Path: csiph.com!3.us.feeder.erje.net!feeder.erje.net!news.linkpendium.com!news.linkpendium.com!panix!usenet.stanford.edu!not-for-mail From: Chet Ramey Newsgroups: gnu.bash.bug Subject: Re: Arithmetic evaluation of negative numbers with base prefix Date: Fri, 14 Jun 2019 11:37:51 -0400 Lines: 22 Approved: bug-bash@gnu.org Message-ID: References: <20190614141947.GB27242@tower> Reply-To: chet.ramey@case.edu NNTP-Posting-Host: lists.gnu.org Mime-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=utf-8 Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit X-Trace: usenet.stanford.edu 1560526726 30045 209.51.188.17 (14 Jun 2019 15:38:46 GMT) X-Complaints-To: action@cs.stanford.edu Cc: chet.ramey@case.edu To: Jeremy Townshend , bug-bash@gnu.org, bash@packages.debian.org Envelope-to: bug-bash@gnu.org Openpgp: preference=signencrypt Autocrypt: addr=chet.ramey@case.edu; prefer-encrypt=mutual; keydata= xsDiBEEOsGwRBACFa0A1oa71HSZLWxAx0svXzhOZNQZOzqHmSuGOG92jIpQpr8DpvgRh40Yp AwdcXb8QG1J5yGAKeevNE1zCFaA725vGSdHUyypHouV0xoWwukYO6qlyyX+2BZU+okBUqoWQ koWxiYaCSfzB2Ln7pmdys1fJhcgBKf3VjWCjd2XJTwCgoFJOwyBFJdugjfwjSoRSwDOIMf0D /iQKqlWhIO1LGpMrGX0il0/x4zj0NAcSwAk7LaPZbN4UPjn5pqGEHBlf1+xDDQCkAoZ/VqES GZragl4VqJfxBr29Ag0UDvNbUbXoxQsARdero1M8GiAIRc50hj7HXFoERwenbNDJL86GPLAQ OTGOCa4W2o29nFfFjQrsrrYHzVtyA/9oyKvTeEMJ7NA3VJdWcmn7gOu0FxEmSNhSoV1T4vP2 1Wf7f5niCCRKQLNyUy0wEApQi4tSysdz+AbgAc0b/bHYVzIf2uO2lIEZQNNt+3g2bmXgloWm W5fsm/di50Gm1l1Na63d3RZ00SeFQos6WEwLUHEB0yp6KXluXLLIZitEJM0gQ2hldCBSYW1l eSA8Y2hldC5yYW1leUBjYXNlLmVkdT7CYQQTEQIAIQIbAwYLCQgHAwIDFQIDAxYCAQIeAQIX gAUCRX3FIgIZAQAKCRC7WGnwZOp0q069AKCNDRn+zzN/AHbaynls/Lvq1kH/RQCgkLvF8bDs maUHSxSIPqzlGuKWDxbOwE0EQQ6wbxAEAJCukwDigRDPhAuI+lf+6P64lWanIFOXIndqhvU1 3cDbQ/Wt5LwPzm2QTvd7F+fcHOgZ8KOFScbDpjJaRqwIybMTcIN0B2pBLX/C10W1aY+cUrXZ gXUGVISEMmpaP9v02auToo7XXVEHC+XLO9IU7/xaU98FL69l6/K4xeNSBRM/AAMHA/wNAmRB pcyK0+VggZ5esQaIP/LyolAm2qwcmrd3dZi+g24s7yjV0EUwvRP7xHRDQFgkAo6++QbuecU/ J90lxrVnQwucZmfz9zgWDkT/MpfB/CNRSKLFjhYq2yHmHWT6vEjw9Ry/hF6Pc0oh1a62USdf aKAiim0nVxxQmPmiRvtCmcJJBBgRAgAJBQJBDrBvAhsMAAoJELtYafBk6nSr43AAn2ZZFQg8 Gs/zUzvXMt7evaFqVTzcAJ0cHtKpP1i/4H4R9+OsYeQdxxWxTQ== User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (Macintosh; Intel Mac OS X 10.14; rv:60.0) Gecko/20100101 Thunderbird/60.7.0 In-Reply-To: <20190614141947.GB27242@tower> Content-Language: en-US X-Junkmail-Status: score=8/90, host=mpv3-2015.case.edu X-Junkmail-PrAS-Raw: score=8/90, refid=2.7.2:2019.6.14.144516:17:8.129, ip=, rules=__HAS_REPLYTO, __HAS_CC_HDR, __SUBJ_REPLY, __BOUNCE_CHALLENGE_SUBJ, __BOUNCE_NDR_SUBJ_EXEMPT, __SUBJ_ALPHA_END, __TO_MALFORMED_2, __TO_NAME, __TO_NAME_DIFF_FROM_ACC, __HAS_REFERENCES, __REFERENCES, __HAS_FROM, FROM_EDU_TLD, __HAS_MSGID, __SANE_MSGID, DATE_TZ_NA, __USER_AGENT, __MOZILLA_USER_AGENT, __MIME_VERSION, __IN_REP_TO, __CT, __CT_TEXT_PLAIN, __CTE, __REPLYTO_SAMEAS_FROM_ADDY, __REPLYTO_SAMEAS_FROM_ACC, __FROM_DOMAIN_IN_ANY_CC1, __FROM_DOMAIN_IN_ANY_CC2, __REPLYTO_SAMEAS_FROM_DOMAIN, __ANY_URI, __URI_WITH_PATH, __URI_NO_WWW, __CP_URI_IN_BODY, __FRAUD_MONEY_CURRENCY_DOLLAR, __SUBJ_ALPHA_NEGATE, SUPERLONG_LINE, __URI_IN_BODY, __URI_NOT_IMG, __FORWARDED_MSG, __NO_HTML_TAG_RAW, BODYTEXTP_SIZE_3000_LESS, BODY_SIZE_1400_1499, __MIME_TEXT_P1, __MIME_TEXT_ONLY, __URI_NS, HTML_00_01, HTML_00_10, __FRAUD_MONEY_CURRENCY, BODY_SIZE_5000_LESS, IN_REP_TO, [TRUNCATED], so=2010-03-03 19:42:08, dmn=2016-08-03-0138 X-detected-operating-system: by eggs.gnu.org: GNU/Linux 2.4.x-2.6.x [generic] X-Received-From: 129.22.103.194 X-BeenThere: bug-bash@gnu.org X-Mailman-Version: 2.1.23 Precedence: list List-Id: Bug reports for the GNU Bourne Again SHell List-Unsubscribe: , List-Archive: List-Post: List-Help: List-Subscribe: , X-Mailman-Original-Message-ID: X-Mailman-Original-References: <20190614141947.GB27242@tower> Xref: csiph.com gnu.bash.bug:15049 On 6/14/19 10:19 AM, Jeremy Townshend wrote: > Bash Version: 4.4 > Patch Level: 19 > Release Status: release > > Description: > Unexpected and undocumented behaviour for arithmetic evaluation of negative numbers when prefixed with the optional "base#" (e.g. 10#${i}). The base prefix may be needed if the variable has a decimal integer value but might be zero-padded, otherwise it is at risk of being misinterpreted as an octal. Where the variable holds a negative value, results are as you would expect (e.g. i=-1; echo $((10#${i})), returns -1) until you subtract (or unary minus) the variable. This unexpected behaviour occurs even when numbers are used directly (as in the first part of the Repeat-By section to simplify) but in real world examples the number would be hidden in a variable requiring the optional "base#" prefix to ensure correct interpretation of its value. I think the issue is that unary minus is an operator, not part of an integer constant. That affects how expressions are parsed. Couple that with the shell's arithmetic evaluator being helpful and treating 10# as identical to 10#0, you can see how the results you mark as `unexpected' are straightforward results of operator parsing. -- ``The lyf so short, the craft so long to lerne.'' - Chaucer ``Ars longa, vita brevis'' - Hippocrates Chet Ramey, UTech, CWRU chet@case.edu http://tiswww.cwru.edu/~chet/