Path: csiph.com!usenet.pasdenom.info!weretis.net!feeder1.news.weretis.net!feeder.erje.net!1.eu.feeder.erje.net!newsfeed.xs4all.nl!newsfeed4a.news.xs4all.nl!xs4all!post.news.xs4all.nl!not-for-mail Return-Path: X-Original-To: python-list@python.org Delivered-To: python-list@mail.python.org X-Spam-Status: OK 0.088 X-Spam-Evidence: '*H*': 0.83; '*S*': 0.00; 'cc:addr:python-list': 0.10; 'size,': 0.13; 'arbitrarily': 0.16; 'close",': 0.16; 'from:addr:rosuav': 0.16; 'from:name:chris angelico': 0.16; 'subject:random': 0.16; 'wrote:': 0.16; 'cc:2**0': 0.21; 'cc:addr:python.org': 0.21; 'am,': 0.23; '2015': 0.23; 'header:In- Reply-To:1': 0.24; 'mon,': 0.24; 'least': 0.27; 'message- id:@mail.gmail.com': 0.28; 'accidentally': 0.29; 'unlikely': 0.29; 'guess': 0.29; 'e.g.': 0.31; 'gets': 0.32; 'case,': 0.34; 'file': 0.34; 'received:google.com': 0.34; 'could': 0.35; 'represent': 0.35; 'but': 0.36; 'two': 0.37; 'subject:: ': 0.37; 'files': 0.38; 'mean': 0.38; 'expect': 0.39; 'unable': 0.39; 'close': 0.61; 'of:': 0.66; 'trial': 0.81; 'chrisa': 0.84; 'subject:Testing': 0.84; 'universe': 0.84; 'to:none': 0.90; 'heat': 0.91 DKIM-Signature: v=1; a=rsa-sha256; c=relaxed/relaxed; d=gmail.com; s=20120113; h=mime-version:in-reply-to:references:date:message-id:subject:from:cc :content-type; bh=E9qP14lLqqbmcIxqSsAr2sHdWqaz9Z6NnERpw69gzok=; b=u9La8xVa8cJKfKusvR0e/rnTPjzYCky0sNx2IIlAR+wV0nECXubB2ko4OuJG9O8BvV IX3YijRijTVQ1oXm5bcyZOky3W0oWmW0E1R3eXwzzEWb+8mcM+qI6jyWhjT4OS9UiCPF /GVPjleGFhJPPBaDdO8pyorhzRW0d8q5tEP14FkQe+x8V5wQPGtrKqJmDGGCl6WDi5yh PTtw9n06SmOsXtlKn33s/z99lVlJYWaLCLy4kVCesKWlhuXMtauwhn0IpYGw8zDfvxgH GJI+tjS/nsRP4hVeLW7VYFMNOWpKr6yzy+4rEZlaDDmePweZg628A0jAj9d4oWiwoUG7 NLbw== MIME-Version: 1.0 X-Received: by 10.42.154.65 with SMTP id p1mr1102326icw.26.1433727769482; Sun, 07 Jun 2015 18:42:49 -0700 (PDT) In-Reply-To: <1433727278.3822814.289289041.222E2077@webmail.messagingengine.com> References: <87oaksowwg.fsf@Equus.decebal.nl> <1451048.pW9z17ilMA@PointedEars.de> <3158703.Lr4HFMbMOd@PointedEars.de> <1656356.OjxBvjpJ5d@PointedEars.de> <5515034.V7dcXEWAvK@PointedEars.de> <1583276.2lplL8rY5W@PointedEars.de> <44804165.jDZYAAtjtx@PointedEars.de> <1506818.lbhLiAFkUt@PointedEars.de> <1433727278.3822814.289289041.222E2077@webmail.messagingengine.com> Date: Mon, 8 Jun 2015 11:42:49 +1000 Subject: Re: Testing random From: Chris Angelico Cc: "python-list@python.org" Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-BeenThere: python-list@python.org X-Mailman-Version: 2.1.20+ Precedence: list List-Id: General discussion list for the Python programming language List-Unsubscribe: , List-Archive: List-Post: List-Help: List-Subscribe: , Newsgroups: comp.lang.python Message-ID: Lines: 17 NNTP-Posting-Host: 2001:888:2000:d::a6 X-Trace: 1433727771 news.xs4all.nl 2914 [2001:888:2000:d::a6]:43581 X-Complaints-To: abuse@xs4all.nl Xref: csiph.com comp.lang.python:92321 On Mon, Jun 8, 2015 at 11:34 AM, wrote: > In general, as the number of trials increases, the probability of having > e.g. at least one of each value never _reaches_ 1, but it gets > arbitrarily close. And by "arbitrarily close", you mean any of: * So close to 1.0 that IEEE double precision is unable to represent it * So unlikely that you could perform one trial every nanosecond until the heat death of the universe and still not expect to see it * Less likely than that two files could accidentally collide on MD5, SHA1, SHA256, and file size, simultaneously I think all of the above are true of this case, though I have to guess about the heat death of the universe. ChrisA