Path: csiph.com!eternal-september.org!feeder.eternal-september.org!nntp.eternal-september.org!.POSTED!not-for-mail From: Lynn Wheeler Newsgroups: alt.folklore.computers Subject: Re: Usenet history Date: Tue, 22 Sep 2026 13:15:31 -1000 Organization: Wheeler&Wheeler Lines: 54 Message-ID: <87mrt8ubcc.fsf@localhost> References: <1157pqq$1n17h$1@dont-email.me> <115cs6r$1q2i3$2@news.xmission.com> <115d6o3$3cino$1@dont-email.me> <115itvo$24gjn$1@news.xmission.com> <115jvq6$1f7ih$1@dont-email.me> <87h5k3je1i.fsf@debian> <117j7dh$26aet$1@dont-email.me> <87cxuqjwup.fsf_-_@debian> <117ka81$2j1fl$1@dont-email.me> <118qtm3$3p81v$3@dont-email.me> <118rbe2$tq$2@dont-email.me> <3d5f3ac1-d583-4b5f-fc1f-6f11199ef85c@gerriscorp.com> <118sio3$eupe$1@dont-email.me> <87ecel5hqh.fsf@localhost> MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain Injection-Date: Tue, 22 Sep 2026 23:15:34 +0000 (UTC) Injection-Info: dont-email.me; logging-data="1355084"; mail-complaints-to="abuse@eternal-september.org"; posting-account="U2FsdGVkX1/d+Iih+F98mMQT4KVs1rGSHzMK2rE8rW8="; posting-host="d150bc4b7b612b6dcec471c06d1dbee5" User-Agent: Gnus/5.13 (Gnus v5.13) Cancel-Lock: sha1:xa09IrEMXPyWk+Qel5IqsobFnpE= sha1:DGugaokKqhcjo3w5Xhh79KeY2qI= sha256:xIhZf6Bm2MQdhFqpQJpuK+zGNhY1z5P+5AwZ2XISYKg= sha1:Uc49xnD7dT98U7PopKjSWtys4vc= sha256:rO7WxQhokja3Ki8SatQaTThKSlOyQjaMapuRnf1bXr8= Xref: csiph.com alt.folklore.computers:235689 Lynn Wheeler writes: > Aug1976, TYMSHARE > https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tymshare > start offering their VM370/CMS-based computer conferencing system free > to the IBM mainframe users group, SHARE > https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SHARE_(computing) > > archives here: > http://vm.marist.edu/~vmshare TYMSHARE beginnings: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tymshare#Beginnings Other TYMSHARE: Ann Hardy https://medium.com/chmcore/someone-elses-computer-the-prehistory-of-cloud-computing-bca25645f89 Ann Hardy is a crucial figure in the story of Tymshare and time-sharing. She began programming in the 1950s, developing software for the IBM Stretch supercomputer. Frustrated at the lack of opportunity and pay inequality for women at IBM -- at one point she discovered she was paid less than half of what the lowest-paid man reporting to her was paid -- Hardy left to study at the University of California, Berkeley, and then joined the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory in 1962. At the lab, one of her projects involved an early and surprisingly successful time-sharing operating system. Ann Hardy at Computer History Museum https://www.computerhistory.org/collections/catalog/102717167 Ann rose up to become Vice President of the Integrated Systems Division at Tymshare, from 1976 to 1984, which did online airline reservations, home banking, and other applications. When Tymshare was acquired by McDonnell-Douglas in 1984, Ann's position as a female VP became untenable, and was eased out of the company by being encouraged to spin out Gnosis, a secure, capabilities-based operating system developed at Tymshare. Ann founded Key Logic, with funding from Gene Amdahl, which produced KeyKOS, based on Gnosis, for IBM and Amdahl mainframes. After closing Key Logic, Ann became a consultant, leading to her cofounding Agorics with members of Ted Nelson's Xanadu project ... snip ... ... trivia: 1984, I was brought in to do the evaluation of Gnosis as part of the spin-off GNOSIS: A Prototype Operating System for the 1990's http://cap-lore.com/CapTheory/upenn/Gnosis/Gnosis.html -- virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970