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From: Tim Rentsch
Newsgroups: comp.lang.c
Subject: Re: Microcontroller software stacks
Date: Sat, 15 Aug 2026 16:16:38 -0700
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scott@slp53.sl.home (Scott Lurndal) writes:
> Tim Rentsch writes:
>
>> scott@slp53.sl.home (Scott Lurndal) writes:
>>
>>> Tim Rentsch writes:
>>>
>>>> scott@slp53.sl.home (Scott Lurndal) writes:
>>>>
>>>>> One might also define data structures for control and status
>>>>> registers using bitfield structs.
>>>>
>>>> Yeah. This kind of application (among others) I consider one of
>>>> the motivating forces behind bitfields.
>>>>
>>>> [Some whitespace trimming done in the excerpt below.]
>>>>
>>>>> e.g. for the SATA UAHC_GLB_OOBR register:
>>>>>
>>>>> union UAHC_GBL_OOBR {
>>>>> uint32_t u;
>>>>> struct UAHC_GBL_OOBR_s {
>>>>> #if __BYTE_ORDER == __BIG_ENDIAN
>>>>> uint32_t we : 1; /**< R/W/H - Write enable. */
>>>>> uint32_t cwmin : 7; /**< R/W/H - COMWAKE minimum value [...] */
>>>>> uint32_t cwmax : 8; /**< R/W/H - COMWAKE maximum value [...] */
>>>>> uint32_t cimin : 8; /**< R/W/H - COMINIT minimum value [...] */
>>>>> uint32_t cimax : 8; /**< R/W/H - COMINIT maximum value [...] */
>>>>> #else
>>>>> uint32_t cimax : 8;
>>>>> uint32_t cimin : 8;
>>>>> uint32_t cwmax : 8;
>>>>> uint32_t cwmin : 7;
>>>>> uint32_t we : 1;
>>>>> #endif
>>>>> } s;
>>>>> };
>>>>
>>>> To me it seems kind of goofy to use uint32_t for the bitfields type.
>>>> I would just use unsigned, which is just as sure to work as intended,
>>>> isn't it?
>>>
>>> The SATA hardware register is defined as a 32-bit register in the
>>> SATA specification. Therefore we explicitly declare it as such.
>>
>> I understand the motivation for using uint32_t for the union member
>> u. My question is only about the type used for the bitfields. Do
>> you know of any platform, or even suspect that there might be a
>> platform, where using 'unsigned' rather than 'uint32_t' for the type
>> of the bitfields makes any difference at all?
>
> I haven't canvassed all the available platforms, and don't have
> any desire so to do. In my opinion, using the same type for the
> bitfield members as was used for the corresponding union
> element is simply logical. If we declare the integer part
> of the union as uint64_t, we use the same time for the
> bitfields (and yes, we could have used unsigned long
> (or unsigned long long on the micky OS) - uint64_t
> is less typing.
To me it seems more logical to use the smallest basic type that
suffices for the width of the associated bit-field, assuming
the compiler allows it, or 'unsigned' for compilers that don't
provide those extensions.