Path: csiph.com!usenet.pasdenom.info!aioe.org!news.stack.nl!newsfeed.xs4all.nl!newsfeed1.news.xs4all.nl!xs4all!post.news.xs4all.nl!not-for-mail Return-Path: X-Original-To: python-list@python.org Delivered-To: python-list@mail.python.org X-Spam-Status: OK 0.035 X-Spam-Evidence: '*H*': 0.93; '*S*': 0.00; 'received:80.91': 0.09; 'received:80.91.229': 0.09; 'received:gmane.org': 0.09; 'received:list': 0.09; 'subject:question': 0.10; 'received:80.91.229.3': 0.16; 'received:dip0.t-ipconnect.de': 0.16; 'received:plane.gmane.org': 0.16; 'received:t-ipconnect.de': 0.16; 'subject:class': 0.16; 'wrote:': 0.18; 'header:User- Agent:1': 0.23; 'url:dev': 0.24; 'mention': 0.26; 'header:X -Complaints-To:1': 0.27; "doesn't": 0.30; 'class': 0.32; 'url:python': 0.33; 'third': 0.33; "i'd": 0.34; 'but': 0.35; 'subject:regarding': 0.36; 'url:org': 0.36; 'sometimes': 0.38; 'to:addr:python-list': 0.38; 'rather': 0.38; 'to:addr:python.org': 0.39; 'received:org': 0.40; 'how': 0.40; 'guarantee': 0.63; 'such': 0.63; 'here': 0.66; 'experience.': 0.67; 'overall': 0.69; 'wheel': 0.84; 'technique': 0.93 X-Injected-Via-Gmane: http://gmane.org/ To: python-list@python.org From: Peter Otten <__peter__@web.de> Subject: Re: Newbie: question regarding references and class relationships Date: Mon, 10 Jun 2013 17:05:32 +0200 Organization: None References: Mime-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset="ISO-8859-1" Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7Bit X-Gmane-NNTP-Posting-Host: p508489f5.dip0.t-ipconnect.de User-Agent: KNode/4.7.3 X-BeenThere: python-list@python.org X-Mailman-Version: 2.1.15 Precedence: list List-Id: General discussion list for the Python programming language List-Unsubscribe: , List-Archive: List-Post: List-Help: List-Subscribe: , Newsgroups: comp.lang.python Message-ID: Lines: 13 NNTP-Posting-Host: 2001:888:2000:d::a6 X-Trace: 1370876729 news.xs4all.nl 15897 [2001:888:2000:d::a6]:44556 X-Complaints-To: abuse@xs4all.nl Xref: csiph.com comp.lang.python:47568 Rui Maciel wrote: > How do you guarantee that any object of a class has a specific set of > attributes? You don't. Such a guarantee is like the third wheel on a bike -- it doesn't improve the overall experience. PS: I'd rather not mention the memory-saving technique that is sometimes abused, but here goes: