mainframe vs mini, old and slow base and bounds, Why I've Dropped In mitchalsup@aol.com (MitchAlsup1) - 2025-06-21 20:36 +0000
                                                                                  Re: mainframe vs mini, old and slow base and bounds, Why I've Dropped In "Chris M. Thomasson" <chris.m.thomasson.1@gmail.com> - 2025-06-21 14:27 -0700
                                                                                  Re: mainframe vs mini, old and slow base and bounds, Why I've Dropped In Terje Mathisen <terje.mathisen@tmsw.no> - 2025-06-24 09:45 +0200
                                                                                Re: mainframe vs mini, old and slow base and bounds, Why I've Dropped In Thomas Koenig <tkoenig@netcologne.de> - 2025-06-22 06:34 +0000
                                                                                Re: mainframe vs mini, old and slow base and bounds, Why I've Dropped In Andreas Eder <a_eder_muc@web.de> - 2025-06-22 11:52 +0200
                                                                          Re: mainframe vs mini, old and slow base and bounds, Why I've Dropped In quadibloc <quadibloc@gmail.com> - 2025-06-22 00:55 +0000
                                                                            Re: mainframe vs mini, old and slow base and bounds, Why I've Dropped In Vir Campestris <vir.campestris@invalid.invalid> - 2025-07-01 14:22 +0100
                                                                              Re: mainframe vs mini, old and slow base and bounds, Why I've Dropped In John Levine <johnl@taugh.com> - 2025-07-01 17:39 +0000
                                                                                Re: mainframe vs mini, old and slow base and bounds, Why I've Dropped In scott@slp53.sl.home (Scott Lurndal) - 2025-07-01 18:00 +0000
                                                                          Re: mainframe vs mini, old and slow base and bounds, Why I've Dropped In antispam@fricas.org (Waldek Hebisch) - 2025-06-22 20:23 +0000
                                                                            Re: mainframe vs mini, old and slow base and bounds, Why I've Dropped In Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com> - 2025-06-22 12:15 -1000
                                                                              Re: mainframe vs mini, old and slow base and bounds, Why I've Dropped In quadibloc <quadibloc@gmail.com> - 2025-06-22 22:44 +0000
                                                                                Re: mainframe vs mini, old and slow base and bounds, Why I've Dropped In EricP <ThatWouldBeTelling@thevillage.com> - 2025-06-23 09:23 -0400
                                                                                  Re: mainframe vs mini, old and slow base and bounds, Why I've Dropped In quadibloc <quadibloc@gmail.com> - 2025-06-23 20:04 +0000
                                                                                    Re: mainframe vs mini, old and slow base and bounds, Why I've Dropped In John Levine <johnl@taugh.com> - 2025-06-23 23:16 +0000
                                                                                      Re: mainframe vs mini, old and slow base and bounds, Why I've Dropped In Al Kossow <aek@bitsavers.org> - 2025-06-23 17:02 -0700
                                                                                      Re: mainframe vs mini, old and slow base and bounds, Why I've Dropped In quadibloc <quadibloc@gmail.com> - 2025-06-24 00:25 +0000
                                                                                        Re: mainframe vs mini, old and slow base and bounds, Why I've Dropped In mitchalsup@aol.com (MitchAlsup1) - 2025-06-24 00:53 +0000
                                                                                          Re: mainframe vs mini, old and slow base and bounds, Why I've Dropped In quadibloc <quadibloc@gmail.com> - 2025-06-24 02:49 +0000
                                                                                          Re: mainframe vs mini, old and slow base and bounds, Why I've Dropped In Thomas Koenig <tkoenig@netcologne.de> - 2025-06-24 06:21 +0000
                                                                                          Re: mainframe vs mini, old and slow base and bounds, Why I've Dropped In Terje Mathisen <terje.mathisen@tmsw.no> - 2025-06-24 09:59 +0200
                                                                                        Re: mainframe vs mini, old and slow base and bounds, Why I've Dropped In Thomas Koenig <tkoenig@netcologne.de> - 2025-06-24 06:16 +0000
                                                                                        Re: mainframe vs mini, old and slow base and bounds, Why I've Dropped In antispam@fricas.org (Waldek Hebisch) - 2025-06-24 14:12 +0000
                                                                                          Re: mainframe vs mini, old and slow base and bounds, Why I've Dropped In Al Kossow <aek@bitsavers.org> - 2025-06-24 07:43 -0700
                                                                                            Re: mainframe vs mini, old and slow base and bounds, Why I've Dropped In quadibloc <quadibloc@gmail.com> - 2025-06-24 14:53 +0000
                                                                                      Re: mainframe vs mini, old and slow base and bounds, Why I've Dropped In scott@slp53.sl.home (Scott Lurndal) - 2025-06-24 14:48 +0000
                                                                                      Re: mainframe vs mini, old and slow base and bounds, Why I've Dropped In EricP <ThatWouldBeTelling@thevillage.com> - 2025-06-24 13:01 -0400
                                                                      Re: old and slow base and bounds, Why I've Dropped In quadibloc <quadibloc@gmail.com> - 2025-06-21 17:49 +0000
                                                                  Re: old and slow base and bounds, Why I've Dropped In scott@slp53.sl.home (Scott Lurndal) - 2025-06-21 14:36 +0000
                                                      Re: old and slow base and bounds, Why I've Dropped In mitchalsup@aol.com (MitchAlsup1) - 2025-06-19 13:37 +0000
                                                    Re: old and slow base and bounds, Why I've Dropped In John Levine <johnl@taugh.com> - 2025-06-19 17:52 +0000
                                                      Re: old and slow base and bounds, Why I've Dropped In quadibloc <quadibloc@gmail.com> - 2025-06-19 19:00 +0000
                                                        Re: old and slow base and bounds, Why I've Dropped In Stephen Fuld <sfuld@alumni.cmu.edu.invalid> - 2025-06-20 07:42 -0700
                                                        Re: cramming 24 bits of address into 16 bits, was old and slow base and bounds John Levine <johnl@taugh.com> - 2025-06-20 18:40 +0000
                                                          Re: cramming 24 bits of address into 16 bits, was old and slow base and bounds EricP <ThatWouldBeTelling@thevillage.com> - 2025-06-20 17:15 -0400
                                                            Re: cramming 24 bits of address into 16 bits, was old and slow base and bounds Thomas Koenig <tkoenig@netcologne.de> - 2025-06-20 21:30 +0000
                                                            Re: cramming 24 bits of address into 16 bits, was old and slow base and bounds John Levine <johnl@taugh.com> - 2025-06-21 17:21 +0000
                                                              Re: cramming 24 bits of address into 16 bits, was old and slow base and bounds EricP <ThatWouldBeTelling@thevillage.com> - 2025-06-21 15:46 -0400
                                                          Re: cramming 24 bits of address into 16 bits, was old and slow base and bounds Stephen Fuld <sfuld@alumni.cmu.edu.invalid> - 2025-06-21 22:42 -0700
                                                            Re: cramming 24 bits of address into 16 bits, was old and slow base and bounds Stephen Fuld <sfuld@alumni.cmu.edu.invalid> - 2025-06-24 10:58 -0700
                                                              Re: cramming 24 bits of address into 16 bits, was old and slow base and bounds John Levine <johnl@taugh.com> - 2025-06-24 19:31 +0000
                                                      Re: old and slow base and bounds, Why I've Dropped In Stephen Fuld <sfuld@alumni.cmu.edu.invalid> - 2025-06-19 12:36 -0700
                                                        Re: old and slow base and bounds, Why I've Dropped In John Levine <johnl@taugh.com> - 2025-06-19 21:45 +0000
                                                          Re: old and slow base and bounds, Why I've Dropped In Stephen Fuld <sfuld@alumni.cmu.edu.invalid> - 2025-06-19 16:05 -0700
                                                            Re: old and slow base and bounds, Why I've Dropped In mitchalsup@aol.com (MitchAlsup1) - 2025-06-19 23:45 +0000
                                                          Re: old and slow base and bounds, Why I've Dropped In quadibloc <quadibloc@gmail.com> - 2025-06-20 14:51 +0000
                                                            Re: old and slow base and bounds, Why I've Dropped In mitchalsup@aol.com (MitchAlsup1) - 2025-06-20 15:55 +0000
                                                      Re: old and slow base and bounds, Why I've Dropped In Thomas Koenig <tkoenig@netcologne.de> - 2025-06-19 20:25 +0000
                                                  Re: old and slow base and bounds, Why I've Dropped In Thomas Koenig <tkoenig@netcologne.de> - 2025-06-19 12:12 +0000
                                                  Re: old and slow base and bounds, Why I've Dropped In EricP <ThatWouldBeTelling@thevillage.com> - 2025-06-19 10:32 -0400
                                                    Re: old and slow base and bounds, Why I've Dropped In Thomas Koenig <tkoenig@netcologne.de> - 2025-06-19 14:54 +0000
                                                      Re: old and slow base and bounds, Why I've Dropped In EricP <ThatWouldBeTelling@thevillage.com> - 2025-06-19 20:36 -0400
                                                        Re: old and slow base and bounds, Why I've Dropped In John Levine <johnl@taugh.com> - 2025-06-20 01:10 +0000
                                                        Re: old and slow base and bounds, Why I've Dropped In mitchalsup@aol.com (MitchAlsup1) - 2025-06-20 01:15 +0000
                                            Re: old and slow base and bounds, Why I've Dropped In antispam@fricas.org (Waldek Hebisch) - 2025-06-21 12:04 +0000
                                              Re: old and slow base and bounds, Why I've Dropped In Thomas Koenig <tkoenig@netcologne.de> - 2025-06-21 20:32 +0000
                                                Re: old and slow base and bounds, Why I've Dropped In antispam@fricas.org (Waldek Hebisch) - 2025-06-22 01:26 +0000
                                                  Re: old and slow base and bounds, Why I've Dropped In John Levine <johnl@taugh.com> - 2025-06-22 01:36 +0000
                                                    Re: old and slow base and bounds, Why I've Dropped In Thomas Koenig <tkoenig@netcologne.de> - 2025-06-22 08:57 +0000
                                                      Re: linking and sortiing, old and slow base and bounds, John Levine <johnl@taugh.com> - 2025-06-22 17:52 +0000
                                                        Re: linking and sortiing, old and slow base and bounds, mitchalsup@aol.com (MitchAlsup1) - 2025-06-22 18:25 +0000
                                                        Re: linking and sortiing, old and slow base and bounds, scott@slp53.sl.home (Scott Lurndal) - 2025-06-22 20:29 +0000
                                                          Re: tape hacks, linking and sortiing John Levine <johnl@taugh.com> - 2025-06-22 22:44 +0000
                                                        Re: linking and sortiing, old and slow base and bounds, Thomas Koenig <tkoenig@netcologne.de> - 2025-06-23 06:07 +0000
                                                          Re: linking and sortiing, old and slow base and bounds, quadibloc <quadibloc@gmail.com> - 2025-06-23 09:56 +0000
                                                            Re: linking and sortiing, old and slow base and bounds, quadibloc <quadibloc@gmail.com> - 2025-06-23 10:01 +0000
                                                            Re: linking and sortiing, old and slow base and bounds, Thomas Koenig <tkoenig@netcologne.de> - 2025-06-23 17:13 +0000
                                                Re: old and slow base and bounds, Why I've Dropped In John Levine <johnl@taugh.com> - 2025-06-22 01:31 +0000
                                Re: Why I've Dropped In mitchalsup@aol.com (MitchAlsup1) - 2025-06-14 17:00 +0000
                                  Re: Why I've Dropped In John Savard <quadibloc@invalid.invalid> - 2025-07-28 23:18 +0000
                                    Re: Why I've Dropped In BGB <cr88192@gmail.com> - 2025-07-28 22:56 -0500
                                      Re: Why I've Dropped In MitchAlsup <user5857@newsgrouper.org.invalid> - 2025-08-26 21:46 +0000
                                    VAX (was: Why I've Dropped In) anton@mips.complang.tuwien.ac.at (Anton Ertl) - 2025-07-29 08:45 +0000
                                      Re: VAX (was: Why I've Dropped In) John Levine <johnl@taugh.com> - 2025-07-29 16:44 +0000
                                        Re: VAX (was: Why I've Dropped In) anton@mips.complang.tuwien.ac.at (Anton Ertl) - 2025-07-30 05:59 +0000
                                          Re: VAX BGB <cr88192@gmail.com> - 2025-07-30 04:02 -0500
                                            Re: VAX Thomas Koenig <tkoenig@netcologne.de> - 2025-07-30 16:24 +0000
                                              Re: VAX BGB <cr88192@gmail.com> - 2025-07-30 13:24 -0500
                                            Re: VAX anton@mips.complang.tuwien.ac.at (Anton Ertl) - 2025-08-01 17:02 +0000
                                              Re: VAX BGB <cr88192@gmail.com> - 2025-08-01 15:24 -0500
                                                Re: VAX anton@mips.complang.tuwien.ac.at (Anton Ertl) - 2025-08-02 15:33 +0000
                                                  Re: VAX BGB <cr88192@gmail.com> - 2025-08-02 15:15 -0500
                                                    Re: VAX BGB <cr88192@gmail.com> - 2025-08-02 18:55 -0500
                                                    Re: VAX anton@mips.complang.tuwien.ac.at (Anton Ertl) - 2025-08-04 16:33 +0000
                                                  Re: VAX MitchAlsup <user5857@newsgrouper.org.invalid> - 2025-08-25 00:56 +0000
                                                  Re: VAX MitchAlsup <user5857@newsgrouper.org.invalid> - 2025-08-31 18:04 +0000
                                                    What is more important MitchAlsup <user5857@newsgrouper.org.invalid> - 2025-09-04 15:23 +0000
                                                      Re: What is more important Stephen Fuld <sfuld@alumni.cmu.edu.invalid> - 2025-09-04 10:25 -0700
                                                        Re: What is more important MitchAlsup <user5857@newsgrouper.org.invalid> - 2025-09-04 21:00 +0000
                                                        Re: What is more important BGB <cr88192@gmail.com> - 2025-09-04 16:54 -0500
                                                      Re: What is more important anton@mips.complang.tuwien.ac.at (Anton Ertl) - 2025-09-05 15:03 +0000
                                                        Re: What is more important BGB <cr88192@gmail.com> - 2025-09-05 14:26 -0500
                                                          Re: What is more important BGB <cr88192@gmail.com> - 2025-09-05 14:38 -0500
                                                      Re: What is more important Robert Finch <robfi680@gmail.com> - 2025-09-05 21:56 -0400
                                                        Re: What is more important Thomas Koenig <tkoenig@netcologne.de> - 2025-09-10 13:31 +0000
                                          Re: VAX (was: Why I've Dropped In) Lars Poulsen <lars@cleo.beagle-ears.com> - 2025-07-30 17:17 +0000
                                            Re: VAX (was: Why I've Dropped In) anton@mips.complang.tuwien.ac.at (Anton Ertl) - 2025-08-01 17:16 +0000
                                              Re: VAX (was: Why I've Dropped In) scott@slp53.sl.home (Scott Lurndal) - 2025-08-01 18:11 +0000
                                                Re: VAX (was: Why I've Dropped In) cross@spitfire.i.gajendra.net (Dan Cross) - 2025-08-01 20:41 +0000
                                                  Re: VAX (was: Why I've Dropped In) Thomas Koenig <tkoenig@netcologne.de> - 2025-08-02 09:07 +0000
                                                    Re: VAX (was: Why I've Dropped In) Lawrence D'Oliveiro <ldo@nz.invalid> - 2025-08-02 23:21 +0000
                                                      Re: VAX Stefan Monnier <monnier@iro.umontreal.ca> - 2025-08-02 23:10 -0400
                                                        Re: VAX Lawrence D'Oliveiro <ldo@nz.invalid> - 2025-08-03 09:14 +0000
                                                          Re: VAX Peter Flass <Peter@Iron-Spring.com> - 2025-08-03 07:41 -0700
                                                          Re: VAX anton@mips.complang.tuwien.ac.at (Anton Ertl) - 2025-08-06 10:24 +0000
                                                            Re: VAX Lawrence D'Oliveiro <ldo@nz.invalid> - 2025-08-06 23:40 +0000
                                                        Re: VAX John Ames <commodorejohn@gmail.com> - 2025-08-04 08:32 -0700
                                                          Re: VAX BGB <cr88192@gmail.com> - 2025-08-04 11:47 -0500
                                                          Re: VAX scott@slp53.sl.home (Scott Lurndal) - 2025-08-04 17:20 +0000
                                                            Re: 32 vs 64 bits, was VAX John Levine <johnl@taugh.com> - 2025-08-04 18:17 +0000
                                                              Re: 32 vs 64 bits, was VAX Michael S <already5chosen@yahoo.com> - 2025-08-04 22:17 +0300
                                                                Re: 32 vs 64 bits, was VAX Lawrence D'Oliveiro <ldo@nz.invalid> - 2025-08-05 01:36 +0000
                                                              Re: 32 vs 64 bits, was VAX Thomas Koenig <tkoenig@netcologne.de> - 2025-08-04 20:00 +0000
                                                                Re: IBM's 32 vs 64 bits, was VAX John Levine <johnl@taugh.com> - 2025-08-04 21:04 +0000
                                                                  Re: IBM's 32 vs 64 bits, was VAX Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com> - 2025-08-07 07:32 -1000
                                                          Re: VAX Stefan Monnier <monnier@iro.umontreal.ca> - 2025-08-04 15:40 -0400
                                                            Re: VAX anton@mips.complang.tuwien.ac.at (Anton Ertl) - 2025-08-06 16:34 +0000
                                                              Re: VAX Stefan Monnier <monnier@iro.umontreal.ca> - 2025-08-31 16:43 -0400
                                                                Re: VAX Lawrence D’Oliveiro <ldo@nz.invalid> - 2025-08-31 22:26 +0000
                                                                Re: VAX anton@mips.complang.tuwien.ac.at (Anton Ertl) - 2025-09-01 06:07 +0000
                                                                  Re: VAX Lawrence D’Oliveiro <ldo@nz.invalid> - 2025-09-01 06:57 +0000
                                                                  Debian on AMD64 (was: VAX) anton@mips.complang.tuwien.ac.at (Anton Ertl) - 2025-09-01 07:40 +0000
                                                                    Re: Debian on AMD64 Stefan Monnier <monnier@iro.umontreal.ca> - 2025-09-01 12:15 -0400
                                                                      Re: Debian on AMD64 BGB <cr88192@gmail.com> - 2025-09-01 11:33 -0500
                                                                      Re: Debian on AMD64 anton@mips.complang.tuwien.ac.at (Anton Ertl) - 2025-09-01 20:34 +0000
                                                                Re: VAX Marco Moock <mm@dorfdsl.de> - 2025-09-21 16:20 +0200
                                                                  Re: VAX Nuno Silva <nunojsilva@invalid.invalid> - 2025-09-21 15:45 +0100
                                                                    Re: VAX Michael S <already5chosen@yahoo.com> - 2025-09-21 17:54 +0300
                                                          Re: VAX Stephen Fuld <sfuld@alumni.cmu.edu.invalid> - 2025-08-04 14:06 -0700
                                                            Re: VAX Michael S <already5chosen@yahoo.com> - 2025-08-05 00:21 +0300
                                                            Re: VAX scott@slp53.sl.home (Scott Lurndal) - 2025-08-04 21:51 +0000
                                                              Re: VAX antispam@fricas.org (Waldek Hebisch) - 2025-08-04 23:38 +0000
                                                            Re: VAX Lawrence D'Oliveiro <ldo@nz.invalid> - 2025-08-05 01:39 +0000
                                                              Re: VAX "Kerr-Mudd, John" <admin@127.0.0.1> - 2025-08-05 09:25 +0100
                                                            Re: VAX Terje Mathisen <terje.mathisen@tmsw.no> - 2025-08-05 17:24 +0200
                                                              Re: VAX scott@slp53.sl.home (Scott Lurndal) - 2025-08-05 15:41 +0000
                                                                System calls (was: VAX) anton@mips.complang.tuwien.ac.at (Anton Ertl) - 2025-08-13 07:32 +0000
                                                                  Re: System calls (was: VAX) scott@slp53.sl.home (Scott Lurndal) - 2025-08-13 15:03 +0000
                                                                    Re: System calls (was: VAX) anton@mips.complang.tuwien.ac.at (Anton Ertl) - 2025-08-13 16:10 +0000
                                                                      Re: System calls (was: VAX) scott@slp53.sl.home (Scott Lurndal) - 2025-08-13 18:15 +0000
                                                                        Re: System calls (was: VAX) cross@spitfire.i.gajendra.net (Dan Cross) - 2025-08-13 19:40 +0000
                                                                      Re: System calls (was: VAX) cross@spitfire.i.gajendra.net (Dan Cross) - 2025-08-13 19:25 +0000
                                                                        Re: System calls (was: VAX) anton@mips.complang.tuwien.ac.at (Anton Ertl) - 2025-08-13 21:23 +0000
                                                                          Re: System calls (was: VAX) anton@mips.complang.tuwien.ac.at (Anton Ertl) - 2025-08-14 07:58 +0000
                                                                            Re: System calls (was: VAX) anton@mips.complang.tuwien.ac.at (Anton Ertl) - 2025-08-14 13:28 +0000
                                                                          Re: System calls (was: VAX) cross@spitfire.i.gajendra.net (Dan Cross) - 2025-08-14 15:14 +0000
                                                                            Re: System calls (was: VAX) cross@spitfire.i.gajendra.net (Dan Cross) - 2025-08-14 15:25 +0000
                                                                            Re: System calls (was: VAX) scott@slp53.sl.home (Scott Lurndal) - 2025-08-14 15:32 +0000
                                                                              Re: System calls (was: VAX) cross@spitfire.i.gajendra.net (Dan Cross) - 2025-08-14 15:44 +0000
                                                                                Re: System calls David Brown <david.brown@hesbynett.no> - 2025-08-14 19:15 +0200
                                                                                  Re: System calls Thomas Koenig <tkoenig@netcologne.de> - 2025-08-14 17:43 +0000
                                                                                    Re: System calls David Brown <david.brown@hesbynett.no> - 2025-08-15 17:49 +0200
                                                                                  Re: System calls cross@spitfire.i.gajendra.net (Dan Cross) - 2025-08-14 21:44 +0000
                                                                                    Re: System calls David Brown <david.brown@hesbynett.no> - 2025-08-15 17:49 +0200
                                                                                      Re: System calls cross@spitfire.i.gajendra.net (Dan Cross) - 2025-08-15 18:33 +0000
                                                                    Re: System calls (was: VAX) cross@spitfire.i.gajendra.net (Dan Cross) - 2025-08-13 18:51 +0000
                                                                      Re: System calls (was: VAX) scott@slp53.sl.home (Scott Lurndal) - 2025-08-13 20:28 +0000
                                                                Re: VAX antispam@fricas.org (Waldek Hebisch) - 2025-08-13 19:35 +0000
                                                              Re: VAX Lawrence D'Oliveiro <ldo@nz.invalid> - 2025-08-06 00:49 +0000
                                                                Re: VAX scott@slp53.sl.home (Scott Lurndal) - 2025-08-06 13:48 +0000
                                                          Re: VAX antispam@fricas.org (Waldek Hebisch) - 2025-08-04 23:24 +0000
                                                            Re: VAX Lawrence D'Oliveiro <ldo@nz.invalid> - 2025-08-05 01:41 +0000
                                                              Re: VAX vallor <vallor@cultnix.org> - 2025-08-05 05:56 +0000
                                                          Re: VAX Lawrence D'Oliveiro <ldo@nz.invalid> - 2025-08-05 01:34 +0000
                                                Re: VAX Peter Flass <Peter@Iron-Spring.com> - 2025-08-01 20:06 -0700
                                                  Re: VAX Lawrence D'Oliveiro <ldo@nz.invalid> - 2025-08-02 03:37 +0000
                                                    Re: VAX ted@loft.tnolan.com (Ted Nolan <tednolan>) - 2025-08-02 04:14 +0000
                                                      Re: VAX "Chris M. Thomasson" <chris.m.thomasson.1@gmail.com> - 2025-08-01 21:35 -0700
                                                  Re: VAX antispam@fricas.org (Waldek Hebisch) - 2025-08-02 08:07 +0000
                                                    Re: VAX Al Kossow <aek@bitsavers.org> - 2025-08-02 01:48 -0700
                                                      Re: VAX antispam@fricas.org (Waldek Hebisch) - 2025-08-04 23:45 +0000
                                                    Re: VAX Lawrence D'Oliveiro <ldo@nz.invalid> - 2025-08-02 23:08 +0000
                                                    Re: VAX anton@mips.complang.tuwien.ac.at (Anton Ertl) - 2025-08-03 16:51 +0000
                                                      Re: VAX Lawrence D'Oliveiro <ldo@nz.invalid> - 2025-08-04 00:04 +0000
                                                        Re: VAX BGB <cr88192@gmail.com> - 2025-08-03 21:07 -0500
                                                          Re: VAX Peter Flass <Peter@Iron-Spring.com> - 2025-08-03 20:39 -0700
                                                            Re: VAX Lawrence D'Oliveiro <ldo@nz.invalid> - 2025-08-04 04:50 +0000
                                                            Re: VAX Michael S <already5chosen@yahoo.com> - 2025-08-04 12:35 +0300
                                                            Re: VAX BGB <cr88192@gmail.com> - 2025-08-04 11:59 -0500
                                                          Re: VAX Michael S <already5chosen@yahoo.com> - 2025-08-04 12:19 +0300
                                                            Re: VAX anton@mips.complang.tuwien.ac.at (Anton Ertl) - 2025-08-04 12:09 +0000
                                                              Re: VAX anton@mips.complang.tuwien.ac.at (Anton Ertl) - 2025-08-04 14:51 +0000
                                                                Re: VAX Michael S <already5chosen@yahoo.com> - 2025-08-04 18:28 +0300
                                                                  Re: VAX Keith Thompson <Keith.S.Thompson+u@gmail.com> - 2025-08-04 09:53 -0700
                                                                    Re: VAX Thomas Koenig <tkoenig@netcologne.de> - 2025-08-04 16:58 +0000
                                                                      Re: VAX "Brian G. Lucas" <bagel99@gmail.com> - 2025-08-05 13:03 -0500
                                                                    Re: VAX Michael S <already5chosen@yahoo.com> - 2025-08-04 22:03 +0300
                                                                      Re: VAX James Kuyper <jameskuyper@alumni.caltech.edu> - 2025-08-04 15:25 -0400
                                                                        Re: VAX Michael S <already5chosen@yahoo.com> - 2025-08-04 22:40 +0300
                                                                          Re: VAX "Chris M. Thomasson" <chris.m.thomasson.1@gmail.com> - 2025-08-04 12:44 -0700
                                                                          Re: VAX Keith Thompson <Keith.S.Thompson+u@gmail.com> - 2025-08-04 22:21 -0700
                                                                            Re: VAX Kaz Kylheku <643-408-1753@kylheku.com> - 2025-08-05 21:25 +0000
                                                                              Re: VAX Keith Thompson <Keith.S.Thompson+u@gmail.com> - 2025-08-05 19:14 -0700
                                                                                Re: VAX Kaz Kylheku <643-408-1753@kylheku.com> - 2025-08-06 04:31 +0000
                                                                                  Re: VAX Michael S <already5chosen@yahoo.com> - 2025-08-06 11:48 +0300
                                                                              Re: VAX James Kuyper <jameskuyper@alumni.caltech.edu> - 2025-08-06 11:56 -0400
                                                                          Re: VAX Kaz Kylheku <643-408-1753@kylheku.com> - 2025-08-05 21:13 +0000
                                                                            Re: VAX James Kuyper <jameskuyper@alumni.caltech.edu> - 2025-08-06 11:54 -0400
                                                                              Re: VAX Keith Thompson <Keith.S.Thompson+u@gmail.com> - 2025-08-06 13:58 -0700
                                                                      Re: VAX Kaz Kylheku <643-408-1753@kylheku.com> - 2025-08-05 21:08 +0000
                                                                        Re: VAX Jakob Bohm <egenagwemdimtapsar@jbohm.dk> - 2025-08-17 20:18 +0200
                                                                          Re: VAX Keith Thompson <Keith.S.Thompson+u@gmail.com> - 2025-08-17 22:18 -0700
                                                                            Re: VAX Richard Heathfield <rjh@cpax.org.uk> - 2025-08-18 08:02 +0100
                                                                            Re: VAX David Brown <david.brown@hesbynett.no> - 2025-08-18 11:34 +0200
                                                                              Re: VAX Keith Thompson <Keith.S.Thompson+u@gmail.com> - 2025-08-18 21:57 -0700
                                                                Re: VAX anton@mips.complang.tuwien.ac.at (Anton Ertl) - 2025-08-04 15:11 +0000
                                                                Re: VAX Michael S <already5chosen@yahoo.com> - 2025-08-04 19:00 +0300
                                                                  Re: VAX Michael S <already5chosen@yahoo.com> - 2025-08-04 19:04 +0300
                                                                Re: VAX Terje Mathisen <terje.mathisen@tmsw.no> - 2025-08-04 22:49 +0200
                                                                  Re: VAX Michael S <already5chosen@yahoo.com> - 2025-08-05 00:14 +0300
                                                                    Re: VAX Michael S <already5chosen@yahoo.com> - 2025-08-05 01:43 +0300
                                                                      Re: VAX Terje Mathisen <terje.mathisen@tmsw.no> - 2025-08-05 17:31 +0200
                                                                        Re: VAX Michael S <already5chosen@yahoo.com> - 2025-08-05 19:49 +0300
                                                                          Re: VAX Terje Mathisen <terje.mathisen@tmsw.no> - 2025-08-05 22:17 +0200
                                                                            Re: VAX Michael S <already5chosen@yahoo.com> - 2025-08-06 00:21 +0300
                                                                              Re: VAX Terje Mathisen <terje.mathisen@tmsw.no> - 2025-08-06 16:19 +0200
                                                                                3-way long addition (was: VAX) Michael S <already5chosen@yahoo.com> - 2025-08-06 20:43 +0300
                                                                                  Re: 3-way long addition Terje Mathisen <terje.mathisen@tmsw.no> - 2025-08-07 15:15 +0200
                                                                      3-way long addition (was: VAX) anton@mips.complang.tuwien.ac.at (Anton Ertl) - 2025-08-19 05:47 +0000
                                                                        Re: 3-way long addition (was: VAX) anton@mips.complang.tuwien.ac.at (Anton Ertl) - 2025-08-19 07:09 +0000
                                                                          Re: 3-way long addition Terje Mathisen <terje.mathisen@tmsw.no> - 2025-08-19 12:11 +0200
                                                                            Re: 3-way long addition anton@mips.complang.tuwien.ac.at (Anton Ertl) - 2025-08-19 17:43 +0000
                                                                          Re: 3-way long addition (was: VAX) Michael S <already5chosen@yahoo.com> - 2025-08-19 17:20 +0300
                                                                            Re: 3-way long addition (was: VAX) Michael S <already5chosen@yahoo.com> - 2025-08-19 17:24 +0300
                                                                        Re: 3-way long addition (was: VAX) Michael S <already5chosen@yahoo.com> - 2025-08-19 23:03 +0300
                                                                          Re: 3-way long addition Terje Mathisen <terje.mathisen@tmsw.no> - 2025-08-20 10:50 +0200
                                                                            Re: 3-way long addition Michael S <already5chosen@yahoo.com> - 2025-08-20 14:16 +0300
                                                                              Intel ADX (was: 3-way long addition) anton@mips.complang.tuwien.ac.at (Anton Ertl) - 2025-08-20 14:08 +0000
                                                              Re: VAX Michael S <already5chosen@yahoo.com> - 2025-08-04 18:25 +0300
                                                              Re: VAX BGB <cr88192@gmail.com> - 2025-08-04 12:56 -0500
                                                            Re: VAX scott@slp53.sl.home (Scott Lurndal) - 2025-08-04 14:22 +0000
                                                              Re: VAX Terje Mathisen <terje.mathisen@tmsw.no> - 2025-08-04 16:46 +0200
                                                                Re: VAX scott@slp53.sl.home (Scott Lurndal) - 2025-08-04 15:05 +0000
                                                              Re: VAX Michael S <already5chosen@yahoo.com> - 2025-08-04 18:07 +0300
                                                                Re: VAX scott@slp53.sl.home (Scott Lurndal) - 2025-08-04 15:32 +0000
                                                                  Re: VAX Stefan Monnier <monnier@iro.umontreal.ca> - 2025-08-04 15:09 -0400
                                                                    Re: VAX Michael S <already5chosen@yahoo.com> - 2025-08-04 22:31 +0300
                                                                      Re: VAX scott@slp53.sl.home (Scott Lurndal) - 2025-08-04 20:29 +0000
                                                                        Re: VAX Michael S <already5chosen@yahoo.com> - 2025-08-05 00:08 +0300
                                                                          Re: VAX scott@slp53.sl.home (Scott Lurndal) - 2025-08-04 21:23 +0000
                                                                Re: VAX Lawrence D'Oliveiro <ldo@nz.invalid> - 2025-08-05 06:46 +0000
                                                                  Re: VAX BGB <cr88192@gmail.com> - 2025-08-05 03:14 -0500
                                                                  Re: VAX Stephen Fuld <sfuld@alumni.cmu.edu.invalid> - 2025-08-05 11:52 -0700
                                                                    Re: VAX Thomas Koenig <tkoenig@netcologne.de> - 2025-08-06 05:37 +0000
                                                                      Re: VAX Lawrence D'Oliveiro <ldo@nz.invalid> - 2025-08-06 06:20 +0000
                                                            Re: VAX BGB <cr88192@gmail.com> - 2025-08-04 12:12 -0500
                                                              I32LP64 vs. ILP64 (was: VAX) anton@mips.complang.tuwien.ac.at (Anton Ertl) - 2025-08-06 11:28 +0000
                                                                Re: I32LP64 vs. ILP64 antispam@fricas.org (Waldek Hebisch) - 2025-08-06 15:55 +0000
                                                                  Re: I32LP64 vs. ILP64 BGB <cr88192@gmail.com> - 2025-08-06 12:47 -0500
                                                                Re: I32LP64 vs. ILP64 BGB <cr88192@gmail.com> - 2025-08-06 12:00 -0500
                                                                Re: I32LP64 vs. ILP64 (was: VAX) Lawrence D'Oliveiro <ldo@nz.invalid> - 2025-08-06 23:34 +0000
                                                            Re: VAX Lawrence D'Oliveiro <ldo@nz.invalid> - 2025-08-05 05:38 +0000
                                                          Re: VAX anton@mips.complang.tuwien.ac.at (Anton Ertl) - 2025-08-06 11:05 +0000
                                                            Re: VAX BGB <cr88192@gmail.com> - 2025-08-06 12:12 -0500
                                                              Re: VAX scott@slp53.sl.home (Scott Lurndal) - 2025-08-06 18:22 +0000
                                                        Re: VAX anton@mips.complang.tuwien.ac.at (Anton Ertl) - 2025-08-06 10:32 +0000
                                                          Re: 64 bits, was VAX John Levine <johnl@taugh.com> - 2025-08-06 17:25 +0000
                                                            Re: 64 bits, was VAX Peter Flass <Peter@Iron-Spring.com> - 2025-08-06 12:11 -0700
                                                              Re: individual 64 bits, was VAX John Levine <johnl@taugh.com> - 2025-08-06 19:50 +0000
                                                                Re: individual 64 bits, was VAX scott@slp53.sl.home (Scott Lurndal) - 2025-08-06 20:30 +0000
                                                              Re: 64 bits, was VAX Lawrence D'Oliveiro <ldo@nz.invalid> - 2025-08-06 23:36 +0000
                                                              Re: 64 bits, was VAX Terje Mathisen <terje.mathisen@tmsw.no> - 2025-08-07 15:44 +0200
                                                                Re: 64 bits, was VAX Peter Flass <Peter@Iron-Spring.com> - 2025-08-07 07:34 -0700
                                                                Re: 64 bits, S/360 was VAX John Levine <johnl@taugh.com> - 2025-08-07 20:54 +0000
                                                                Re: 64 bits, was VAX Lawrence D'Oliveiro <ldo@nz.invalid> - 2025-08-08 03:51 +0000
                                                              Bit addressing (was: 64 bits) anton@mips.complang.tuwien.ac.at (Anton Ertl) - 2025-08-07 14:57 +0000
                                                                Re: Bit addressing drb@ihatespam.msu.edu (Dennis Boone) - 2025-08-07 15:54 +0000
                                                                Re: Bit addressing Stephen Fuld <sfuld@alumni.cmu.edu.invalid> - 2025-08-07 13:01 -0700
                                                                Re: Bit addressing (was: 64 bits) Al Kossow <aek@bitsavers.org> - 2025-08-07 13:34 -0700
                                                          Re: VAX Lars Poulsen <lars@cleo.beagle-ears.com> - 2025-08-06 23:12 +0000
                                                            Re: VAX John Levine <johnl@taugh.com> - 2025-08-06 23:15 +0000
                                                              Re: VAX Lars Poulsen <lars@cleo.beagle-ears.com> - 2025-08-06 23:32 +0000
                                                                Re: word lengths in C, was VAX John Levine <johnl@taugh.com> - 2025-08-07 02:56 +0000
                                                                Re: VAX anton@mips.complang.tuwien.ac.at (Anton Ertl) - 2025-08-07 11:21 +0000
                                                                  Re: VAX scott@slp53.sl.home (Scott Lurndal) - 2025-08-07 13:34 +0000
                                                          Re: VAX Lawrence D'Oliveiro <ldo@nz.invalid> - 2025-08-06 23:38 +0000
                                                      Re: VAX Michael S <already5chosen@yahoo.com> - 2025-08-04 12:42 +0300
                                                        Re: VAX Al Kossow <aek@bitsavers.org> - 2025-08-04 03:32 -0700
                                                          Re: VAX Lawrence D'Oliveiro <ldo@nz.invalid> - 2025-08-05 05:37 +0000
                                                        Re: VAX anton@mips.complang.tuwien.ac.at (Anton Ertl) - 2025-08-04 13:42 +0000
                                                          Re: VAX Andy Burns <usenet@andyburns.uk> - 2025-08-04 16:50 +0100
                                                      Re: VAX antispam@fricas.org (Waldek Hebisch) - 2025-08-04 23:52 +0000
                                                        Re: VAX Lawrence D'Oliveiro <ldo@nz.invalid> - 2025-08-05 05:35 +0000
                                                      Re: VAX cross@spitfire.i.gajendra.net (Dan Cross) - 2025-08-05 01:31 +0000
                                                        Re: VAX scott@slp53.sl.home (Scott Lurndal) - 2025-08-05 13:46 +0000
                                                          Re: VAX cross@spitfire.i.gajendra.net (Dan Cross) - 2025-08-05 17:21 +0000
                                                        ILP32 code on 64-bit substrate (was: VAX) anton@mips.complang.tuwien.ac.at (Anton Ertl) - 2025-08-12 15:28 +0000
                                                          Re: ILP32 code on 64-bit substrate (was: VAX) scott@slp53.sl.home (Scott Lurndal) - 2025-08-12 16:08 +0000
                                                            Re: ILP32 code on 64-bit substrate BGB <cr88192@gmail.com> - 2025-08-12 11:53 -0500
                                                              Re: ILP32 code on 64-bit substrate aph@littlepinkcloud.invalid - 2025-08-12 17:57 +0000
                                                                Re: ILP32 code on 64-bit substrate John Levine <johnl@taugh.com> - 2025-08-12 19:09 +0000
                                                                  Re: ILP32 code on 64-bit substrate OrangeFish <OrangeFish@invalid.invalid> - 2025-08-15 11:42 -0400
                                                                Re: ILP32 code on 64-bit substrate anton@mips.complang.tuwien.ac.at (Anton Ertl) - 2025-08-13 06:11 +0000
                                                                  Re: ILP32 code on 64-bit substrate scott@slp53.sl.home (Scott Lurndal) - 2025-08-13 14:24 +0000
                                                                    Re: ILP32 code on 64-bit substrate anton@mips.complang.tuwien.ac.at (Anton Ertl) - 2025-08-13 18:13 +0000
                                                Re: VAX (was: Why I've Dropped In) anton@mips.complang.tuwien.ac.at (Anton Ertl) - 2025-08-02 09:28 +0000
                                                  Re: VAX (was: Why I've Dropped In) Thomas Koenig <tkoenig@netcologne.de> - 2025-08-02 15:29 +0000
                                                    Re: VAX Peter Flass <Peter@Iron-Spring.com> - 2025-08-02 15:33 -0700
                                                      Re: VAX Lawrence D'Oliveiro <ldo@nz.invalid> - 2025-08-02 23:17 +0000
                                                  Re: VAX (was: Why I've Dropped In) Lawrence D'Oliveiro <ldo@nz.invalid> - 2025-08-02 23:20 +0000
                                                    Re: VAX (was: Why I've Dropped In) anton@mips.complang.tuwien.ac.at (Anton Ertl) - 2025-08-04 17:23 +0000
                                                      Re: VAX (was: Why I've Dropped In) Thomas Koenig <tkoenig@netcologne.de> - 2025-08-04 18:16 +0000
                                                        Re: VAX EricP <ThatWouldBeTelling@thevillage.com> - 2025-08-04 14:39 -0400
                                                          Re: VAX Thomas Koenig <tkoenig@netcologne.de> - 2025-08-04 19:59 +0000
                                                        Re: VAX (was: Why I've Dropped In) scott@slp53.sl.home (Scott Lurndal) - 2025-08-04 18:59 +0000
                                                        Re: VAX (was: Why I've Dropped In) Michael S <already5chosen@yahoo.com> - 2025-08-04 22:12 +0300
                                                          Re: VAX (was: Why I've Dropped In) Thomas Koenig <tkoenig@netcologne.de> - 2025-08-04 20:13 +0000
                                                            Re: VAX (was: Why I've Dropped In) Michael S <already5chosen@yahoo.com> - 2025-08-04 23:54 +0300
                                                              Re: VAX (was: Why I've Dropped In) Al Kossow <aek@bitsavers.org> - 2025-08-04 14:41 -0700
                                                              Re: VAX BGB <cr88192@gmail.com> - 2025-08-04 17:18 -0500
                                                                Re: VAX Lawrence D'Oliveiro <ldo@nz.invalid> - 2025-08-05 01:53 +0000
                                                                  Re: VAX "Brian G. Lucas" <bagel99@gmail.com> - 2025-08-05 13:04 -0500
                                                                    O.T. Where is Mitch? Was: VAX Michael S <already5chosen@yahoo.com> - 2025-08-07 23:48 +0300
                                                                      Re: O.T. Where is Mitch? Was: VAX "Brian G. Lucas" <bagel99@gmail.com> - 2025-08-07 16:01 -0500
                                                                        Re: O.T. Where is Mitch? Was: VAX BGB <cr88192@gmail.com> - 2025-08-08 01:41 -0500
                                                                      Re: O.T. Where is Mitch? Was: VAX Terje Mathisen <terje.mathisen@tmsw.no> - 2025-08-08 11:58 +0200
                                                                        Re: O.T. Where is Mitch? Was: VAX Michael S <already5chosen@yahoo.com> - 2025-08-08 13:20 +0300
                                                                          Re: O.T. Where is Mitch? Was: VAX scott@slp53.sl.home (Scott Lurndal) - 2025-08-08 14:22 +0000
                                                                            Re: O.T. Where is Mitch? Was: VAX Niklas Holsti <niklas.holsti@tidorum.invalid> - 2025-08-08 18:34 +0300
                                                                          Re: O.T. Where is Mitch? Was: VAX George Neuner <gneuner2@comcast.net> - 2025-08-08 19:07 -0400
                                                              Re: VAX (was: Why I've Dropped In) Thomas Koenig <tkoenig@netcologne.de> - 2025-08-05 21:01 +0000
                                                                Re: VAX (was: Why I've Dropped In) Lawrence D'Oliveiro <ldo@nz.invalid> - 2025-08-06 00:59 +0000
                                                                  Re: VAX Peter Flass <Peter@Iron-Spring.com> - 2025-08-05 20:15 -0700
                                                                    Re: VAX Thomas Koenig <tkoenig@netcologne.de> - 2025-08-06 05:50 +0000
                                                                      Re: VAX Lawrence D'Oliveiro <ldo@nz.invalid> - 2025-08-06 07:28 +0000
                                                                      Re: VAX cross@spitfire.i.gajendra.net (Dan Cross) - 2025-08-06 10:48 +0000
                                                                        Re: VAX Thomas Koenig <tkoenig@netcologne.de> - 2025-08-06 16:35 +0000
                                                                          Re: VAX cross@spitfire.i.gajendra.net (Dan Cross) - 2025-08-08 01:57 +0000
                                                                  Re: VAX (was: Why I've Dropped In) John Ames <commodorejohn@gmail.com> - 2025-08-06 08:28 -0700
                                                                    Re: VAX (was: Why I've Dropped In) Lawrence D'Oliveiro <ldo@nz.invalid> - 2025-08-06 23:45 +0000
                                                                      Re: VAX (was: Why I've Dropped In) Charlie Gibbs <cgibbs@kltpzyxm.invalid> - 2025-08-07 01:49 +0000
                                                                      Re: VAX (was: Why I've Dropped In) John Ames <commodorejohn@gmail.com> - 2025-08-07 08:28 -0700
                                                                  Re: VAX (was: Why I've Dropped In) anton@mips.complang.tuwien.ac.at (Anton Ertl) - 2025-08-13 09:37 +0000
                                                                Re: VAX (was: Why I've Dropped In) anton@mips.complang.tuwien.ac.at (Anton Ertl) - 2025-08-13 08:22 +0000
                                                                  Re: VAX (was: Why I've Dropped In) scott@slp53.sl.home (Scott Lurndal) - 2025-08-13 14:26 +0000
                                                                    Re: VAX (was: Why I've Dropped In) anton@mips.complang.tuwien.ac.at (Anton Ertl) - 2025-08-13 17:50 +0000
                                                                      Re: VAX drb@ihatespam.msu.edu (Dennis Boone) - 2025-08-14 17:12 +0000
                                                                        Re: VAX EricP <ThatWouldBeTelling@thevillage.com> - 2025-08-14 15:22 -0400
                                                                        Re: VAX Al Kossow <aek@bitsavers.org> - 2025-08-14 12:59 -0700
                                                                  Re: VAX (was: Why I've Dropped In) scott@slp53.sl.home (Scott Lurndal) - 2025-08-13 14:44 +0000
                                                                    Re: VAX (was: Why I've Dropped In) anton@mips.complang.tuwien.ac.at (Anton Ertl) - 2025-08-13 17:46 +0000
                                                                      Re: VAX (was: Why I've Dropped In) ted@loft.tnolan.com (Ted Nolan <tednolan>) - 2025-08-13 18:26 +0000
                                                                        Re: VAX Peter Flass <Peter@Iron-Spring.com> - 2025-08-13 12:09 -0700
                                                            Re: VAX (was: Why I've Dropped In) Lawrence D'Oliveiro <ldo@nz.invalid> - 2025-08-05 01:47 +0000
                                                              Re: VAX (was: Why I've Dropped In) scott@slp53.sl.home (Scott Lurndal) - 2025-08-05 13:58 +0000
                                                            Re: VAX (was: Why I've Dropped In) anton@mips.complang.tuwien.ac.at (Anton Ertl) - 2025-08-06 16:47 +0000
                                                              Re: VAX Peter Flass <Peter@Iron-Spring.com> - 2025-08-06 12:12 -0700
                                                                Re: VAX Charlie Gibbs <cgibbs@kltpzyxm.invalid> - 2025-08-07 01:36 +0000
                                                              Re: VAX (was: Why I've Dropped In) Thomas Koenig <tkoenig@netcologne.de> - 2025-08-07 05:29 +0000
                                                                Re: VAX Peter Flass <Peter@Iron-Spring.com> - 2025-08-07 07:26 -0700
                                                                  Re: VAX Lawrence D'Oliveiro <ldo@nz.invalid> - 2025-08-08 03:57 +0000
                                                                    Re: VAX Michael S <already5chosen@yahoo.com> - 2025-08-08 11:43 +0300
                                                          Re: VAX (was: Why I've Dropped In) anton@mips.complang.tuwien.ac.at (Anton Ertl) - 2025-08-06 14:00 +0000
                                                            Re: VAX (was: Why I've Dropped In) Al Kossow <aek@bitsavers.org> - 2025-08-06 10:20 -0700
                                                            Re: VAX (was: Why I've Dropped In) Robert Swindells <rjs@fdy2.co.uk> - 2025-08-06 22:30 +0000
                                                              Re: VAX EricP <ThatWouldBeTelling@thevillage.com> - 2025-08-06 20:21 -0400
                                                                Re: VAX Lawrence D'Oliveiro <ldo@nz.invalid> - 2025-08-07 02:22 +0000
                                                                  Re: VAX John Ames <commodorejohn@gmail.com> - 2025-08-07 08:38 -0700
                                                                    Re: VAX Terje Mathisen <terje.mathisen@tmsw.no> - 2025-08-07 17:52 +0200
                                                                      Re: VAX George Neuner <gneuner2@comcast.net> - 2025-08-07 21:53 -0400
                                                                        Re: VAX anton@mips.complang.tuwien.ac.at (Anton Ertl) - 2025-08-08 06:16 +0000
                                                                          Re: VAX George Neuner <gneuner2@comcast.net> - 2025-08-08 19:48 -0400
                                                                Re: VAX anton@mips.complang.tuwien.ac.at (Anton Ertl) - 2025-08-07 10:27 +0000
                                                                  Re: VAX antispam@fricas.org (Waldek Hebisch) - 2025-08-07 11:06 +0000
                                                        Re: VAX (was: Why I've Dropped In) Al Kossow <aek@bitsavers.org> - 2025-08-04 12:27 -0700
                                                          Re: VAX (was: Why I've Dropped In) Lawrence D'Oliveiro <ldo@nz.invalid> - 2025-08-05 01:46 +0000
                                                          Re: VAX (was: Why I've Dropped In) anton@mips.complang.tuwien.ac.at (Anton Ertl) - 2025-08-06 16:21 +0000
                                                      Re: VAX (was: Why I've Dropped In) Lawrence D'Oliveiro <ldo@nz.invalid> - 2025-08-05 01:43 +0000
                                              Re: VAX antispam@fricas.org (Waldek Hebisch) - 2025-08-01 23:41 +0000
                                                Re: VAX anton@mips.complang.tuwien.ac.at (Anton Ertl) - 2025-08-03 16:42 +0000
                                                  Re: VAX antispam@fricas.org (Waldek Hebisch) - 2025-08-05 00:55 +0000
                                                    Re: VAX Thomas Koenig <tkoenig@netcologne.de> - 2025-08-05 05:44 +0000
                                                    Re: VAX anton@mips.complang.tuwien.ac.at (Anton Ertl) - 2025-08-12 15:02 +0000
                                                      Re: VAX EricP <ThatWouldBeTelling@thevillage.com> - 2025-08-13 14:40 -0400
                                                      Re: VAX antispam@fricas.org (Waldek Hebisch) - 2025-08-15 03:20 +0000
                                                        Re: VAX scott@slp53.sl.home (Scott Lurndal) - 2025-08-15 15:10 +0000
                                                          Re: VAX pages John Levine <johnl@taugh.com> - 2025-08-15 16:53 +0000
                                                            Re: VAX pages BGB <cr88192@gmail.com> - 2025-08-15 13:19 -0500
                                                              Re: VAX pages Stephen Fuld <sfuld@alumni.cmu.edu.invalid> - 2025-08-15 12:03 -0700
                                                                Re: VAX pages scott@slp53.sl.home (Scott Lurndal) - 2025-08-15 19:19 +0000
                                                                  Re: VAX and other pages John Levine <johnl@taugh.com> - 2025-08-15 20:40 +0000
                                                                    Re: VAX and other pages anton@mips.complang.tuwien.ac.at (Anton Ertl) - 2025-08-15 21:22 +0000
                                                                      Re: VAX and other pages John Levine <johnl@taugh.com> - 2025-08-16 01:22 +0000
                                                                        Re: VAX and other pages anton@mips.complang.tuwien.ac.at (Anton Ertl) - 2025-08-16 05:09 +0000
                                                                          Re: VAX and other pages Stephen Fuld <sfuld@alumni.cmu.edu.invalid> - 2025-08-16 10:00 -0700
                                                                          Re: VAX and other pages John Levine <johnl@taugh.com> - 2025-08-16 17:06 +0000
                                                                            Re: VAX and other pages antispam@fricas.org (Waldek Hebisch) - 2025-08-20 01:49 +0000
                                                                              Re: VAX and other pages John Levine <johnl@taugh.com> - 2025-08-20 02:49 +0000
                                                                Re: VAX pages BGB <cr88192@gmail.com> - 2025-08-16 03:17 -0500
                                          Re: VAX antispam@fricas.org (Waldek Hebisch) - 2025-07-31 04:26 +0000
                                            Re: VAX John Levine <johnl@taugh.com> - 2025-07-31 16:05 +0000
                                              Re: VAX scott@slp53.sl.home (Scott Lurndal) - 2025-07-31 19:01 +0000
                                                Re: VAX John Levine <johnl@taugh.com> - 2025-07-31 19:57 +0000
                                                  Re: VAX scott@slp53.sl.home (Scott Lurndal) - 2025-07-31 21:24 +0000
                                              Re: VAX antispam@fricas.org (Waldek Hebisch) - 2025-08-01 02:18 +0000
                                                Re: VAX encoding John Levine <johnl@taugh.com> - 2025-08-01 15:30 +0000
                                                  Re: VAX encoding antispam@fricas.org (Waldek Hebisch) - 2025-08-01 18:08 +0000
                                                    Re: VAX encoding scott@slp53.sl.home (Scott Lurndal) - 2025-08-01 18:33 +0000
                                                      Re: VAX encoding antispam@fricas.org (Waldek Hebisch) - 2025-08-01 21:24 +0000
                                                    Re: VAX encoding Thomas Koenig <tkoenig@netcologne.de> - 2025-08-01 19:13 +0000
                                                  Re: VAX encoding MitchAlsup <user5857@newsgrouper.org.invalid> - 2025-08-28 15:10 +0000
                                                    Re: VAX encoding EricP <ThatWouldBeTelling@thevillage.com> - 2025-08-29 10:34 -0400
                                                Re: VAX anton@mips.complang.tuwien.ac.at (Anton Ertl) - 2025-08-02 09:02 +0000
                                                  Re: VAX antispam@fricas.org (Waldek Hebisch) - 2025-08-05 01:43 +0000
                                                    Re: VAX Thomas Koenig <tkoenig@netcologne.de> - 2025-08-05 05:48 +0000
                                                      Re: VAX antispam@fricas.org (Waldek Hebisch) - 2025-08-05 14:13 +0000
                                                      Re: VAX George Neuner <gneuner2@comcast.net> - 2025-08-05 17:41 -0400
                                                        Re: VAX EricP <ThatWouldBeTelling@thevillage.com> - 2025-08-06 10:23 -0400
                                                          Re: VAX George Neuner <gneuner2@comcast.net> - 2025-08-08 21:43 -0400
                                                    Re: VAX scott@slp53.sl.home (Scott Lurndal) - 2025-08-05 13:56 +0000
                                                      Re: VAX cross@spitfire.i.gajendra.net (Dan Cross) - 2025-08-05 16:44 +0000
                                                        Re: VAX Thomas Koenig <tkoenig@netcologne.de> - 2025-08-06 05:53 +0000
                                                          Re: VAX cross@spitfire.i.gajendra.net (Dan Cross) - 2025-08-06 11:10 +0000
                                                            Re: VAX Thomas Koenig <tkoenig@netcologne.de> - 2025-08-06 20:06 +0000
                                                              Re: VAX EricP <ThatWouldBeTelling@thevillage.com> - 2025-08-06 17:00 -0400
                                                                Re: VAX scott@slp53.sl.home (Scott Lurndal) - 2025-08-06 21:14 +0000
                                                                  Re: VAX anton@mips.complang.tuwien.ac.at (Anton Ertl) - 2025-08-07 11:59 +0000
                                                                    Re: VAX scott@slp53.sl.home (Scott Lurndal) - 2025-08-07 15:03 +0000
                                                                Re: VAX EricP <ThatWouldBeTelling@thevillage.com> - 2025-08-06 17:57 -0400
                                                                  Re: VAX antispam@fricas.org (Waldek Hebisch) - 2025-08-07 11:29 +0000
                                                                  Re: VAX anton@mips.complang.tuwien.ac.at (Anton Ertl) - 2025-08-07 11:38 +0000
                                                                    Re: VAX BGB <cr88192@gmail.com> - 2025-08-16 15:26 -0500
                                                                      Re: VAX anton@mips.complang.tuwien.ac.at (Anton Ertl) - 2025-08-17 06:16 +0000
                                                                        Re: VAX BGB <cr88192@gmail.com> - 2025-08-17 11:29 -0500
                                                                      Re: VAX EricP <ThatWouldBeTelling@thevillage.com> - 2025-08-17 10:00 -0400
                                                                        Re: VAX anton@mips.complang.tuwien.ac.at (Anton Ertl) - 2025-08-17 15:21 +0000
                                                                          Re: VAX anton@mips.complang.tuwien.ac.at (Anton Ertl) - 2025-08-17 19:10 +0000
                                                                            Re: VAX BGB <cr88192@gmail.com> - 2025-08-17 15:08 -0500
                                                                          Re: VAX EricP <ThatWouldBeTelling@thevillage.com> - 2025-08-18 11:03 -0400
                                                                            Re: VAX anton@mips.complang.tuwien.ac.at (Anton Ertl) - 2025-08-18 15:35 +0000
                                                                              Re: VAX scott@slp53.sl.home (Scott Lurndal) - 2025-08-18 17:19 +0000
                                                                                Re: VAX EricP <ThatWouldBeTelling@thevillage.com> - 2025-08-20 14:36 -0400
                                                                              Re: VAX EricP <ThatWouldBeTelling@thevillage.com> - 2025-08-20 16:41 -0400
                                                                              Re: VAX antispam@fricas.org (Waldek Hebisch) - 2025-08-21 16:21 +0000
                                                                        Re: VAX BGB <cr88192@gmail.com> - 2025-08-17 12:53 -0500
                                                                Re: VAX Robert Swindells <rjs@fdy2.co.uk> - 2025-08-06 23:43 +0000
                                                                  Re: VAX anton@mips.complang.tuwien.ac.at (Anton Ertl) - 2025-08-07 10:47 +0000
                                                                    Re: VAX EricP <ThatWouldBeTelling@thevillage.com> - 2025-08-08 10:08 -0400
                                                                    Re: VAX Thomas Koenig <tkoenig@netcologne.de> - 2025-08-09 08:07 +0000
                                                                      Re: VAX EricP <ThatWouldBeTelling@thevillage.com> - 2025-08-09 10:03 -0400
                                                                        Re: VAX Thomas Koenig <tkoenig@netcologne.de> - 2025-08-09 20:54 +0000
                                                                          Re: VAX Al Kossow <aek@bitsavers.org> - 2025-08-09 14:57 -0700
                                                                          Re: VAX EricP <ThatWouldBeTelling@thevillage.com> - 2025-08-13 14:18 -0400
                                                                            Re: VAX Thomas Koenig <tkoenig@netcologne.de> - 2025-08-13 20:23 +0000
                                                                              Re: VAX EricP <ThatWouldBeTelling@thevillage.com> - 2025-08-17 13:35 -0400
                                                                                Re: VAX BGB <cr88192@gmail.com> - 2025-08-17 18:56 -0500
                                                                                  Re: VAX EricP <ThatWouldBeTelling@thevillage.com> - 2025-08-20 19:17 -0400
                                                                                    Re: VAX BGB <cr88192@gmail.com> - 2025-08-20 23:50 -0500
                                                                Re: VAX EricP <ThatWouldBeTelling@thevillage.com> - 2025-08-06 20:41 -0400
                                                              Re: VAX antispam@fricas.org (Waldek Hebisch) - 2025-08-07 11:16 +0000
                                                              Re: VAX cross@spitfire.i.gajendra.net (Dan Cross) - 2025-08-09 09:04 +0000
                                                                Re: VAX Thomas Koenig <tkoenig@netcologne.de> - 2025-08-09 10:00 +0000
                                                                  Re: VAX cross@spitfire.i.gajendra.net (Dan Cross) - 2025-08-10 12:06 +0000
                                                                    Re: VAX scott@slp53.sl.home (Scott Lurndal) - 2025-08-10 15:18 +0000
                                                                      Re: byte me, PDP-10 edition, was VAX John Levine <johnl@taugh.com> - 2025-08-10 19:55 +0000
                                                                      Re: VAX anton@mips.complang.tuwien.ac.at (Anton Ertl) - 2025-08-11 08:17 +0000
                                                                        Re: VAX scott@slp53.sl.home (Scott Lurndal) - 2025-08-11 14:51 +0000
                                                                      Re: VAX Thomas Koenig <tkoenig@netcologne.de> - 2025-08-11 17:27 +0000
                                                                    Re: VAX Thomas Koenig <tkoenig@netcologne.de> - 2025-08-10 21:01 +0000
                                                                      Re: VAX cross@spitfire.i.gajendra.net (Dan Cross) - 2025-08-13 11:25 +0000
                                                                        Re: VAX Thomas Koenig <tkoenig@netcologne.de> - 2025-08-15 05:07 +0000
                                                                          Re: VAX cross@spitfire.i.gajendra.net (Dan Cross) - 2025-08-15 12:57 +0000
                                                                            Re: VAX Robert Swindells <rjs@fdy2.co.uk> - 2025-08-15 13:36 +0000
                                                                            Re: VAX Thomas Koenig <tkoenig@netcologne.de> - 2025-08-18 05:48 +0000
                                                      Re: VAX antispam@fricas.org (Waldek Hebisch) - 2025-08-05 20:34 +0000
                                                    Re: VAX anton@mips.complang.tuwien.ac.at (Anton Ertl) - 2025-08-12 15:59 +0000
                                                      Re: VAX antispam@fricas.org (Waldek Hebisch) - 2025-08-20 03:47 +0000
                                                        Re: VAX Thomas Koenig <tkoenig@netcologne.de> - 2025-08-21 19:26 +0000
                                                          Re: VAX antispam@fricas.org (Waldek Hebisch) - 2025-08-22 16:36 +0000
                                                            Re: VAX Thomas Koenig <tkoenig@netcologne.de> - 2025-08-22 17:21 +0000
                                                          Re: VAX John Levine <johnl@taugh.com> - 2025-08-22 16:45 +0000
                                                            Re: VAX antispam@fricas.org (Waldek Hebisch) - 2025-08-23 16:38 +0000
                                                              Re: 360/91, was VAX John Levine <johnl@taugh.com> - 2025-08-23 19:36 +0000
                                            Re: VAX anton@mips.complang.tuwien.ac.at (Anton Ertl) - 2025-08-01 17:25 +0000
                                            Re: VAX MitchAlsup <user5857@newsgrouper.org.invalid> - 2025-08-27 00:56 +0000
                                              Re: VAX antispam@fricas.org (Waldek Hebisch) - 2025-08-28 07:49 +0000
                                          Re: VAX (was: Why I've Dropped In) MitchAlsup <user5857@newsgrouper.org.invalid> - 2025-08-27 00:35 +0000
                                            Re: VAX (was: Why I've Dropped In) Thomas Koenig <tkoenig@netcologne.de> - 2025-08-27 05:12 +0000
                                              Re: VAX EricP <ThatWouldBeTelling@thevillage.com> - 2025-08-27 10:56 -0400
                                                Re: VAX EricP <ThatWouldBeTelling@thevillage.com> - 2025-08-28 13:39 -0400
                                            Re: VAX (was: Why I've Dropped In) anton@mips.complang.tuwien.ac.at (Anton Ertl) - 2025-08-27 17:19 +0000
                          Re: Why I've Dropped In Thomas Koenig <tkoenig@netcologne.de> - 2025-06-14 17:30 +0000
                            Re: Why I've Dropped In mitchalsup@aol.com (MitchAlsup1) - 2025-06-14 18:39 +0000
                      Re: Why I've Dropped In Thomas Koenig <tkoenig@netcologne.de> - 2025-06-13 17:42 +0000
                        Re: Why I've Dropped In Stephen Fuld <sfuld@alumni.cmu.edu.invalid> - 2025-06-13 11:00 -0700
                        Re: Why I've Dropped In quadibloc <quadibloc@gmail.com> - 2025-06-14 16:04 +0000
                          Re: Why I've Dropped In quadibloc <quadibloc@gmail.com> - 2025-06-14 16:12 +0000
                            Re: Why I've Dropped In mitchalsup@aol.com (MitchAlsup1) - 2025-06-14 16:50 +0000
                    Re: base registers and addres size, Why I've Dropped In John Levine <johnl@taugh.com> - 2025-06-14 22:02 +0000
                      Re: base registers and addres size, Why I've Dropped In mitchalsup@aol.com (MitchAlsup1) - 2025-06-14 22:58 +0000
                        Re: base registers and addres size, Why I've Dropped In John Levine <johnl@taugh.com> - 2025-06-15 01:08 +0000
                    Re: Why I've Dropped In Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com> - 2025-06-17 16:47 -1000
                      Re: Why I've Dropped In scott@slp53.sl.home (Scott Lurndal) - 2025-06-18 13:48 +0000
                  Re: Why I've Dropped In BGB <cr88192@gmail.com> - 2025-06-13 17:52 -0500
                    Re: Why I've Dropped In quadibloc <quadibloc@gmail.com> - 2025-06-14 04:04 +0000
                    Re: Why I've Dropped In Thomas Koenig <tkoenig@netcologne.de> - 2025-06-14 10:45 +0000
              Re: Why I've Dropped In anton@mips.complang.tuwien.ac.at (Anton Ertl) - 2025-06-11 17:33 +0000
                Re: Why I've Dropped In quadibloc <quadibloc@gmail.com> - 2025-06-11 18:14 +0000
                  Re: Why I've Dropped In "Chris M. Thomasson" <chris.m.thomasson.1@gmail.com> - 2025-06-11 12:30 -0700
                    Re: Why I've Dropped In "Chris M. Thomasson" <chris.m.thomasson.1@gmail.com> - 2025-06-11 12:31 -0700
                    Re: Why I've Dropped In quadibloc <quadibloc@gmail.com> - 2025-06-12 02:17 +0000
                      Re: Why I've Dropped In "Chris M. Thomasson" <chris.m.thomasson.1@gmail.com> - 2025-06-12 11:55 -0700
                        Re: Why I've Dropped In quadibloc <quadibloc@gmail.com> - 2025-06-13 03:30 +0000
                          Re: Why I've Dropped In quadibloc <quadibloc@gmail.com> - 2025-06-13 20:40 +0000
                          Re: Why I've Dropped In "Chris M. Thomasson" <chris.m.thomasson.1@gmail.com> - 2025-06-15 16:56 -0700
                  Re: Why I've Dropped In mitchalsup@aol.com (MitchAlsup1) - 2025-06-11 21:26 +0000
                  Re: Why I've Dropped In anton@mips.complang.tuwien.ac.at (Anton Ertl) - 2025-06-12 06:30 +0000
                    Re: Why I've Dropped In quadibloc <quadibloc@gmail.com> - 2025-06-12 07:57 +0000
                      Re: Why I've Dropped In quadibloc <quadibloc@gmail.com> - 2025-06-12 14:06 +0000
                    Re: Why I've Dropped In scott@slp53.sl.home (Scott Lurndal) - 2025-06-12 13:43 +0000
                      Re: Why I've Dropped In anton@mips.complang.tuwien.ac.at (Anton Ertl) - 2025-06-13 07:31 +0000
                        Re: Why I've Dropped In scott@slp53.sl.home (Scott Lurndal) - 2025-06-13 14:48 +0000
                          Re: Why I've Dropped In anton@mips.complang.tuwien.ac.at (Anton Ertl) - 2025-06-13 15:38 +0000
                            Re: Why I've Dropped In Thomas Koenig <tkoenig@netcologne.de> - 2025-06-13 17:10 +0000
                            Re: Why I've Dropped In antispam@fricas.org (Waldek Hebisch) - 2025-06-17 11:44 +0000
                              Re: Why I've Dropped In David Brown <david.brown@hesbynett.no> - 2025-06-17 16:00 +0200
                              Code density (was: Why I've Dropped In) anton@mips.complang.tuwien.ac.at (Anton Ertl) - 2025-06-17 14:17 +0000
                                Re: Code density (was: Why I've Dropped In) scott@slp53.sl.home (Scott Lurndal) - 2025-06-17 15:11 +0000
                                Re: Code density mitchalsup@aol.com (MitchAlsup1) - 2025-06-17 18:01 +0000
                                  Re: Code density EricP <ThatWouldBeTelling@thevillage.com> - 2025-06-17 23:55 -0400
                                    Re: Code density anton@mips.complang.tuwien.ac.at (Anton Ertl) - 2025-06-18 06:22 +0000
                                      Re: Code density EricP <ThatWouldBeTelling@thevillage.com> - 2025-06-18 09:32 -0400
                                        Re: Code density "Kerr-Mudd, John" <admin@127.0.0.1> - 2025-06-18 16:19 +0100
                                        Re: Code density mitchalsup@aol.com (MitchAlsup1) - 2025-06-18 18:27 +0000
                                        Re: Code density anton@mips.complang.tuwien.ac.at (Anton Ertl) - 2025-06-19 09:21 +0000
                                          Re: Code density EricP <ThatWouldBeTelling@thevillage.com> - 2025-06-22 10:05 -0400
                                            Re: Code density mitchalsup@aol.com (MitchAlsup1) - 2025-06-22 17:35 +0000
                                              Re: Code density scott@slp53.sl.home (Scott Lurndal) - 2025-06-22 20:26 +0000
                                                Re: Code density mitchalsup@aol.com (MitchAlsup1) - 2025-06-26 01:12 +0000
                                                  Re: Code density scott@slp53.sl.home (Scott Lurndal) - 2025-06-26 15:17 +0000
                                                    Re: Code density EricP <ThatWouldBeTelling@thevillage.com> - 2025-06-27 07:48 -0400
                                                      Re: Code density EricP <ThatWouldBeTelling@thevillage.com> - 2025-06-27 08:33 -0400
                                                        Re: Code density Stephen Fuld <sfuld@alumni.cmu.edu.invalid> - 2025-06-27 22:41 -0700
                                                          Re: Code density Thomas Koenig <tkoenig@netcologne.de> - 2025-06-28 07:45 +0000
                                                            Re: Code density anton@mips.complang.tuwien.ac.at (Anton Ertl) - 2025-06-28 11:11 +0000
                                                              Re: Code density Thomas Koenig <tkoenig@netcologne.de> - 2025-06-28 12:00 +0000
                                                              Re: Code density mitchalsup@aol.com (MitchAlsup1) - 2025-06-28 16:01 +0000
                                                                Re: Code density Thomas Koenig <tkoenig@netcologne.de> - 2025-06-29 14:54 +0000
                                                                  Re: Code density Terje Mathisen <terje.mathisen@tmsw.no> - 2025-06-29 18:01 +0200
                                                                    Re: Code density mitchalsup@aol.com (MitchAlsup1) - 2025-06-29 20:50 +0000
                                                                  Re: Code density EricP <ThatWouldBeTelling@thevillage.com> - 2025-06-29 13:21 -0400
                                                                    Re: Code density Thomas Koenig <tkoenig@netcologne.de> - 2025-06-29 20:41 +0000
                                                        Re: Code density George Neuner <gneuner2@comcast.net> - 2025-06-28 08:05 -0400
                                                          Re: Code density "Chris M. Thomasson" <chris.m.thomasson.1@gmail.com> - 2025-06-28 21:29 -0700
                                                      Re: Code density scott@slp53.sl.home (Scott Lurndal) - 2025-06-27 13:55 +0000
                                                        Re: Code density EricP <ThatWouldBeTelling@thevillage.com> - 2025-06-27 15:09 -0400
                                                          Re: Code density scott@slp53.sl.home (Scott Lurndal) - 2025-06-27 21:01 +0000
                                                            Re: Code density Thomas Koenig <tkoenig@netcologne.de> - 2025-06-28 09:07 +0000
                                                              Re: Code density John Levine <johnl@taugh.com> - 2025-06-28 16:30 +0000
                                                          Re: errno, Code density John Levine <johnl@taugh.com> - 2025-06-27 21:44 +0000
                                                            Re: errno, Code density EricP <ThatWouldBeTelling@thevillage.com> - 2025-06-29 14:02 -0400
                                                              Re: errno, Code density anton@mips.complang.tuwien.ac.at (Anton Ertl) - 2025-06-30 06:21 +0000
                                                                Re: errno, Code density EricP <ThatWouldBeTelling@thevillage.com> - 2025-06-30 12:51 -0400
                                                                  Re: errno, Code density scott@slp53.sl.home (Scott Lurndal) - 2025-06-30 17:13 +0000
                                                                    Re: errno, Code density Michael S <already5chosen@yahoo.com> - 2025-07-01 13:11 +0300
                                                                      Re: errno, Code density scott@slp53.sl.home (Scott Lurndal) - 2025-07-01 13:18 +0000
                                                                        Re: errno, Code density Michael S <already5chosen@yahoo.com> - 2025-07-01 16:21 +0300
                                                                        Re: errno, Code density Michael S <already5chosen@yahoo.com> - 2025-07-01 16:28 +0300
                                                                          Re: errno, Code density scott@slp53.sl.home (Scott Lurndal) - 2025-07-01 14:08 +0000
                                                                      Re: errno, Code density EricP <ThatWouldBeTelling@thevillage.com> - 2025-07-01 11:09 -0400
                                                                        Re: assemblers, errno, Code density John Levine <johnl@taugh.com> - 2025-07-01 17:41 +0000
                                                                  Re: errno, Code density mitchalsup@aol.com (MitchAlsup1) - 2025-06-30 17:11 +0000
                                                                    Re: errno, Code density EricP <ThatWouldBeTelling@thevillage.com> - 2025-07-02 08:06 -0400
                                                                      Re: errno, Code density mitchalsup@aol.com (MitchAlsup1) - 2025-07-02 15:38 +0000
                                                              Re: errno, Code density Michael S <already5chosen@yahoo.com> - 2025-06-30 13:55 +0300
                                                      Re: Code density George Neuner <gneuner2@comcast.net> - 2025-06-28 07:02 -0400
                                            Re: Code density anton@mips.complang.tuwien.ac.at (Anton Ertl) - 2025-06-30 16:08 +0000
                                              Re: Code density anton@mips.complang.tuwien.ac.at (Anton Ertl) - 2025-07-01 16:08 +0000
                                                Re: Code density mitchalsup@aol.com (MitchAlsup1) - 2025-07-01 20:03 +0000
                                                  Re: Code density scott@slp53.sl.home (Scott Lurndal) - 2025-07-01 21:07 +0000
                                                    Re: Code density mitchalsup@aol.com (MitchAlsup1) - 2025-07-01 23:20 +0000
                                                      Re: Code density John Levine <johnl@taugh.com> - 2025-07-02 17:14 +0000
                                                      Re: Code density EricP <ThatWouldBeTelling@thevillage.com> - 2025-07-02 15:38 -0400
                                                        Re: Code density EricP <ThatWouldBeTelling@thevillage.com> - 2025-07-03 08:41 -0400
                                                          Re: Code density mitchalsup@aol.com (MitchAlsup1) - 2025-07-16 01:18 +0000
                                                            Re: Code density EricP <ThatWouldBeTelling@thevillage.com> - 2025-07-18 13:23 -0400
                                                              Re: Code density mitchalsup@aol.com (MitchAlsup1) - 2025-07-18 19:54 +0000
                                                                Re: Code density EricP <ThatWouldBeTelling@thevillage.com> - 2025-07-20 13:05 -0400
                                                                  Re: Code density anton@mips.complang.tuwien.ac.at (Anton Ertl) - 2025-07-20 17:33 +0000
                                                                    Re: Code density mitchalsup@aol.com (MitchAlsup1) - 2025-07-20 20:09 +0000
                                                                    Re: compacting branches, was Code density John Levine <johnl@taugh.com> - 2025-07-21 09:01 +0000
                                                                      Re: compacting branches, was Code density anton@mips.complang.tuwien.ac.at (Anton Ertl) - 2025-07-21 12:33 +0000
                                                                        Re: compacting branches, was Code density Terje Mathisen <terje.mathisen@tmsw.no> - 2025-07-21 17:01 +0200
                                                                          Re: compacting branches, was Code density anton@mips.complang.tuwien.ac.at (Anton Ertl) - 2025-07-21 15:26 +0000
                                                                            Re: compacting branches, was Code density Terje Mathisen <terje.mathisen@tmsw.no> - 2025-07-21 18:06 +0200
                                                                              Re: compacting branches, was Code density anton@mips.complang.tuwien.ac.at (Anton Ertl) - 2025-07-21 17:26 +0000
                                                                                Re: compacting branches, was Code density Terje Mathisen <terje.mathisen@tmsw.no> - 2025-07-21 19:31 +0200
                                                                    Re: Code density EricP <ThatWouldBeTelling@thevillage.com> - 2025-07-21 10:50 -0400
                                                                      Re: Code density anton@mips.complang.tuwien.ac.at (Anton Ertl) - 2025-07-21 15:28 +0000
                                                                        Re: Code density EricP <ThatWouldBeTelling@thevillage.com> - 2025-07-21 17:08 -0400
                                                  Re: Code density anton@mips.complang.tuwien.ac.at (Anton Ertl) - 2025-07-02 05:25 +0000
                                                Re: Code density mitchalsup@aol.com (MitchAlsup1) - 2025-07-01 21:49 +0000
                                                  Re: Code density scott@slp53.sl.home (Scott Lurndal) - 2025-07-01 23:26 +0000
                                                    Re: Code density mitchalsup@aol.com (MitchAlsup1) - 2025-07-02 00:04 +0000
                                                      Re: Code density anton@mips.complang.tuwien.ac.at (Anton Ertl) - 2025-07-02 05:18 +0000
                                              Re: Code density EricP <ThatWouldBeTelling@thevillage.com> - 2025-07-02 11:20 -0400
                                                Re: Code density mitchalsup@aol.com (MitchAlsup1) - 2025-07-02 15:45 +0000
                                                  Re: Code density scott@slp53.sl.home (Scott Lurndal) - 2025-07-02 16:56 +0000
                                                    Re: Code density mitchalsup@aol.com (MitchAlsup1) - 2025-07-02 17:06 +0000
                                  Re: Code density anton@mips.complang.tuwien.ac.at (Anton Ertl) - 2025-06-18 06:26 +0000
                                    Re: Code density BGB <cr88192@gmail.com> - 2025-07-01 01:16 -0500
                                      Re: Code density anton@mips.complang.tuwien.ac.at (Anton Ertl) - 2025-07-01 15:23 +0000
                                        Re: Code density BGB <cr88192@gmail.com> - 2025-07-01 10:53 -0500
              Re: Why I've Dropped In EricP <ThatWouldBeTelling@thevillage.com> - 2025-06-11 14:56 -0400
                Re: Why I've Dropped In quadibloc <quadibloc@gmail.com> - 2025-06-11 19:37 +0000
                  Re: Why I've Dropped In mitchalsup@aol.com (MitchAlsup1) - 2025-06-12 19:01 +0000
                    Re: Why I've Dropped In quadibloc <quadibloc@gmail.com> - 2025-06-13 20:12 +0000
                      Re: Why I've Dropped In mitchalsup@aol.com (MitchAlsup1) - 2025-06-13 20:50 +0000
                Re: Why I've Dropped In mitchalsup@aol.com (MitchAlsup1) - 2025-06-11 21:17 +0000
                  Re: Why I've Dropped In scott@slp53.sl.home (Scott Lurndal) - 2025-06-11 21:35 +0000
                    Re: Why I've Dropped In mitchalsup@aol.com (MitchAlsup1) - 2025-06-11 23:13 +0000
                      Re: Why I've Dropped In scott@slp53.sl.home (Scott Lurndal) - 2025-06-12 13:41 +0000
                    Re: Why I've Dropped In EricP <ThatWouldBeTelling@thevillage.com> - 2025-06-12 09:38 -0400
                      Re: Why I've Dropped In mitchalsup@aol.com (MitchAlsup1) - 2025-06-12 19:19 +0000
                        Re: Why I've Dropped In "Chris M. Thomasson" <chris.m.thomasson.1@gmail.com> - 2025-06-12 12:25 -0700
                          Re: Why I've Dropped In "Chris M. Thomasson" <chris.m.thomasson.1@gmail.com> - 2025-06-12 12:27 -0700
                        Re: Why I've Dropped In anton@mips.complang.tuwien.ac.at (Anton Ertl) - 2025-06-13 07:03 +0000
                        Re: Why I've Dropped In quadibloc <quadibloc@gmail.com> - 2025-06-13 20:01 +0000
                          Re: Why I've Dropped In Robert Finch <robfi680@gmail.com> - 2025-06-14 04:35 -0400
                            Re: Why I've Dropped In quadibloc <quadibloc@gmail.com> - 2025-06-14 15:22 +0000
                              Re: Why I've Dropped In Thomas Koenig <tkoenig@netcologne.de> - 2025-06-14 17:30 +0000
                              Re: Why I've Dropped In Terje Mathisen <terje.mathisen@tmsw.no> - 2025-06-20 17:11 +0200
                              Re: Why I've Dropped In Stefan Monnier <monnier@iro.umontreal.ca> - 2025-06-20 12:43 -0400
                                Re: Why I've Dropped In mitchalsup@aol.com (MitchAlsup1) - 2025-06-20 17:38 +0000
                                  Re: Why I've Dropped In Stefan Monnier <monnier@iro.umontreal.ca> - 2025-06-20 13:48 -0400
                                    Re: Why I've Dropped In mitchalsup@aol.com (MitchAlsup1) - 2025-06-20 20:46 +0000
                                      Re: Why I've Dropped In Stefan Monnier <monnier@iro.umontreal.ca> - 2025-06-20 18:13 -0400
                                      Re: Why I've Dropped In antispam@fricas.org (Waldek Hebisch) - 2025-06-21 01:48 +0000
                                        Re: Why I've Dropped In mitchalsup@aol.com (MitchAlsup1) - 2025-06-21 02:51 +0000
                                      Re: Why I've Dropped In Terje Mathisen <terje.mathisen@tmsw.no> - 2025-06-24 08:15 +0200
                    Re: Why I've Dropped In "Chris M. Thomasson" <chris.m.thomasson.1@gmail.com> - 2025-06-12 12:06 -0700
                  Re: Why I've Dropped In EricP <ThatWouldBeTelling@thevillage.com> - 2025-06-12 09:12 -0400
                    Re: Why I've Dropped In mitchalsup@aol.com (MitchAlsup1) - 2025-06-12 18:55 +0000
                    Re: Why I've Dropped In Thomas Koenig <tkoenig@netcologne.de> - 2025-06-12 20:50 +0000
          Re: Why I've Dropped In quadibloc <quadibloc@gmail.com> - 2025-06-11 15:29 +0000
            Re: Why I've Dropped In quadibloc <quadibloc@gmail.com> - 2025-06-11 17:22 +0000
              Re: Why I've Dropped In quadibloc <quadibloc@gmail.com> - 2025-06-23 03:43 +0000
                The Third Wish quadibloc <quadibloc@gmail.com> - 2025-06-23 12:43 +0000
                  Re: The Third Wish quadibloc <quadibloc@gmail.com> - 2025-06-23 12:47 +0000
                  Re: The Third Wish quadibloc <quadibloc@gmail.com> - 2025-06-24 17:19 +0000
                    Re: The Third Wish mitchalsup@aol.com (MitchAlsup1) - 2025-06-24 21:57 +0000
                      Re: The Third Wish John Savard <quadibloc@invalid.invalid> - 2025-06-25 07:31 +0000
                        Re: The Third Wish John Savard <quadibloc@invalid.invalid> - 2025-06-27 05:28 +0000
                          Re: The Third Wish John Savard <quadibloc@invalid.invalid> - 2025-07-02 05:16 +0000
                            Re: The Third Wish John Savard <quadibloc@invalid.invalid> - 2025-07-02 07:04 +0000
                              Re: The Third Wish John Savard <quadibloc@invalid.invalid> - 2025-07-03 05:52 +0000
                                Re: The Third Wish Stephen Fuld <sfuld@alumni.cmu.edu.invalid> - 2025-07-02 22:57 -0700
                                  Re: The Third Wish Thomas Koenig <tkoenig@netcologne.de> - 2025-07-03 06:59 +0000
                                    Re: The Third Wish John Savard <quadibloc@invalid.invalid> - 2025-07-03 09:43 +0000
                                      Re: The Third Wish John Savard <quadibloc@invalid.invalid> - 2025-07-03 11:24 +0000
                                        Re: The Third Wish John Savard <quadibloc@invalid.invalid> - 2025-07-03 11:35 +0000
                                          Re: The Third Wish mitchalsup@aol.com (MitchAlsup1) - 2025-07-16 01:11 +0000
                                        Re: The Third Wish mitchalsup@aol.com (MitchAlsup1) - 2025-07-16 01:08 +0000
                                          Re: The Third Wish mitchalsup@aol.com (MitchAlsup1) - 2025-07-16 18:22 +0000
                                          Re: The Third Wish John Savard <quadibloc@invalid.invalid> - 2025-07-16 23:36 +0000
                                            Re: The Third Wish mitchalsup@aol.com (MitchAlsup1) - 2025-07-16 23:58 +0000
                                              Re: The Third Wish John Savard <quadibloc@invalid.invalid> - 2025-07-17 03:42 +0000
                                                Re: The Third Wish John Savard <quadibloc@invalid.invalid> - 2025-07-17 04:01 +0000
                                                  Re: The Third Wish John Savard <quadibloc@invalid.invalid> - 2025-07-17 04:10 +0000
                                                    Re: The Third Wish John Savard <quadibloc@invalid.invalid> - 2025-07-17 04:24 +0000
                                                      Re: The Third Wish mitchalsup@aol.com (MitchAlsup1) - 2025-07-17 15:16 +0000
                                                        Register windows (was: The Third Wish) Stefan Monnier <monnier@iro.umontreal.ca> - 2025-07-17 12:20 -0400
                                                          Re: Register windows mitchalsup@aol.com (MitchAlsup1) - 2025-07-17 16:53 +0000
                                                          Re: Register windows (was: The Third Wish) anton@mips.complang.tuwien.ac.at (Anton Ertl) - 2025-07-17 17:38 +0000
                                                            Re: Register windows (was: The Third Wish) scott@slp53.sl.home (Scott Lurndal) - 2025-07-17 19:17 +0000
                                                            Re: Register windows mitchalsup@aol.com (MitchAlsup1) - 2025-07-17 19:38 +0000
                                                              Re: Register windows Stefan Monnier <monnier@iro.umontreal.ca> - 2025-07-17 16:18 -0400
                                                          Re: Register windows Niklas Holsti <niklas.holsti@tidorum.invalid> - 2025-07-18 18:11 +0300
                                                            Re: Register windows Stefan Monnier <monnier@iro.umontreal.ca> - 2025-07-18 11:29 -0400
                                                              Re: Register windows Niklas Holsti <niklas.holsti@tidorum.invalid> - 2025-07-18 23:17 +0300
                                                                Re: Register windows mitchalsup@aol.com (MitchAlsup1) - 2025-07-20 17:28 +0000
                                                                  Re: Register windows George Neuner <gneuner2@comcast.net> - 2025-07-20 22:27 -0400
                                                                  Re: Register windows Niklas Holsti <niklas.holsti@tidorum.invalid> - 2025-07-21 12:11 +0300
                                                                  Re: Register windows John Savard <quadibloc@invalid.invalid> - 2025-07-21 15:42 +0000
                                                                    Re: Register windows MitchAlsup <user5857@newsgrouper.org.invalid> - 2025-08-21 21:48 +0000
                                                                      Re: Register windows Thomas Koenig <tkoenig@netcologne.de> - 2025-08-23 08:51 +0000
                                                                        Re: Register windows Stefan Monnier <monnier@iro.umontreal.ca> - 2025-08-29 17:07 -0400
                                                                          Re: Register windows BGB <cr88192@gmail.com> - 2025-08-30 01:47 -0500
                                                                          Re: Register windows antispam@fricas.org (Waldek Hebisch) - 2025-08-30 15:36 +0000
                                                                            Re: Register windows BGB <cr88192@gmail.com> - 2025-08-30 13:19 -0500
                                                                              Re: Register windows Stefan Monnier <monnier@iro.umontreal.ca> - 2025-08-30 14:22 -0400
                                                                                Re: Register windows BGB <cr88192@gmail.com> - 2025-08-30 13:46 -0500
                                                                                  Re: Register windows MitchAlsup <user5857@newsgrouper.org.invalid> - 2025-08-31 16:21 +0000
                                                                            Re: Register windows Thomas Koenig <tkoenig@netcologne.de> - 2025-09-12 17:47 +0000
                                                                              Re: Register windows MitchAlsup <user5857@newsgrouper.org.invalid> - 2025-09-12 19:02 +0000
                                                                                Re: Register windows scott@slp53.sl.home (Scott Lurndal) - 2025-09-14 15:16 +0000
                                                                                  Re: Register windows anton@mips.complang.tuwien.ac.at (Anton Ertl) - 2025-09-17 05:55 +0000
                                                                                    Re: Register windows scott@slp53.sl.home (Scott Lurndal) - 2025-09-17 13:58 +0000
                                                                          Re: Register windows anton@mips.complang.tuwien.ac.at (Anton Ertl) - 2025-08-31 05:36 +0000
                                                              Where's Ivan was Re: Register windows Stephen Fuld <sfuld@alumni.cmu.edu.invalid> - 2025-07-20 22:27 -0700
                                                                Re: Where's Ivan was Re: Register windows John Savard <quadibloc@invalid.invalid> - 2025-07-21 15:45 +0000
                                                                  Re: Where's Ivan was Re: Register windows Stephen Fuld <sfuld@alumni.cmu.edu.invalid> - 2025-07-21 12:05 -0700
                                                                    Re: Where's Ivan was Re: Register windows scott@slp53.sl.home (Scott Lurndal) - 2025-07-21 19:56 +0000
                                                                      Re: Where's Ivan was Re: Register windows Stephen Fuld <sfuld@alumni.cmu.edu.invalid> - 2025-07-21 22:02 -0700
                                                    Re: The Third Wish mitchalsup@aol.com (MitchAlsup1) - 2025-07-17 15:02 +0000
                                                  Re: The Third Wish mitchalsup@aol.com (MitchAlsup1) - 2025-07-17 14:59 +0000
                                                  Re: The Third Wish anton@mips.complang.tuwien.ac.at (Anton Ertl) - 2025-07-17 16:28 +0000
                                                    Re: The Third Wish mitchalsup@aol.com (MitchAlsup1) - 2025-07-17 19:21 +0000
                                                      Re: The Third Wish EricP <ThatWouldBeTelling@thevillage.com> - 2025-07-18 12:29 -0400
                                                Re: The Third Wish mitchalsup@aol.com (MitchAlsup1) - 2025-07-17 14:49 +0000
                                                  Re: The Third Wish John Savard <quadibloc@invalid.invalid> - 2025-07-17 18:03 +0000
                                                    Re: The Third Wish John Savard <quadibloc@invalid.invalid> - 2025-07-17 18:27 +0000
                                                      Re: The Third Wish mitchalsup@aol.com (MitchAlsup1) - 2025-07-17 20:04 +0000
                                                        Re: The Third Wish John Savard <quadibloc@invalid.invalid> - 2025-07-17 21:00 +0000
                                                          Re: The Third Wish John Savard <quadibloc@invalid.invalid> - 2025-07-17 21:26 +0000
                                                            Re: The Third Wish Thomas Koenig <tkoenig@netcologne.de> - 2025-07-18 19:47 +0000
                                                              Re: The Third Wish John Savard <quadibloc@invalid.invalid> - 2025-07-19 02:51 +0000
                                                          Re: The Third Wish mitchalsup@aol.com (MitchAlsup1) - 2025-07-17 21:29 +0000
                                                            Re: The Third Wish John Savard <quadibloc@invalid.invalid> - 2025-07-17 21:45 +0000
                                                              Re: The Third Wish John Savard <quadibloc@invalid.invalid> - 2025-07-17 21:58 +0000
                                                          Re: The Third Wish antispam@fricas.org (Waldek Hebisch) - 2025-07-18 15:39 +0000
                                                            Re: The Third Wish John Savard <quadibloc@invalid.invalid> - 2025-07-18 17:08 +0000
                                                              Re: The Third Wish mitchalsup@aol.com (MitchAlsup1) - 2025-07-18 19:38 +0000
                                                    Re: The Third Wish Stephen Fuld <sfuld@alumni.cmu.edu.invalid> - 2025-07-17 12:20 -0700
                                                      Re: The Third Wish mitchalsup@aol.com (MitchAlsup1) - 2025-07-17 19:52 +0000
                                                        PRF size (was: The Third Wish) Stefan Monnier <monnier@iro.umontreal.ca> - 2025-07-17 16:34 -0400
                                                          Re: PRF size mitchalsup@aol.com (MitchAlsup1) - 2025-07-17 21:38 +0000
                                                            Re: PRF size EricP <ThatWouldBeTelling@thevillage.com> - 2025-07-20 11:47 -0400
                                                              Re: PRF size mitchalsup@aol.com (MitchAlsup1) - 2025-07-20 17:34 +0000
                                                      Re: The Third Wish John Savard <quadibloc@invalid.invalid> - 2025-07-17 20:32 +0000
                                                        Re: The Third Wish Stephen Fuld <sfuld@alumni.cmu.edu.invalid> - 2025-07-17 21:35 -0700
                                                          Re: The Third Wish John Savard <quadibloc@invalid.invalid> - 2025-07-18 11:18 +0000
                                                          Re: The Third Wish John Savard <quadibloc@invalid.invalid> - 2025-07-18 11:28 +0000
                                                            Re: The Third Wish John Savard <quadibloc@invalid.invalid> - 2025-07-18 11:33 +0000
                                                          Re: The Third Wish mitchalsup@aol.com (MitchAlsup1) - 2025-07-18 15:12 +0000
                                                        Re: The Third Wish Stephen Fuld <sfuld@alumni.cmu.edu.invalid> - 2025-07-18 08:46 -0700
                                                          Re: The Third Wish scott@slp53.sl.home (Scott Lurndal) - 2025-07-18 16:25 +0000
                                                          Re: The Third Wish John Savard <quadibloc@invalid.invalid> - 2025-07-18 17:14 +0000
                                                            Re: The Third Wish mitchalsup@aol.com (MitchAlsup1) - 2025-07-18 19:39 +0000
                                                          Re: The Third Wish anton@mips.complang.tuwien.ac.at (Anton Ertl) - 2025-07-18 16:24 +0000
                                                            Re: The Third Wish Stephen Fuld <sfuld@alumni.cmu.edu.invalid> - 2025-07-18 11:40 -0700
                                                            Re: The Third Wish mitchalsup@aol.com (MitchAlsup1) - 2025-07-18 19:45 +0000
                                                      Re: The Third Wish EricP <ThatWouldBeTelling@thevillage.com> - 2025-07-18 14:07 -0400
                                                  Re: The Third Wish antispam@fricas.org (Waldek Hebisch) - 2025-07-18 16:10 +0000
                                                Re: The Third Wish anton@mips.complang.tuwien.ac.at (Anton Ertl) - 2025-07-17 17:06 +0000
                                              Re: The Third Wish antispam@fricas.org (Waldek Hebisch) - 2025-07-18 16:37 +0000
                                    Re: The Third Wish mitchalsup@aol.com (MitchAlsup1) - 2025-07-16 18:09 +0000
                                  Re: The Third Wish John Savard <quadibloc@invalid.invalid> - 2025-07-15 22:24 +0000
                                    Re: The Third Wish John Savard <quadibloc@invalid.invalid> - 2025-07-16 00:00 +0000
                                      Re: The Third Wish John Savard <quadibloc@invalid.invalid> - 2025-07-16 00:22 +0000
                                        Re: The Third Wish John Savard <quadibloc@invalid.invalid> - 2025-07-16 01:49 +0000
                                          Re: The Third Wish Thomas Koenig <tkoenig@netcologne.de> - 2025-07-16 17:33 +0000
                                            Re: The Third Wish John Savard <quadibloc@invalid.invalid> - 2025-07-16 23:24 +0000
                                            Re: The Third Wish John Savard <quadibloc@invalid.invalid> - 2025-07-16 23:26 +0000
                                          Re: The Third Wish mitchalsup@aol.com (MitchAlsup1) - 2025-07-16 18:06 +0000
                                            Re: The Third Wish "Chris M. Thomasson" <chris.m.thomasson.1@gmail.com> - 2025-07-16 14:55 -0700
                                      Re: The Third Wish John Savard <quadibloc@invalid.invalid> - 2025-07-16 12:26 +0000
          Re: Why I've Dropped In quadibloc <quadibloc@gmail.com> - 2025-06-13 10:43 +0000
          Re: Why I've Dropped In John Savard <quadibloc@invalid.invalid> - 2025-07-22 04:30 +0000
            Re: Why I've Dropped In John Savard <quadibloc@invalid.invalid> - 2025-07-22 16:29 +0000
              Satisfaction John Savard <quadibloc@invalid.invalid> - 2025-07-24 11:07 +0000
                Re: Satisfaction John Savard <quadibloc@invalid.invalid> - 2025-07-24 16:45 +0000
                  Re: Satisfaction John Savard <quadibloc@invalid.invalid> - 2025-07-24 20:04 +0000
        Re: Why I've Dropped In quadibloc <quadibloc@gmail.com> - 2025-06-16 03:46 +0000
    Re: Why I've Dropped In quadibloc <quadibloc@gmail.com> - 2025-06-12 15:38 +0000
      Re: Why I've Dropped In mitchalsup@aol.com (MitchAlsup1) - 2025-06-12 19:24 +0000
        Re: Why I've Dropped In quadibloc <quadibloc@gmail.com> - 2025-06-13 00:11 +0000
          Re: Why I've Dropped In BGB <cr88192@gmail.com> - 2025-06-16 17:14 -0500
            Re: Why I've Dropped In mitchalsup@aol.com (MitchAlsup1) - 2025-06-16 23:37 +0000
              Re: Why I've Dropped In quadibloc <quadibloc@gmail.com> - 2025-06-17 01:20 +0000
                Re: Why I've Dropped In mitchalsup@aol.com (MitchAlsup1) - 2025-06-17 17:41 +0000
                  Re: Why I've Dropped In quadibloc <quadibloc@gmail.com> - 2025-06-17 17:59 +0000
                    Re: Why I've Dropped In BGB <cr88192@gmail.com> - 2025-06-17 14:04 -0500
                      Re: Why I've Dropped In mitchalsup@aol.com (MitchAlsup1) - 2025-06-17 21:19 +0000
                        Re: Why I've Dropped In BGB <cr88192@gmail.com> - 2025-06-18 01:16 -0500
                          Re: Why I've Dropped In Stephen Fuld <sfuld@alumni.cmu.edu.invalid> - 2025-06-17 23:35 -0700
                            Re: Why I've Dropped In BGB <cr88192@gmail.com> - 2025-06-18 02:10 -0500
                          Re: Why I've Dropped In antispam@fricas.org (Waldek Hebisch) - 2025-06-25 22:24 +0000
                            Re: Why I've Dropped In mitchalsup@aol.com (MitchAlsup1) - 2025-06-25 23:00 +0000
                      Re: Why I've Dropped In quadibloc <quadibloc@gmail.com> - 2025-06-18 16:09 +0000
                    Re: Why I've Dropped In "Chris M. Thomasson" <chris.m.thomasson.1@gmail.com> - 2025-06-17 12:45 -0700
                      Re: Why I've Dropped In John Savard <quadibloc@invalid.invalid> - 2025-08-01 04:31 +0000
                  Re: Why I've Dropped In Stefan Monnier <monnier@iro.umontreal.ca> - 2025-06-17 16:51 -0400
                    Re: Why I've Dropped In mitchalsup@aol.com (MitchAlsup1) - 2025-06-17 21:11 +0000
                    Re: Why I've Dropped In anton@mips.complang.tuwien.ac.at (Anton Ertl) - 2025-06-18 06:58 +0000
                  Re: Why I've Dropped In antispam@fricas.org (Waldek Hebisch) - 2025-06-18 14:45 +0000
              Re: Why I've Dropped In BGB <cr88192@gmail.com> - 2025-06-17 01:28 -0500
                Re: Why I've Dropped In quadibloc <quadibloc@gmail.com> - 2025-06-17 12:58 +0000
                  Re: Why I've Dropped In quadibloc <quadibloc@gmail.com> - 2025-06-17 13:12 +0000
                    Re: Why I've Dropped In mitchalsup@aol.com (MitchAlsup1) - 2025-06-17 17:52 +0000
                      Re: Why I've Dropped In scott@slp53.sl.home (Scott Lurndal) - 2025-06-17 18:14 +0000
                    Re: Why I've Dropped In Thomas Koenig <tkoenig@netcologne.de> - 2025-06-18 14:10 +0000
                      Re: Why I've Dropped In quadibloc <quadibloc@gmail.com> - 2025-06-18 15:14 +0000
                        Re: Why I've Dropped In mitchalsup@aol.com (MitchAlsup1) - 2025-06-18 18:16 +0000
                          Re: Why I've Dropped In quadibloc <quadibloc@gmail.com> - 2025-06-18 22:00 +0000
                            Re: Why I've Dropped In quadibloc <quadibloc@gmail.com> - 2025-06-18 23:20 +0000
                            Re: Why I've Dropped In mitchalsup@aol.com (MitchAlsup1) - 2025-06-19 01:03 +0000

