Path: csiph.com!newsfeed.hal-mli.net!feeder3.hal-mli.net!newsfeed.hal-mli.net!feeder1.hal-mli.net!nntp-feed.chiark.greenend.org.uk!ewrotcd!news.nosignal.org!newsgate.cistron.nl!newsgate.news.xs4all.nl!post.news.xs4all.nl!not-for-mail Return-Path: X-Original-To: python-list@python.org Delivered-To: python-list@mail.python.org X-Spam-Status: OK 0.000 X-Spam-Evidence: '*H*': 1.00; '*S*': 0.00; 'context': 0.05; 'c++,': 0.07; 'classes.': 0.07; 'type,': 0.07; 'python': 0.09; 'methods,': 0.09; 'received:80.91': 0.09; 'received:80.91.229': 0.09; 'received:gmane.org': 0.09; 'received:list': 0.09; 'slices': 0.09; 'structure,': 0.09; 'terry': 0.09; 'subject:python': 0.11; '(there': 0.16; 'buffers,': 0.16; 'bytearrays,': 0.16; 'c++.': 0.16; 'frames': 0.16; 'hashed': 0.16; 'instances,': 0.16; 'iterators,': 0.16; 'none),': 0.16; 'received:80.91.229.3': 0.16; 'received:plane.gmane.org': 0.16; 'reedy': 0.16; 'tuples,': 0.16; 'wrote:': 0.17; 'instance': 0.17; 'integer': 0.17; 'pointer': 0.17; 'unicode': 0.17; 'jan': 0.18; 'equivalent': 0.20; 'bit': 0.21; 'programming': 0.23; 'class.': 0.23; 'needed.': 0.23; "python's": 0.23; 'third-party': 0.23; 'header:In-Reply-To:1': 0.25; 'header:User-Agent:1': 0.26; 'library.': 0.27; 'structures': 0.27; 'header:X-Complaints-To:1': 0.28; 'arrays': 0.29; 'dictionary': 0.29; 'protocols': 0.29; 'strings,': 0.29; 'types.': 0.29; "i'm": 0.29; 'classes': 0.30; 'normally': 0.30; 'subject: ?': 0.30; 'code': 0.31; 'url:python': 0.32; 'file': 0.32; 'structure': 0.32; 'getting': 0.33; 'null': 0.33; 'to:addr:python- list': 0.33; 'languages': 0.33; 'wrong': 0.34; 'built-in': 0.35; 'pm,': 0.35; 'received:org': 0.36; 'but': 0.36; 'url:org': 0.36; 'programmers': 0.36; 'url:library': 0.36; 'anything': 0.36; 'does': 0.37; 'subject:: ': 0.38; 'object': 0.38; 'skip:o 20': 0.38; 'url:docs': 0.38; 'page': 0.38; 'to:addr:python.org': 0.39; 'called': 0.39; 'header:Received:5': 0.40; 'easy': 0.60; 'most': 0.61; 'here': 0.65; 'virus': 0.66; 'direct': 0.69; 'comparable': 0.84; 'follow,': 0.84; 'received:fios.verizon.net': 0.84; 'sets,': 0.84; 'wheel': 0.84; 'subject:available': 0.96 X-Injected-Via-Gmane: http://gmane.org/ To: python-list@python.org From: Terry Reedy Subject: Re: Over 30 types of variables available in python ? Date: Sun, 06 Jan 2013 19:45:38 -0500 References: <1357513931.54941.YahooMailNeo@web125504.mail.ne1.yahoo.com> Mime-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8; format=flowed Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit X-Gmane-NNTP-Posting-Host: pool-173-75-251-66.phlapa.fios.verizon.net User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; WOW64; rv:17.0) Gecko/17.0 Thunderbird/17.0 In-Reply-To: <1357513931.54941.YahooMailNeo@web125504.mail.ne1.yahoo.com> X-BeenThere: python-list@python.org X-Mailman-Version: 2.1.15 Precedence: list List-Id: General discussion list for the Python programming language List-Unsubscribe: , List-Archive: List-Post: List-Help: List-Subscribe: , Newsgroups: comp.lang.python Message-ID: Lines: 42 NNTP-Posting-Host: 2001:888:2000:d::a6 X-Trace: 1357519586 news.xs4all.nl 6872 [2001:888:2000:d::a6]:38343 X-Complaints-To: abuse@xs4all.nl Xref: csiph.com comp.lang.python:36311 On 1/6/2013 6:12 PM, chaouche yacine wrote: > > booleans > ints, floats, longs, complexes > strings, unicode strings > lists, tuples, dictionaries, dictionary views, sets, frozensets, > buffers, bytearrays, slices > functions, methods, code objects,modules,classes, instances, types, > nulls (there is exactly one object of type Null which is None), > tracebacks, frames > generators, iterators, xranges, > files, > memoryviews, > context managers, > > These are all listed in this page > http://docs.python.org/2/library/stdtypes.html as built-in types. They would better be called classes. Every thing is Python is an instance of a class. 'Iterator' and 'context manager' are protocols that multiple classes can follow, not classes themselves. > Am I > getting anything wrong here ? I'm a bit confused about it. I have never > seen so many types in the few programming languages I saw. C has up to 8 integer types, Python 3 just 1. Most of the above are structures in C, which may or may not by typedef-ed, or classes in C++. If you counted all the structures and classes that come with C or C++, you would find a comparable number. C stdlib has a pointer to file structure type, which is equivalent to Python's file class. It is true that C does not come with hashed arrays (sets) and hashed associative arrays (dicts), but they are often needed. So C programmers either reinvent the wheel or include a third-party library. C also has frame structure, but they are normally hidden. C programmers do not have easy direct access. However, virus writers learn to work with them ;-(. -- Terry Jan Reedy