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From: Kalle Olavi Niemitalo <kon@iki.fi>
Newsgroups: gnu.bash.bug
Subject: printf '\uFEFF' outputs invalid UTF-8 on Windows
Date: Mon, 05 Nov 2018 19:09:06 +0200
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Configuration Information [Automatically generated, do not change]:
Machine: x86_64
OS: msys
Compiler: gcc
Compilation CFLAGS:  -DPROGRAM='bash.exe' -DCONF_HOSTTYPE='x86_64' 
-DCONF_OSTYPE='msys' -DCONF_MACHTYPE='x86_64-pc-msys' -DCONF_VENDOR='pc' 
-DLOCALEDIR='/usr/share/locale' -DPACKAGE='bash' -DSHELL -DHAVE_CONFIG_H 
-DRECYCLES_PIDS   -I.  -I. -I./include -I./lib  -DWORDEXP_OPTION 
-Wno-discarded-qualifiers -march=x86-64 -mtune=generic -O2 -pipe 
-Wno-parentheses -Wno-format-security -D_STATIC_BUILD -g
uname output: MINGW64_NT-6.1 fjkallen 2.10.0(0.325/5/3) 2018-07-25 13:06 
x86_64 Msys
Machine Type: x86_64-pc-msys

Bash Version: 4.4
Patch Level: 19
Release Status: release

Description:
        The builtin printf '\uFEFF' outputs ED 9F BF ED BB BF in a
        UTF-8 locale on Microsoft Windows, where sizeof(wchar_t) == 2.
        It should output EF BB BF, like printf (GNU coreutils) 8.30
        does.

        The incorrect output ED 9F BF ED BB BF is a UTF-8-like encoding
        of U+D7FF U+DEFF, which looks somewhat like a UTF-16 surrogate
        pair but the U+D7FF character is not in the surrogate range.

Repeat-By:
        Install Git for Windows 2.19.1, on Windows 7 SP1.
        Start "Git Bash" from the Start menu.
        Run the command:
          env --ignore-environment LANG=en_US.UTF-8 \
          /usr/bin/bash --noprofile -c 'builtin printf "\ufeff"' \
          | od -t x1

Fix:
        In lib/sh/unicode.c, change u32toutf16 to treat characters in the
        U+E000...U+FFFF range just like the U+0000...U+D7FF range, i.e.
        copy them unchanged to the output and not make a surrogate pair.
        I did not test that change but the function clearly has a bug and
        it matches the symptoms perfectly.