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#113137 — Re: System calls (was: VAX)

Fromscott@slp53.sl.home (Scott Lurndal)
Date2025-08-14 15:32 +0000
SubjectRe: System calls (was: VAX)
Message-ID<sknnQ.168942$Bui1.63359@fx10.iad>
In reply to#113135
cross@spitfire.i.gajendra.net (Dan Cross) writes:
>In article <2025Aug13.232334@mips.complang.tuwien.ac.at>,
>Anton Ertl <anton@mips.complang.tuwien.ac.at> wrote:
>>cross@spitfire.i.gajendra.net (Dan Cross) writes:
>>>In article <2025Aug13.181010@mips.complang.tuwien.ac.at>,
>>>Anton Ertl <anton@mips.complang.tuwien.ac.at> wrote:
>>>>For lseek(2):
>>>>
>>>>| Upon successful completion, lseek() returns the resulting offset
>>>>| location as measured in bytes from the beginning of the file.
>>>>
>>>>Given that off_t is signed, lseek(2) can only return positive values.
>>>
>>>This is incorrect; or rather, it's accidentally correct now, but
>>>was not previously.  The 1990 POSIX standard did not explicitly
>>>forbid a file that was so large that the offset couldn't
>>>overflow, hence why in 1990 POSIX you have to be careful about
>>>error handling when using `lseek`.
>>>
>>>It is true that POSIX 2024 _does_ prohibit seeking so far that
>>>the offset would become negative, however.
>>
>>I don't think that this is accidental.  In 1990 signed overlow had
>>reliable behaviour on common 2s-complement hardware with the C
>>compilers of the day.
>
>This is simply not true.  If anything, there was more variety of
>hardware supported by C90, and some of those systems were 1's
>complement or sign/mag, not 2's complement.  Consequently,
>signed integer overflow has _always_ had undefined behavior in
>ANSI/ISO C.

Both Burroughs Large Systems (48-bit stack machine) and the
Sperry 1100/2200 (36-bit) systems had (have, in emulation today)
C compilers.

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#113138 — Re: System calls (was: VAX)

Fromcross@spitfire.i.gajendra.net (Dan Cross)
Date2025-08-14 15:44 +0000
SubjectRe: System calls (was: VAX)
Message-ID<107l092$r4t$1@reader1.panix.com>
In reply to#113137
In article <sknnQ.168942$Bui1.63359@fx10.iad>,
Scott Lurndal <slp53@pacbell.net> wrote:
>cross@spitfire.i.gajendra.net (Dan Cross) writes:
>>In article <2025Aug13.232334@mips.complang.tuwien.ac.at>,
>>Anton Ertl <anton@mips.complang.tuwien.ac.at> wrote:
>>>cross@spitfire.i.gajendra.net (Dan Cross) writes:
>>>>In article <2025Aug13.181010@mips.complang.tuwien.ac.at>,
>>>>Anton Ertl <anton@mips.complang.tuwien.ac.at> wrote:
>>>>>For lseek(2):
>>>>>
>>>>>| Upon successful completion, lseek() returns the resulting offset
>>>>>| location as measured in bytes from the beginning of the file.
>>>>>
>>>>>Given that off_t is signed, lseek(2) can only return positive values.
>>>>
>>>>This is incorrect; or rather, it's accidentally correct now, but
>>>>was not previously.  The 1990 POSIX standard did not explicitly
>>>>forbid a file that was so large that the offset couldn't
>>>>overflow, hence why in 1990 POSIX you have to be careful about
>>>>error handling when using `lseek`.
>>>>
>>>>It is true that POSIX 2024 _does_ prohibit seeking so far that
>>>>the offset would become negative, however.
>>>
>>>I don't think that this is accidental.  In 1990 signed overlow had
>>>reliable behaviour on common 2s-complement hardware with the C
>>>compilers of the day.
>>
>>This is simply not true.  If anything, there was more variety of
>>hardware supported by C90, and some of those systems were 1's
>>complement or sign/mag, not 2's complement.  Consequently,
>>signed integer overflow has _always_ had undefined behavior in
>>ANSI/ISO C.
>
>Both Burroughs Large Systems (48-bit stack machine) and the
>Sperry 1100/2200 (36-bit) systems had (have, in emulation today)
>C compilers.

Yup.  The 1100-series machines were (are) 1's complement.  Those
are the ones I usually think of when cursing that signed integer
overflow is UB in C.

I don't think anyone is compiling C23 code for those machines,
but back in the late 1980s, they were still enough of a going
concern that they could influence the emerginc C standard.  Not
so much anymore. 

Regardless, signed integer overflow remains UB in the current C
standard, nevermind definitionally following 2s complement
semantics.  Usually this is done on the basis of performance
arguments: some seemingly-important loop optimizations can be
made if the compiler can assert that overflow Cannot Happen.

And of course, even today, C still targets oddball platforms
like DSPs and custom chips, where assumptions about the ubiquity
of 2's comp may not hold.

	- Dan C.

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#113140 — Re: System calls

FromDavid Brown <david.brown@hesbynett.no>
Date2025-08-14 19:15 +0200
SubjectRe: System calls
Message-ID<107l5ju$k78a$1@dont-email.me>
In reply to#113138
On 14.08.2025 17:44, Dan Cross wrote:
> In article <sknnQ.168942$Bui1.63359@fx10.iad>,
> Scott Lurndal <slp53@pacbell.net> wrote:
>> Both Burroughs Large Systems (48-bit stack machine) and the
>> Sperry 1100/2200 (36-bit) systems had (have, in emulation today)
>> C compilers.
> 
> Yup.  The 1100-series machines were (are) 1's complement.  Those
> are the ones I usually think of when cursing that signed integer
> overflow is UB in C.
> 
> I don't think anyone is compiling C23 code for those machines,
> but back in the late 1980s, they were still enough of a going
> concern that they could influence the emerginc C standard.  Not
> so much anymore.
> 

They would presumably have been part of the justification for supporting 
multiple signed integer formats at the time.  UB on signed integer 
arithmetic overflow is a different matter altogether.

> Regardless, signed integer overflow remains UB in the current C
> standard, nevermind definitionally following 2s complement
> semantics.  Usually this is done on the basis of performance
> arguments: some seemingly-important loop optimizations can be
> made if the compiler can assert that overflow Cannot Happen.
> 

The justification for "signed integer arithmetic overflow is UB" is in 
the C standards 6.5p5 under "Expressions" :

"""
If an exceptional condition occurs during the evaluation of an 
expression (that is, if the result is not mathematically defined or not 
in the range of representable values for its type), the behavior is
undefined.
"""

It actually has absolutely nothing to do with signed integer 
representation, or machine hardware.  It doesn't even have much to do 
with integers at all.  It is simply that if the calculation can't give a 
correct answer, then then the C standards don't say anything about the 
results or effects.

The point is that there when the results of an integer computation are 
too big, there is no way to get the correct answer in the types used. 
Two's complement wrapping is /not/ correct.  If you add two real-world 
positive integers, you don't get a negative integer.

> And of course, even today, C still targets oddball platforms
> like DSPs and custom chips, where assumptions about the ubiquity
> of 2's comp may not hold.
> 

Modern C and C++ standards have dropped support for signed integer 
representation other than two's complement, because they are not in use 
in any modern hardware (including any DSP's) - at least, not for 
general-purpose integers.  Both committees have consistently voted to 
keep overflow as UB.

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#113141 — Re: System calls

FromThomas Koenig <tkoenig@netcologne.de>
Date2025-08-14 17:43 +0000
SubjectRe: System calls
Message-ID<107l78m$ko4o$1@dont-email.me>
In reply to#113140
David Brown <david.brown@hesbynett.no> schrieb:

> The point is that there when the results of an integer computation are 
> too big, there is no way to get the correct answer in the types used. 
> Two's complement wrapping is /not/ correct.  If you add two real-world 
> positive integers, you don't get a negative integer.

I believe it was you who wrote "If you add enough apples to a
pile, the number of apples becomes negative", so there is
clerly a defined physical meaning to overflow.

:-)
-- 
This USENET posting was made without artificial intelligence,
artificial impertinence, artificial arrogance, artificial stupidity,
artificial flavorings or artificial colorants.

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#113152 — Re: System calls

FromDavid Brown <david.brown@hesbynett.no>
Date2025-08-15 17:49 +0200
SubjectRe: System calls
Message-ID<107nkv6$1753a$2@dont-email.me>
In reply to#113141
On 14.08.2025 19:43, Thomas Koenig wrote:
> David Brown <david.brown@hesbynett.no> schrieb:
> 
>> The point is that there when the results of an integer computation are
>> too big, there is no way to get the correct answer in the types used.
>> Two's complement wrapping is /not/ correct.  If you add two real-world
>> positive integers, you don't get a negative integer.
> 
> I believe it was you who wrote "If you add enough apples to a
> pile, the number of apples becomes negative", so there is
> clerly a defined physical meaning to overflow.
> 
> :-)

Yes, I did say something along those lines - but perhaps not /exactly/ 
those words!

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#113144 — Re: System calls

Fromcross@spitfire.i.gajendra.net (Dan Cross)
Date2025-08-14 21:44 +0000
SubjectRe: System calls
Message-ID<107llca$c9c$1@reader1.panix.com>
In reply to#113140
In article <107l5ju$k78a$1@dont-email.me>,
David Brown  <david.brown@hesbynett.no> wrote:
>On 14.08.2025 17:44, Dan Cross wrote:
>> In article <sknnQ.168942$Bui1.63359@fx10.iad>,
>> Scott Lurndal <slp53@pacbell.net> wrote:
>>> Both Burroughs Large Systems (48-bit stack machine) and the
>>> Sperry 1100/2200 (36-bit) systems had (have, in emulation today)
>>> C compilers.
>> 
>> Yup.  The 1100-series machines were (are) 1's complement.  Those
>> are the ones I usually think of when cursing that signed integer
>> overflow is UB in C.
>> 
>> I don't think anyone is compiling C23 code for those machines,
>> but back in the late 1980s, they were still enough of a going
>> concern that they could influence the emerginc C standard.  Not
>> so much anymore.
>
>They would presumably have been part of the justification for supporting 
>multiple signed integer formats at the time.

C90 doesn't have much to say about this at all, other than
saying that the actual representation and ranges of the integer
types are implementation defined (G.3.5 para 1).

C90 does say that, "The representations of integral types shall
define values by use of a pure binary numeration system" (sec
6.1.2.5).

C99 tightens this up and talks about 2's comp, 1's comp, and
sign/mag as being the permissible representations (J.3.5, para
1).

>UB on signed integer 
>arithmetic overflow is a different matter altogether.

I disagree.

>> Regardless, signed integer overflow remains UB in the current C
>> standard, nevermind definitionally following 2s complement
>> semantics.  Usually this is done on the basis of performance
>> arguments: some seemingly-important loop optimizations can be
>> made if the compiler can assert that overflow Cannot Happen.
>
>The justification for "signed integer arithmetic overflow is UB" is in 
>the C standards 6.5p5 under "Expressions" :

Not in ANSI/ISO 9899-1990.  In that revision of the standard,
sec 6.5 covers declarations.

>"""
>If an exceptional condition occurs during the evaluation of an 
>expression (that is, if the result is not mathematically defined or not 
>in the range of representable values for its type), the behavior is
>undefined.
>"""

In C90, this language appears in sec 6.3 para 5.  Note, however,
that they do not define what an exception _is_, only a few
things that _may_ cause one.  See below.

>It actually has absolutely nothing to do with signed integer 
>representation, or machine hardware.

Consider this language from the (non-normative) example 4 in sec
5.1.2.3:

|On a machine in which overflows produce an exception and in
|which the range of values representable by an *int* is
|[-32768,+32767], the implementation cannot rewrite this
|expression as [continues with the specifics of the example]....

That seems pretty clear that they're thinking about machines
that actually generate a hardware trap of some kind on overflow.

>It doesn't even have much to do 
>with integers at all.  It is simply that if the calculation can't give a 
>correct answer, then then the C standards don't say anything about the 
>results or effects.
>
>The point is that there when the results of an integer computation are 
>too big, there is no way to get the correct answer in the types used. 
>Two's complement wrapping is /not/ correct.  If you add two real-world 
>positive integers, you don't get a negative integer.

Sorry, but I don't buy this argument as anything other than a
justification after the fact.  We're talking about history and
motivation here, not the behavior described in the standard.

In particular, C is a programming language for actual machines,
not a mathematical notation; the language is free to define the
behavior of arithmetic expressions in any way it chooses, though
one presumes it would do so in a way that makes sense for the
machines that it targets.  Thus, it could have formalized the
result of signed integer overflow to follow 2's complement
semantics had the committee so chosen, in which case the result
would not be "incorrect", it would be well-defined with respect
to the semantics of the language.  Java, for example, does this,
as does C11 (and later) atomic integer operations.  Indeed, the
C99 rationale document makes frequent reference to twos
complement, where overflow and modular behavior are frequently
equivalent, being the common case.  But aside from the more
recent atomics support, C _chose_ not to do this.

Also, consider that _unsigned_ arithmetic is defined as having
wrap-around semantics similar to modular arithmetic, and thus
incapable of overflow.  But that's simply a fiction invented for
the abstract machine described informally in the standard: it
requires special handling one machines like the 1100 series,
because those machines might trap on overflow.  The C committee
could just as well have said that the unsigned arithmetic
_could_ overflow and that the result was UB.

So why did C chose this way?  The only logical reason is that
there were machines at the time that where a) integer overflow
caused machine exceptions, and b) the representation of signed
integers was not well-defined, so that the actual value
resulting from overflow could not be rigorously defined.  Given
that C90 mandated a binary representation for integers and so
the representation of of unsigned integers is basically common,
there was no need to do that for unsigned arithmetic.

>> And of course, even today, C still targets oddball platforms
>> like DSPs and custom chips, where assumptions about the ubiquity
>> of 2's comp may not hold.
>
>Modern C and C++ standards have dropped support for signed integer 
>representation other than two's complement, because they are not in use 
>in any modern hardware (including any DSP's) - at least, not for 
>general-purpose integers.  Both committees have consistently voted to 
>keep overflow as UB.

Yes.  As I said, performance is often the justification.

I'm not convinced that there are no custom chips and/or DSPs
that are not manufactured today.  They may not be common, their
mere existence is certainly dumb and offensive, but that does
not mean that they don't exist.  Note that the survey in, e.g.,
https://www.open-std.org/jtc1/sc22/wg14/www/docs/n2218.htm
only mentions _popular_ DSPs, not _all_ DSPs.

Of course, if such machines exist, I will certainly concede that
I doubt very much that anyone is targeting them with C code
written to a modern standard.

	- Dan C.

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#113151 — Re: System calls

FromDavid Brown <david.brown@hesbynett.no>
Date2025-08-15 17:49 +0200
SubjectRe: System calls
Message-ID<107nkv2$1753a$1@dont-email.me>
In reply to#113144
On 14.08.2025 23:44, Dan Cross wrote:
> In article <107l5ju$k78a$1@dont-email.me>,
> David Brown  <david.brown@hesbynett.no> wrote:
>> On 14.08.2025 17:44, Dan Cross wrote:
>>> In article <sknnQ.168942$Bui1.63359@fx10.iad>,
>>> Scott Lurndal <slp53@pacbell.net> wrote:
>>>> Both Burroughs Large Systems (48-bit stack machine) and the
>>>> Sperry 1100/2200 (36-bit) systems had (have, in emulation today)
>>>> C compilers.
>>>
>>> Yup.  The 1100-series machines were (are) 1's complement.  Those
>>> are the ones I usually think of when cursing that signed integer
>>> overflow is UB in C.
>>>
>>> I don't think anyone is compiling C23 code for those machines,
>>> but back in the late 1980s, they were still enough of a going
>>> concern that they could influence the emerginc C standard.  Not
>>> so much anymore.
>>
>> They would presumably have been part of the justification for supporting
>> multiple signed integer formats at the time.
> 
> C90 doesn't have much to say about this at all, other than
> saying that the actual representation and ranges of the integer
> types are implementation defined (G.3.5 para 1).
> 
> C90 does say that, "The representations of integral types shall
> define values by use of a pure binary numeration system" (sec
> 6.1.2.5).
> 
> C99 tightens this up and talks about 2's comp, 1's comp, and
> sign/mag as being the permissible representations (J.3.5, para
> 1).

Yes.  Early C didn't go into the details, then C99 described the systems 
that could realistically be used.  And now in C23 only two's complement 
is allowed.

> 
>> UB on signed integer
>> arithmetic overflow is a different matter altogether.
> 
> I disagree.
> 

You have overflow when the mathematical result of an operation cannot be 
expressed accurately in the type - regardless of the representation 
format for the numbers.  Your options, as a language designer or 
implementer, of handling the overflow are the same regardless of the 
representation.  You can pick a fixed value to return, or saturate, or 
invoke some kind of error handler mechanism, or return a "don't care" 
unspecified value of the type, or perform a specified algorithm to get a 
representable value (such as reduction modulo 2^n), or you can simply 
say the program is broken if this happens (it is UB).

I don't see where the representation comes into it - overflow is a 
matter of values and the ranges that can be stored in a type, not how 
those values are stored in the bits of the data.

>>> Regardless, signed integer overflow remains UB in the current C
>>> standard, nevermind definitionally following 2s complement
>>> semantics.  Usually this is done on the basis of performance
>>> arguments: some seemingly-important loop optimizations can be
>>> made if the compiler can assert that overflow Cannot Happen.
>>
>> The justification for "signed integer arithmetic overflow is UB" is in
>> the C standards 6.5p5 under "Expressions" :
> 
> Not in ANSI/ISO 9899-1990.  In that revision of the standard,
> sec 6.5 covers declarations.
> 
>> """
>> If an exceptional condition occurs during the evaluation of an
>> expression (that is, if the result is not mathematically defined or not
>> in the range of representable values for its type), the behavior is
>> undefined.
>> """
> 
> In C90, this language appears in sec 6.3 para 5.  Note, however,
> that they do not define what an exception _is_, only a few
> things that _may_ cause one.  See below.
> 

It's basically the same in C90 onwards, with just small changes to the 
wording.  And it /does/ define what is meant by an "exceptional 
condition" (or just "exception" in C90) - that is done by the part in 
parentheses.

>> It actually has absolutely nothing to do with signed integer
>> representation, or machine hardware.
> 
> Consider this language from the (non-normative) example 4 in sec
> 5.1.2.3:
> 
> |On a machine in which overflows produce an exception and in
> |which the range of values representable by an *int* is
> |[-32768,+32767], the implementation cannot rewrite this
> |expression as [continues with the specifics of the example]....
> 
> That seems pretty clear that they're thinking about machines
> that actually generate a hardware trap of some kind on overflow.
> 

They are thinking about that possibility, yes.  In C90, the term 
"exception" here was not clearly defined - and it is definitely not the 
same as the term "exception" in 6.3p5.  The wording was improved in C99 
without changing the intended meaning - there the term in the paragraph 
under "Expressions" is "exceptional condition" (defined in that 
paragraph), while in the example in "Execution environments", it says 
"On a machine in which overflows produce an explicit trap".  (C11 
further clarifies what "performs a trap" means.)

But this is about re-arrangements the compiler is allowed to make, or 
barred from making - it can't make re-arrangements that would mean 
execution failed when the direct execution of the code according to the 
C abstract machine would have worked correctly (without ever having 
encountered an "exceptional condition" or other UB).  Representation is 
not relevant here - there is nothing about two's complement, ones' 
complement, sign-magnitude, or anything else.  Even the machine hardware 
is not actually particularly important, given that most processors 
support non-trapping integer arithmetic instructions and for those that 
don't have explicit trap instructions, a compiler could generate "jump 
if overflow flag set" or similar instructions to emulate traps 
reasonably efficiently.  (Many compilers support that kind of thing as 
an option to aid debugging.)


>> It doesn't even have much to do
>> with integers at all.  It is simply that if the calculation can't give a
>> correct answer, then then the C standards don't say anything about the
>> results or effects.
>>
>> The point is that there when the results of an integer computation are
>> too big, there is no way to get the correct answer in the types used.
>> Two's complement wrapping is /not/ correct.  If you add two real-world
>> positive integers, you don't get a negative integer.
> 
> Sorry, but I don't buy this argument as anything other than a
> justification after the fact.  We're talking about history and
> motivation here, not the behavior described in the standard.

It is a fair point that I am describing a rational and sensible reason 
for UB on arithmetic overflow - and I do not know the motivation of the 
early C language designers, compiler implementers, and authors of the 
first C standard.

I do know, however, that the principle of "garbage in, garbage out" was 
well established long before C was conceived.  And programmers of that 
time were familiar with the concept of functions and operations being 
defined for appropriate inputs, and having no defined behaviour for 
invalid inputs.  C is full of other things where behaviour is left 
undefined when no sensible correct answer can be specified, and that is 
not just because the behaviour of different hardware could vary.  It 
seems perfectly reasonable to me to suppose that signed integer 
arithmetic overflow is just another case, no different from 
dereferencing an invalid pointer, dividing by zero, or any one of the 
other UB's in the standards.

> 
> In particular, C is a programming language for actual machines,
> not a mathematical notation; the language is free to define the
> behavior of arithmetic expressions in any way it chooses, though
> one presumes it would do so in a way that makes sense for the
> machines that it targets.

Yes, that is true.  It is, however, also important to remember that it 
was based on a general abstract machine, not any particular hardware, 
and that the operations were intended to follow standard mathematics as 
well as practically possible - operations and expressions in C were not 
designed for any particular hardware.  (Though some design choices were 
biased by particular hardware.)

> Thus, it could have formalized the
> result of signed integer overflow to follow 2's complement
> semantics had the committee so chosen, in which case the result
> would not be "incorrect", it would be well-defined with respect
> to the semantics of the language.  Java, for example, does this,
> as does C11 (and later) atomic integer operations.  Indeed, the
> C99 rationale document makes frequent reference to twos
> complement, where overflow and modular behavior are frequently
> equivalent, being the common case.  But aside from the more
> recent atomics support, C _chose_ not to do this.
> 

It could have made signed integer overflow defined behaviour, but it did 
not.  The C standards committee have explicitly chosen not to do that, 
even after deciding that two's complement is the only supported 
representation for signed integers in C23 onwards.  It is fine to have 
two's complement representation, and fine to have modulo arithmetic in 
some circumstances, while leaving other arithmetic overflow undefined. 
Unsigned integer operations in C have always been defined as modulo 
arithmetic - addition of unsigned values is a different operation from 
addition of signed values.  Having some modulo behaviour does not in any 
way imply that signed arithmetic should be modulo.

In Java, the language designers decided that integer arithmetic 
operations would be modulo operations.  Wrapping therefore gives the 
correct answer for those operations - it does not give the correct 
answer for mathematical integer operations.  And Java loses common 
mathematical identities which C retains - such as the identity that 
adding a positive integer to another integer will increase its value. 
Something always has to be lost when approximating unbounded 
mathematical integers in a bounded implementation - I think C made the 
right choices here about what to keep and what to lose, and Java made 
the wrong choices.  (Others may of course have different opinions.)

In Zig, unsigned integer arithmetic overflow is also UB as these 
operations are not defined as modulo.  I think that is a good natural 
choice too - but it is useful for a language to have a way to do 
wrapping arithmetic on the occasions you need it.

> Also, consider that _unsigned_ arithmetic is defined as having
> wrap-around semantics similar to modular arithmetic, and thus
> incapable of overflow.  

Yes.  Unsigned arithmetic operations are different operations from 
signed arithmetic operations in C.

> But that's simply a fiction invented for
> the abstract machine described informally in the standard: it
> requires special handling one machines like the 1100 series,
> because those machines might trap on overflow.  The C committee
> could just as well have said that the unsigned arithmetic
> _could_ overflow and that the result was UB.
> 

They could have done that (as the Zig folk did).

> So why did C chose this way?  The only logical reason is that
> there were machines at the time that where a) integer overflow
> caused machine exceptions, and b) the representation of signed
> integers was not well-defined, so that the actual value
> resulting from overflow could not be rigorously defined.  Given
> that C90 mandated a binary representation for integers and so
> the representation of of unsigned integers is basically common,
> there was no need to do that for unsigned arithmetic.
> 

Not at all.  Usually when someone says "the only logical reason is...", 
they really mean "the only logical reason /I/ can think of is...", or 
"the only reason that /I/ can think of that /I/ think is logical is...".

For a language that can be used as a low-level systems language, it is 
important to be able to do modulo arithmetic efficiently.  It is needed 
for a number of low-level tasks, including the implementation of large 
arithmetic operations, handling timers, counters, and other bits and 
pieces.  So it was definitely a useful thing to have in C.

For a language that can be used as a fast and efficient application 
language, it must have a reasonable approximation to mathematical 
integer arithmetic.  Implementations should not be forced to have 
behaviours beyond the mathematically sensible answers - if a calculation 
can't be done correctly, there's no point in doing it.  Giving nonsense 
results does not help anyone - C programmers or toolchain implementers, 
so the language should not specify any particular result.  More sensible 
defined overflow behaviour - saturation, error values, language 
exceptions or traps, etc., would be very inefficient on most hardware. 
So UB is the best choice - and implementations can do something 
different if they like.

Too many options make a language bigger - harder to implement, harder to 
learn, harder to use.  So it makes sense to have modulo arithmetic for 
unsigned types, and normal arithmetic for signed types.

I am not claiming to know that this is the reasoning made by the C 
language pioneers.  But it is definitely an alternative logical reason 
for C being the way it is.

>>> And of course, even today, C still targets oddball platforms
>>> like DSPs and custom chips, where assumptions about the ubiquity
>>> of 2's comp may not hold.
>>
>> Modern C and C++ standards have dropped support for signed integer
>> representation other than two's complement, because they are not in use
>> in any modern hardware (including any DSP's) - at least, not for
>> general-purpose integers.  Both committees have consistently voted to
>> keep overflow as UB.
> 
> Yes.  As I said, performance is often the justification.
> 
> I'm not convinced that there are no custom chips and/or DSPs
> that are not manufactured today.  They may not be common, their
> mere existence is certainly dumb and offensive, but that does
> not mean that they don't exist.  Note that the survey in, e.g.,
> https://www.open-std.org/jtc1/sc22/wg14/www/docs/n2218.htm
> only mentions _popular_ DSPs, not _all_ DSPs.
> 

I think you might have missed a few words in that paragraph, but I 
believe I know what you intended.  There are certainly DSPs and other 
cores that have strong support for alternative overflow behaviour - 
saturation is very common in DSPs, and it is also common to have a 
"sticky overflow" flag so that you can do lots of calculations in a 
tight loop, and check for problems once you are finished.  I think it is 
highly unlikely that you'll find a core with something other than two's 
complement as the representation for signed integer types, though I 
can't claim that I know /all/ devices!  (I do know a bit about more 
cores than would be considered popular or common.)

> Of course, if such machines exist, I will certainly concede that
> I doubt very much that anyone is targeting them with C code
> written to a modern standard.
> 

Modern C is definitely used on DSPs with strong saturation support. 
(Even ARM cores have saturated arithmetic instructions.)  But they can 
also handle two's complement wrapped signed integer arithmetic if the 
programmer wants that - after all, it's exactly the same in the hardware 
as modulo unsigned arithmetic (except for division).  That doesn't mean 
that wrapping signed integer overflow is useful or desired behaviour.

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#113155 — Re: System calls

Fromcross@spitfire.i.gajendra.net (Dan Cross)
Date2025-08-15 18:33 +0000
SubjectRe: System calls
Message-ID<107nuh3$4q1$1@reader1.panix.com>
In reply to#113151
In article <107nkv2$1753a$1@dont-email.me>,
David Brown  <david.brown@hesbynett.no> wrote:
>On 14.08.2025 23:44, Dan Cross wrote:
>> In article <107l5ju$k78a$1@dont-email.me>,
>> David Brown  <david.brown@hesbynett.no> wrote:
>>> [snip]
>>> UB on signed integer
>>> arithmetic overflow is a different matter altogether.
>> 
>> I disagree.
>
>You have overflow when the mathematical result of an operation cannot be 
>expressed accurately in the type - regardless of the representation 
>format for the numbers.  Your options, as a language designer or 
>implementer, of handling the overflow are the same regardless of the 
>representation.  You can pick a fixed value to return, or saturate, or 
>invoke some kind of error handler mechanism, or return a "don't care" 
>unspecified value of the type, or perform a specified algorithm to get a 
>representable value (such as reduction modulo 2^n), or you can simply 
>say the program is broken if this happens (it is UB).
>
>I don't see where the representation comes into it - overflow is a 
>matter of values and the ranges that can be stored in a type, not how 
>those values are stored in the bits of the data.

I understood your point. But we are talking about the history of
the language here, not the presently defined behavior.

We do, in fact, have historical source materials we can draw
from when discussing this; there's little need to guess.  Here,
we know that the earliest C implementations simply ignored the
posibility of overflow.  In K&R1, chap 2, sec 2.5 ("Arithmetic
Operators") on page 38, the authors write, "the action taken on
overflow or underflow depends on the machine at hand."  In
Appendix A, sec 7 ("Expressions"), page 185, the authors write:
"The handling of overflow and divide check in expression
evaluation is machine-dependent.  All existing implements of C
ignore integer overflows; treatment of division by 0, and all
floating point exceptions, varies between machines, and is
usually adjustable by a library function."

In other words, different machines give different results; some
will trap, others will differ due to representation issues.  No
where here does it suggest that the language designers were
worried about getting the "wrong" result, as you have asserted.

>>>> Regardless, signed integer overflow remains UB in the current C
>>>> standard, nevermind definitionally following 2s complement
>>>> semantics.  Usually this is done on the basis of performance
>>>> arguments: some seemingly-important loop optimizations can be
>>>> made if the compiler can assert that overflow Cannot Happen.
>>>
>>> The justification for "signed integer arithmetic overflow is UB" is in
>>> the C standards 6.5p5 under "Expressions" :
>> 
>> Not in ANSI/ISO 9899-1990.  In that revision of the standard,
>> sec 6.5 covers declarations.
>> 
>>> """
>>> If an exceptional condition occurs during the evaluation of an
>>> expression (that is, if the result is not mathematically defined or not
>>> in the range of representable values for its type), the behavior is
>>> undefined.
>>> """
>> 
>> In C90, this language appears in sec 6.3 para 5.  Note, however,
>> that they do not define what an exception _is_, only a few
>> things that _may_ cause one.  See below.
>
>It's basically the same in C90 onwards, with just small changes to the 
>wording.

Did I suggest otherwise?

>And it /does/ define what is meant by an "exceptional 
>condition" (or just "exception" in C90) - that is done by the part in 
>parentheses.

That is an interpretation.

>>> It actually has absolutely nothing to do with signed integer
>>> representation, or machine hardware.
>> 
>> Consider this language from the (non-normative) example 4 in sec
>> 5.1.2.3:
>> 
>> |On a machine in which overflows produce an exception and in
>> |which the range of values representable by an *int* is
>> |[-32768,+32767], the implementation cannot rewrite this
>> |expression as [continues with the specifics of the example]....
>> 
>> That seems pretty clear that they're thinking about machines
>> that actually generate a hardware trap of some kind on overflow.
>
>They are thinking about that possibility, yes.  In C90, the term 
>"exception" here was not clearly defined - and it is definitely not the 
>same as the term "exception" in 6.3p5.  The wording was improved in C99 
>without changing the intended meaning - there the term in the paragraph 
>under "Expressions" is "exceptional condition" (defined in that 
>paragraph), while in the example in "Execution environments", it says 
>"On a machine in which overflows produce an explicit trap".  (C11 
>further clarifies what "performs a trap" means.)
>
>But this is about re-arrangements the compiler is allowed to make, or 
>barred from making - it can't make re-arrangements that would mean 
>execution failed when the direct execution of the code according to the 
>C abstract machine would have worked correctly (without ever having 
>encountered an "exceptional condition" or other UB).  Representation is 
>not relevant here - there is nothing about two's complement, ones' 
>complement, sign-magnitude, or anything else.  Even the machine hardware 
>is not actually particularly important, given that most processors 
>support non-trapping integer arithmetic instructions and for those that 
>don't have explicit trap instructions, a compiler could generate "jump 
>if overflow flag set" or similar instructions to emulate traps 
>reasonably efficiently.  (Many compilers support that kind of thing as 
>an option to aid debugging.)
>
>>> It doesn't even have much to do
>>> with integers at all.  It is simply that if the calculation can't give a
>>> correct answer, then then the C standards don't say anything about the
>>> results or effects.
>>>
>>> The point is that there when the results of an integer computation are
>>> too big, there is no way to get the correct answer in the types used.
>>> Two's complement wrapping is /not/ correct.  If you add two real-world
>>> positive integers, you don't get a negative integer.
>> 
>> Sorry, but I don't buy this argument as anything other than a
>> justification after the fact.  We're talking about history and
>> motivation here, not the behavior described in the standard.
>
>It is a fair point that I am describing a rational and sensible reason 
>for UB on arithmetic overflow - and I do not know the motivation of the 
>early C language designers, compiler implementers, and authors of the 
>first C standard.

Then there's really nothing more to discuss.  The intent here is
to understand the motivation of those folks.

Early C didn't even have unsigned; Dennis Ritchie's paper for
the History of Programming Languages conference said that it
came around 1977
(https://www.nokia.com/bell-labs/about/dennis-m-ritchie/chist.html;
see the section on "portability"), and in pre-ANSI C, struct
fields of `int` type were effectively unsigned (K&R1,
pp.138,197).  I mentioned the quote from K&R1 about overflow
above, but we see some other hints about signed overflow
becoming negative in other documents.  For instance, K&R2, p 118
gives the example of a hash function followed by the sentence,
"unsigned arithmetic ensures that the hash value is
non-negative."  This does not suggest to me that the authors
thought that the wrapping behavior of twos-complement arithemtic
was "incorrect".

>I do know, however, that the principle of "garbage in, garbage out" was 
>well established long before C was conceived.  And programmers of that 
>time were familiar with the concept of functions and operations being 
>defined for appropriate inputs, and having no defined behaviour for 
>invalid inputs.  C is full of other things where behaviour is left 
>undefined when no sensible correct answer can be specified, and that is 
>not just because the behaviour of different hardware could vary.  It 
>seems perfectly reasonable to me to suppose that signed integer 
>arithmetic overflow is just another case, no different from 
>dereferencing an invalid pointer, dividing by zero, or any one of the 
>other UB's in the standards.

Indeed; this is effectively what I've been saying: signed
integer overflow is UB because the behavior of overflow varied
between the machines of the day, so C could not make assumptions
about what value would result, in part because of representation
issues: at the hardware level, signed overflow of the largest
representable positive integer yields different _values_ between
1s comp and 2s comp machines.  Who is to say which is correct?

>> In particular, C is a programming language for actual machines,
>> not a mathematical notation; the language is free to define the
>> behavior of arithmetic expressions in any way it chooses, though
>> one presumes it would do so in a way that makes sense for the
>> machines that it targets.
>
>Yes, that is true.  It is, however, also important to remember that it 
>was based on a general abstract machine, not any particular hardware, 
>and that the operations were intended to follow standard mathematics as 
>well as practically possible - operations and expressions in C were not 
>designed for any particular hardware.  (Though some design choices were 
>biased by particular hardware.)

This is historically inaccurate.

C was developed by and for the PDP-11 initially, targeting Unix,
building from Martin Richards's BCPL (which Ritchie and Thompson
had used under Multics on the GE-645 machine, and GCOS on the
635) and Ken Thompson's B language, which he had implemented as
a chopped-down BCPL to be a systems programming language for
_very_ early Unix on the PDP-7.  B was typeless, as the PDP-7
was word-oriented, and we see vestages of this ancestral DNA in
C today.  See Ritchie's C history paper for details.

Concerns for protability, leading to the development of the
abstract machine informally described by the C standard, came
much, much later in its evolutionary development.

>> Thus, it could have formalized the
>> result of signed integer overflow to follow 2's complement
>> semantics had the committee so chosen, in which case the result
>> would not be "incorrect", it would be well-defined with respect
>> to the semantics of the language.  Java, for example, does this,
>> as does C11 (and later) atomic integer operations.  Indeed, the
>> C99 rationale document makes frequent reference to twos
>> complement, where overflow and modular behavior are frequently
>> equivalent, being the common case.  But aside from the more
>> recent atomics support, C _chose_ not to do this.
>
>It could have made signed integer overflow defined behaviour, but it did 
>not.  The C standards committee have explicitly chosen not to do that, 
>even after deciding that two's complement is the only supported 
>representation for signed integers in C23 onwards.  It is fine to have 
>two's complement representation, and fine to have modulo arithmetic in 
>some circumstances, while leaving other arithmetic overflow undefined. 
>Unsigned integer operations in C have always been defined as modulo 
>arithmetic - addition of unsigned values is a different operation from 
>addition of signed values.  Having some modulo behaviour does not in any 
>way imply that signed arithmetic should be modulo.
>
>In Java, the language designers decided that integer arithmetic 
>operations would be modulo operations.  Wrapping therefore gives the 
>correct answer for those operations - it does not give the correct 
>answer for mathematical integer operations.  And Java loses common 
>mathematical identities which C retains - such as the identity that 
>adding a positive integer to another integer will increase its value. 
>Something always has to be lost when approximating unbounded 
>mathematical integers in a bounded implementation - I think C made the 
>right choices here about what to keep and what to lose, and Java made 
>the wrong choices.  (Others may of course have different opinions.)
>
>In Zig, unsigned integer arithmetic overflow is also UB as these 
>operations are not defined as modulo.  I think that is a good natural 
>choice too - but it is useful for a language to have a way to do 
>wrapping arithmetic on the occasions you need it.

None of this seems relevant to understanding the motivations of
the members of the committee that produced the 1990 C standard,
other than agreeing that the decision could have been different.

I would add that very early C treated signed and unsigned
arithmetic as more or less equivalent.  It wasn't until they
started porting C to machines other than the PDP-11 that it
started to matter.

>> Also, consider that _unsigned_ arithmetic is defined as having
>> wrap-around semantics similar to modular arithmetic, and thus
>> incapable of overflow.  
>
>Yes.  Unsigned arithmetic operations are different operations from 
>signed arithmetic operations in C.

This is the second time you have mentioned this.  Did I say
something that led you believe that I suggested otherwise, or
am somehow unaware of this fact?

>> But that's simply a fiction invented for
>> the abstract machine described informally in the standard: it
>> requires special handling one machines like the 1100 series,
>> because those machines might trap on overflow.  The C committee
>> could just as well have said that the unsigned arithmetic
>> _could_ overflow and that the result was UB.
>
>They could have done that (as the Zig folk did).

Or the SML folks before the Zig folks.

>> So why did C chose this way?  The only logical reason is that
>> there were machines at the time that where a) integer overflow
>> caused machine exceptions, and b) the representation of signed
>> integers was not well-defined, so that the actual value
>> resulting from overflow could not be rigorously defined.  Given
>> that C90 mandated a binary representation for integers and so
>> the representation of of unsigned integers is basically common,
>> there was no need to do that for unsigned arithmetic.
>
>Not at all.  Usually when someone says "the only logical reason is...", 
>they really mean "the only logical reason /I/ can think of is...", or 
>"the only reason that /I/ can think of that /I/ think is logical is...".

I probably should have said that I'm also drawing from direct
references, as well as hints and inferences from other
historical documents; both editions of K&R as well as early Unix
source code and the "C Reference Manual" from 6th and 7th
Edition Unix (the language described in 7th Ed is quite
different from the language in 6th Ed; most of this was driven
by the a) portability, and b) the need to support
phototypesetters, hence why the C implemented in 7th Ed and PCC
is sometimes called "Typesetter C").  This is complemented with
direct conversations with some of the original players, though
admittedly those were quite a while ago.

>For a language that can be used as a low-level systems language, it is 
>important to be able to do modulo arithmetic efficiently.  It is needed 
>for a number of low-level tasks, including the implementation of large 
>arithmetic operations, handling timers, counters, and other bits and 
>pieces.  So it was definitely a useful thing to have in C.
>
>For a language that can be used as a fast and efficient application 
>language, it must have a reasonable approximation to mathematical 
>integer arithmetic.  Implementations should not be forced to have 
>behaviours beyond the mathematically sensible answers - if a calculation 
>can't be done correctly, there's no point in doing it.  Giving nonsense 
>results does not help anyone - C programmers or toolchain implementers, 
>so the language should not specify any particular result.  More sensible 
>defined overflow behaviour - saturation, error values, language 
>exceptions or traps, etc., would be very inefficient on most hardware. 
>So UB is the best choice - and implementations can do something 
>different if they like.

This is where we differ: you keep asserting notions of
"correctness", without acknowledging that a) correctness differs
in this context, and b) the notion of what is "correct" has
itself differed over time as C has evolved.

Moreover, when you say, "if a calculation can't be done
correctly, there's no point in doing it" that's seems highly
specific and reliant on your definition of correctness.  My

Here's an example:

    char foo = 128;
    int x = foo + 1;
    printf("%d\n", x);

What is printed?  (Note: that's rhetorical)

On the systems I just tested, x86_64, ARM64 and RISCV64, I get
-127 for the first two, and 129 for the last.

Of course, we all know that this relies on implementation
defined behavior around whether `char` is treated as signed or
unsigned (and resultingly conversion from an unsigned constant
to signed), but if what you say were true about GIGO, why is
this not _undefined_ behavior?

>Too many options make a language bigger - harder to implement, harder to 
>learn, harder to use.  So it makes sense to have modulo arithmetic for 
>unsigned types, and normal arithmetic for signed types.
>
>I am not claiming to know that this is the reasoning made by the C 
>language pioneers.  But it is definitely an alternative logical reason 
>for C being the way it is.

But we _can_ see what those pioneers were thinking by reading
the artifacts they left behind, which we know, again based on
primary sources, had an impact on the standards committee.

>>>> And of course, even today, C still targets oddball platforms
>>>> like DSPs and custom chips, where assumptions about the ubiquity
>>>> of 2's comp may not hold.
>>>
>>> Modern C and C++ standards have dropped support for signed integer
>>> representation other than two's complement, because they are not in use
>>> in any modern hardware (including any DSP's) - at least, not for
>>> general-purpose integers.  Both committees have consistently voted to
>>> keep overflow as UB.
>> 
>> Yes.  As I said, performance is often the justification.
>> 
>> I'm not convinced that there are no custom chips and/or DSPs
>> that are not manufactured today.  They may not be common, their
>> mere existence is certainly dumb and offensive, but that does
>> not mean that they don't exist.  Note that the survey in, e.g.,
>> https://www.open-std.org/jtc1/sc22/wg14/www/docs/n2218.htm
>> only mentions _popular_ DSPs, not _all_ DSPs.
>
>I think you might have missed a few words in that paragraph, but I 
>believe I know what you intended.  There are certainly DSPs and other 
>cores that have strong support for alternative overflow behaviour - 
>saturation is very common in DSPs, and it is also common to have a 
>"sticky overflow" flag so that you can do lots of calculations in a 
>tight loop, and check for problems once you are finished.  I think it is 
>highly unlikely that you'll find a core with something other than two's 
>complement as the representation for signed integer types, though I 
>can't claim that I know /all/ devices!  (I do know a bit about more 
>cores than would be considered popular or common.)

