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From: Tim Rentsch <tr.17687@z991.linuxsc.com>
Newsgroups: comp.lang.c++
Subject: Re: Q: how to make an object that throws
Date: Thu, 25 Apr 2024 14:08:58 -0700
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ram@zedat.fu-berlin.de (Stefan Ram) writes:

> Zhengyi Fu <i@fuzy.me> wrote or quoted:
>
>> int *object = NULL;
>
>   This seems to be what's helping the OP, but when you consider
>   that the subject line is "how to make an object that throws",
>   you'd actually have to say that the thrower here is not an
>   object, but rather the /absence of an object/.
>
>   This of course has to do with how objects are specified.
>
>   In C++, an expression can stand directly for an object, so
>   an assignment copies that object.  In other languages,

In some other languages.  Certainly not all other languages.

>   objects
>   are always implicitly specified by references/pointers, and
>   an assignment copies that reference/pointer.

Some languages that use pointer semantics rather than using
"objects" directly don't have a way to do assignment, so the
question of what is copied is moot.