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Date: Sun, 30 Jan 2011 11:54:38 -0800
Subject: Re: Understanding def foo(*args)
From: Chris Rebert <clp2@rebertia.com>
To: sl33k_ <ahsanbagwan@gmail.com>
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On Sun, Jan 30, 2011 at 11:26 AM, sl33k_ <ahsanbagwan@gmail.com> wrote:
> Hi,
>
> I am struggling to grasp this concept about def foo(*args).

The interactive interpreter is your friend! Try experimenting with it next time!

http://docs.python.org/tutorial/controlflow.html#arbitrary-argument-lists
That `def` defines a variadic function; i.e. a function which takes an
arbitrary number of positional arguments.
`args` will be a tuple of all the positional arguments passed to the function:
>>> def foo(*args):
...     print args
...
>>> foo(1)
(1,)
>>> foo(1,2)
(1, 2)
>>> foo(1,2,3)
(1, 2, 3)

If positional parameters precede the *-parameter, then they are
required and the *-parameter will receive any additional arguments:
>>> def qux(a, b, *args):
...     print 'a is', a
...     print 'b is', b
...     print 'args is', args
...
>>> qux(1)
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "<stdin>", line 1, in <module>
TypeError: qux() takes at least 2 arguments (1 given)
>>> qux(1, 2)
a is 1
b is 2
args is ()
>>> qux(1, 2, 3)
a is 1
b is 2
args is (3,)
>>> qux(1, 2, 3, 4)
a is 1
b is 2
args is (3, 4)

> Also, what is def bar(*args, *kwargs)?

You meant: def bar(*args, **kwargs)

See http://docs.python.org/tutorial/controlflow.html#keyword-arguments
Basically, the **-parameter is like the *-parameter, except for
keyword arguments instead of positional arguments.

> Also, can the terms method and function be used interchangeably?

No. A method is function that is associated with an object (normally
via a class) and takes this object as its first argument (typically
named "self"). A function does not have any of these requirements.
Thus, all method are functions, but the reverse is not true.
(I'm ignoring complexities like classmethods and staticmethods for simplicity.)

Cheers,
Chris
--
http://blog.rebertia.com