I was referring specifically to integer representation here, not
saturating (or other) operations, but sure.

>> Of course, if such machines exist, I will certainly concede that
>> I doubt very much that anyone is targeting them with C code
>> written to a modern standard.
>
>Modern C is definitely used on DSPs with strong saturation support. 
>(Even ARM cores have saturated arithmetic instructions.)  But they can 
>also handle two's complement wrapped signed integer arithmetic if the 
>programmer wants that - after all, it's exactly the same in the hardware 
>as modulo unsigned arithmetic (except for division).  That doesn't mean 
>that wrapping signed integer overflow is useful or desired behaviour.

So again, the context here is understanding the initial
motivation.  I've mentioned reasons why they don't change it now
(there _are_ arguments about correctness, but compiler writers
also argue strongly that making signed integer overflow well
defined would prohibit them from implementing what they consider
to be important optimizations).

	- Dan C.

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#113124 — Re: System calls (was: VAX)

Fromcross@spitfire.i.gajendra.net (Dan Cross)
Date2025-08-13 18:51 +0000
SubjectRe: System calls (was: VAX)
Message-ID<107imr3$jc5$1@reader1.panix.com>
In reply to#113115
In article <MO1nQ.2$Bui1.0@fx10.iad>, Scott Lurndal <slp53@pacbell.net> wrote:
>anton@mips.complang.tuwien.ac.at (Anton Ertl) writes:
>>scott@slp53.sl.home (Scott Lurndal) writes:
>>[snip]
>>errno, but at the actual system call level, the error is indicated in
>>an architecture-specific way, and the ones I have looked at before
>>today use the sign of the result register or the carry flag.  On those
>>architectures, where the sign is used, mmap(2) cannot return negative
>>addresses, or must have a special wrapper.
>
>Why would the wrapper care if the system call failed?  The
>return value from the kernel should be passed through to
>the application as per the POSIX language binding requirements.

For the branch to `cerror`.  That is, the usual reason is (was?)
to convert from the system call interface to the C ABI,
specifically, to populate the (userspace, now thread-local)
`errno` variable if there was an error.  (I know you know this,
Scott, but others reading the discussion may not.)

Looking at the 32v code for VAX and 7th Edition on the PDP-11,
on error the kernel returns a non-zero value and sets the carry
bit in the PSW.  The stub checks whether the C bit is set, and
if so, copies R0 to `errno` and then sets R0 to -1.  On the
PDP-11, `as` supports the non-standard "bec" mnemonic as an
alias for "bcc" and the stub is actually something like:

    / Do sys call....land in the kernel `trap` in m40.s
    bec 1f
    jmp cerror
1f:
    rts pc

cerror:
    mov r0, _errno
    mov $-1, r0
    rts pc

In other words, if the carry bit is not set, there system call
was successful, so just return whatever it returned.  Otherwise,
the kernel is returning an error to the user, so do the dance of
setting up `errno` and returning -1.

(There's some fiddly bits with popping R5, which Unix used as
the frame pointer, but I omitted those for brevity).

>lseek(2) and mmap(2) both require the return of arbitrary 32-bit
>or 64-bit values, including those which when interpreted as signed
>values are negative.

At last for lseek, that was true in the 1990 POSIX standard,
where the programmer was expected to (maybe save and then) clear
`errno`, invoke `lseek`, and then check the value of `errno`
after return to see if there was an error, but has been relaxed
in subsequent editions (include POSIX 2024) where `lseek` now
must return `EINVAL` if the offset is negative for a regular
file, directory, or block-special file.
(https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9799919799/functions/lseek.html;
see "ERRORS")

For mmap, at least the only documented error return value is
`MAP_FAILED`, and programmers must check for that explicitly.

It strikes me that this implies that the _value_ of `MAP_FAILED`
need not be -1; on x86_64, for instance, it _could_ be any
non-canonical address.

>Clearly POSIX defines the interfaces and the underlying OS and/or
>library functions implement the interfaces.   The kernel interface
>to the language library (e.g. libc) is irrelevent to typical programmers,
>except in the case where it doesn't provide the correct semantics.

Certainly, these are hidden by the system call stubs in the
libraries for language-specific bindings, and workaday
programmers should not be trying to side-step those!

	- Dan C.

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#113131 — Re: System calls (was: VAX)

Fromscott@slp53.sl.home (Scott Lurndal)
Date2025-08-13 20:28 +0000
SubjectRe: System calls (was: VAX)
Message-ID<xz6nQ.13916$M2W2.3791@fx06.iad>
In reply to#113124
cross@spitfire.i.gajendra.net (Dan Cross) writes:
>In article <MO1nQ.2$Bui1.0@fx10.iad>, Scott Lurndal <slp53@pacbell.net> wrote:
>>anton@mips.complang.tuwien.ac.at (Anton Ertl) writes:
>>>scott@slp53.sl.home (Scott Lurndal) writes:

>For mmap, at least the only documented error return value is
>`MAP_FAILED`, and programmers must check for that explicitly.
>
>It strikes me that this implies that the _value_ of `MAP_FAILED`
>need not be -1; on x86_64, for instance, it _could_ be any
>non-canonical address.

And in the very unlikely case that a C compiler was developed
for the Burroughs B4900, MAP_FAILED could be 0xC0EEEEEE (which
is how the NULL pointer was encoded in the hardware).  Because
all the data was BCD, undigits (a-f) in an address were
unconditionally illegal.

There were instructions to search linked lists, so the hardware
needed to understand the concept of a NULL pointer (as well
as deal with the possibility of a loop, using a timer while
the search instruction was executing).

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#113128 — Re: VAX

Fromantispam@fricas.org (Waldek Hebisch)
Date2025-08-13 19:35 +0000
SubjectRe: VAX
Message-ID<107ipdb$iqq1$1@paganini.bofh.team>
In reply to#112955
In comp.arch Scott Lurndal <scott@slp53.sl.home> wrote:
> Terje Mathisen <terje.mathisen@tmsw.no> writes:
>>Stephen Fuld wrote:
>>> On 8/4/2025 8:32 AM, John Ames wrote:
>>>=20
>>> snip
>>>=20
>>>> This notion that the only advantage of a 64-bit architecture is a larg=
>>e
>>>> address space is very curious to me. Obviously that's *one* advantage,=
>>
>>>> but while I don't know the in-the-field history of heavy-duty business=
>>/
>>>> scientific computing the way some folks here do, I have not gotten the=
>>
>>>> impression that a lot of customers were commonly running up against th=
>>e
>>>> 4 GB limit in the early '90s;
>>>=20
>>> Not exactly the same, but I recall an issue with Windows NT where it=20
>>> initially divided the 4GB address space in 2 GB for the OS, and 2GB for=
>>=20
>>> users.=C2=A0 Some users were "running out of address space", so Microso=
>>ft=20
>>> came up with an option to reduce the OS space to 1 GB, thus allowing up=
>>=20
>>> to 3 GB for users.=C2=A0 I am sure others here will know more details.
>>
>>Any program written to Microsoft/Windows spec would work transparently=20
>>with a 3:1 split, the problem was all the programs ported from unix=20
>>which assumed that any negative return value was a failure code.
> 
> The only interfaces that I recall this being an issue for were
> mmap(2) and lseek(2).   The latter was really related to maximum
> file size (although it applied to /dev/[k]mem and /proc/<pid>/mem
> as well).  The former was handled by the standard specifying
> MAP_FAILED as the return value.
> 
> That said, Unix generally defined -1 as the return value for all
> other system calls, and code that checked for "< 0" instead of
> -1 when calling a standard library function or system call was fundamentally
> broken.

I remeber RIM.  When I compiled it on Linux and tried it I got error
due to check for "< 0".  Change to '== -1" fixed it.  Possibly there
were similar troubles in other programs that I do not remember.

-- 
                              Waldek Hebisch

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#112975 — Re: VAX

FromLawrence D'Oliveiro <ldo@nz.invalid>
Date2025-08-06 00:49 +0000
SubjectRe: VAX
Message-ID<106u8qh$336o5$1@dont-email.me>
In reply to#112953
On Tue, 5 Aug 2025 17:24:34 +0200, Terje Mathisen wrote:

> ... the problem was all the programs ported from unix which assumed
> that any negative return value was a failure code.

If the POSIX API spec says a negative return for a particular call is an 
error, then a negative return for that particular call is an error.

I can’t imagine this kind of thing blithely being carried over to any non-
POSIX API calls.

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#112993 — Re: VAX

Fromscott@slp53.sl.home (Scott Lurndal)
Date2025-08-06 13:48 +0000
SubjectRe: VAX
Message-ID<B2JkQ.60291$7z3.26195@fx09.iad>
In reply to#112975
Lawrence D'Oliveiro <ldo@nz.invalid> writes:
>On Tue, 5 Aug 2025 17:24:34 +0200, Terje Mathisen wrote:
>
>> ... the problem was all the programs ported from unix which assumed
>> that any negative return value was a failure code.
>
>If the POSIX API spec says a negative return for a particular call is an 
>error, then a negative return for that particular call is an error.

Please find a single POSIX API that says a negative return is an error.

You won't have much success.   POSIX explicitly states in most
cases that the API returns -1 on error (mmap returns MAP_FAILED,
which happens to be -1 on most implementations; regardless a
POSIX application _must_ check for MAP_FAILED, not a negative
return value).

More misinformation from LDO.

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#112921 — Re: VAX

Fromantispam@fricas.org (Waldek Hebisch)
Date2025-08-04 23:24 +0000
SubjectRe: VAX
Message-ID<106rfet$1tua1$1@paganini.bofh.team>
In reply to#112875
In comp.arch John Ames <commodorejohn@gmail.com> wrote:
> On Sat, 02 Aug 2025 23:10:56 -0400
> Stefan Monnier <monnier@iro.umontreal.ca> wrote:
> 
>> > And what a waste of a 64-bit architecture, to run it in 32-bit-only
>> > mode ...  
>> 
>> What do you mean by that?  IIUC, the difference between 32bit and
>> 64bit (in terms of cost of designing and producing the CPU) was very
>> small. MIPS happily designed their R4000 as 64bit while knowing that
>> most of them would never get a chance to execute an instruction that
>> makes use of the upper 32bits.
> 
> This notion that the only advantage of a 64-bit architecture is a large
> address space is very curious to me. Obviously that's *one* advantage,
> but while I don't know the in-the-field history of heavy-duty business/
> scientific computing the way some folks here do, I have not gotten the
> impression that a lot of customers were commonly running up against the
> 4 GB limit in the early '90s; meanwhile, the *other* advantage - higher
> performance for the same MIPS on a variety of compute-bound tasks - is
> being overlooked entirely, it seems.

Well, as log as an app fits into 32-bit address space, all other
factors being equal one can expect 10-20% better performance
from 32-bit addresses.  Due to this customers had motivation
to stay with 32-bits as log as possible.

But matter is somewhat different for OS vendor: once machine
gets more than 1GB memory 64-bit addressing in the kernel avoids
various troubles.

Concerning applications: server with multiple process sharing
memory use may operate with several gigabytes using 32-bit
addresses for applications.

But for numeric work 512 MB of real memory and more than 3 GB
virtual (with swapping to disc) may give adequate performance.
But it is quite inconvenient for 32-bit OS to provide more than
3 GB of address space to applications.

Also heaviliy multithread application with some threads needing
large stacks is inconvenient in 32-bit address space.

Of course software developers wanting to develop for 64-bit
systems need 64-bit system interfaces.

So, supporting 32-bit applications is natural and one could expect
for some (possibly quite long) time that 32-bit applications
will be majority.  But supporting 64-bit operation was also
important, both for customers and for OS itself.

BTW: AMD-64 was a special case: since 64-bit mode was bundled
with increasing number of GPR-s, with PC-relative addressing
and with register-based call convention on average 64-bit
code was faster than 32-bit code.  And since AMD-64 was
relatively late in 64-bit game there was limited motivation
to develop mode using 32-bit addressing and 64-bit instructions.
It works in compilers and in Linux, but support is much worse
than for using 64-bit addressing.

-- 
                              Waldek Hebisch

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#112930 — Re: VAX

FromLawrence D'Oliveiro <ldo@nz.invalid>
Date2025-08-05 01:41 +0000
SubjectRe: VAX
Message-ID<106rnfq$2g4u3$4@dont-email.me>
In reply to#112921
On Mon, 4 Aug 2025 23:24:15 -0000 (UTC), Waldek Hebisch wrote:

> BTW: AMD-64 was a special case: since 64-bit mode was bundled with
> increasing number of GPR-s, with PC-relative addressing and with
> register-based call convention on average 64-bit code was faster than
> 32-bit code.  And since AMD-64 was relatively late in 64-bit game there
> was limited motivation to develop mode using 32-bit addressing and
> 64-bit instructions. It works in compilers and in Linux, but support is
> much worse than for using 64-bit addressing.

Intel was trying to promote this in the form of the “X32” ABI. The Linux 
kernel and some distros did include support for this. I don’t think it was 
very popular, and it may be extinct now.

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#112945 — Re: VAX

Fromvallor <vallor@cultnix.org>
Date2025-08-05 05:56 +0000
SubjectRe: VAX
Message-ID<106s6et$2gmuq$1@dont-email.me>
In reply to#112930
On Tue, 5 Aug 2025 01:41:15 -0000 (UTC), Lawrence D'Oliveiro wrote:

> On Mon, 4 Aug 2025 23:24:15 -0000 (UTC), Waldek Hebisch wrote:
> 
>> BTW: AMD-64 was a special case: since 64-bit mode was bundled with
>> increasing number of GPR-s, with PC-relative addressing and with
>> register-based call convention on average 64-bit code was faster than
>> 32-bit code.  And since AMD-64 was relatively late in 64-bit game there
>> was limited motivation to develop mode using 32-bit addressing and
>> 64-bit instructions. It works in compilers and in Linux, but support is
>> much worse than for using 64-bit addressing.
> 
> Intel was trying to promote this in the form of the “X32” ABI. The Linux 
> kernel and some distros did include support for this. I don’t think it was 
> very popular, and it may be extinct now.

It's still in the Linux kernel, but off by default.

arch/x86/Kconfig

I went to an O'Reilly "Foo Camp" where AMD was showing off their
new 64-bit processor.  Found it fascinating, if a little over my
head.  But I did gather that the instruction set made sense for transitioning
from 32-bit software, and I think Intel missed the boat with their IA-64.

(And I have memories of when Intel started making "EM64T" processors...)

-- 
-Scott System76 Thelio Mega v1.1 x86_64 NVIDIA RTX 3090Ti 24G
   OS: Linux 6.16.0 D: Mint 22.1 DE: Xfce 4.18 
   NVIDIA: 575.64.05 Mem: 258G
   "Excuse me for butting in, but I'm interrupt-driven."

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#112927 — Re: VAX

FromLawrence D'Oliveiro <ldo@nz.invalid>
Date2025-08-05 01:34 +0000
SubjectRe: VAX
Message-ID<106rn28$2g4u3$1@dont-email.me>
In reply to#112875
On Mon, 4 Aug 2025 08:32:19 -0700, John Ames wrote:

> This notion that the only advantage of a 64-bit architecture is a large
> address space is very curious to me.

That is basically it.

> Obviously that's *one* advantage, but while I don't know the
> in-the-field history of heavy-duty business/ scientific computing
> the way some folks here do, I have not gotten the impression that a
> lot of customers were commonly running up against the 4 GB limit in
> the early '90s ...

By the latter 1990s, as GPUs became popular in the consumer market, the 
amount of VRAM on them kept growing, and taking up more and more 
significant chunks of a 32-bit address space. So that was one of the 
drivers towards 64-bit addressing.

> ... meanwhile, the *other* advantage - higher performance for the
> same MIPS on a variety of compute-bound tasks - is being overlooked
> entirely, it seems.

I don’t think there is one. A lot of computation involves floating point, 
and the floating-point formats mostly remain the same ones defined by 
IEEE-754 back in the 1980s.

In the x86 world, there is the performance boost in the switch from the 
old register-poor 32-bit 80386 instruction set to the larger register pool 
available in AMD’s 64-bit extensions.

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#112818 — Re: VAX

FromPeter Flass <Peter@Iron-Spring.com>
Date2025-08-01 20:06 -0700
SubjectRe: VAX
Message-ID<106jvc3$qan0$1@dont-email.me>
In reply to#112807
On 8/1/25 11:11, Scott Lurndal wrote:
> anton@mips.complang.tuwien.ac.at (Anton Ertl) writes:
>> Lars Poulsen <lars@cleo.beagle-ears.com> writes:
>>> In the days of VAX-11/780, it was "obvious" that operating systems would
>>> be written in assembler in order to be efficient, and the instruction
>>> set allowed high productivity for writing systems programs in "native"
>>> code.
>>
>> Yes.  I don't think that the productivity would have suffered from a
>> load/store architecture, though.
>>
>>> As for a RISC-VAX: To little old naive me, it seems that it would have
>>> been possible to create an alternative microcode load that would be able
>>> to support a RISC ISA on the same hardware, if the idea had occured to a
>>> well-connected group of graduate students. How good a RISC might have
>>> been feasible?
>>
>> Did the VAX 11/780 have writable microcode?
> 
> Yes.
> 
>>
>> Given that the VAX 11/780 was not (much) pipelined, I don't expect
>> that using an alternative microcode that implements a RISC ISA would
>> have performed well.
> 
> A new ISA also requires development of the complete software
> infrastructure for building applications (compilers, linkers,
> assemblers);  updating the OS, rebuilding existing applications
> for the new ISA, field and customer training, etc.
> 
> Digital eventually did move VMS to Alpha, but it was neither
> cheap, nor easy.  Most alpha customers were existing VAX
> customers - it's not clear that DEC actually grew the customer
> base by switching to Alpha.
> 

Wasn't PRISM/MICA supposed to solve this problem, or am I confusing it 
with something else?

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#112821 — Re: VAX

FromLawrence D'Oliveiro <ldo@nz.invalid>
Date2025-08-02 03:37 +0000
SubjectRe: VAX
Message-ID<106k15u$qgip$6@dont-email.me>
In reply to#112818
On Fri, 1 Aug 2025 20:06:43 -0700, Peter Flass wrote:

> Wasn't PRISM/MICA supposed to solve this problem, or am I confusing it
> with something else?

PRISM was going to be a new hardware architecture, and MICA the OS to run 
on it. Yes, they were supposed to solve the problem of where DEC was going 
to go since the VAX architecture was clearly being left in the dust by 
RISC.

I think the MICA kernel was going to support the concept of 
“personalities”, so that a VMS-compatible environment could be implemented 
by one set of upper layers, while another set could provide Unix 
functionality.

I think the project was taking too long, and not making enough progress. 
So DEC management cancelled the whole thing, and brought out a MIPS-based 
machine instead.

The guy in charge got annoyed at the killing of his pet project and left 
in a huff. He took some of those ideas with him to his new employer, to 
create a new OS for them.

The new employer was Microsoft. The guy in question was Dave Cutler. The 
OS they brought out was called “Windows NT”.

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#112822 — Re: VAX

Fromted@loft.tnolan.com (Ted Nolan <tednolan>)
Date2025-08-02 04:14 +0000
SubjectRe: VAX
Message-ID<mf5hlnF38ueU1@mid.individual.net>
In reply to#112821
In article <106k15u$qgip$6@dont-email.me>,
Lawrence D'Oliveiro  <ldo@nz.invalid> wrote:
>On Fri, 1 Aug 2025 20:06:43 -0700, Peter Flass wrote:
>
>> Wasn't PRISM/MICA supposed to solve this problem, or am I confusing it
>> with something else?
>
>PRISM was going to be a new hardware architecture, and MICA the OS to run 
>on it. Yes, they were supposed to solve the problem of where DEC was going 
>to go since the VAX architecture was clearly being left in the dust by 
>RISC.
>
>I think the MICA kernel was going to support the concept of 
>“personalities”, so that a VMS-compatible environment could be implemented 
>by one set of upper layers, while another set could provide Unix 
>functionality.
>
>I think the project was taking too long, and not making enough progress. 
>So DEC management cancelled the whole thing, and brought out a MIPS-based 
>machine instead.
>
>The guy in charge got annoyed at the killing of his pet project and left 
>in a huff. He took some of those ideas with him to his new employer, to 
>create a new OS for them.
>
>The new employer was Microsoft. The guy in question was Dave Cutler. The 
>OS they brought out was called “Windows NT”.

And it's *still* not finished!
-- 
columbiaclosings.com
What's not in Columbia anymore..

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